Fluorescence detection device, detection apparatus, and detection system

Abstract

The application relates to a fluorescence detection device, a detection equipment and a detection system. The fluorescence detection device comprises a support and a switching device. The switching device comprises a rotating shaft and a switching mechanism. The switching mechanism is rotatably arranged on the support through the rotating shaft. An excitation light path and an emission light path are arranged on the switching mechanism. The excitation light path and the emission light path are arranged in a radial direction of the rotating shaft and are respectively used for transmitting light and collecting light. The excitation light path comprises at least two excitation modules arranged on the same circle and spaced from each other. The emission light path comprises at least two emission modules arranged on the same circle and spaced from each other. The at least two excitation modules and the at least two emission modules are one-to-one corresponding. Based on this, switching between different channels can be conveniently realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of fluorescence detection technology, and in particular to a fluorescence detection device, detection equipment, and detection system. Background Technology

[0002] Fluorescence detection technology is a detection technique that uses fluorescence signals as tracers to identify target substances and is widely used in molecular biology and medical research. In some cases, it is necessary to use light of different wavelengths to identify and detect different target substances within the same reaction; however, how to achieve the switching between channels corresponding to different wavelengths of light has always been a challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application aims to provide a fluorescence detection device, detection equipment, and detection system that facilitates channel switching.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the fluorescence detection device provided in this application includes:

[0005] Support; and

[0006] A switching device includes a rotating shaft and a switching mechanism. The switching mechanism is rotatably mounted on a support via the rotating shaft. The switching mechanism is provided with an excitation light path and an emission light path. The excitation light path and the emission light path are arranged in a staggered manner in the radial direction of the rotating shaft and are used to transmit light outward and collect light, respectively. The excitation light path includes at least two excitation modules arranged at intervals on the same circumference, and the emission light path includes at least two emission modules arranged at intervals on the same circumference. The at least two excitation modules and the at least two emission modules correspond one-to-one.

[0007] In some embodiments, the excitation optical path and the emission optical path are completely offset in the radial direction of the rotating shaft; and / or, the excitation module and the corresponding emission module are staggered in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft.

[0008] In some embodiments, the excitation optical path is located outside the emission optical path in the radial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0009] In some embodiments, the excitation module includes an excitation lens and an excitation filter, which are arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction of the excitation optical path; the emission module includes an emission lens and an emission filter, which are arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction of the emission optical path.

[0010] In some embodiments, the excitation lens and the emission lens are arranged offset from each other along the axial direction of the rotation axis.

[0011] In some embodiments, the switching mechanism is provided with at least one mounting hole for accommodating an excitation lens, an excitation filter, an emission lens, or an emission filter. At least one end of the mounting hole is provided with a light-shielding portion, which surrounds the periphery of the mounting hole and protrudes outward or recessed inward relative to the mounting hole.

[0012] In some embodiments, each excitation lens, each excitation filter, each emission lens, and each emission filter are respectively disposed in a mounting hole, and at least one end of each mounting hole is provided with a light-shielding portion.

[0013] In some embodiments, the light-shielding portion of the mounting hole for accommodating the excitation filter at one end facing the excitation lens is in concave-convex engagement with the light-shielding portion of the mounting hole for accommodating the excitation lens at one end facing the excitation filter; and / or, the light-shielding portion of the mounting hole for accommodating the emission filter at one end facing the emission lens is in concave-convex engagement with the light-shielding portion of the mounting hole for accommodating the emission lens at one end facing the emission filter.

[0014] In some embodiments, the switching mechanism includes a first support and a second support, which are arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction of the emission optical path. An excitation filter is disposed on the first support, and an excitation lens, an emission lens, and an emission filter are disposed on the second support.

[0015] In some embodiments,

[0016] The first support includes a first frame and a second frame, which are arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction of the emitted light path and are detachably connected to each other. An excitation filter is disposed on the second frame; and / or,

[0017] The second support includes a third frame and a fourth frame. The third frame and the fourth frame are arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction of the emitted light path and are detachably connected to each other. The excitation lens and the emission lens are both set on the third frame, and the emission filter is set on the fourth frame.

[0018] In some embodiments, a limiting groove is provided on the surface of the third frame facing the fourth frame. The limiting groove is recessed in a direction away from the fourth frame relative to the surface of the third frame facing the fourth frame, and the limiting groove is located radially between the excitation module and the emission module along the rotation axis.

[0019] In some embodiments, the first bracket and the second bracket are detachably connected.

[0020] In some embodiments, a boss is provided on the surface of the first bracket facing the second bracket, and a groove is provided on the surface of the second bracket facing the first bracket, with the boss and the groove fitting together.

[0021] In some embodiments,

[0022] The switching mechanism is equipped with excitation through holes, each corresponding to an excitation module. The excitation modules transmit light outward through these through holes; and / or,

[0023] The switching mechanism is equipped with a transmission through hole, which corresponds one-to-one with the transmission module. Light is transmitted to the transmission module through the transmission through hole.

[0024] In some embodiments, at least one end of the excitation through hole is provided with a first light-blocking portion, the first light-blocking portion surrounds the periphery of the excitation through hole and protrudes outward or recessed inward relative to the excitation through hole; and / or, at least one end of the emission through hole is provided with a second light-blocking portion, the second light-blocking portion surrounds the periphery of the emission through hole and protrudes outward or recessed inward relative to the emission through hole.

[0025] In some embodiments, the emission aperture includes a first aperture segment and a second aperture segment, the first aperture segment and the second aperture segment are connected sequentially along the light transmission direction of the emission optical path, and at least one end of the first aperture segment and / or at least one end of the second aperture segment is provided with a second light-blocking part.

[0026] In some embodiments, the second light-blocking portion of the first aperture segment facing one end of the second aperture segment is in concave-convex fit with the second light-blocking portion of the second aperture segment facing one end of the first aperture segment.

[0027] In some embodiments, a first light-blocking portion of the excitation through-hole facing one end of the excitation filter engages with a light-shielding portion of the mounting hole for accommodating the excitation filter facing one end of the excitation through-hole; and / or, a second light-blocking portion of the emission through-hole facing one end of the emission lens engages with a light-shielding portion of the mounting hole for accommodating the emission lens facing one end of the emission through-hole.

[0028] In some embodiments, the switching mechanism is provided with one of a separating groove and a separating ring, and the support is provided with the other of a separating groove and a separating ring. The separating ring is inserted into the separating groove to form a separating structure. The separating structure is located radially along the rotating shaft between the excitation optical path and the emission optical path to separate the light transmitted through the excitation optical path and the light transmitted through the emission optical path.

[0029] In some embodiments, the switching mechanism has a partition structure on both sides along the light transmission direction of the excitation optical path.

[0030] In some embodiments, the fluorescence detection device includes at least one of the following:

[0031] The drive mechanism is connected to the rotating shaft drive to drive the switching mechanism to rotate;

[0032] The light source module is connected to the support and, when the switching mechanism rotates, alternately aligns with each excitation module to alternately transmit light to each excitation module;

[0033] The photoelectric conversion element is mounted on the support and is alternately aligned with each transmitting module when the switching mechanism rotates;

[0034] An angle detection device is installed on the support and detects the rotation angle of the switching mechanism;

[0035] The excitation fiber is connected to the support and is alternately aligned with each excitation module when the switching mechanism rotates, so as to transmit the light transmitted by each excitation module outward in an alternate manner.

[0036] The transmitting optical fiber is connected to the support and, when the switching mechanism rotates, is alternately aligned with each transmitting module to transmit light to each transmitting module in a switching manner.

[0037] In some embodiments, the light source module and the switching mechanism are arranged side by side on a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation.

[0038] In some embodiments, the light source module includes a light source and a heat dissipation device, wherein the light source emits light and the heat dissipation device dissipates heat from the light source.

[0039] The detection equipment provided in this application includes a base, and also includes a fluorescence detection device according to an embodiment of this application, wherein the fluorescence detection device is disposed on the base.

[0040] The detection system provided in this application includes a microfluidic chip, and also includes a fluorescence detection device or detection equipment according to the embodiments of this application. The excitation optical path is used to transmit light to the microfluidic chip to excite the sample in the microfluidic chip to generate fluorescence, and the emission optical path is used to collect the fluorescence generated by the sample in the microfluidic chip after excitation.

[0041] In the application, the switching mechanism rotates, which can easily achieve switching between multiple channels.

[0042] Other features and advantages of this application will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the fluorescence detection device in this embodiment, omitting the excitation fiber and the emission fiber.

[0045] Figure 2This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the light source module in an embodiment of this application.

[0046] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the light source module in an embodiment of this application.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the fluorescence detection device in this application embodiment when the light source module and mounting bracket are omitted.

[0048] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The explosion diagram is omitted when the excitation fiber, the emission fiber, and the light source fiber are not shown.

[0049] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The first three-dimensional view of the structure shown.

[0050] Figure 7 for Figure 5 The second three-dimensional view of the structure shown.

[0051] Figure 8 for Figure 5 The third 3D view of the structure shown.

[0052] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the first seat in the embodiments of this application.

[0053] Figure 10 This is a side view of the first seat in an embodiment of this application.

[0054] Figure 11 This is a perspective view of the second seat in the embodiments of this application.

[0055] Figure 12 This is a side view of the second seat in an embodiment of this application.

[0056] Figure 13 This is a first perspective view of the first frame in the embodiments of this application.

[0057] Figure 14 This is a second perspective view of the first frame in the embodiments of this application.

[0058] Figure 15 This is an end view of the first frame in the embodiment of this application.

[0059] Figure 16 for Figure 15 AA sectional view.

[0060] Figure 17 for Figure 15 BB cross-sectional view.

[0061] Figure 18 This is a first perspective view of the second frame in the embodiments of this application.

[0062] Figure 19 This is a second perspective view of the second frame in the embodiments of this application.

[0063] Figure 20 This is an end view of the second frame in an embodiment of this application.

[0064] Figure 21 for Figure 20 CC section view.

[0065] Figure 22 for Figure 20 DD sectional view.

[0066] Figure 23 This is a first perspective view of the third frame in the embodiments of this application.

[0067] Figure 24 This is a second perspective view of the third frame in the embodiments of this application.

[0068] Figure 25 This is an end view of the third frame in an embodiment of this application.

[0069] Figure 26 for Figure 25 EE sectional view.

[0070] Figure 27 for Figure 25 FF sectional view.

[0071] Figure 28 This is a first perspective view of the fourth frame in the embodiments of this application.

[0072] Figure 29 This is a first end view of the fourth frame in the embodiments of this application.

[0073] Figure 30 This is a second end view of the fourth frame in an embodiment of this application.

[0074] Figure 31 for Figure 30 GG cross-sectional view.

[0075] Figure 32 for Figure 30 HH cross-sectional view.

[0076] Figure 33 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a microfluidic chip.

[0077] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0078] 100. Fluorescence detection device;

[0079] 1. Support; 11. First base body; 111. Light outlet; 112. Light inlet; 113. First shaft hole; 114. Fixing groove; 116. Fitting groove; 12. Second base body; 121. Light inlet; 122. Placement groove; 123. Second shaft hole; 124. Receiving groove; 125. Container groove; 13. Connecting plate; 15. Mounting bracket;

[0080] 2. Switching device; 21. Rotating shaft; 211. Radial flange; 22. Switching mechanism; 221. Excitation optical path; 222. Emission optical path; 223. Excitation module; 224. Emission module; 225. Excitation filter; 226. Excitation lens; 227. Emission filter; 228. Emission lens; 23. First support; 24. Second support; 25. First frame; 251. Excitation through hole; 252. Emission through hole; 253. First aperture segment; 254. Through shaft hole; 255. First light block Part; 256, Second light-blocking part; 257, Light-blocking protrusion; 259, Keyway; 26, Second frame; 261, Mounting hole; 262, Excitation filter mounting hole; 263, Second aperture section; 264, Boss; 265, Light-shielding part; 266, Light-shielding protrusion; 267, Light-shielding groove; 268, Light-blocking groove; 27, Third frame; 271, Excitation lens mounting hole; 272, Emitting lens mounting hole; 273, Groove; 28, Fourth frame; 281, Emitting filter mounting hole; 29, Bearing;

[0081] 3. Drive mechanism; 31. Motor; 32. Transmission mechanism; 33. First pulley; 34. Second pulley; 35. Belt;

[0082] 4. Light source module; 41. Light source; 42. Heat dissipation device; 43. Heat sink; 44. Fan; 45. Light source circuit board; 46. Light source lens; 47. Mounting plate; 48. Fixing block; 49. Light source slot;

[0083] 5. Angle detection device; 51. Trigger; 52. Phototube; 53. Trigger slot;

[0084] 61. Photoelectric conversion element; 62. Detection circuit board;

[0085] 71. Excitation fiber; 72. Transmitting fiber; 73. Light source fiber;

[0086] 81. Connecting hole; 82. Fastening hole; 83. Fixing hole; 85. Separating groove; 86. Separating ring; 87. Separating structure;

[0087] 9. Microfluidic chip; 91. Reaction chamber; 92. Amplification chamber; 93. Switching valve. Detailed Implementation

[0088] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit this application or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0089] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0090] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0091] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0092] In this application, the fluorescence detection device is used to realize the fluorescence detection process, and more particularly to realize the multi-channel real-time fluorescence detection process, that is, to realize the switching of multiple channels so as to use light of different wavelengths to identify and detect different target substances in the same reaction. Here, "multi-channel" refers to at least two light channels (or light paths).

[0093] As an example, a fluorescence detection device is used for multi-channel real-time fluorescence detection during nucleic acid testing. The nucleic acid detection process generally includes nucleic acid extraction, nucleic acid amplification, and fluorescence detection. Specifically, nucleic acids are first extracted from cell-containing samples (such as whole blood or serum) through steps such as lysis and purification. Then, the extracted nucleic acids are amplified, and fluorescence detection of the target nucleic acid is performed during the amplification process. The fluorescence detection device is used in the fluorescence detection stage. By emitting light of different wavelengths to the amplification products, it excites fluorescent substances to produce fluorescence of different intensities, and collects the excited fluorescence in real time, detecting the intensity of the excited fluorescence to determine the presence and quantity of the target nucleic acid.

[0094] Figures 1-32 The structure of the fluorescence detection device of this application is illustrated by way of example.

[0095] See Figure 1-32In this application, the fluorescence detection device 100 includes a support 1 and a switching device 2. The switching device 2 includes a rotating shaft 21 and a switching mechanism 22. The switching mechanism 22 is rotatably mounted on the support 1 via the rotating shaft 21. The switching mechanism 22 is provided with an excitation light path 221 and an emission light path 222. The excitation light path 221 and the emission light path 222 are arranged radially offset from each other on the rotating shaft 21 and are used for transmitting light outward and collecting light, respectively. The excitation light path 221 includes at least two excitation modules 223 arranged at intervals on the same circumference. The emission light path 222 includes at least two emission modules 224 arranged at intervals on the same circumference. The at least two excitation modules 223 and the at least two emission modules 224 correspond one-to-one.

[0096] Based on the above configuration, the fluorescence detection device 100 can easily control the switching of different channels to flexibly meet different detection needs. For example, it can detect the intensity of fluorescence signals that gradually change as biochemical reactions proceed, thereby achieving real-time quantitative detection. Furthermore, it can detect different targets that require different light sources. Each excitation module 223 and its corresponding emission module 224 constitute one channel.

[0097] During operation, the switching mechanism 22 rotates, enabling switching between different excitation modules 223 and different emission modules 224. This allows different excitation modules 223 to transmit light outward in turn, emitting different fluorescence. The emission modules 224 corresponding to each excitation module 223 also switch to collect the emitted fluorescence, enabling the identification and detection of the target object through analysis.

[0098] As can be seen, the fluorescence detection device 100 provided in this application can switch between different channels simply by controlling the switching mechanism 22 to rotate relative to the support 1. This is simple and convenient, and therefore helps to improve fluorescence detection efficiency and achieve a more efficient fluorescence detection process.

[0099] In the above configuration, the switching between different channels is achieved based on rotational motion. Compared with the moving multi-channel switching method (i.e., the switching between different channels based on movement), this rotational multi-channel switching method is more conducive to reducing the number of components, simplifying the overall structure, reducing the overall size, extending the service life, and improving the reliability of operation.

[0100] The light transmitted outward by the excitation module 223 is provided by the light source module 4. The light source module 4 includes a light source 41, which is connected to the switching device 2 and is used to provide excitation light to the excitation module 223. The fluorescence collected by the emission module 224 is converted into an electrical signal by the photoelectric conversion element 61, so that it can be analyzed by the detection circuit board 62, which is electrically connected to the photoelectric conversion element 61, to obtain the detection result.

[0101] The excitation module 223 transmits light outward through the excitation fiber 71. That is, the excitation light transmitted to the excitation module 223 is transmitted to the sample via the excitation fiber 71 to excite fluorescence. The fluorescence generated by the sample is transmitted to the emission module 224 via the emission fiber 72. That is, the fluorescence generated by the sample is transmitted to the emission module 224 via the emission fiber 72 to enable the emission module 224 to collect the excited fluorescence.

[0102] The movement of the switching mechanism 22 is driven by the drive mechanism 3, for example, see Figure 4-5 In some embodiments, the drive mechanism 3 includes a motor 31 and a transmission mechanism 32. The motor 31 is connected to the switching mechanism 22 through the transmission mechanism 32 to drive the switching mechanism 22 to move, thereby realizing the switching between different channels.

[0103] When using a mobile multi-channel switching method, each channel requires a separate light source 41 and photoelectric conversion element 61. This results in a large number of light sources 41 and photoelectric conversion elements 61, leading to a complex overall structure, a large overall size, and higher costs. However, when using a rotary multi-channel switching method, all channels can share a single light source 41 and photoelectric conversion element 61. This changes the system from independent light sources 41 and independent photoelectric conversion elements 61 for each channel to a shared light source 41 and photoelectric conversion element 61. Since this effectively reduces the number of optical and photoelectric elements, it simplifies the overall structure, reduces the overall size, and lowers the overall cost. Furthermore, the mobile multi-channel switching method requires space around the fluorescence detection device 100 to meet the space requirements for the movement of the switching mechanism 22, resulting in a larger size for the detection equipment and system, including the fluorescence detection device 100. When using a rotary multi-channel switching method, the spatial position of the switching mechanism 22 remains unchanged during the rotation process, and it does not need to occupy the space around the fluorescence detection device 100. Therefore, it is also beneficial to reduce the size of the detection equipment and detection system including the fluorescence detection device 100, making the detection equipment and detection system more compact and portable.

[0104] Furthermore, when using a mobile multi-channel switching method, the fluorescence detection device 100 is typically arranged vertically to meet assembly requirements. In this case, the switching mechanism 22 moves vertically. During this process, due to gravity, there are impacts during movement and start-up / stopping. Therefore, the motor 31 is prone to step distortion due to sudden stress, affecting the reliability of the motor 31 and the accuracy of channel switching, thus impacting the overall structural reliability and detection accuracy of the fluorescence detection device 100. However, when using a rotary multi-channel switching method, the fluorescence detection device 100 occupies less space. Even with a horizontal arrangement, it requires less space. Therefore, the rotary multi-channel switching fluorescence detection device 100 can be arranged horizontally, so the output shaft of the motor 31 is no longer vertical but horizontal. This reduces the risk of step distortion caused by sudden stress, effectively improving the reliability of the motor 31 and the accuracy of channel switching, thereby improving the overall structural reliability and detection accuracy of the fluorescence detection device 100.

[0105] Furthermore, when using a movable multi-channel switching method, the excitation fiber 71 and the emission fiber 72 typically move together with the switching mechanism 22. In this case, the excitation fiber 71 and the emission fiber 72 are prone to bending during movement, affecting their service life. However, when using a rotary multi-channel switching method, the excitation fiber 71 and the emission fiber 72 can be mounted on the support 1 and do not rotate with the switching mechanism 22. This reduces the bending of the excitation fiber 71 and the emission fiber 72, thereby extending their service life and improving the reliability and extending the service life of the fluorescence detection device 100.

[0106] As can be seen, by enabling the fluorescence detection device 100 to switch between different channels based on the rotation of the switching mechanism 22, this application can effectively reduce the number of components, simplify the overall structure, reduce the overall volume, improve operational reliability, and extend service life.

[0107] Meanwhile, in this application, the excitation optical path 221 and the emission optical path 222 are arranged in a staggered manner in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 21. This means that the excitation optical path 221 and the emission optical path 222 only partially overlap in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 21, or do not overlap at all and are completely staggered. In this case, the excitation optical path 221 and the emission optical path 222 are not on the same circumference, but on different circumferences, so that all excitation modules 223 are located on the same circumference, and all emission modules 224 are located on the same circumference, but all excitation modules 223 and all emission modules 224 are located on different circumferences. This arrangement of the excitation optical path 221 and the emission optical path 222 on different circumferences has many advantages compared with the arrangement of the excitation optical path 221 and the emission optical path 222 on the same circumference.

[0108] On the one hand, it facilitates switching between more channels. When the excitation optical path 221 and the emission optical path 222 are arranged on the same circumference, all excitation modules 223 and all emission modules 224 are located on the same circumference. At this time, the excitation modules 223 and emission modules 224 cannot be arranged to form a complete circle, and their numbers are relatively small. In other words, the number of channels is small, and therefore, only a small number of channels can be switched. This makes it difficult for the fluorescence detection device 100 to meet the detection requirements of switching between more channels. However, when the excitation optical path 221 and the emission optical path 222 are on different circumferences, only one of the excitation modules 223 and emission modules 224 needs to be arranged on the same circumference. The excitation modules 223 and emission modules 224 can each be arranged to form a complete circle, and their numbers are larger. Therefore, it is easier to switch between more channels, thereby better meeting the detection requirements of switching between more channels.

[0109] On the other hand, it facilitates a reduction in overall size. From another perspective, when the number of channels to be switched is the same, if the excitation light path 221 and the emission light path 222 are arranged on the same circumference, then the diameter of the circumference where they are located needs to be large, which can easily result in a large volume of the switching mechanism 22, leading to a large overall volume of the fluorescence detection device 100, affecting the flexibility and portability of use. However, when the excitation light path 221 and the emission light path 222 are arranged on different circumferences, the diameter of the circumference where they are located can be relatively small, which helps to reduce the volume of the switching mechanism 22, thereby reducing the overall volume of the fluorescence detection device 100 and improving the flexibility and portability of use.

[0110] On the other hand, it facilitates the reduction of light crosstalk. When the excitation light path 221 and the emission light path 222 are arranged on the same circumference, since they are not misaligned radially, the excitation light transmitted by the excitation module 223 and the fluorescence collected by the emission module 224 are prone to mutual interference, affecting the accuracy of the detection results. However, when the excitation light path 221 and the emission light path 222 are arranged on different circumferences, since they are misaligned radially and there is a radial distance between them, the crosstalk between the excitation light transmitted by the excitation module 223 and the fluorescence collected by the emission module 224 can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection results. In particular, when the excitation light path 221 and the emission light path 222 are completely misaligned radially on the rotating shaft 21, the greater radial distance between them is more conducive to reducing light crosstalk and improving detection accuracy. For example, see Figure 4-8 In some embodiments, the excitation light path 221 is located outside the emission light path 222 in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 21. In this case, the excitation light path 221 and the emission light path 222 are completely offset in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 21. Therefore, crosstalk between the channels can be effectively reduced, and the detection accuracy can be improved. Furthermore, since the excitation light path 221 is located outside the emission light path 222 in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 21, rather than inside it, the emission light path 222 used to collect fluorescence is closer to the center of the rotating shaft 21 and further away from the outside. Therefore, it is also beneficial to reduce the interference of external light on the emission light path 222, so as not to affect the accuracy of the detection results due to the influence of the collected fluorescence.

[0111] As can be seen, this application sets the excitation optical path 221 and the emission optical path 222 to be arranged in a staggered manner in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 21, which is beneficial to realize the switching of more channels, reduce the overall volume, and improve the accuracy of the detection results.

[0112] In summary, the fluorescence detection device 100 provided in this application is not only simple and compact in structure, but also has a low risk of light crosstalk. It can conveniently, efficiently and accurately complete the switching between different channels, and achieve a more accurate fluorescence detection process.

[0113] In addition, other designs have been incorporated in this application to further reduce the risk of light crosstalk.

[0114] For example, see Figure 5-32In some embodiments, the excitation module 223 and the corresponding emission module 224 are staggered in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 21. That is, the excitation module 223 and the corresponding emission module 224 are not directly opposite each other in the circumferential direction, but rather at an angle. This creates a distance between the excitation module 223 and the emission module 224 not only in the radial direction but also in the circumferential direction, thus more effectively reducing light crosstalk and improving detection accuracy. Simultaneously, the radial staggered arrangement of the excitation module 223 and the corresponding emission module 224 also helps reduce physical interference between them. This not only facilitates the arrangement of the excitation modules 223 and the emission modules 224 on different circumferences but also allows for a smaller radial distance between the different circumferences where the excitation modules 223 and the emission modules 224 are located, thereby reducing the risk of light crosstalk while minimizing the size of the switching mechanism 22.

[0115] As examples of the excitation module 223 and the emission module 224 in the foregoing embodiments, see Figure 5-8 The excitation module 223 includes an excitation lens 226 and an excitation filter 225, which are arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction of the excitation optical path 221. The emission module 224 includes an emission lens 228 and an emission filter 227, which are arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction of the emission optical path 222.

[0116] Excitation lens 226 is used to collimate the excitation light. Excitation filter 225 is used to filter the excitation light to remove light of other wavelengths besides the desired wavelength, allowing the excitation light of a specific wavelength to pass through smoothly, thereby exciting the sample to produce fluorescence. Excitation lens 226 and excitation filter 225 are arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction of excitation light path 221, so that excitation module 223 can conduct the excitation light and sequentially complete collimation and filtering to obtain excitation light of a specific excitation wavelength, thereby exciting fluorescence of a specific wavelength. As an example, the parameters of excitation filter 225 may differ between different excitation modules 223.

[0117] The emitting lens 228 is used to collimate the fluorescence. The emitting filter 227 is used to filter out stray light, allowing fluorescence of a specific wavelength band to pass through smoothly and be transmitted to the photoelectric conversion element 61 for further processing. The emitting lens 228 and the emitting filter 227 are arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction of the emitting light path 222, so that the emitting module 224 can sequentially converge and filter the fluorescence excited by the sample, and transmit the filtered fluorescence to the photoelectric conversion element 61 for processing. As an example, the parameters of the emitting filter 227 of different emitting modules 224 may differ.

[0118] See also Figure 6-8 In some embodiments, the excitation lens 226 and the emission lens 228 are staggered along the axial direction of the rotation axis 21. This helps to reduce mutual interference between the excitation light and the excited fluorescence during the collimation process, and therefore also helps to improve detection accuracy.

[0119] The excitation lens 226, excitation filter 225, emission lens 228, and emission filter 227 can be disposed on the switching mechanism 22 in various ways. For example, see Figure 5-32 In some embodiments, the switching mechanism 22 is provided with at least one mounting hole 261 for accommodating the excitation lens 226, excitation filter 225, emission lens 228, or emission filter 227. Since the mounting hole 261 can provide a certain degree of restraint for the accommodated object, providing the mounting hole 261 to accommodate the excitation lens 226, excitation filter 225, emission lens 228, or emission filter 227 facilitates a more stable placement of the excitation lens 226, excitation filter 225, emission lens 228, or emission filter 227 on the switching mechanism 22. Simultaneously, the mounting hole 261 is also more adaptable to the structural characteristics of the excitation lens 226, excitation filter 225, emission lens 228, or emission filter 227. The excitation lens 226, excitation filter 225, emission lens 228, and emission filter 227 are all very thin optical elements. Using the mounting hole 261 to accommodate the excitation lens 226, excitation filter 225, emission lens 228, or emission filter 227 is more convenient. Of course, as a variation, the mounting hole 261 can be omitted, and the excitation lens 226, excitation filter 225, emission lens 228, or emission filter 227 can be directly fixed to the switching mechanism 22 by bonding or other methods.

[0120] All lenses and filters may be equipped with mounting holes 261 in only some of them, or all of them may be equipped with mounting holes 261. For example, in some embodiments, each excitation lens 226, each excitation filter 225, each emission lens 228, and each emission filter 227 is respectively disposed in one mounting hole 261. In this case, all excitation lenses 226, all excitation filters 225, all emission lenses 228, and all emission filters 227 are equipped with mounting holes 261. This not only makes the placement of these optical components more stable, but also, since the mounting holes 261 can be isolated from each other, it can prevent light crosstalk. Therefore, it is also beneficial to improve the detection accuracy.

[0121] When the aforementioned mounting hole 261 is provided on the switching mechanism 22, see Figure 5-32In some embodiments, at least one end of the mounting hole 261 is provided with a light-shielding portion 265, which surrounds the periphery of the mounting hole 261 and protrudes outward or recessed inward relative to the mounting hole 261.

[0122] When the switching mechanism 22 is provided with at least two mounting holes 261, each mounting hole 261 may be provided with a light-shielding part 265 at at least one end, so as to more effectively reduce light crosstalk and improve detection accuracy.

[0123] The specific structural form of the light-shielding part 265 is not limited. For example, see... Figure 18-32 In some embodiments, the light-shielding portion 265 includes a light-shielding protrusion 266 or a light-shielding groove 267.

[0124] See also Figure 18-32 In some embodiments, the light-shielding portion 265 of the mounting hole 261 for accommodating the excitation filter 225 facing the excitation lens 226 engages with the light-shielding portion 265 of the mounting hole 261 for accommodating the excitation lens 226 facing the excitation filter 225; and / or, the light-shielding portion 265 of the mounting hole 261 for accommodating the emission filter 227 facing the emission lens 228 engages with the light-shielding portion 265 of the mounting hole 261 for accommodating the emission lens 228 facing the emission filter 227.

[0125] For ease of description, the mounting hole 261 for accommodating the excitation filter 225 is called the excitation filter mounting hole 262; the mounting hole 261 for accommodating the excitation lens 226 is called the excitation lens mounting hole 271; the mounting hole 261 for accommodating the emission lens 228 is called the emission lens mounting hole 272; and the mounting hole 261 for accommodating the emission filter 227 is called the emission filter mounting hole 281.

[0126] The excitation filter mounting hole 262 and the excitation lens mounting hole 271 are directly opposite each other, so that the excitation light enters the excitation filter mounting hole 262 through the excitation lens mounting hole 271, and is then collimated by the excitation lens 226 and filtered by the excitation filter 225. The light-shielding portions 265 at the opposite ends of the excitation filter mounting hole 262 and the excitation lens mounting hole 271 are designed with a concave-convex fit, meaning that one of the two light-shielding portions 265 is a light-shielding protrusion 266 and the other is a light-shielding groove 267, which fit together. This not only utilizes the positioning effect of the interlocking light-shielding protrusion 266 and the light-shielding groove 267 to strengthen the alignment between the excitation filter mounting hole 262 and the corresponding excitation lens mounting hole 271, improving collinearity and the smoothness of excitation light transmission, but also further reduces the risk of light crosstalk and the difficulty of filtering. All of these factors contribute to improving the accuracy of fluorescence detection. Meanwhile, the interlocking of the light-shielding protrusion 266 and the light-shielding groove 267 helps to reduce the axial distance between the two relative holes, improving the overall flatness of the structure and the tightness of the fit between the two relative holes. From this perspective, it also helps to reduce light crosstalk and improve detection accuracy.

[0127] The emission filter mounting hole 281 and the emission lens mounting hole 272 are directly opposite each other, so that the excitation light enters the emission filter mounting hole 281 through the emission lens mounting hole 272, and is then collimated by the emission lens 228 and filtered by the emission filter 227. The light-shielding portions 265 at the opposite ends of the emission filter mounting holes 281 and 272 are configured with a concave-convex fit, meaning that one of the two light-shielding portions 265 is a light-shielding protrusion 266 and the other is a light-shielding groove 267, which fit together. This not only strengthens the alignment between the emission filter mounting hole 281 and the corresponding emission lens mounting hole 272 by utilizing the positioning effect of the interlocking light-shielding protrusion 266 and light-shielding groove 267, improving collinearity and the smoothness of excited fluorescence transmission, but also further reduces the risk of light crosstalk and the difficulty of filtering. All of these factors contribute to improving the accuracy of fluorescence detection.

[0128] For the convenience of arranging the excitation lens 226, excitation filter 225, and excitation filter 225 on the switching mechanism 22, see [reference needed]. Figure 5-8 In some embodiments, the switching mechanism 22 includes a first support 23 and a second support 24, the first support 23 and the second support 24 are arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction of the light emission path 222, the excitation filter 225 is disposed on the first support 23, and the excitation lens 226, the emission lens 228 and the emission filter 227 are disposed on the second support 24.

[0129] Based on the above configuration, the excitation lens 226 and the excitation filter 225 can be arranged sequentially in the light transmission direction of the excitation light path 221, and the emission lens 228 and the emission filter 227 can be arranged sequentially in the light transmission direction of the emission light path 222, thus satisfying the collimation and filtering requirements of the excitation light and the excited fluorescence, respectively.

[0130] The first support 23 can completely or partially block the second support 24. When the first support 23 completely blocks the second support 24, in order to ensure that the excited fluorescence is not blocked by the first support 23 and can be successfully collected by the emission module 224, see [reference needed]. Figure 13-22 In some embodiments, the first support 23 is provided with an emission through-hole 252, which corresponds one-to-one with the emission module 224. Light is transmitted to the emission module 224 through the emission through-hole 252. That is, the emission module 224 collects the excited fluorescence through the emission through-hole 252. The emission through-hole 252 can remove the obstruction of the emission module 224 by the first support 23, so that the first support 23 does not block the emission module 224, and the excited fluorescence can pass through the first support 23 through the emission through-hole 252 and be successfully transmitted to the emission module 224. It can be understood that the emission through-hole 252 is located upstream of the emission lens 228 along the light transmission direction of the emission module 224, and is used to realize the transmission of light from the emission fiber 72 to the emission lens 228.

[0131] As an example of the first support 23, such as Figure 5-8 As shown, in some embodiments, the first support 23 includes a first frame 25 and a second frame 26. The first frame 25 and the second frame 26 are arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction of the emitted light path 222 and are detachably connected to each other. The excitation filter 225 is disposed on the second frame 26. In this arrangement, the excitation filter 225 is disposed on the second frame 26, which is farther away from the excitation fiber 71, rather than on the first frame 25, which is closer to the excitation fiber 71. This makes it easier to meet the distance requirement between the excitation filter 225 and the excitation fiber 71, preventing them from being too close and affecting detection. Furthermore, since the first frame 25 and the second frame 26 are detachably connected, it not only facilitates meeting the distance requirement between the excitation filter 225 and the excitation fiber 71, but also facilitates the installation and removal of the excitation filter 225. This allows the excitation filter 225 to be easily installed and removed after the first frame 25 and the second frame 26 are disassembled.

[0132] When the first support 23 includes the aforementioned first frame 25 and second frame 26, the aforementioned emission through hole 252 penetrates through the first frame 25 and the second frame 26. At this time, the emission through hole 252 is divided into two segments, namely the first hole segment 253 located on the first frame 25 and the second hole segment 263 located on the second frame 26. The first hole segment 253 and the second hole segment 263 are connected sequentially along the light transmission direction of the emission light path 222, so that the excited fluorescence can pass through the first hole segment 253 and the second hole segment 263 sequentially and reach the emission lens 228.

[0133] The first frame 25 can completely or partially block the second frame 26. When the first frame 25 completely blocks the second frame 26, in order to ensure that the excitation light can be transmitted smoothly from the excitation module 223 without being blocked by the first frame 25, see [reference needed]. Figure 13-17 In some embodiments, the first frame 25 is provided with an excitation through-hole 251, which corresponds one-to-one with the excitation module 223. The excitation module 223 transmits light outward through the excitation through-hole 251. The excitation through-hole 251 can remove the obstruction of the excitation module 223 by the first frame 25, allowing the excitation light emitted from the excitation module 223 to pass through the first frame 25 via the excitation through-hole 251 and be successfully transmitted to the sample. It can be understood that the excitation through-hole 251 is located downstream of the excitation filter 225 along the light transmission direction of the excitation module 223, and is used to realize the transmission of light from the excitation filter 225 to the excitation optical fiber 71.

[0134] As an example of the second support 24, such as Figure 5-8 As shown, in some embodiments, the second support 24 includes a third support 27 and a fourth support 28, which are arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction of the emission light path 222 and are detachably connected to each other. The excitation lens 226 and the emission lens 228 are both disposed on the third support 27, and the emission filter 227 is disposed on the fourth support 28. This not only facilitates meeting the distance requirements between the excitation lens 226 and the excitation filter 225, between the emission lens 228 and the emission filter 227, and between the emission filter 227 and the photoelectric conversion element 61, but also facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the excitation lens 226, the emission lens 228, and the emission filter 227.

[0135] In some embodiments, when the first support 23 includes a first frame 25 and a second frame 26, and the second support 24 includes a third frame 27 and a fourth frame 28, the second frame 26 and the third frame 27 are detachably connected, making the first support 23 and the second support 24 detachably connected as well. Because the first support 23 and the second support 24 are detachably connected, it facilitates maintenance of the switching mechanism 22, and particularly facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of the excitation lens 226 and the emission lens 228.

[0136] Further, see Figure 5-8 as well as Figure 18-27 In some embodiments, a boss 264 is provided on the surface of the first bracket 23 facing the second bracket 24, and a groove 273 is provided on the surface of the second bracket 24 facing the first bracket 23. The boss 264 and the groove 273 are fitted together. The boss 264 protrudes towards the second bracket 24 relative to the surface of the first bracket 23 facing the second bracket 24; the groove 273 is recessed away from the surface of the second bracket 24 facing the first bracket 23.

[0137] The engagement of the boss 264 and the groove 273 allows for mutual positioning between the first bracket 23 and the second bracket 24, facilitating their detachable connection. Simultaneously, the engagement of the boss 264 and the groove 273 also provides mutual restraint between the first bracket 23 and the second bracket 24, promoting synchronized rotation and improving their rotational synchronicity, thus enhancing the smoothness of light transmission. Furthermore, the boss 264 and the groove 273 facilitate the axial misalignment of the excitation lens 226 and the emission lens 228 along the rotation axis 21, for example, see [reference needed]. Figure 5-8 as well as Figure 18-27 In some embodiments, the excitation lens 226 is arranged on the side of the bottom of the groove 273 near the first support 23, while the emission lens 228 is arranged on the side of the bottom of the groove 273 away from the first support 23. In this way, by utilizing the feature that the surface of the groove 273 facing the first support 23 is recessed relative to the second support 24 in a direction away from the first support 23, the excitation lens 226 and the emission lens 228 can be easily staggered in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 21, reducing crosstalk between light rays and improving detection accuracy.

[0138] As mentioned earlier, in some embodiments, the switching mechanism 22 is provided with excitation through-holes 251 corresponding one-to-one with the excitation module 223. In this case, to further reduce light crosstalk and improve detection accuracy, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 13-17In some embodiments, at least one end of the excitation through-hole 251 is provided with a first light-blocking portion 255. The first light-blocking portion 255 surrounds the periphery of the excitation through-hole 251 and protrudes outward or is recessed inward relative to the excitation through-hole 251. As an example, the first light-blocking portion 255 includes a light-blocking protrusion 257 or a light-blocking groove 268.

[0139] Since the first light-blocking part 255 is disposed at the end of the excitation through hole 251, protruding outward or recessed inward relative to the end of the excitation through hole 251, and surrounding the periphery of the end of the excitation through hole 251, the first light-blocking part 255 can rely on itself or the concave-convex cooperation with other structures to separate the excitation through hole 251 from other light paths or the external environment, thereby playing a role in blocking light, reducing interference between light rays, and improving detection accuracy.

[0140] In some embodiments, when the switching mechanism 22 is provided with both an excitation through-hole 251 and a mounting hole 261 (i.e., an excitation filter mounting hole 262) for accommodating the excitation filter 225, referring to FIG5-22, a first light-blocking portion 255 is provided at one end of the excitation through-hole 251 facing the excitation filter 225, and a light-shielding portion 265 is provided at one end of the mounting hole 261 for accommodating the excitation filter 225 facing the emission through-hole 252. Furthermore, the first light-blocking portion 255 at one end of the excitation through-hole 251 facing the excitation filter 225 and the light-shielding portion 265 at one end of the mounting hole 261 for accommodating the excitation filter 225 facing the excitation through-hole 251 are in concave-convex cooperation.

[0141] The excitation through-hole 251 and the excitation filter mounting hole 262 are directly opposite each other, so that the excitation light can smoothly enter the excitation through-hole 251 through the excitation filter mounting hole 262 and smoothly transmit the filtered excitation light to the sample. The first light-blocking part 255 and the light-shielding part 265 at the opposite ends of the excitation through-hole 251 and the excitation filter mounting hole 262 are set to be concave and convex, that is, one of the corresponding first light-blocking part 255 and the light-shielding part 265 is a protrusion and the other is a groove, and the two are interlocked. In this way, not only can the positioning effect of the interlocking first light-blocking part 255 and the corresponding excitation filter mounting hole 262 be used to strengthen the alignment relationship between the excitation through-hole 251 and the corresponding excitation filter mounting hole 262, improve the collinearity between the two, and improve the smoothness of excitation light transmission, but it can also further reduce the risk of light crosstalk and the difficulty of filtering. All of these are beneficial to improving the accuracy of fluorescence detection. Meanwhile, the concave-convex fit between the first light-blocking part 255 and the light-shielding part 265 also helps to reduce the axial distance between the two relative holes, improving the overall flatness of the structure and the tightness of the fit between the two relative holes. From this perspective, it also helps to reduce light crosstalk and improve detection accuracy.

[0142] Additionally, as mentioned earlier, in some embodiments, the switching mechanism 22 is provided with emission through holes 252 corresponding one-to-one with the emission module 224. In this case, at least one end of the emission through hole 252 is provided with a second light-blocking portion 256, which surrounds the periphery of the emission through hole 252 and protrudes axially outward or axially inward relative to the emission through hole 252. As an example, the second light-blocking portion 256 includes a light-blocking protrusion 257 or a light-blocking groove 268.

[0143] Since the second light-blocking part 256 is disposed at the end of the emission through hole 252, surrounds the periphery of the end of the emission through hole 252, and protrudes outward or is recessed inward relative to the end of the emission through hole 252, the second light-blocking part 256 can, by itself or in cooperation with the concave and convex parts of other structures, separate the emission through hole 252 from other light paths and the external environment, thereby blocking light, reducing interference between light rays, and improving detection accuracy.

[0144] In the case where the emission aperture 252 includes a first aperture segment 253 and a second aperture segment 263 connected sequentially along the light transmission direction of the emission optical path 222, see [reference needed]. Figure 13-22 In some embodiments, at least one end of the first aperture segment 253 and / or at least one end of the second aperture segment 263 is provided with a second light-blocking portion 256. When at least one end of the first aperture segment 253 is provided with a second light-blocking portion 256, interference between light passing through the first aperture segment 253 and other light sources can be reduced, thereby improving detection accuracy. When at least one end of the second aperture segment 263 is provided with a second light-blocking portion 256, interference between light passing through the second aperture segment 263 and other light sources can be reduced, thereby improving detection accuracy.

[0145] For example, see Figure 13-22 In some embodiments, a second light-blocking portion 256 is provided at one end of the first hole segment 253 facing the second hole segment 263, and at the same time, a second light-blocking portion 256 is provided at one end of the second hole segment 263 facing the first hole segment 253, and the second light-blocking portion 256 at one end of the first hole segment 253 facing the second hole segment 263 and the second light-blocking portion 256 at one end of the second hole segment 263 facing the first hole segment 253 are in concave-convex fit.

[0146] The first aperture segment 253 and the second aperture segment 263 are directly opposite each other so that the excited fluorescence passes through the first aperture segment 253 into the second aperture segment 263 and then smoothly reaches the emission module 224. The second light-blocking portions 256 at the opposite ends of the first aperture segment 253 and the second aperture segment 263 are configured to be concave and convex, meaning that one of the two corresponding second light-blocking portions 256 is a light-blocking protrusion 257 and the other is a light-blocking groove 268, which are interlocked. In this way, not only can the positioning effect of the interlocking light-blocking protrusion 257 and the light-blocking groove 268 be used to strengthen the alignment relationship between the first aperture segment 253 and the corresponding second aperture segment 263, improve the collinearity between them, and improve the smoothness of the transmission of excited fluorescence, but it can also further reduce the risk of light crosstalk and the difficulty of filtering. All of these are beneficial to improving the accuracy of fluorescence detection. Meanwhile, the interlocking of the light-blocking protrusion 257 and the light-blocking groove 268 helps to reduce the axial distance between the two relative holes, improving the overall flatness of the structure and the tightness of the fit between the two relative holes. From this perspective, it also helps to reduce light crosstalk and improve detection accuracy.

[0147] Additionally, if the switching mechanism 22 is provided with both an emission through-hole 252 and a mounting hole 261 (i.e., an emission lens mounting hole 272) for accommodating the emission lens 228, see [reference needed]. Figure 5 - 27. In some embodiments, a second light-blocking portion 256 is provided at one end of the emission through-hole 252 facing the emission lens 228. At the same time, a light-shielding portion 265 is provided at one end of the mounting hole 261 for accommodating the emission lens 228 facing the emission through-hole 252. Furthermore, the second light-blocking portion 256 at one end of the emission through-hole 252 facing the emission lens 228 and the light-shielding portion 265 at one end of the mounting hole 261 for accommodating the emission lens 228 facing the emission through-hole 252 are in concave-convex cooperation.

[0148] The emission through-hole 252 and the emission lens mounting hole 272 are directly opposite each other, so that the excited fluorescence can smoothly enter the emission lens mounting hole 272 through the emission through-hole 252 and be focused by the emission lens 228. The second light-blocking part 256 and the light-shielding part 265 at the opposite ends of the emission through-hole 252 and the emission lens mounting hole 272 are configured to be concave and convex, that is, one of the corresponding second light-blocking part 256 and the light-shielding part 265 is a protrusion and the other is a groove, and the two are interlocked. In this way, not only can the positioning effect of the interlocking second light-blocking part 256 and the light-shielding part 265 be used to strengthen the alignment relationship between the emission through-hole 252 and the corresponding emission lens mounting hole 272, improve the collinearity between the two, and improve the transmission smoothness of the excited fluorescence, but it can also further reduce the risk of light crosstalk and the difficulty of filtering. All of these are beneficial to improving the accuracy of fluorescence detection.

[0149] As a further improvement to the foregoing embodiments, see Figure 5-32 The switching mechanism 22 has one of a separating groove 85 and a separating ring 86, and the support 1 has the other of a separating groove 85 and a separating ring 86. The separating ring 86 is inserted into the separating groove 85 to form a separating structure 87. The separating structure 87 is located radially along the rotating shaft 21 between the excitation light path 221 and the emission light path 222 to separate the light transmitted through the excitation light path 221 and the light transmitted through the emission light path 222. Based on this, the separating structure 87 formed by the separating ring 86 and the separating groove 85 can be used to further separate the excitation light and the excited fluorescence, thereby further reducing light crosstalk and improving detection accuracy.

[0150] For example, in some embodiments, the switching mechanism 22 is provided with a separation structure 87 on both sides along the light transmission direction of the excitation light path 221. In this case, the separation structure 87 is provided on both the side where the excitation light is incident and the side where the excitation light is emitted. Therefore, the separation structure 87 can be used on the corresponding sides to reduce crosstalk between the excitation light and the excited fluorescence light, which is more conducive to improving the detection accuracy.

[0151] Next Figure 1-32 The illustrated embodiments are further described below.

[0152] For ease of description, the following description will be based on Figure 1 The orientation and positional relationships shown are used to define "up" and "down", "horizontal", "vertical", "horizontal", and "top" and "bottom" orientations and positional relationships. After this definition, "up", "down", "vertical", and "horizontal" are consistent with the normal operating posture of the fluorescence detection device 100. "Up" is the direction opposite to gravity, and "down" is the direction with the same gravity. Simultaneously, "front" and "back" are defined based on the light transmission direction of the emitting light path 222. "Front" is defined as upstream of the light transmission direction of the emitting light path 222, and "back" is defined as downstream of the light transmission direction of the emitting light path 222. Based on the defined "up", "down", "front", and "back", "left" and "right" are defined.

[0153] like Figure 1-32 As shown, in this embodiment, the fluorescence detection device 100 includes a support 1, a switching device 2, a driving mechanism 3, a light source module 4, an angle detection device 5, a photoelectric conversion element 61, a detection circuit board 62, an excitation fiber 71, and an emission fiber 72. The switching device 2, the driving mechanism 3, the light source module 4, the angle detection device 5, the photoelectric conversion element 61, the detection circuit board 62, the excitation fiber 71, and the emission fiber 72 are all disposed on the support 1.

[0154] The support 1 provides a mounting base for other components of the fluorescence detection device 100. For example... Figure 1 as well as Figure 4-12As shown, in this embodiment, the support 1 includes a first base 11 and a second base 12. The first base 11 and the second base 12 are arranged opposite each other at a distance. The relative arrangement direction of the first base 11 and the second base 12 is the front-to-back direction, and the direction from the first base 11 to the second base 12 is from front to back, which is consistent with the light transmission direction of the light emission path 222. Furthermore, the first base 11 and the second base 12 are connected together by two connecting plates 13 to form a stable and robust support structure. Figure 9-12 As shown, connecting holes 81 are provided on both the left and right surfaces of the first base 11 and the second base 12. Bolts and other fasteners pass through the connecting holes 81 to connect the two connecting plates 13 to the left and right surfaces of the first base 11 and the second base 12 respectively, so as to realize the connection and fixation of the first base 11 and the second base 12 and enhance the structural stability of the support 1.

[0155] Switching device 2 is used to excite and collect different fluorescence. For example... Figure 5-8 As shown, in this embodiment, the switching device 2 includes a rotating shaft 21 and a switching mechanism 22, so as to use the rotation of the switching mechanism 22 around the rotating shaft 21 to complete the switching between different channels.

[0156] The rotating shaft 21 is rotatably mounted on the support 1 and passes through the switching mechanism 22, thereby driving the switching mechanism 22 to rotate as well. Figure 5-12 As shown, in this embodiment, the first base 11 and the second base 12 are respectively provided with a first shaft hole 113 and a second shaft hole 123. The axial ends of the rotating shaft 21 pass through the first shaft hole 113 and the second shaft hole 123 respectively, and are supported by two bearings 29 respectively, so that the axial direction of the rotating shaft 21 is along the horizontal direction (specifically the front-to-back direction), and can rotate flexibly on the support 1. Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the rotating shaft 21 is a stepped shaft, and a radial flange 211 is provided between its two axial ends to facilitate the positioning of the rotating shaft 21.

[0157] The switching mechanism 22 is located between the first base 11 and the second base 12, and the switching mechanism 22 is provided with a through-shaft hole 254, through which the rotating shaft 21 passes. A keyway 259 is provided on the side wall of the through-shaft hole 254, allowing the rotating shaft 21 and the switching mechanism 22 to be connected by a key, thus achieving a driving connection between the rotating shaft 21 and the switching mechanism 22, so that when the rotating shaft 21 rotates, it drives the switching mechanism 22 to rotate together. Using a single rotating shaft 21 to pass through the switching mechanism 22 and drive its rotation improves the rotational synchronization of the switching mechanism 22.

[0158] The switching mechanism 22 is equipped with an excitation light path 221 and an emission light path 222. The excitation light path 221 includes multiple excitation modules 223 arranged on the same circumference, and each excitation module 223 includes an excitation lens 226 and an excitation filter 225, so as to transmit the filtered excitation light of different wavelengths to the sample after collimating and filtering the light emitted by the light source module 4, thereby exciting fluorescence of different intensities. The emission light path 222 includes multiple emission modules 224 arranged on the same circumference, and each emission module 224 includes an emission lens 228 and an emission filter 227, so as to collect and filter the fluorescence of different intensities after excitation, and then transmit the fluorescence of different intensities to the photoelectric conversion element 61 for subsequent analysis and processing, and finally obtain the detection result.

[0159] The drive mechanism 3 provides driving force for the rotation of the switching mechanism 22, and includes a motor 31 and a transmission mechanism 32. The motor 31 is driven to the rotating shaft 21 via the transmission mechanism 32, thus achieving a drive connection between the drive mechanism 3 and the rotating shaft 21. This allows the drive mechanism 3 to drive the rotating shaft 21 to rotate, thereby driving the switching mechanism 22 to rotate. Specifically, in this embodiment, as... Figure 4-9 As shown, the first base 11 has a fixing groove 114, in which the motor 31 is fixed. The output shaft of the motor 31 passes through the fixing groove 114 and extends to the side of the first base 11 away from the second base 12 (i.e., the front side), where it is driven and connected to the transmission mechanism 32. The transmission mechanism 32 is a belt drive mechanism, which includes a first pulley 33, a second pulley 34, and a belt 35. The first pulley 33 is driven and connected to the output shaft of the motor 31. The second pulley 34 is arranged above the first pulley 33, driven and connected to the rotating shaft 21, and driven and connected to the first pulley 33 via the belt 35. In this way, when the motor 31 rotates, it can transmit torque to the rotating shaft 21 in sequence through the first pulley 33, the belt 35, and the second pulley 34, thereby driving the rotating shaft 21 and the switching mechanism 22 to rotate, realizing the switching between different channels. In this embodiment, the belt 35 is a round toothed high-torque belt. The round toothed high torque belt has high torque transmission performance and long service life. Therefore, using the round toothed high torque belt as belt 35 is beneficial to better drive the switching mechanism 22 to rotate and reduce maintenance costs.

[0160] The angle detection device 5 is used to detect the rotation angle of the switching mechanism 22, so as to facilitate the control of the rotation process of the switching mechanism 22. For example... Figure 1 as well as Figure 6-8 As shown, in this embodiment, the angle detection device 5 includes a trigger 51 and a phototube 52. The trigger 51 is disposed on the rotating shaft 21 and rotates with the rotating shaft 21. The phototube 52 is disposed on the second base 12 and does not rotate with the rotating shaft 21. Specifically, as shown... Figure 11As shown, in this embodiment, the trigger 51 is disposed at the end of the rotating shaft 21 extending from the second base 12. The second base 12 has a fastening hole 82. The fastening hole 82 on the second base 12 is arranged below the second shaft hole 123 of the second base 12 and is used to fix the phototube 52. The phototube 52 has a trigger groove 53. During the rotation of the trigger 51, when it passes the trigger groove 53, it triggers the phototube 52, generating an electrical signal, thereby detecting the rotation angle of the switching mechanism 22. In this embodiment, each time the trigger 51 triggers the phototube 52, it means that the switching mechanism 22 has rotated a full revolution, that is, each channel has worked once. Thus, the detection result of the angle detection device 5 can serve as a marker for whether a round of detection has been completed, so as to control whether the motor 31 is reset and ready for the next round of detection.

[0161] The photoelectric conversion element 61 converts the fluorescence signal collected by the switching device 2 into an electrical signal and transmits it to the detection circuit board 62. The detection circuit board 62 is electrically connected to the photoelectric conversion element 61 to analyze the electrical signal transmitted by the photoelectric conversion element 61 and obtain the detection result. Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, both the photoelectric conversion element 61 and the detection circuit board 62 are disposed on the second base 12. Specifically, in conjunction with Figure 5 as well as Figure 11 As can be seen, in this embodiment, the second base 12 is provided with a placement groove 122. The photoelectric conversion element 61 is disposed in the placement groove 122. The detection circuit board 62 is soldered to the side of the photoelectric conversion element 61 away from the second base 12 and is fixedly connected to the second base 12 to achieve installation and fixation, as well as electrical connection with the photoelectric conversion element 61. The aforementioned angle detection device 5 is also electrically connected to the detection circuit board 62 to transmit the angle detection result to the detection circuit board 62 for analysis and processing.

[0162] Excitation fiber 71 is used to transmit the excitation light from switching device 2 to the sample. Emitting fiber 72 is used to transmit the excited fluorescence from the sample to switching device 2. For example... Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, both the excitation fiber 71 and the emission fiber 72 are connected to the support 1. Specifically, in conjunction with... Figure 4 and Figure 9As can be seen, in this embodiment, the first base 11 of the support 1 is provided with an output port 111 and an input port 112. One end of the excitation fiber 71 and one end of the transmission fiber 72 are respectively fixed in the output port 111 and the input port 112 to realize the installation and fixation of the excitation fiber 71 and the transmission fiber 72 on the support 1. Since the excitation fiber 71 is fixed on the support 1 and does not rotate with the switching mechanism 22, the excitation fiber 71 can be alternately aligned with each excitation module 223 on each switching mechanism 22 during the rotation of the switching mechanism 22, so as to alternately transmit the light transmitted by each excitation module 223 outward. Since the transmission fiber 72 is fixed on the support 1 and does not rotate with the switching mechanism 22, the transmission fiber 72 can be alternately aligned with each transmission module 224 on each switching mechanism 22 during the rotation of the switching mechanism 22, so as to alternately transmit the light to each transmission module 224.

[0163] The light source module 4 is used to provide excitation light for the switching device 2. It includes a light source 41, a heat dissipation device 42, a light source circuit board 45, a light source lens 46, a mounting plate 47, a fixing block 48, and a light source optical fiber 73.

[0164] Light source 41 is used to generate excitation light. In this embodiment, light source 41 is a full-spectrum light source and is electrically connected to light source circuit board 45.

[0165] The heat dissipation device 42 is used to dissipate heat from the light source 41 and the light source circuit board 45, thereby improving the stability of the performance of the light source 41 and the light source circuit board 45. In this embodiment, the heat dissipation device 42 includes a heat sink 43 and a fan 44. The heat sink 43 and the fan 44 are arranged on opposite sides of the light source circuit board 45. The light source 41 is fixed to the surface of the light source circuit board 45 facing the heat sink 43 and extends into the light source slot 49 of the heat sink 43, so that the heat sink 43 can dissipate heat from the light source 41 and provide a closed optical path for the light source 41. The fan 44 is provided with fixing holes 83, and fasteners such as bolts pass through the corresponding fixing holes 83 to fix the fan 44 to the surface of the light source circuit board 45 away from the heat sink 43, so that the fan 44 can dissipate heat from the light source 41 and the light source circuit board 45, thereby improving the stability of the performance of the light source 41 and the light source circuit board 45.

[0166] Mounting plate 47 is located on the side of heat sink 43 away from light source circuit board 45, and is used to fix heat sink 43. Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the mounting plate 47 is provided with connecting holes 81. Bolts and other fasteners pass through the connecting holes 81 on the mounting plate 47 to secure the heat sink 43 and the mounting plate 47, thereby fixing the heat sink 43 on the mounting plate 47. In addition, the mounting plate 47 is also provided with fixing holes 83 to connect the mounting plate 47 to the support 1, thereby fixing the light source module 4 on the support 1. Specifically, returning to... Figure 1 In this embodiment, the support 1 further includes a mounting bracket 15, which is connected to the first base 11 to connect the first base 11 to the structural components supporting the fluorescence detection device 100 (e.g., the base mentioned later). The mounting plate 47 is fixed to the mounting bracket 15 via fixing holes 83 thereon to achieve the mounting and fixing of the light source module 4 on the support 1. Furthermore, the mounting plate 47 and the first base 11 are arranged side-by-side on the mounting bracket 15 in the vertical direction, which allows the light source module 4 and the switching mechanism 22 to be arranged side-by-side in the vertical direction; that is, the light source module 4 and the switching mechanism 22 are arranged side-by-side in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 21. At this time, the light source module 4 is fixed below the switching mechanism 22 and is independently separated from the switching mechanism 22, which can effectively reduce the impact of the heat generated by the light source 41 on the performance of the optical elements (e.g., filters) on the switching mechanism 22, thereby improving detection accuracy.

[0167] The light source lens 46 is used to collimate the light emitted from the light source 41. For example... Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the light source lens 46 is disposed in the mounting plate 47. Thus, the light source lens 46 is located downstream of the light source 41 along the direction of the light emitted by the light source 41, which facilitates the collimation of the light emitted by the light source 41.

[0168] A fixing block 48 is connected to the side of the mounting plate 47 away from the light source 41 and is used to mount the light source optical fiber 73. The light source optical fiber 73 connects the light source module 4 and the switching device 2. Its first end extends into the fixing block 48 and is secured by a fastener inserted into a fastening hole 82 on the side of the fixing block 48. Its second end is connected to the second base 12 to transmit the light emitted by the light source 41 to the switching mechanism 22, providing excitation light for the switching mechanism 22. Figure 1 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As can be seen, in this embodiment, the second base 12 is provided with a light inlet 121, and the second end of the light source optical fiber 73 extends into the light inlet 121 and is fixed by a fixing member inserted into the fixing hole 83 located on the top surface of the second base 12, so as to realize the installation and fixation of the light source optical fiber 73 on the second base 12. Since the light source optical fiber 73 is fixed on the support 1 and does not rotate with the switching mechanism 22, the light source optical fiber 73 can be alternately aligned with each excitation module 223 on each switching mechanism 22 during the rotation of the switching mechanism 22, so as to alternately transmit light to each excitation module 223.

[0169] When the fluorescence detection device 100 of this embodiment is working, the motor 31 of the drive mechanism 3 drives the rotating shaft 21 to rotate through the first pulley 33, the belt 35, and the second pulley 34. This, in turn, drives the first frame 25, the second frame 26, the third frame 27, and the fourth frame 28 to rotate together with the rotating shaft 21, thus facilitating the switching between channels. During each switch, the outer ring excitation module 223 aligns with the light source fiber 73 and the excitation fiber 71, successfully completing the incident and emitted excitation light. Simultaneously, the inner ring emission module 224 aligns with the emission fiber 72 and the photoelectric conversion element 61, successfully completing the incident and emitted excited fluorescence.

[0170] In the above process, since the switching mechanism 22 achieves the switching between different channels by rotating around the horizontal axis, the impact during the movement is small and the sudden stress is small. Therefore, the motor 31 is not prone to step distortion and has high reliability. Furthermore, since the excitation fiber 71, the emission fiber 72 and the light source fiber 73 are all stationary and do not rotate with the switching mechanism 22, they are not easy to bend and have a long service life.

[0171] Meanwhile, since all channels can share a single light source 41 and a photoelectric conversion element 61, the number of components is reduced, the structure is simpler, the size is smaller, and the cost is lower.

[0172] The structure of the switching mechanism 22 and the arrangement characteristics of the excitation module 223 and the emission module 224 on the switching mechanism 22 will be further described next.

[0173] like Figure 5-32 As shown, in this embodiment, the switching mechanism 22 is disposed between the first base 11 and the second base 12, and includes a first frame 25, a second frame 26, a third frame 27, and a fourth frame 28. The first frame 25, the second frame 26, the third frame 27, and the fourth frame 28 are connected sequentially along the light transmission direction of the transmitting module 224 (which is also the direction from the first base 11 to the second base 12).

[0174] The first frame 25, the second frame 26, the third frame 27, and the fourth frame 28 are all circular and concentric with the rotating shaft 21, making the switching mechanism 22 circular in shape and concentric with the rotating shaft 21. In this configuration, the radial, circumferential, and axial directions of the switching mechanism 22 are aligned with the radial, circumferential, and axial directions of the rotating shaft 21, respectively. Furthermore, each of the first frame 25, the second frame 26, the third frame 27, and the fourth frame 28 has a through-shaft hole 254 at its center, and each through-shaft hole 254 has a keyway 259 on its sidewall, allowing the rotating shaft 21 to pass through the switching mechanism 22 and connect with it via a key, thus driving the switching mechanism 22 to rotate together.

[0175] First, the connection relationship between the first frame 25, the second frame 26, the third frame 27, and the fourth frame 28 will be introduced.

[0176] The first frame 25 is rotatably mounted relative to the first base 11 and detachably connected to the second frame 26. Specifically, as... Figure 5-8 as well as Figure 13-17 As shown, a plurality of fastening holes 82 are evenly arranged around the through-hole 254 on the first frame 25. These fastening holes 82 correspond to the radial flange 211 of the rotating shaft 21, allowing the rotating shaft 21 to pass through the through-hole 254 on the first frame 25, and to achieve a fixed connection with the first frame 25 through the engagement of the radial flange 211 with the fastening holes 82 on the first frame 25, thereby facilitating the synchronous rotation of the first frame 25 by the rotating shaft 21. Meanwhile, as... Figure 5 As shown, the first base 11 is provided with a fitting groove 116, and the first frame 25 is embedded in the fitting groove 116, so that the first frame 25 is embedded in the first base 11 and can rotate relative to the first base 11. Since the first frame 25 is embedded in the first base 11, the space occupied by the switching mechanism 22 can be reduced, thus helping to reduce the overall size of the fluorescence detection device 100. In addition, as Figure 13-17 As shown, in this embodiment, the first frame 25 is also provided with a connecting hole 81. The connecting hole 81 on the first frame 25 is arranged radially outside the fastening hole 82. Fasteners such as bolts pass through the connecting hole 81 on the first frame 25 to connect the first frame 25 and the second frame 26 together, realizing a detachable connection between the first frame 25 and the second frame 26.

[0177] The second frame 26 is detachably connected between the first frame 25 and the third frame 27, so that it rotates synchronously with the first frame 25 and the third frame 27 along with the rotating shaft 21. For example, Figure 18-22 As shown, in this embodiment, the second frame 26 is provided with a fastening hole 82 that mates with the connecting hole 81 on the first frame 25, so as to facilitate the passage of fasteners and realize a detachable connection between the second frame 26 and the first frame 25. The outer diameter of the second frame 26 is approximately equal to the outer diameter of the first frame 25 and the third frame 27.

[0178] The third frame 27 is detachably connected between the second frame 26 and the fourth frame 28, so that it rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 21 together with the second frame 26 and the fourth frame 28. In this embodiment, to achieve the detachable connection between the third frame 27 and the second frame 26, as follows: Figure 23-27 As shown, the third frame 27 has a groove 273 at its center. The groove 273 is recessed relative to the surface of the third frame 27 facing the second frame 26 in a direction away from the second frame 26. Correspondingly, as... Figure 18-22Therefore, the second frame 26 has a boss 264 at its center. The boss 264 protrudes towards the third frame 27 relative to the surface of the second frame 26 facing the third frame 27. The boss 264 fits into the groove 273. Simultaneously, the third frame 27 has a connecting hole 81 corresponding to the fastening hole 82 on the second frame 26, allowing fasteners to pass through the connecting hole 81 on the third frame 27 and the fastening hole 82 on the second frame 26, thus connecting the third frame 27 and the second frame 26. This allows for a detachable connection between the third frame 27 and the second frame 26. The through-hole 254 on the third frame 27 penetrates the boss 264. The through-hole 254 on the second frame 26 penetrates the bottom of the groove 273.

[0179] The fourth frame 28 is detachably connected to the third frame 27 and is rotatably mounted relative to the second base 12. Specifically, as... Figure 28-32 As shown, the fourth frame 28 is provided with two fastening holes 82, correspondingly, as Figure 23-27 As shown, the surface of the third frame 27 facing the fourth frame 28 has two corresponding fastening holes 82. Bolts and other fasteners pass through the fastening holes 82 on the fourth frame 28 and the third frame 27, realizing a detachable connection between the fourth frame 28 and the third frame 27. Additionally, as... Figure 6-8 As shown, in this embodiment, the fourth frame 28 is embedded in the second base 12, allowing the fourth frame 28 to rotate relative to the second base 12, thus reducing space occupation and decreasing the volume of the fluorescence detection device 100. Wherein, as... Figure 5 As shown, the outer diameter of the fourth frame 28 is smaller than the outer diameter of the third frame 27.

[0180] The arrangement features of the excitation module 223 and the emission module 224 on the switching mechanism 22 will be described next.

[0181] like Figure 5-8 as well as Figure 13-32 As shown, in this embodiment, the excitation module 223 and the emission module 224 are disposed on the second frame 26, the third frame 27, and the fourth frame 28. Meanwhile, the first frame 25 has excitation through-holes 251 corresponding to each excitation module 223, and the first frame 25 and the second frame 26 have emission through-holes 252 corresponding to each emission module 224. All excitation modules 223 are located radially outside all emission modules 224, and there is an angular difference between the corresponding excitation modules 223 and emission modules 224. Correspondingly, all excitation through-holes 251 are located radially outside all emission through-holes 252, and there is an angular difference between the corresponding excitation through-holes 251 and emission through-holes 252.

[0182] Specifically, such as Figure 13-17As shown, in this embodiment, the first frame 25 is provided with six excitation through holes 251 and six first aperture segments 253. The six excitation through holes 251 are arranged at intervals on a first circumference closer to the outer edge of the first frame 25, and each excitation through hole 251 penetrates the first frame 25 to connect each excitation module 223 to the light outlet 111 on the first base 11, facilitating the smooth transmission of excitation light. The six first aperture segments 253 are arranged at intervals on a second circumference closer to the center of the first frame 25, and each first aperture segment 253 penetrates the first frame 25 to connect each emission module 224 to the light inlet 112 on the first base 11, facilitating the smooth transmission of excited fluorescence. The first aperture segments 253 constitute the portion of the emission through holes 252 located on the first frame 25. The first circumference is located radially outside the second circumference. Specifically, the second circumference is located between the first circumference and the circumference containing the fastening holes 82 on the first frame 25. Thus, all excitation vias 251 are located radially outside all first hole segments 253, meaning that the excitation optical path 221 and the emission optical path 222 can be completely offset radially, reducing light crosstalk. The six excitation vias 251 correspond one-to-one with the six first hole segments 253, and each excitation via 251 and its corresponding first hole segment 253 are not directly opposite each other circumferentially, but rather staggered. This means that the excitation module 223 and the corresponding emission module 224 are completely offset circumferentially, effectively reducing light crosstalk. Because the excitation optical path 221 and the emission optical path 222 are completely offset radially, it is convenient to arrange more excitation modules 223 and emission modules 224 to achieve switching of more channels.

[0183] like Figure 18-22As shown, in this embodiment, the second frame 26 is provided with six excitation filter mounting holes 262 and six second hole segments 263. The six excitation filter mounting holes 262 are arranged at intervals on a first circumference. The first circumference is located radially outside the boss 264 on the second frame 26. The six excitation filter mounting holes 262 are aligned one-to-one with the six excitation through holes 251 on the first frame 25. Each excitation filter mounting hole 262 penetrates the portion of the second frame 26 located radially outside the boss 264, so as to communicate with its corresponding excitation through hole 251 and the excitation lens mounting hole 271 mentioned later, to facilitate the smooth transmission of excitation light. Each excitation filter mounting hole 262 is provided with an excitation filter 225 to realize the installation and fixation of the excitation filters 225 of each excitation module 223 on the second frame 26. The six second hole segments 263 are arranged at intervals on a second circumference. The second circumference is located on the boss 264. Six second aperture segments 263 are aligned one-to-one with the six first aperture segments 253 on the aforementioned first frame 25. Each second aperture segment 263 penetrates the second frame 26 and the boss 264 on the second frame 26, respectively, to communicate with its corresponding first aperture segment 253 and the emission lens mounting hole 272 mentioned later, facilitating the smooth transmission of the excited fluorescence. The second aperture segments 263 constitute the portion of the emission through-hole 252 located on the second frame 26.

[0184] like Figure 23-27As shown, in this embodiment, the third frame 27 is provided with six excitation lens mounting holes 271 and six emission lens mounting holes 272. The six excitation lens mounting holes 271 are arranged at intervals on the first circumference and are aligned with the six excitation filter mounting holes 262 on the second frame 26. Each excitation lens mounting hole 271 penetrates the third frame 27 to communicate with the light inlet 121 on the second base 12 and each excitation filter mounting hole 262 on the second frame 26, facilitating the smooth transmission of excitation light. Each excitation lens mounting hole 271 is provided with an excitation lens 226 to realize the installation and fixation of the excitation lens 226 of each excitation module 223 on the third frame 27. The six emission lens mounting holes 272 are arranged at intervals on the second circumference and are aligned with the six second holes 263 on the second frame 26. Each emitting lens mounting hole 272 penetrates the third frame 27 to communicate with its corresponding second aperture segment 263 and the emitting filter mounting hole 281 mentioned later, facilitating the smooth transmission of the excited fluorescence. Each emitting lens mounting hole 272 contains an emitting lens 228 to enable the emitting lenses 228 of each emitting module 224 to be mounted and fixed on the third frame 27. The excitation lens 226 is arranged close to the surface of the third frame 27 facing the second frame 26, and the emitting lens 228 is arranged close to the surface of the third frame 27 facing the fourth frame 28, ensuring that the excitation lens 226 and the emitting lens 228 are completely offset axially to reduce light crosstalk.

[0185] like Figure 28-32 As shown, in this embodiment, the fourth frame 28 is provided with six emission filter mounting holes 281. These six emission filter mounting holes 281 are arranged at intervals on the second circumference and are aligned one-to-one with the six emission lens mounting holes 272 on the third frame 27. Each emission filter mounting hole 281 penetrates the fourth frame 28 to connect the photoelectric conversion element 61 with the corresponding emission lens mounting hole 272 on the third frame 27, facilitating the smooth transmission of excited fluorescence. Each emission filter mounting hole 281 contains an emission filter 227 to enable the emission filters 227 of each emission module 224 to be mounted and fixed on the fourth frame 28.

[0186] Based on the above configuration, the excitation optical path 221 and the emission optical path 222 are completely offset radially, and the excitation module 223 of the excitation optical path 221 and the emission module 224 of the corresponding emission optical path 222 are completely offset circumferentially. At the same time, the excitation lens 226 of the excitation module 223 and the emission lens 228 of the emission module 224 are completely offset axially. This can effectively reduce crosstalk between light rays and improve detection accuracy.

[0187] Furthermore, this embodiment further reduces crosstalk between light rays and improves detection accuracy by providing a light-shielding structure in the fluorescence detection device 100. The light-shielding structure includes a light-blocking protrusion 257, a light-blocking groove 268, a light-shielding protrusion 266, and a light-shielding groove 267.

[0188] Specifically, such as Figure 13-17 As shown, in this embodiment, each excitation through-hole 251 has a light-blocking protrusion 257 at one end facing the second frame 26 (i.e., the rear end of the excitation through-hole 251) and each first hole segment 253 has a light-blocking protrusion 257 at one end facing the second frame 26 (i.e., the rear end of the first hole segment 253). The light-blocking protrusion 257 at the rear end of the excitation through-hole 251 and the light-blocking protrusion 257 at the rear end of the first hole segment 253 both protrude towards the second frame 26 relative to the surface of the first frame 25 facing the second frame 26, and respectively encircle the outer side of the rear end of the excitation through-hole 251 and the rear end of the first hole segment 253.

[0189] like Figure 18-22 As shown, in this embodiment, each excitation filter mounting hole 262 has a light-shielding groove 267 at both axial ends. The light-shielding groove 267 at the end of the excitation filter mounting hole 262 facing the first frame 25 (i.e., the front end of the excitation filter mounting hole 262) is recessed relative to the surface of the second frame 26 facing the first frame 25 in a direction away from the first frame 25, and surrounds the outer side of the front end of the excitation filter mounting hole 262. The light-shielding groove 267 at the end of the excitation filter mounting hole 262 facing the third frame 27 (i.e., the rear end of the excitation filter mounting hole 262) is recessed relative to the surface of the second frame 26 facing the third frame 27 in a direction away from the third frame 27, and surrounds the outer side of the rear end of the excitation filter mounting hole 262. Furthermore, each second segment 263 has a light-blocking groove 268 at one end facing the first frame 25 (i.e., the front end of the second segment 263), and a light-blocking protrusion 257 at one end facing the third frame 27 (i.e., the rear end of the second segment 263). The light-blocking groove 268 at the front end of the second segment 263 is recessed away from the first frame 25 relative to the surface of the second frame 26 facing the first frame 25, and surrounds the outer side of the front end of the second segment 263. The light-blocking protrusion 257 at the rear end of the second segment 263 protrudes towards the third frame 27 relative to the surface of the second frame 26 facing the third frame 27, and surrounds the outer side of the rear end of the second segment 263.

[0190] like Figure 23-27As shown, in this embodiment, each excitation lens mounting hole 271 has a light-shielding protrusion 266 at one end facing the second frame 26 (i.e., the front end of the excitation lens mounting hole 271). The light-shielding protrusion 266 at the front end of the excitation lens mounting hole 271 protrudes towards the second frame 26 relative to the surface of the third frame 27 facing the second frame 26, and surrounds the outer side of the front end of the excitation lens mounting hole 271. Furthermore, each emission lens mounting hole 272 has a light-shielding groove 267 at one end facing the second frame 26 (i.e., the front end of the emission lens mounting hole 272), and a light-shielding protrusion 266 at one end facing the fourth frame 28 (i.e., the rear end of the emission lens mounting hole 272). The light-shielding groove 267 at the front end of the emission lens mounting hole 272 is recessed away from the second frame 26 relative to the bottom of the groove 273 on the third frame 27, and surrounds the outer side of the front end of the emission lens mounting hole 272. The light-shielding protrusion 266 at the rear end of the emitting lens mounting hole 272 protrudes towards the fourth frame 28 relative to the surface of the third frame 27 facing the fourth frame 28, and encircles the outer side of the rear end of the emitting lens mounting hole 272.

[0191] like Figure 28-32 As shown, in this embodiment, each emission filter mounting hole 281 has a light-shielding groove 267 at one end facing the third frame 27 (i.e., the front end of the emission filter mounting hole 281). The light-shielding groove 267 at the front end of the emission filter mounting hole 281 is recessed relative to the surface of the fourth frame 28 facing the third frame 27 towards the surface away from the third frame 27, and surrounds the entire outer side of the front end of the emission filter mounting hole 281.

[0192] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the excitation through-hole 251 has a light-blocking protrusion 257 only at its rear end, the first hole segment 253 has a light-blocking protrusion 257 only at its rear end, the excitation filter mounting hole 262 has light-blocking grooves 267 at both its front and rear ends, the second hole segment 263 has a light-blocking groove 268 and a light-blocking protrusion 257 at its front and rear ends respectively, the excitation lens mounting hole 271 has a light-blocking protrusion 266 only at its front end, the emission lens mounting hole 272 has a light-blocking groove 267 and a light-blocking protrusion 266 at both its front and rear ends respectively, and the emission filter mounting hole 281 has a light-blocking groove 267 only at its front end. Among these grooves and protrusions, the grooves and protrusions that are opposite to each other fit together to form a concave-convex fit relationship.

[0193] Specifically, the light-blocking protrusion 257 at the rear end of the excitation through-hole 251 is embedded in the light-blocking groove 267 at the front end of the excitation filter mounting hole 262, so that the light-blocking protrusion 257 at the rear end of the excitation through-hole 251 can block light not only between the excitation through-hole 251 and the first hole segment 253, but also between the excitation filter mounting hole 262 and the second hole segment 263. Similarly, the light-blocking protrusion 257 at the rear end of the first hole segment 253 is embedded in the light-blocking groove 268 at the front end of the second hole segment 263, so that the light-blocking protrusion 257 at the rear end of the first hole segment 253 can block light not only between the excitation through-hole 251 and the first hole segment 253, but also between the first excitation filter mounting hole 263 and the second hole segment 263. Based on this, not only can crosstalk during light transmission in the first frame 25 and the second frame 26 be reduced more effectively, but the alignment between the excitation through hole 251 and the excitation filter mounting hole 262, as well as between the first hole segment 253 and the second hole segment 263, can also be improved, and the rotational synchronization between the first frame 25 and the second frame 26 can be improved. All of these are beneficial to improving detection accuracy.

[0194] The light-shielding protrusion 266 at the front end of the excitation lens mounting hole 271 is embedded in the light-shielding groove 267 at the rear end of the excitation filter mounting hole 262. This allows the light-shielding protrusion 266 at the front end of the excitation lens mounting hole 271 to block light not only between the excitation lens mounting hole 271 and the emission lens mounting hole 272, but also between the excitation filter mounting hole 262 and the second aperture segment 263. The light-blocking protrusion 257 at the rear end of the second aperture segment 263 is embedded in the light-shielding groove 267 at the front end of the emission lens mounting hole 272. This allows the light-blocking protrusion 257 at the rear end of the second aperture segment 263 to block light not only between the excitation filter mounting hole 262 and the second aperture segment 263, but also between the excitation lens mounting hole 271 and the emission lens mounting hole 272. Based on this, not only can crosstalk during light transmission in the second frame 26 and the third frame 27 be reduced more effectively, but the alignment between the excitation filter mounting hole 262 and the excitation lens mounting hole 271, as well as between the second aperture segment 263 and the emission lens mounting hole 272, can also be improved, and the rotational synchronization between the second frame 26 and the third frame 27 can be enhanced. All of these are beneficial to improving detection accuracy.

[0195] The light-shielding protrusion 266 at the rear end of the emitting lens mounting hole 272 is embedded in the light-shielding groove 267 at the front end of the emitting filter mounting hole 281. This allows the light-shielding protrusion 266 at the rear end of the emitting lens mounting hole 272 to not only shield the light between the emitting lens mounting hole 272 and the excitation lens mounting hole 271, reducing crosstalk during light transmission in the third frame 27 and the fourth frame 28, but also to improve the alignment between the emitting lens mounting hole 272 and the excitation lens mounting hole 271, and to improve the rotational synchronization between the third frame 27 and the fourth frame 28. All of these factors contribute to improving detection accuracy.

[0196] As can be seen, the grooves or protrusions at the ends of each hole can enhance the alignment between holes, improve the rotational synchronization between the frames, reduce the risk of light crosstalk and the difficulty of filtering, and improve the accuracy of detection.

[0197] In addition, such as Figure 5-32 As shown, in this embodiment, the light-shielding structure includes, in addition to the aforementioned light-blocking protrusions 257, light-blocking grooves 268, light-shielding protrusions 266 and light-shielding grooves 267, two partition structures 87 located between the switching mechanism 22 and the first seat 11 and between the switching mechanism 22 and the second seat 12, respectively.

[0198] The partition structure 87 located between the switching mechanism 22 and the first base 11 includes a partition groove 85 on the first base 11 and a partition ring 86 on the first frame 25. Specifically, as... Figure 9 As shown, the partition groove 85 on the first base 11 is located at the bottom of the fitting groove 116 of the first base 11, and is recessed in a direction away from the first frame 25 relative to the bottom of the fitting groove 116. Accordingly, as Figure 13-17 As shown, the dividing ring 86 on the first frame 25 is located on the surface of the first frame 25 facing the first base 11, protruding towards the first base 11 relative to the surface of the first frame 25 facing the first base 11. The dividing ring 86 on the first frame 25 engages with the dividing groove 85 on the first base 11, allowing the switching mechanism 22 to rotate relative to the first base 11. Furthermore, as... Figure 13As shown, in the radial direction, the separator ring 86 on the first frame 25 is located between the excitation through hole 251 and the first hole segment 253, such that the separator ring 86 on the first frame 25 is located between the excitation optical path 221 and the emission optical path 222, that is, the separator structure 87 is located between the excitation optical path 221 and the emission optical path 222. In this way, when the separator ring 86 on the first frame 25 is embedded in the separator groove 85 on the first base 11, the separator ring 86 on the first frame 25 can further separate the excitation optical path 221 and the emission optical path 222, and can also supplement the separation of the light emitted from the excitation optical path 221 to the excitation fiber 71 and the light emitted from the emission fiber 72 to the emission optical path 222. Therefore, the risk of crosstalk when the light is transmitted near the sample side of the switching mechanism 22 can be further reduced, effectively improving the detection accuracy.

[0199] The partition structure 87 located between the switching mechanism 22 and the second base 12 includes a partition ring 86 on the second base 12 and a partition groove 85 on the third frame 27. Specifically, as Figure 11 As shown, the partition ring 86 on the second base 12 is located at the bottom of the receiving groove 124 of the second base 12, protruding towards the fourth frame 28 relative to the bottom of the receiving groove 124. The receiving groove 124 of the second base 12 is used to receive the third frame 27, so that the third frame 27 is embedded in the second base 12, reducing space occupation and volume. The partition ring 86 and the bottom of the receiving groove 124 form a holding groove 125, which is used to receive the fourth frame 28, so that the fourth frame 28 is fitted on the second base 12, reducing space occupation and volume. Of course, the fitting of the third frame 27 and the fourth frame 28 with the second base 12 does not affect the rotation of the switching mechanism 22 relative to the support 1. Figure 23-27 As shown, the dividing groove 85 on the third frame 27 is located on the surface of the third frame 27 facing the second base 12, and is recessed in a direction away from the second base 12 relative to the surface of the third frame 27 facing the second base 12. The dividing ring 86 on the second base 12 engages with the dividing groove 85 on the third frame 27, allowing the switching mechanism 22 to rotate relative to the second base 12. Furthermore, as... Figure 24As shown, in the radial direction, the partition groove 85 on the third frame 27 is located between the excitation lens mounting hole 271 and the emission lens mounting hole 272, such that the partition groove 85 on the third frame 27 is located between the excitation light path 221 and the emission light path 222, that is, the corresponding partition structure 87 is located between the excitation light path 221 and the emission light path 222. In this way, when the partition ring 86 on the second base 12 is embedded in the partition groove 85 on the third frame 27, the partition ring 86 on the second base 12 can further separate the excitation light path 221 and the emission light path 222, and can also supplement the separation of the light emitted from the light source module 4 to the excitation module 223 and the light emitted from the emission module 224 to the photoelectric conversion element 61. Therefore, the risk of crosstalk when the light is transmitted on the side away from the sample (i.e., the side closer to the light source module 4) of the switching mechanism 22 can be further reduced, effectively improving the detection accuracy.

[0200] It is evident that the two separation structures 87 can further reduce light crosstalk on both sides of the switching mechanism 22, thus helping to further improve detection accuracy.

[0201] In summary, the fluorescence detection device 100 of this embodiment is not only compact and small in structure, but also capable of efficiently and accurately completing the multi-channel fluorescence detection process.

[0202] Based on the fluorescence detection device 100 in the foregoing embodiments, this application also provides a detection device and a detection system.

[0203] The detection equipment includes a base (not shown in the figure) and a fluorescence detection device 100 according to any embodiment of this application. The fluorescence detection device 100 is disposed on the base. Specifically, in some embodiments, the fluorescence detection device 100 is connected to the base via a mounting bracket 15 to achieve the installation and fixation of the fluorescence detection device 100 on the base.

[0204] The detection system includes a microfluidic chip 9, and also includes a fluorescence detection device 100 or detection equipment according to any embodiment of this application. The excitation optical path 221 is used to transmit light to the microfluidic chip 9 to excite the fluorescent material in the microfluidic chip 9 to generate fluorescence. The emission optical path 222 is used to collect the fluorescence generated in the microfluidic chip 9 after excitation.

[0205] A microfluidic chip is a component that integrates multiple experimental steps. It is generally equipped with tiny channels and chambers arranged in a certain pattern. Different reagents are released in a certain order and flow into the designated chambers through different channels to complete the designated biochemical reactions, so as to achieve the purpose of sample preparation and detection.

[0206] Figure 33 The structure of the microfluidic chip 9 is illustrated exemplarily. For example... Figure 33As shown, in some embodiments, the microfluidic chip 9 is provided with a reaction chamber 91, an amplification chamber 92, and a switching valve 93. The reaction chamber 91 is used to prepare the target substance (e.g., nucleic acid). The amplification chamber 92 is used to amplify the target substance. The switching valve 93 is used to control the communication between the various channels and between each channel and the reaction chamber 91 and the amplification chamber 92, so as to control the reaction to proceed in the desired order. During nucleic acid detection, the switching valve 93 controls the reagents in each channel to enter the reaction chamber 91 and the amplification chamber 92 sequentially according to the needs of the nucleic acid detection process, for nucleic acid preparation and amplification in sequence. The fluorescence detection device 100 is used to perform fluorescence detection during the amplification process to determine the amplification results.

[0207] As an example, the detection device is a comprehensive detection device integrating multiple functions. For instance, in some embodiments, in addition to the fluorescence detection device 100 and the base, the detection device also includes a rotary valve mechanism and a temperature control device disposed on the base. The rotary valve mechanism is used to rotate the switching valve 93 to complete the flow path switching. The temperature control device is used to control the temperature of the amplification chamber 92 to meet the temperature requirements of the amplification process.

[0208] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A fluorescence detection device (100), characterized in that, include: Support (1); and The switching device (2) includes a rotating shaft (21) and a switching mechanism (22). The switching mechanism (22) is rotatably mounted on the support (1) via the rotating shaft (21). The switching mechanism (22) is provided with an excitation light path (221) and an emission light path (222). The excitation light path (221) and the emission light path (222) are arranged radially offset from each other on the rotating shaft (21) and are used to transmit light outward and collect light, respectively. The excitation light path (221) includes at least two excitation modules (22) arranged at intervals on the same circumference. 3) The emission optical path (222) includes at least two emission modules (224) arranged at intervals on the same circumference. The at least two excitation modules (223) and the at least two emission modules (224) correspond one-to-one. The excitation module (223) includes an excitation lens (226) and an excitation filter (225). The excitation lens (226) and the excitation filter (225) are arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction of the excitation optical path (221). The emission module (224) includes an emission lens (228) and an emission filter. (227), the emitting lens (228) and the emitting filter (227) are arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction of the emitting optical path (222). The switching mechanism (22) is provided with at least one mounting hole (261). The mounting hole (261) is used to accommodate the excitation lens (226), the excitation filter (225), the emitting lens (228), or the emitting filter (227). At least one end of the mounting hole (261) is provided with a light-shielding part (265). The light-shielding part (265) surrounds the mounting hole (227). The switching mechanism (22) includes a first bracket (23) and a second bracket (24) on the periphery of the mounting hole (261) and protruding outward or recessed inward relative to the mounting hole (261). The first bracket (23) and the second bracket (24) are arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction of the emission light path (222). The excitation filter (225) is disposed on the first bracket (23), and the excitation lens (226), the emission lens (228) and the emission filter (227) are disposed on the second bracket (24).

2. The fluorescence detection device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the radial direction of the rotating shaft (21), the excitation optical path (221) and the emission optical path (222) are completely offset; and / or, in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft (21), the excitation module (223) and the corresponding emission module (224) are staggered.

3. The fluorescence detection device (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the radial direction of the rotating shaft (21), the excitation optical path (221) is located outside the emission optical path (222).

4. The fluorescence detection device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The excitation lens (226) and the emission lens (228) are arranged offset from each other in the axial direction of the rotating shaft (21).

5. The fluorescence detection device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the excitation lenses (226), excitation filters (225), emission lenses (228), and emission filters (227) is disposed in a mounting hole (261), and at least one end of each mounting hole (261) is provided with a light-shielding part (265).

6. The fluorescence detection device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-shielding portion (265) of the mounting hole (261) for accommodating the excitation filter (225) facing the end of the excitation lens (226) is in concave-convex fit with the light-shielding portion (265) of the mounting hole (261) for accommodating the excitation lens (226) facing the end of the excitation filter (225); and / or, the light-shielding portion (265) of the mounting hole (261) for accommodating the emission filter (227) facing the end of the emission lens (228) is in concave-convex fit with the light-shielding portion (265) of the mounting hole (261) for accommodating the emission lens (228) facing the end of the emission filter (227).

7. The fluorescence detection device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first support (23) includes a first frame (25) and a second frame (26), the first frame (25) and the second frame (26) being arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction of the emitted light path (222) and detachably connected to each other, the excitation filter (225) being disposed on the second frame (26); and / or, The second support (24) includes a third frame (27) and a fourth frame (28). The third frame (27) and the fourth frame (28) are arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction of the emission light path (222) and are detachably connected to each other. The excitation lens (226) and the emission lens (228) are both disposed on the third frame (27), and the emission filter (227) is disposed on the fourth frame (28).

8. The fluorescence detection device (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that, The third frame (27) has a limiting groove (274) on its surface facing the fourth frame (28). The limiting groove (274) is recessed away from the fourth frame (28) relative to the surface of the third frame (27) facing the fourth frame (28), and the limiting groove (274) is located radially between the excitation module (223) and the launch module (224) along the rotating shaft (21).

9. The fluorescence detection device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first bracket (23) and the second bracket (24) are detachably connected.

10. The fluorescence detection device (100) according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first bracket (23) has a boss (264) on its surface facing the second bracket (24), and the second bracket (24) has a groove (273) on its surface facing the first bracket (23). The boss (264) fits into the groove (273).

11. The fluorescence detection device (100) according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The switching mechanism (22) is provided with an excitation through-hole (251), which corresponds one-to-one with the excitation module (223). The excitation module (223) transmits light outward through the excitation through-hole (251); and / or, The switching mechanism (22) is provided with a transmission through hole (252), which corresponds one-to-one with the transmission module (224). Light is transmitted to the transmission module (224) through the transmission through hole (252).

12. The fluorescence detection device (100) according to claim 11, characterized in that, At least one end of the excitation through hole (251) is provided with a first light-blocking part (255), the first light-blocking part (255) surrounds the periphery of the excitation through hole (251) and protrudes outward or recessed inward relative to the excitation through hole (251); and / or, at least one end of the emission through hole (252) is provided with a second light-blocking part (256), the second light-blocking part (256) surrounds the periphery of the emission through hole (252) and protrudes outward or recessed inward relative to the emission through hole (252).

13. The fluorescence detection device (100) according to claim 12, characterized in that, The emission through hole (252) includes a first hole segment (253) and a second hole segment (263). The first hole segment (253) and the second hole segment (263) are connected sequentially along the light transmission direction of the emission optical path (222). At least one end of the first hole segment (253) and / or at least one end of the second hole segment (263) are provided with a second light blocking part (256).

14. The fluorescence detection device (100) according to claim 13, characterized in that, The second light-blocking part (256) of the first hole segment (253) facing the second hole segment (263) is in concave-convex fit with the second light-blocking part (256) of the second hole segment (263) facing the first hole segment (253).

15. The fluorescence detection device (100) according to claim 11, characterized in that, The first light-blocking portion (255) of the excitation through-hole (251) facing the excitation filter (225) is in concave-convex fit with the light-shielding portion (265) of the mounting hole (261) for accommodating the excitation filter (225) facing the excitation through-hole (251); and / or, the second light-blocking portion (256) of the emission through-hole (252) facing the emission lens (228) is in concave-convex fit with the light-shielding portion (265) of the mounting hole (261) for accommodating the emission lens (228) facing the emission through-hole (252).

16. The fluorescence detection device (100) according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The switching mechanism (22) is provided with one of the separating groove (85) and the separating ring (86), and the support (1) is provided with the other of the separating groove (85) and the separating ring (86). The separating ring (86) is inserted into the separating groove (85) to form a separating structure (87). The separating structure (87) is located radially along the rotating shaft (21) between the excitation optical path (221) and the emission optical path (222) to separate the light transmitted via the excitation optical path (221) and the light transmitted via the emission optical path (222).

17. The fluorescence detection device (100) according to claim 16, characterized in that, The switching mechanism (22) has the separation structure (87) on both sides along the light transmission direction of the excitation light path (221).

18. The fluorescence detection device (100) according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The fluorescence detection device (100) includes at least one of the following: The drive mechanism (3) is driven to the rotating shaft (21) to drive the switching mechanism (22) to rotate; The light source module (4) is connected to the support (1) and, when the switching mechanism (22) rotates, is alternately aligned with each of the excitation modules (223) to alternately transmit light to each of the excitation modules (223). A photoelectric conversion element (61) is disposed on the support (1) and is switched to be aligned with each of the transmitting modules (224) when the switching mechanism (22) rotates; An angle detection device (5) is installed on the support (1) and detects the rotation angle of the switching mechanism (22); An excitation fiber (71) is connected to the support (1) and, when the switching mechanism (22) rotates, is alternately aligned with each of the excitation modules (223) to alternately transmit the light transmitted by each of the excitation modules (223) outward; The transmitting optical fiber (72) is connected to the support (1) and is switched to be aligned with each of the transmitting modules (224) when the switching mechanism (22) rotates, so as to transmit light to each of the transmitting modules (224) in a switched manner.

19. The fluorescence detection device (100) according to claim 18, characterized in that, The light source module (4) and the switching mechanism (22) are arranged side by side on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft (21).

20. The fluorescence detection device (100) according to claim 18, characterized in that, The light source module (4) includes a light source (41) and a heat dissipation device (42). The light source (41) emits light, and the heat dissipation device (42) dissipates heat from the light source (41).

21. A testing device, comprising a base, characterized in that, It also includes a fluorescence detection device (100) as described in any one of claims 1-20, wherein the fluorescence detection device (100) is disposed on the base.

22. A detection system comprising a microfluidic chip (9), characterized in that, It also includes a fluorescence detection device (100) as described in any one of claims 1-20 or a detection device as described in claim 21, wherein the excitation optical path (221) is used to transmit light to the microfluidic chip (9) to excite the sample in the microfluidic chip (9) to generate fluorescence, and the emission optical path (222) is used to collect the fluorescence generated by the sample in the microfluidic chip (9) after excitation.

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