A wing-in-ground effect craft and aircraft

Abstract

The application discloses a rolling wing device and an aircraft. The rolling wing structure comprises a rolling wing, a swing mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a first driving device. The swing mechanism is connected with the rolling wing and is used for controlling the direction of the lift provided by the rolling wing. The rotating mechanism is connected with the swing mechanism and is used for controlling the rotation of the swing mechanism. The rotating mechanism comprises a rotating base connected with the fuselage of the aircraft and a main shaft penetrating through the rotating base. The first driving device is connected with the main shaft, controls the rotation of the main shaft and drives the rotation of the swing mechanism, so as to control the angle of attack of the rolling wing and provide thrust in any direction. The rolling wing device has high aerodynamic efficiency. The rolling wing can control the size and direction of the lift, thereby providing better control ability for the aircraft, and the requirement for the material strength of the mechanical structure is low, the processing difficulty is reduced, and the maintainability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical equipment technology, and in particular to a rolling wing device and an aircraft. Background Technology

[0002] The main advantage of roll rotors is that they can provide both lift and thrust simultaneously, making them more efficient than traditional rotor systems. They also have a simpler control principle than other vertical takeoff and landing designs, such as tiltrotor or compound helicopters, resulting in higher theoretical stability. Roll rotors are currently a popular technology of choice for EVtol (electric vertical takeoff and landing aircraft).

[0003] like Figure 1 As shown, current roll wing structures are large and heavy, with a low thrust-to-weight ratio, which is not conducive to the development of high-payload electric vertical takeoff and landing aircraft. Furthermore, the use of bearings and other components for fixation makes the roll wing structure prone to breakage when large, potentially causing accidents. Moreover, current roll wing surfaces use numerous connecting rods, gears, and other components, which are relatively fragile due to the high-speed rotation of the roll wing, requiring high machining precision and mechanical performance.

[0004] If the traditional approach is used to apply the roll wing structure to aircraft such as vertical takeoff and landing aircraft, it will lead to a cycle of solving strength problems, which in turn leads to weight problems, and then structural problems, which prevents the aircraft from being made large. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rolling wing device with simplified results and high aerodynamic efficiency, and an aircraft using the rolling wing device.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a roller device is provided, the roller structure comprising: a roller, a swaying mechanism, a rotating mechanism, and a first drive device; the swaying mechanism is connected to the roller and is used to control the direction in which the roller provides lift; the rotating mechanism is connected to the swaying mechanism and is used to control the rotation of the swaying mechanism.

[0007] The rotating mechanism includes a rotating base connected to the aircraft fuselage and a main shaft passing through the rotating base. The first drive device is connected to the main shaft, controls the rotation of the main shaft and drives the oscillating mechanism to rotate, thereby controlling the angle of attack of the roll vane and providing thrust in any direction.

[0008] Optionally, the rocking mechanism includes a rocker arm, a torsion shaft, a spring, and a second drive device; the spring is sleeved on the torsion shaft, and the rocking mechanism is connected to the roller via the second drive device;

[0009] The rocker arm is fixedly connected to the main shaft and is driven by the main shaft to rotate around the main shaft;

[0010] The swing arm has a through hole, and the torsion shaft is connected with the second driving device through the through hole of the swing arm, and the torsion shaft can rotate freely in the through hole of the swing arm.

[0011] Optionally, the spring is a torque spring.

[0012] Optionally, the swing arm has a clamping groove, the spring has a fixed end and a movable end, the movable end of the spring is arranged in the clamping groove of the swing arm, and the fixed end is fixedly arranged on the second driving device.

[0013] The rotation of the torsion shaft can change the position of the movable end of the spring in the clamping groove.

[0014] Optionally, the roll wing is made of a flexible material.

[0015] Optionally, the roll wing is a rectangular roll wing formed by integral molding of a support shaft, an elbow and a lifting part; the elbow is located at four corner portions of the rectangular roll wing, and the lifting part and the support shaft are located at four edge portions of the rectangular roll wing.

[0016] The support shaft is rigidly connected with the power shaft and the second driving device.

[0017] Optionally, the support shaft is used for bearing a torsional moment and has a circular cross section; the elbow is used for deforming the lifting part in rotation and can store power, and has a thin plate cross section; and the lifting part is used for providing lift and has a streamlined cross section.

[0018] Optionally, when the roll wing rotates to different phases relative to the main shaft, the support shaft presents different torsional moments, so that the lifting part is deformed in torsion by the elbow, and the torsional degree at each moment is determined by the rotation phase of the roll wing relative to the main shaft.

[0019] If the rotation phase of the roll wing relative to the main shaft is ang, and ang is in the range of -180 to 180, the support shaft rotates th = maxTh*cos(ang)^2, where maxTh is the limit rotation angle of the spring.

[0020] Optionally, when the rotation phase is parallel to the torsion shaft and the roll wing, the spring is in a contraction state, and the torsional moment provided by the spring makes the support shaft of the roll wing rotate, so that the roll wing is changed into a shape capable of providing lift.

[0021] When the rotation phase is perpendicular to the torsion shaft and the roll wing, the power shaft swings around the torsion shaft at a smaller angle due to the force, so that the angle of attack of the roll wing and the air flow direction is reduced, thereby avoiding generating lift.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided an aircraft, wherein a plurality of the rolling wing devices of any one of the above aspects are installed on the left and right sides of the aircraft.

[0023] The rolling wing device provided by the present application has the following advantages:

[0024] 1. The rolling wing device of the present application is an advanced rolling wing structure, which has high aerodynamic efficiency. The rolling wing can control the size and direction of lift, thereby providing better control ability for the aircraft.

[0025] 2. The rolling wing device of the present application avoids complex mechanical linkages and instead uses the elastic deformation of the material itself to control the angle of attack of the rolling wing.

[0026] 3. The rolling wing device of the present application adopts a flexible wing structure that is an integral structure, which has high mechanical strength.

[0027] 4. The rolling wing device of the present application has a mechanical structure concentrated at the shaft. The material strength requirement of the mechanical structure is lower, which reduces the processing difficulty and improves the maintainability.

[0028] The technical solutions of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, together with the embodiments of the present application, to explain the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a conventional rolling wing structure is shown;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the output direction structure of the rolling wing device of the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0032] Figure 3 A 3D schematic diagram of the output direction of the rolling wing device of the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the non-output direction structure of the rolling wing device of the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0034] Figure 5 A 3D schematic diagram of the non-output direction of the rolling wing device of the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0035] 101 - lift part, 102 - elbow part, 103 - support shaft, 201 - swing arm, 202 - second driving device, 203 - rotating base, 204 - spring, 206 - clamping groove, 301 - main shaft, 302 - torsion shaft, 303 - rolling wing, 304 - power shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0037] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0038] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be broadly understood, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0040] The embodiment of the present application provides a roll wing device, as shown in the figure, the roll wing structure of the embodiment can include: a roll wing 303, a swing mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a first driving device. The swing mechanism is connected with the roll wing 303, the swing mechanism can change the shape of the roll wing 303, which is used for controlling the direction of the lift provided by the roll wing 303 at each moment. The rotating mechanism is connected with the fuselage of the aircraft, and can drive the swing mechanism to rotate. Figures 2 to 5

[0041] ​The rotating mechanism comprises a rotating base 203 connected with the aircraft body and a main shaft 301 penetrating the rotating base 203, and the first driving device is connected with the main shaft 301 to control the rotation of the main shaft 301 and drive the swing mechanism to rotate, so as to control the angle of attack of the roll wing 303 and provide thrust in any direction. The first driving device can be an electric motor, an internal combustion engine or a turbine engine. The rotating base 203 can also be driven by an electric motor or other driving device, and the rotation angle can be controlled based on user demand through a pull rod or the like, and then the total force direction is controlled through the main shaft 301. The total force refers to the overall direction of the force when the roll wing 303 rotates one circle. Through the mechanical structure of the roll wing device in the embodiment, the angle of attack of the roll wing 303 can be automatically controlled to provide thrust in any direction. The torque control refers to the control mode of changing the angle of attack, and in this embodiment, the torque control can be automatically completed by the mechanism of the roll wing device itself.

[0042] As shown in Figure 2 、 Figure 4 , the swing mechanism comprises a swing arm 201, a torsion shaft 302, a spring 204 and a second driving device 202; the spring 204 is sleeved on the torsion shaft 302, and the swing mechanism is connected with the roll wing 303 through the second driving device 202. The swing arm 201 is fixedly connected with the main shaft 301 and is driven by the main shaft 301 to rotate around the main shaft 301; the swing arm 201 has a through hole, the torsion shaft 302 penetrates the through hole of the swing arm 201 and is connected with the second driving device 202, and the torsion shaft 302 can freely rotate in the through hole of the swing arm 201. The swing arm 201 has a clamping groove 206, the spring 204 has a fixed end and a movable end, the movable end of the spring 204 is arranged in the clamping groove 206 of the swing arm 201, and the fixed end is fixedly arranged on the second driving device 202; the torsion shaft 302 is driven to rotate by an electric motor or other driving device to change the position of the movable end of the spring 204 in the clamping groove 206. The spring 204 is a torque spring 204.

[0043] Optionally, the second driving device 202 in the embodiment can be an electric motor or other driving device. In some embodiments, the second driving device 202 can have a second driving device 202 output end (such as an end connected with the shaft of an internal combustion engine), and the swing mechanism is connected with the roll wing 303 through the second driving device 202 output end. The torsion shaft 302 can penetrate the through hole of the swing arm 201 and be fixedly connected with the driving device output end. The rotation of the torsion shaft 302 can also drive the second driving device 202 output end to swing by a certain angle around the torsion shaft 302, such as +-30 degrees.

[0044] The roll wing 303 is used to provide lift and is made of flexible material such as nylon, carbon fiber, etc. The roll wing 303 comprises a support shaft 103, an elbow 102 and a lift part 101, all of which are made of flexible material. One end of the support shaft 103 is connected to one end of the elbow 102, and the other end of the elbow 102 is connected to the lift part 101. Preferably, the support shaft 103 is integrally formed with the elbow 102 and the lift part 101 to form a rectangular roll wing 303. The elbow 102 is located at the four corners of the rectangular roll wing, and the lift part 101 and the support shaft 103 are located at the four edges of the rectangular roll wing. In this embodiment, two lift parts 101 are located at two opposite edges of the rectangular roll wing, and two support shafts 103 are located at the other two opposite edges of the rectangular roll wing.

[0045] The cross sections of the support shaft 103, the elbow 102 and the lift part 101 of the roll wing 303 are different. The support shaft 103 is used to store force, twist, drive the elbow 102 to twist, etc., and should have a large torsional area ratio. For example, the cross section of the support shaft 103 is circular, because a circular cross section has the highest torsional capacity under the same area. The elbow 102 is used to drive the lift part 101 to swing, to deform the lift part 101 when rotating and to store force, and has better resilience, so the cross section of the elbow 102 is thin plate type. The lift part 101 is used to provide lift, and the cross section of the lift part 101 is streamlined. During the operation of the roll wing device, when the support shaft 103 rotates, it drives the elbow 102 parallel to the support shaft 103 to rotate, and this part of the elbow 102 rotates, which pulls the elbow 102 parallel to the lift part 101 to rotate in the opposite direction (because the elbow is a 90-degree bend, and the bend is equivalent to a crease in rotation, so the two parts rotate in opposite directions). In this design, the elbow 102 replaces the connecting rod and bearing of the existing roll wing, and the elbow 102 is a continuous part of the flexible wing rather than a part, thereby greatly improving the structural strength of the wing. In other words, the support shaft 103 should be able to withstand a large torsional moment, so a circular shape is preferred. The elbow 102 needs to deform the lift part 101 when rotating and store force, so a thin plate type is used. The lift part 101 provides lift, and a streamlined shape is preferred.

[0046] The support shaft 103 is rigidly connected to the power shaft 304 and the second driving device 202, for example, the two ends of the power shaft 304 are fixedly connected to the middle part of the support shaft 103 and the second driving device 202 (or the output end of the second driving device 202), so that when the second driving device 202 (or the output end of the second driving device 202) swings, it can drive the support shaft 103 to twist and deform.

[0047] The rectangular flexible wing structure of the above embodiment is only an example, and other shapes can be designed according to requirements. The rolling wing device of the embodiment of the application does not need to be assembled by mechanical parts, thereby reducing manufacturing cost. Compared with the conventional rolling wing device assembled by multiple parts, the rolling wing device of the embodiment of the application is an integrated structure, and has high mechanical strength. The mechanical structure is concentrated at the shaft. The material strength requirement of the mechanical structure is low, thereby reducing processing difficulty. The maintainability is improved.

[0048] The rolling wing device of the embodiment of the application uses flexible materials to transmit deformation, rather than mechanical parts. The operation principle of the rolling wing device is as follows:

[0049] When the rolling wing 303 rotates to different phases relative to the main shaft 301, the support shaft 103 will present different torques, thereby driving the lifting part 101 to be twisted through the elbow 102. The extreme value of the twisting degree is determined by the position of the torsion spring 204 of the torsion shaft 302, and the twisting degree at each moment is determined by the rotation phase of the rolling wing 303 relative to the main shaft 301. The lifting force is along the direction of the torsion shaft 302, and the lifting force size is determined by the position of the spring 204 of the torsion shaft 302. When the rotation phase of the rolling wing 303 relative to the main shaft 301 is ang, ang is in the range of -180-180, the support shaft 103 rotates th = maxTh*cos(ang)^2, wherein maxTh is the limit rotation angle of the spring 204.

[0050] The first case: when the rotation phase is parallel to the torsion shaft 302 and the rolling wing 303, the spring 204 is in a contraction state, and the torque provided by the spring 204 drives the support shaft 103 of the rolling wing 303 to rotate, thereby changing the rolling wing 303 into a shape capable of providing lifting force.

[0051] When the rotation phase is parallel to the torsion shaft 302 and the rectangular flexible rolling wing 303, the spring 204 is in a contraction state, and the torque provided by the spring 204 drives the support shaft 103 of the rectangular flexible rolling wing 303 to rotate, thereby changing the rectangular flexible rolling wing 303 into a shape capable of providing lifting force (as shown in FIG. 4). Figure 3 When the rotation phase is parallel to the torsion shaft 302 and the rectangular flexible rolling wing 303, the spring 204 is in a contraction state, and the torque provided by the spring 204 drives the support shaft 103 of the rectangular flexible rolling wing 303 to rotate, thereby changing the rectangular flexible rolling wing 303 into a shape capable of providing lifting force (as shown in FIG. 4).

[0052] As shown in FIG. 4, when the rotation phase is parallel to the torsion shaft 302 and the rectangular flexible rolling wing 303, the spring 204 is in a contraction state, and the torque provided by the spring 204 drives the support shaft 103 of the rectangular flexible rolling wing 303 to rotate, thereby changing the rectangular flexible rolling wing 303 into a shape capable of providing lifting force (as shown in FIG. 4). Figure 3As shown, when the first driving device drives the main shaft 301 to rotate clockwise, the main shaft 301 drives the swing arm 201 to rotate, and then drives the output end, the power shaft 304 and the support shaft 103 to rotate, the rotation of the support shaft 103 drives the elbow part to rotate, the elbow part 102 pulls the lifting part 101 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the two lifting parts 101 have positive angles of attack with respect to the air, so that the vertical upward lift is generated. When the aircraft starts to fly, the rotation speed and direction of the roll wing 303 remain unchanged. In addition, it should be noted that the roll wing 303 is still in the same state after rotating 180 degrees, and the swing shaft does not rotate with the torsion shaft 302, and the vertical upward lift is also generated.

[0053] The second case is that when the rotation phase is perpendicular to the torsion shaft 302 and the roll wing 303, the power shaft 304 is subjected to a force, so that the included angle of the power shaft 304 swinging around the torsion shaft 302 is reduced, and the angle of attack of the roll wing 303 with respect to the air flow direction is reduced, so that the lift is avoided.

[0054] When the rotation phase is perpendicular to the roll wing 303 and the torsion shaft 302, the left and right power shafts 304 are subjected to a force to reduce the included angle, so that the power shaft 304 swings around the torsion shaft 302, which is the shear moment of the support shaft 103 resisting bending (accumulating force) on the torsion shaft 302, which reduces the angle of attack of the flexible roll wing 303 with respect to the air flow direction, so that the lift is avoided at the angle, which is related to the shape of the roll wing 303 and is controlled by the spring 204, and is generally about 30 degrees.

[0055] Based on the roll wing device of the embodiment, the lift direction can be changed by changing the angle of the rotation main shaft 301. When the aircraft performs a maneuvering action, the lift direction needs to be changed. The case of changing the lift direction is that, when the roll wing 303 takes off, the lift direction needs to be vertical, and when the roll wing 303 advances, the lift direction also needs to have a horizontal component, that is, a certain inclination.

[0056] If forward movement, backward movement, rotation or rolling is needed, the lift direction can be changed to achieve the purpose. For example, the aircraft can be provided with left and right flexible roll wing mechanisms, when one lift is forward and the other lift is backward, the aircraft rotates, when both lifts are forward, the aircraft advances, and when both lifts are backward, the aircraft retreats.

[0057] Compared with the traditional roll wing structure and the same area propeller, the same power can improve the lift by 20%, but the weight is 500% of the traditional roll wing structure. The roll wing device of the embodiment can save 70% of the weight of the traditional roll wing structure with the same thrust (the reduced components are shaft sleeve, connecting rod, gear disc connected by connecting rod, truss for improving the stability of the structure, etc.), so that the roll wing structure becomes engineering usable.

[0058] The embodiment of the present application also provides a flying vehicle, and the left and right sides of the flying vehicle are provided with a plurality of rolling wing devices.

[0059] Those skilled in the art can understand that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not limit the present application; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and the modification or replacement does not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A wing-in-ground effect craft, characterized in that, The rolling wing device comprises a rolling wing, a swing mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a first driving device; the swing mechanism is connected with the rolling wing and is used for controlling the direction of the rolling wing to provide lift; the rotating mechanism is connected with the swing mechanism and is used for controlling the swing mechanism to rotate; The rotating mechanism comprises a rotating base connected with the aircraft body and a main shaft penetrating through the rotating base; the first driving device is connected with the main shaft and is used for controlling the main shaft to rotate and drive the swing mechanism to rotate, so as to control the angle of attack of the rolling wing and provide thrust in any direction; The rolling wing comprises a support shaft, an elbow and a lift part; one end of the support shaft is connected with one end of the elbow, and the other end of the elbow is connected with the lift part; the support shaft is used for accumulating force, torsion and driving the elbow to twist; the elbow is used for driving the lift part to swing; and the lift part is used for providing lift; The support shaft is rigidly connected with the swing mechanism through a power shaft and a second driving device.

2. The wing-in-ground device according to claim 1, characterized in that The swing mechanism comprises a swing arm, a torsion shaft, a spring and a second driving device; the spring is sleeved on the torsion shaft; and the swing mechanism is connected with the rolling wing through the second driving device; The swing arm is fixedly connected with the main shaft and is driven by the main shaft to rotate around the main shaft; The swing arm has a through hole; the torsion shaft penetrates through the through hole of the swing arm and is connected with the second driving device; and the torsion shaft can freely rotate in the through hole of the swing arm.

3. The wing-in-ground device according to claim 2, characterized in that The spring is a torque spring.

4. The wing-in-ground device of claim 2, wherein, The swing arm has a clamping groove; the spring has a fixed end and a movable end; the movable end of the spring is arranged in the clamping groove of the swing arm; and the fixed end is fixedly arranged on the second driving device; The rotation of the torsion shaft can change the position of the movable end of the spring in the clamping groove.

5. The wing runner of claim 1, wherein, The rolling wing is made of flexible material.

6. The wing runner of claim 1, wherein, The rolling wing is a rectangular rolling wing formed by one-piece forming of a support shaft, an elbow and a lift part; the elbow is located at four corner portions of the rectangular rolling wing; and the lift part and the support shaft are respectively located at four edge portions of the rectangular rolling wing.

7. The wing runner of claim 1, wherein, The support shaft is used for bearing torsional moment and has a circular cross section; the elbow is used for deforming the lift part when rotating and can accumulate force and has a thin plate cross section; and the lift part is used for providing lift and has a streamlined cross section.

8. The wing runner of claim 1, wherein, When the rolling wing rotates to different phases relative to the main shaft, the support shaft presents different torsional moments, so that the elbow drives the lift part to twist and deform, and the degree of twisting at each moment is determined by the rotation phase of the rolling wing relative to the main shaft. If the rotation phase of the rolling wing relative to the main shaft is ang, ang is in the range of -180 to 180, and the support shaft rotates th = maxTh*cos(ang)^2, wherein maxTh is the limit rotation angle of the spring.

9. The wing-in-ground device of claim 8, wherein, When the rotation phase is parallel to the torsion shaft and the rolling wing, the spring is in a contraction state; the torsion of the spring makes the support shaft of the rolling wing rotate, so that the rolling wing is changed into a shape capable of providing lift; When the rotation phase is perpendicular to the torsion shaft and the rolling wing, the power shaft is swung around the torsion shaft at a smaller angle due to force, so that the angle of attack of the rolling wing and the air flow direction is reduced, thereby avoiding generating lift.

10. An aircraft, characterized in that The flying vehicle is provided with a plurality of roll-wing devices as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 on the left and right sides thereof.

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