Communication system, link training method and related equipment

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a communication system, a link training method, and related devices. The communication system includes a first device, a second device, and a cable connecting the first and second devices, wherein the cable stores cable information. The method includes: obtaining device information of the first device, obtaining the cable information from the cable, and obtaining device information of the second device; and performing link training between the first and second devices based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device. Using the embodiments of the present application, fast link training can still be achieved after link components are replaced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication system, a link training method, and related equipment. Background Art

[0002] As link rates increase, matching chip transmitter and receiver equalization becomes increasingly important. Therefore, link training (LT) between the transmitter and receiver becomes increasingly important. However, complex link training makes the time required for link training convergence a significant challenge. Especially in link-limited situations, such as when the system operating environment is extremely extreme due to factors such as very long cables or poor cable quality, existing link training methods cannot determine the system's maximum operating rate (or highest rate), and there is a possibility of traversal rate. Traversal rate can lead to two serious problems. First, the transmitter and receiver need to interact via low-speed signals, which significantly increases waiting time. Second, traversal rate causes the number of equalization combinations to increase exponentially, making convergence impossible in a short period of time.

[0003] In addition, existing fast link training methods improve training speed by storing training data in non-volatile memory (NVM). However, this method has significant limitations. First, link components are not replaceable and are only applicable to fixed systems. If the upstream device, channel, or downstream device product form factors undergo significant changes, the system must be reinitialized, completely rendering the fast training method ineffective. Second, equalization parameters cannot be predicted. Link training must be completed and the relevant data saved before the device leaves the factory, preventing users from freely configuring networks. Third, there is no equalization fine-tuning function, resulting in low accuracy.

[0004] In summary, with the opening of the consumer product ecosystem, the equipment and channel components of many manufacturers vary greatly, and there is an urgent need to develop a fast link training method suitable for complex product forms. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application disclose a communication system, a link training method, and related equipment, which can still achieve fast link training after replacing link components.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, comprising a first device, a second device, and a cable connecting the first device and the second device, wherein the cable stores cable information (Cable Info) of the cable, and the cable information is used to characterize the capabilities of the cable; the first device and / or the second device is used to obtain device information of the first device, obtain the cable information from the cable, and obtain device information of the second device, wherein the device information is used to characterize the capabilities of the device; the first device and / or the second device is further used to perform link training between the first device and the second device based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device.

[0007] In an embodiment of the present application, the first device stores device information of the first device, and the second device stores device information of the second device, and the device information is used to characterize the capabilities of the devices; the first device and the second device are connected through a cable, and the cable information of the cable is stored in the cable, and the cable information is used to characterize the capabilities of the cable; during link training, the first device obtains the device information of the first device stored therein, obtains the cable information from the cable, and obtains the device information of the second device from the second device; the second device obtains the device information of the second device stored therein, obtains the cable information from the cable, and obtains the device information of the first device from the first device; after the first device and the second device both obtain the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, link training between the first device and the second device can be performed based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device; for example, the first device and the second device can both determine the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, and perform fast link training between the first device and the second device at the maximum operating rate. It can be seen that since the first device stores the device information of the first device, the second device stores the device information of the second device, and the cable stores the cable information of the cable, after any one or more link components in the first device, the second device, and the cable are replaced, when link training is performed again, the first device and the second device can still quickly obtain the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, so that the communication system does not need to be initialized and can still achieve fast link training.

[0008] In one example, the device information specifically includes: device identification code, the rate supported by the device (including the maximum operating rate supported by the device), the maximum channel supported by the device, printed circuit board (PCB) trace length, material (including the material for processing PCB single board), stackup (the PCB single board is a single piece on the outside, but the PCB single board is divided into many layers inside, and the stackup is the number of layers inside the PCB single board), and reserved parameters (Data); the cable information specifically includes: cable identification code, the rate supported by the cable (including the maximum operating rate supported by the cable), the maximum channel supported by the cable, the loss during signal transmission (that is, insertion loss, Insertion Loss, IL), and reserved parameters.

[0009] In this example, the cable information includes information that characterizes the capabilities of the cable, and the device information includes information that characterizes the capabilities of the device, so that the maximum operating rate supported by the first device can be determined through the device information of the first device, the maximum operating rate supported by the cable can be determined through the cable information, and the maximum operating rate supported by the second device can be determined through the device information of the second device, thereby determining the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system; while the existing cable only stores cable information of voltage and current, which cannot be used for link training, that is, the existing cable does not store information that can be used for link training, so it is impossible to determine the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system by using the existing cable for link training, and it is necessary to try to obtain the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system by traversing the rate; therefore, the embodiment of the present application can determine the maximum operating rate of the communication system and quickly perform link training at the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system. In addition, since the device information of the first device characterizes the capabilities of the first device, the cable information characterizes the capabilities of the cable, and the device information of the second device characterizes the capabilities of the second device, the equalization parameters can also be predicted through the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the cable information includes a rate supported by the cable, the device information of the first device includes a rate supported by the first device, and the device information of the second device includes a rate supported by the second device; link training is performed between the first device and the second device based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, including: determining a target training rate based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device; and performing first link training between the first device and the second device based on the target training rate.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present application, a target rate of the communication system can be determined based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, thereby enabling fast link training at the target rate. For example, the target rate can be the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system. For example, the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system can be determined based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, thereby enabling fast link training at the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system. This significantly reduces link training time even at link limits.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the first device and / or the second device is further configured to: if any of the device information, cable information, or device information of the first device, or the second device, is not obtained, detect whether a link component has been plugged in or powered off since the previous successful link training; wherein the link component includes the first device, the second device, or the cable; if the link component has not been plugged in or powered off since the previous successful link training, determine a target training rate based on the training results of the previous link training; if the link component has been plugged in or powered off since the previous successful link training, perform second link training between the first device and the second device, wherein the training rate of the second link training is a preset rate. The preset rate is a pre-stored lower rate, which may be a minimum rate.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present application, when any one of the device information, cable information, and device information of the first device, the cable is not obtained, whether the first device, the second device, or the cable has been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training was successful is detected; if the first device, the second device, or the cable has not been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training was successful, it means that the result of the previous link training is still valid, and the target rate of this link training can be determined based on the training result of the previous link training, thereby achieving fast link training at the target rate, for example, determining the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system based on the training result of the previous link training, and performing fast link training at the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system; in addition, if the first device, the second device, or the cable has been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training was successful, but because the device information, cable information, and device information of the first device, the cable, and the second device are not obtained, the target rate cannot be determined, and fast link training at the target rate cannot be achieved, then link training is performed at a low rate, for example, at the lowest rate, so as to ensure that the training result of the link training is obtained.

[0014] In one possible implementation, first link training is performed between a first device and a second device according to a target training rate, including: indexing an equalization parameter retrieval table according to the target training rate to obtain a first transmission equalization parameter value and a first reception equalization parameter value, wherein the equalization parameter retrieval table records a training result of the link training; and performing training interaction between the first device and the second device according to the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value to obtain a training result of the first link training.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present application, an equalization parameter retrieval table is stored in the first device, and the equalization parameter retrieval table is also stored in the second device. The equalization parameter retrieval table records the training results of the link training, that is, the equalization parameter retrieval table records the equalization parameter value obtained by the link training. The equalization parameter value is the specific value of the equalization parameter, and the equalization parameter is the parameter that the equalizer needs to be configured; the first device can index the equalization parameter retrieval table stored in it according to the target training rate, thereby obtaining the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value; the second device can also index the equalization parameter retrieval table stored in it according to the target training rate, thereby also obtaining the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value. equalization parameter value and the first receiving equalization parameter value; after the first device and the second device both obtain the first sending equalization parameter value and the first receiving equalization parameter value, if the first device is a sending end and the second device is a receiving end, the first device configures the first sending equalization parameter value and the second device configures the first receiving equalization parameter value; if the first device is a receiving end and the second device is a sending end, the first device configures the first receiving equalization parameter value and the second device configures the first sending equalization parameter value; after the first device and the second device are both configured with the equalization parameter values, the first device and the second device perform training interaction to obtain the training result of the first link training, thereby realizing fast link training. In addition, since the equalization parameter retrieval table records the training results of the link training, if the target rate has been used for link training before and the connection between the first device and the second device has not been disconnected, the equalization parameter retrieval table records the training results of the link training at the target rate; if the target rate needs to be used for link training again, the first transmitting equalization parameter value and the first receiving equalization parameter value at the target rate are quickly read and configured directly in the equalization parameter retrieval table according to the target rate, thereby realizing fast link training in a specific scenario (i.e., a specific rate) and reducing link training time.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the training results of the link training include: a cable identification code of the cable; when the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, the rates supported by the communication system, the channels corresponding to each rate, and the first equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; when the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, the rates supported by the communication system, the number of channels corresponding to each rate, and the first equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; wherein the first equalization parameter value is obtained by link training, and the first equalization parameter value includes a first transmission equalization parameter value and a first reception equalization parameter value.

[0017] In an embodiment of the present application, the equalization parameter retrieval table records the rates supported by the communication system when the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, or the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, the channels corresponding to each rate, and the first equalization parameter value corresponding to each channel; therefore, for any of the situations in which the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, or the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, as well as link training of any channel between the first device and the second device, the first device and the second device can quickly search the first equalization parameter in the equalization parameter retrieval table according to the target rate.

[0018] In one possible implementation, performing first link training between a first device and a second device according to a target training rate further includes: if the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value are not indexed in the equalization parameter retrieval table, indexing in the equalization parameter prediction table according to the target training rate to obtain a second transmission equalization parameter value and a second reception equalization parameter value, wherein the equalization parameter prediction table records the prediction result of the link training; and performing training interaction between the first device and the second device according to the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value to obtain a training result of the first link training.

[0019] In an embodiment of the present application, an equalization parameter prediction table is stored in the first device, and the equalization parameter prediction table is also stored in the second device. The equalization parameter prediction table records the prediction results of the link training, and the prediction results may include equalization parameters derived or predicted by the loss information of each link component; when the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value are not indexed in the equalization parameter retrieval table, the first device can index in the equalization parameter prediction table stored in it according to the target training rate, thereby obtaining the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value; the second device can also index in the equalization parameter prediction table stored in it according to the target training rate, thereby obtaining The second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value; after the first device and the second device both obtain the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value, if the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, the first device configures the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second device configures the second reception equalization parameter value; if the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, the first device configures the second reception equalization parameter value and the second device configures the second transmission equalization parameter value; after the first device and the second device are both configured with the equalization parameter values, the first device and the second device perform training interaction to obtain the training results of the first link training, thereby achieving fast link training. Since the equalization parameter prediction table records the predicted results of the link training, that is, it records the predicted equalization parameters, there is no need to complete the link training and save the relevant data before the device leaves the factory. Users can freely network different devices as needed and perform fast link training after networking.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the first device and / or the second device is further configured to predict a link training prediction result based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, and record the link training prediction result in an equalization parameter prediction table.

[0021] In an embodiment of the present application, after obtaining the device information, cable information, and device information of the first device, the first device will predict the prediction result of the link training based on the device information, cable information, and device information of the second device, and record the prediction result of the link training in the equalization parameter prediction table stored therein; after obtaining the device information, cable information, and device information of the first device, the second device will also predict the prediction result of the link training based on the device information, cable information, and device information of the second device, and record the prediction result of the link training in the equalization parameter prediction table stored therein; this is conducive to the first device and the second device quickly finding the second transmit equalization parameter and the second receive equalization parameter in the equalization parameter prediction table according to the target rate.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the prediction result of the link training includes: a cable identification code of the cable; when the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, the rates supported by the communication system, the channels corresponding to each rate, and the second equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; when the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, the rates supported by the communication system, the number of channels corresponding to each rate, and the second equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; wherein the second equalization parameter value is predicted based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, and the second equalization parameter value includes a second transmission equalization parameter value and a second reception equalization parameter value.

[0023] In an embodiment of the present application, the equalization parameter prediction table records the rates supported by the communication system when the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, or the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, the channels corresponding to each rate, and the second equalization parameter value corresponding to each channel; therefore, for any case where the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, or the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, as well as link training of any channel between the first device and the second device, the first device and the second device can quickly find the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value in the equalization parameter prediction table according to the target rate.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the training interaction includes: S1, configuring a target transmit equalization parameter value and sending a preset code pattern to the receiving end; S2, configuring a target receive equalization parameter value and detecting whether the preset code pattern is received from the transmitting end; S3, if the preset code pattern is not received from the transmitting end, coarsely adjusting the receive equalization parameter value configured by the receiving end until the preset code pattern is received from the transmitting end; S4, if the preset code pattern is received from the transmitting end, fine-tuning the receive equalization parameter value configured by the receiving end to obtain a training result of the first link training; S5, sending the training result of the first link training to the transmitting end; S6, receiving the training result from the receiving end. The training result of the first link training of the end; wherein, if the target transmit equalization parameter value is the first transmit equalization parameter value, the target receive equalization parameter value is the first receive equalization parameter value; if the target transmit equalization parameter value is the second transmit equalization parameter value, the target receive equalization parameter value is the second receive equalization parameter value; the preset code type is the code type used for training interaction; if the first device is the transmitter and the second device is the receiver, the first device executes steps S1 and S6, and the second device executes steps S2-S5; if the second device is the transmitter and the first device is the receiver, the second device executes steps S1 and S6, and the first device executes steps S2-S5. It should be understood that in the existing link training, during the training interaction process, it is necessary to adjust the transmit equalization parameter value configured by the transmitter and the receive equalization parameter value configured by the receiver to obtain the training result of the link training.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present application, during the training interaction process, the transmission equalization parameter value of the transmitting end is kept unchanged, and only the reception equalization parameter value of the receiving end needs to be adjusted to obtain the training result of the link training. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application takes less time in the training interaction process, and thus the overall time of the link training is less.

[0026] In a possible implementation, if the first link training fails, the first device and / or the second device is further configured to: perform second link training between the first device and the second device at a preset rate.

[0027] In an embodiment of the present application, if the first link training does not obtain a training result, that is, the fast link training at a higher rate does not obtain a training result, then the second link training is performed, that is, link training is performed at a lower rate, for example, link training is performed at the lowest rate, so as to ensure that the training result of the link training is obtained.

[0028] In one possible implementation, after obtaining the training result of the first link training or the training result of the second link training, the first device and / or the second device is further used to: update the equalization parameter retrieval table according to the training result of the first link training or the training result of the second link training.

[0029] In an embodiment of the present application, if the first link training at the target rate is successful, the equalization parameter retrieval table is updated based on the training results of the first link training, that is, the equalization parameters in the training results of the first link training are recorded in the position corresponding to the target rate in the equalization parameter retrieval table. If link training at the target rate is required in the future, the equalization parameters corresponding to the target rate can be directly indexed in the equalization parameter retrieval table, thereby improving the link training speed and achieving fast link training. In addition, if the second link training at a lower rate is successful, the equalization parameter retrieval table can also be updated based on the training results of the second link training, that is, the equalization parameters in the training results of the second link training are recorded in the position corresponding to the lower rate in the equalization parameter retrieval table. If link training at the lower rate is required in the future, the equalization parameters corresponding to the lower rate can be directly indexed in the equalization parameter retrieval table. For example, the equalization parameters obtained by link training at the lowest rate are recorded in the equalization parameter retrieval table. When link training at the lowest rate is required in the future, the equalization parameters at the lowest rate can be quickly obtained. This can also improve the link training speed and facilitate fast link training.

[0030] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a first device, which is connected to a second device via a cable, and the cable stores cable information of the cable, and the cable information is used to characterize the capabilities of the cable; the first device is used to: obtain device information of the first device, and obtain the cable information from the cable, and obtain device information of the second device, wherein the device information is used to characterize the capabilities of the device; and perform link training between the first device and the second device based on the device information of the first device, the cable information and the device information of the second device.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the cable information includes a rate supported by the cable, the device information of the first device includes a rate supported by the first device, and the device information of the second device includes a rate supported by the second device; link training is performed between the first device and the second device based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, including: determining a target training rate based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device; and performing first link training between the first device and the second device based on the target training rate.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the first device is further used to: if any of the device information, cable information, or device information of the second device is not obtained, detect whether the link component has been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training was successful; wherein the link component includes the first device, the second device, or the cable; if the link component has not been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training was successful, determine the target training rate based on the training result of the previous link training; if the link component has been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training was successful, perform second link training between the first device and the second device, wherein the training rate of the second link training is a preset rate.

[0033] In one possible implementation, first link training is performed between a first device and a second device according to a target training rate, including: indexing an equalization parameter retrieval table according to the target training rate to obtain a first transmission equalization parameter value and a first reception equalization parameter value, wherein the equalization parameter retrieval table records a training result of the link training; and performing training interaction between the first device and the second device according to the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value to obtain a training result of the first link training.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the training results of the link training include: a cable identification code of the cable; when the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, the rates supported by the communication system, the channels corresponding to each rate, and the first equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; when the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, the rates supported by the communication system, the number of channels corresponding to each rate, and the first equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; wherein the first equalization parameter value is obtained by link training, and the first equalization parameter value includes a first transmission equalization parameter value and a first reception equalization parameter value.

[0035] In one possible implementation, performing first link training between a first device and a second device according to a target training rate further includes: if the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value are not indexed in the equalization parameter retrieval table, indexing in the equalization parameter prediction table according to the target training rate to obtain a second transmission equalization parameter value and a second reception equalization parameter value, wherein the equalization parameter prediction table records the prediction result of the link training; and performing training interaction between the first device and the second device according to the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value to obtain a training result of the first link training.

[0036] In a possible implementation, the first device is further configured to predict a link training prediction result based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, and record the link training prediction result in an equalization parameter prediction table.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the prediction result of the link training includes: a cable identification code of the cable; when the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, the rates supported by the communication system, the channels corresponding to each rate, and the second equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; when the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, the rates supported by the communication system, the number of channels corresponding to each rate, and the second equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; wherein the second equalization parameter value is predicted based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, and the second equalization parameter value includes a second transmission equalization parameter value and a second reception equalization parameter value.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the training interaction includes: configuring a target transmit equalization parameter value and sending a preset code pattern to a second device; receiving a training result of a first link training from the second device; wherein, if the target transmit equalization parameter value is a first transmit equalization parameter value or a second transmit equalization parameter value; the preset code pattern is a code pattern used for training interaction.

[0039] In a possible implementation, if the first link training fails, the first device is further configured to: perform second link training between the first device and the second device at a preset rate.

[0040] In a possible implementation, after obtaining the training result of the first link training or the training result of the second link training, the first device is further configured to update the equalization parameter retrieval table according to the training result of the first link training or the training result of the second link training.

[0041] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a second device, which is connected to a first device via a cable, and the cable stores cable information of the cable, and the cable information is used to characterize the capabilities of the cable; the second device is used to: obtain device information of the first device, and obtain the cable information from the cable, and obtain device information of the second device, wherein the device information is used to characterize the capabilities of the device; and perform link training between the first device and the second device based on the device information of the first device, the cable information and the device information of the second device.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the cable information includes a rate supported by the cable, the device information of the first device includes a rate supported by the first device, and the device information of the second device includes a rate supported by the second device; link training is performed between the first device and the second device based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, including: determining a target training rate based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device; and performing first link training between the first device and the second device based on the target training rate.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the second device is further used to: if any one of the device information, cable information or device information of the first device or the second device is not obtained, detect whether the link component has been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training is successful; wherein the link component includes the first device, the second device or the cable; if the link component has not been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training is successful, determine the target training rate according to the training result of the previous link training; if the link component has been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training is successful, perform second link training between the first device and the second device, wherein the training rate of the second link training is a preset rate.

[0044] In one possible implementation, first link training is performed between a first device and a second device according to a target training rate, including: indexing an equalization parameter retrieval table according to the target training rate to obtain a first transmission equalization parameter value and a first reception equalization parameter value, wherein the equalization parameter retrieval table records a training result of the link training; and performing training interaction between the first device and the second device according to the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value to obtain a training result of the first link training.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the training results of the link training include: a cable identification code of the cable; when the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, the rates supported by the communication system, the channels corresponding to each rate, and the first equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; when the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, the rates supported by the communication system, the number of channels corresponding to each rate, and the first equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; wherein the first equalization parameter value is obtained by link training, and the first equalization parameter value includes a first transmission equalization parameter value and a first reception equalization parameter value.

[0046] In one possible implementation, performing first link training between a first device and a second device according to a target training rate further includes: if the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value are not indexed in the equalization parameter retrieval table, indexing in the equalization parameter prediction table according to the target training rate to obtain a second transmission equalization parameter value and a second reception equalization parameter value, wherein the equalization parameter prediction table records the prediction result of the link training; and performing training interaction between the first device and the second device according to the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value to obtain a training result of the first link training.

[0047] In a possible implementation, the second device is further configured to predict a link training prediction result based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, and record the link training prediction result in an equalization parameter prediction table.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the prediction result of the link training includes: a cable identification code of the cable; when the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, the rates supported by the communication system, the channels corresponding to each rate, and the second equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; when the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, the rates supported by the communication system, the number of channels corresponding to each rate, and the second equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; wherein the second equalization parameter value is predicted based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, and the second equalization parameter value includes a second transmission equalization parameter value and a second reception equalization parameter value.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the training interaction includes: configuring a target receive equalization parameter value and detecting whether a preset code pattern is received from a first device; if the preset code pattern is not received from the first device, coarsely adjusting the receive equalization parameter value configured on the second device until the preset code pattern is received from the first device; if the preset code pattern is received from the first device, fine-tuning the receive equalization parameter value configured on the second device to obtain a training result of the first link training; and sending the training result of the first link training to the first device; wherein the target receive equalization parameter value is the first receive equalization parameter value or the second receive equalization parameter value; and the preset code pattern is a code pattern used for training interaction.

[0050] In a possible implementation, if the first link training fails, the second device is further configured to: perform second link training between the first device and the second device at a preset rate.

[0051] In a possible implementation, after obtaining the training result of the first link training or the training result of the second link training, the second device is further configured to update the equalization parameter retrieval table according to the training result of the first link training or the training result of the second link training.

[0052] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a link training method, which is applied to an electronic device, wherein the electronic device is the first device or the second device in a communication system, and the first device and the second device are connected through a cable, and the cable stores cable information of the cable, and the cable information is used to characterize the capability of the cable; the method includes: obtaining device information of the first device, and obtaining the cable information from the cable, and obtaining device information of the second device, wherein the device information is used to characterize the capability of the device; and performing link training between the first device and the second device according to the device information of the first device, the cable information and the device information of the second device.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the cable information includes a rate supported by the cable, the device information of the first device includes a rate supported by the first device, and the device information of the second device includes a rate supported by the second device; link training is performed between the first device and the second device based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, including: determining a target training rate based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device; and performing first link training between the first device and the second device based on the target training rate.

[0054] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: if any one of the device information, cable information, or device information of the first device or the second device is not obtained, detecting whether the link component has been plugged in or powered off after the previous link training was successful; wherein the link component includes the first device, the second device, or the cable; if the link component has not been plugged in or powered off after the previous link training was successful, determining the target training rate based on the training result of the previous link training; if the link component has been plugged in or powered off after the previous link training was successful, performing second link training between the first device and the second device, wherein the training rate of the second link training is a preset rate.

[0055] In one possible implementation, first link training is performed between a first device and a second device according to a target training rate, including: indexing an equalization parameter retrieval table according to the target training rate to obtain a first transmission equalization parameter value and a first reception equalization parameter value, wherein the equalization parameter retrieval table records a training result of the link training; and performing training interaction between the first device and the second device according to the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value to obtain a training result of the first link training.

[0056] In one possible implementation, the training results of the link training include: a cable identification code of the cable; when the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, the rates supported by the communication system, the channels corresponding to each rate, and the first equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; when the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, the rates supported by the communication system, the number of channels corresponding to each rate, and the first equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; wherein the first equalization parameter value is obtained by link training, and the first equalization parameter value includes a first transmission equalization parameter value and a first reception equalization parameter value.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: if the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value are not indexed in the equalization parameter retrieval table, indexing in the equalization parameter prediction table according to the target training rate to obtain the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value, wherein the equalization parameter prediction table records the prediction result of the link training; and performing training interaction between the first device and the second device according to the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value to obtain the training result of the first link training.

[0058] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: predicting a link training prediction result based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, and recording the link training prediction result in an equalization parameter prediction table.

[0059] In one possible implementation, the prediction result of the link training includes: a cable identification code of the cable; when the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, the rates supported by the communication system, the channels corresponding to each rate, and the second equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; when the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, the rates supported by the communication system, the number of channels corresponding to each rate, and the second equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; wherein the second equalization parameter value is predicted based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, and the second equalization parameter value includes a second transmission equalization parameter value and a second reception equalization parameter value.

[0060] In one possible implementation, if the electronic device is a transmitter, the training interaction includes: configuring a target transmission equalization parameter value and sending a preset code pattern to the receiver, wherein the receiver is configured with a target reception equalization parameter value; receiving a training result of the first link training from the receiver; if the electronic device is a receiver, the training interaction includes: configuring a target reception equalization parameter value and detecting whether a preset code pattern from the transmitter is received, wherein the transmitter is configured with a target transmission equalization parameter value; if the preset code pattern from the transmitter is not received, then coarsely adjusting the configured reception equalization parameter value until a preset code pattern from the transmitter is detected. The preset code pattern of the end is received; if the preset code pattern is received from the transmitting end, the configured receiving equalization parameter value is fine-tuned to obtain the training result of the first link training; wherein, if the transmitting end is the first device, the receiving end is the second device; if the transmitting end is the second device, the receiving end is the first device; wherein, if the target transmitting equalization parameter value is the first transmitting equalization parameter value, the target receiving equalization parameter value is the first receiving equalization parameter value; if the target transmitting equalization parameter value is the second transmitting equalization parameter value, the target receiving equalization parameter value is the second receiving equalization parameter value; wherein the preset code pattern is the code pattern used for training interaction.

[0061] In a possible implementation, if the first link training fails, the method further includes: performing a second link training between the first device and the second device at a preset rate.

[0062] In a possible implementation, after obtaining the training result of the first link training or the training result of the second link training, the method further includes: updating the equalization parameter retrieval table according to the training result of the first link training or the training result of the second link training.

[0063] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a link training device, which is applied to an electronic device, wherein the electronic device is the first device or the second device in a communication system, and the first device and the second device are connected through a cable, and the cable stores cable information of the cable, and the cable information is used to characterize the capability of the cable; the link training device includes: an acquisition unit, which is used to obtain device information of the first device, and obtain the cable information from the cable, and obtain device information of the second device, wherein the device information is used to characterize the capability of the device; a training unit, which is used to perform link training between the first device and the second device according to the device information of the first device, the cable information and the device information of the second device.

[0064] In one possible implementation, the cable information includes a rate supported by the cable, the device information of the first device includes a rate supported by the first device, and the device information of the second device includes a rate supported by the second device; the training unit is specifically used to: determine a target training rate based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device; and perform first link training between the first device and the second device based on the target training rate.

[0065] In one possible implementation, the training unit is further used to: if any one of the device information of the first device, the cable information, or the device information of the second device is not obtained, detect whether the link component has been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training was successful; wherein the link component includes the first device, the second device, or the cable; if the link component has not been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training was successful, determine the target training rate based on the training result of the previous link training; if the link component has been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training was successful, perform second link training between the first device and the second device, wherein the training rate of the second link training is a preset rate.

[0066] In one possible implementation, the training unit is specifically used to: index in an equalization parameter retrieval table according to a target training rate to obtain a first transmission equalization parameter value and a first reception equalization parameter value, wherein the equalization parameter retrieval table records the training results of the link training; and perform training interaction between the first device and the second device according to the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value to obtain the training results of the first link training.

[0067] In one possible implementation, the training results of the link training include: a cable identification code of the cable; when the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, the rates supported by the communication system, the channels corresponding to each rate, and the first equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; when the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, the rates supported by the communication system, the number of channels corresponding to each rate, and the first equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; wherein the first equalization parameter value is obtained by link training, and the first equalization parameter value includes a first transmission equalization parameter value and a first reception equalization parameter value.

[0068] In one possible implementation, the training unit is further used to: if the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value are not indexed in the equalization parameter retrieval table, index in the equalization parameter prediction table according to the target training rate to obtain the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value, wherein the equalization parameter prediction table records the prediction result of the link training; perform training interaction between the first device and the second device according to the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value to obtain the training result of the first link training.

[0069] In a possible implementation, the training unit is further configured to: predict a link training prediction result based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, and record the link training prediction result in an equalization parameter prediction table.

[0070] In one possible implementation, the prediction result of the link training includes: a cable identification code of the cable; when the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, the rates supported by the communication system, the channels corresponding to each rate, and the second equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; when the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, the rates supported by the communication system, the number of channels corresponding to each rate, and the second equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; wherein the second equalization parameter value is predicted based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, and the second equalization parameter value includes a second transmission equalization parameter value and a second reception equalization parameter value.

[0071] In one possible implementation, if the electronic device is a transmitter, the training interaction includes: configuring a target transmission equalization parameter value and sending a preset code pattern to the receiver, wherein the receiver is configured with a target reception equalization parameter value; receiving a training result of the first link training from the receiver; if the electronic device is a receiver, the training interaction includes: configuring a target reception equalization parameter value and detecting whether a preset code pattern from the transmitter is received, wherein the transmitter is configured with a target transmission equalization parameter value; if the preset code pattern from the transmitter is not received, then coarsely adjusting the configured reception equalization parameter value until a preset code pattern from the transmitter is detected. The preset code pattern of the end is received; if the preset code pattern is received from the transmitting end, the configured receiving equalization parameter value is fine-tuned to obtain the training result of the first link training; wherein, if the transmitting end is the first device, the receiving end is the second device; if the transmitting end is the second device, the receiving end is the first device; wherein, if the target transmitting equalization parameter value is the first transmitting equalization parameter value, the target receiving equalization parameter value is the first receiving equalization parameter value; if the target transmitting equalization parameter value is the second transmitting equalization parameter value, the target receiving equalization parameter value is the second receiving equalization parameter value; wherein the preset code pattern is the code pattern used for training interaction.

[0072] In a possible implementation, if the first link training fails, the training unit is further configured to: perform second link training between the first device and the second device at a preset rate.

[0073] In a possible implementation, after obtaining the training result of the first link training or the training result of the second link training, the training unit is further configured to update the equalization parameter retrieval table according to the training result of the first link training or the training result of the second link training.

[0074] In the sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device comprising a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, and the program comprises instructions for executing the steps in the method as described in any one of the fourth aspects.

[0075] In the seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a link training device, comprising: a processor and a transmission interface, wherein the processor is configured to call program instructions stored in a memory so that the link training device executes a method as described in any one of the above-mentioned fourth aspects.

[0076] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for electronic data exchange, wherein the computer program enables a computer to execute a method as described in any one of the above-mentioned fourth aspects.

[0077] In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program, which enables a computer or a processor to execute a method as described in any one of the above fourth aspects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0078] Figure 1 This is a state diagram of the High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) link training provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0079] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the initialization process of the high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express, PCI-Express, referred to as PCIe) provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0080] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0081] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a link training method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0082] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of another link training method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0083] Figure 6 This is a flow chart of a training interaction provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0084] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of a link training device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0085] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0086] Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of another electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0087] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0088] The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements is not limited to the listed steps or elements, but may optionally include steps or elements not listed, or may optionally include other steps or elements inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0089] References to "embodiments" in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this specification may be combined with other embodiments.

[0090] In order to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the relevant knowledge involved in the present application is first introduced here.

[0091] First, the existing high-definition multimedia interface link training, that is, the conventional serializer deserializer (SerDes) link training currently used by various protocols, involves the access source device (Source) and the access terminal device (Sink) continuously interacting and traversing parameters to finally achieve the optimal link balance. Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a state diagram of the high-definition multimedia interface link training provided by the embodiment of the present application, which has the following disadvantages:

[0092] 1) Conventional link training cannot obtain the training rate. When switching training rates, a low-speed channel handshake is used, interacting through low-speed signals. In other words, information exchange between the access source device and the access end device is sent via low-speed signal lines. The low-speed signals of the High-Definition Multimedia Interface are transmitted via the I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) bus. When one device requires another device to adjust its configuration, it needs to notify it via low-speed signals, which significantly increases the waiting time and the total training time.

[0093] 2) When the channel is poor, the training time of Link Training States (LTS): 3 is very long, and it is necessary to traverse the combination of Feed Forward Equalization (FFE), Continuous Time Linear Equalization (CTLE), and Decision Feedback Equalization (DFE). Taking the HDMI2.1 protocol, 4 groups of FFE, 32 groups of CTLE, and 32 groups of DFE as an example, it is necessary to traverse 4086 combinations. Among them, coarse adjustment also needs to traverse 4×16×16=1024 combinations, or 4×8×8=256 combinations.

[0094] 3) Because channel information cannot be obtained in advance, LTS:3 and LTS:4 will switch back and forth, which may cause rate traversal. Taking the HDMI2.1 protocol with five rate options as an example, 4086×5 combinations need to be traversed; among them, coarse adjustment also requires traversal of 1024×5 combinations, or 256×5 combinations.

[0095] Another type of link training, for fixed systems, uses equalization parameter values stored in non-volatile memory instead of executing a new equalization process. Before the product leaves the factory, it goes through the regular link training process and then stores the results in non-volatile memory. When the user uses the system, training is no longer performed and the data stored in non-volatile memory is directly called. This has the following disadvantages:

[0096] 1) Link components are not replaceable and are only applicable to fixed systems. There are also no major changes in the product form of upstream equipment, channels, and downstream equipment. If there are major changes, the system needs to be reinitialized, and the rapid training method will be completely ineffective.

[0097] 2) Equalization parameters cannot be predicted, and link training must be completed and data saved before the device leaves the factory; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of its initialization.

[0098] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the initialization process of the high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard provided in an embodiment of the present application. The high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard has now been updated to the fifth generation. Before leaving the factory, devices using the high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard first undergo a round of initialization to retain relevant parameters. The details are as follows:

[0099] Step 201: Initialize the sequence, establish the link at the first generation rate of 2.5 Gbps, and retain the relevant equalization results.

[0100] Step 202: After the first generation training is successful, skip the second generation 5 Gbps rate and change the rate to the third generation 8 Gbps for equalization training, and retain the relevant equalization results.

[0101] Step 203: After the third generation training is successful, the rate is changed to the fourth generation 16 Gbps for equalization training, and the relevant equalization results are retained.

[0102] Step 204: After the fourth generation training is successful, the rate is changed to the fifth generation 32 Gbps for equalization training, and the relevant equalization results are retained.

[0103] Step 205: After the fifth generation training is successful, flow control starts to be initialized.

[0104] Step 206: The system starts operating at a rate of 32 Gbps.

[0105] Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that it does not specify what to do if link training fails, so it cannot be applied to actual products.

[0106] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of link training, an embodiment of the present application provides a high-precision and fast link training solution based on the cable information stored in the cable, replaceable link components (including the first device, the second device, and the cable), and predictable equalization parameters.

[0107] The technical solution provided in this application is introduced in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0108] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3As shown, the communication system includes a first device 31, a second device 32, and a cable 33 connecting the first device 31 and the second device 32, wherein the cable 33 stores cable information of the cable 33, and the cable information is used to characterize the capability of the cable; wherein the first device 31 is used to obtain device information of the first device 31, and obtain the cable information from the cable 33, and obtain device information of the second device 32, wherein the device information is used to characterize the capability of the device; the first device 31 and / or the second device 32 is further used to perform link training between the first device 31 and the second device 32 according to the device information of the first device 31, the cable information, and the device information of the second device 32; the first device 31 is used to obtain device information of the first device 31, and obtain the cable information from the cable 33, and obtain device information of the second device 32; the first device 31 and / or the second device 32 is further used to perform link training between the first device 31 and the second device 32 according to the device information of the first device 31, the cable information, and the device information of the second device 32.

[0109] The communication system can be applied to scenarios such as High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI), Universal Serial Bus (USB), and new scenarios. For HDMI, the first device 31 and the second device 32 are access source devices or access end devices; for USB, the first device 31 and the second device 32 are hosts or storage devices; in an optional scenario, the first device 31 and the second device 32 are routers or peers.

[0110] In the embodiment of the present application, the first device 31 stores the device information of the first device 31, the second device 32 stores the device information of the second device 32, the first device 31 and the second device 32 are connected by a cable 33, and the cable 33 stores the cable information of the cable 33; the link training may be triggered by the first device 31 or the second device 32; during the link training, the first device 31 obtains the device information of the first device 31 stored therein, obtains the cable information from the cable 33, and obtains the device information of the second device 32 from the second device 32; the second device 32 obtains the device information of the second device 32 stored therein, and obtains the cable information from the cable 33 information, and obtain the device information of the first device 31 from the first device 31; after the first device 31 and the second device 32 both obtain the device information of the first device 31, the cable information and the device information of the second device 32, the link training between the first device 31 and the second device 32 can be performed according to the device information of the first device 31, the cable information and the device information of the second device 32; for example, the first device 31 and the second device 32 can both determine the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system according to the device information of the first device 31, the cable information and the device information of the second device 32, and perform fast link training between the first device 31 and the second device 32 at the maximum operating rate.

[0111] After the communication system is started, both the first device 31 and the second device 32 will detect whether the cable 33 is plugged in. That is, the first device 31 detects whether the cable 33 is connected to it, and the second device 32 also detects whether the cable 33 is connected to it. For either the first device 31 or the second device 32, if it detects that the cable 33 is not plugged in, the detection will continue. For the first device 31, if it detects that the cable 33 is plugged in, it obtains the cable information from the cable 33. In addition, if the cable 33 is also plugged into the second device 32 at this time, the first device 31 will also obtain the device information of the second device 32 from the second device 32. Similarly, for the second device 32, if it detects that the cable 33 is plugged in, it will obtain the cable information from the cable 33. In addition, if the cable 33 is also plugged into the first device 31 at this time, the second device 32 will also obtain the device information of the first device 31 from the first device 31.

[0112] Specifically, the first device 31 includes a first memory 311, which stores device information of the first device 31. The second device 32 includes a second memory 321, which stores device information of the second device 32. The cable 33 includes a third memory 331, which stores cable information of the cable 33. During link training, the first device 31 reads the device information of the first device 31 from the first memory 311, obtains the cable information from the third memory 331, and obtains the device information of the second device 32 from the second memory 321. The second device 32 reads the device information of the second device 32 from the second memory 321, obtains the cable information from the third memory 331, and obtains the device information of the first device 31 from the first memory 311.

[0113] The first memory 311, the second memory 321, and the third memory 331 may be non-volatile memories. The cable 33 may include one or more third memories 331, which may be located at the connectors at both ends of the cable 33 or within the cable 33. For example, the cable 33 may include one or more non-volatile memories, which may be located at the connectors at both ends of the cable 33 or within the cable 33.

[0114] In one example, the cable information includes information characterizing the capability of the cable, and the device information includes information characterizing the capability of the device.

[0115] Specifically, device information and cable information can be stored in a memory in the form of a table. The device information of the first device 31 is shown in Table 1, the device information of the second device 32 is shown in Table 2, and the cable information of the cable 33 is shown in Table 3. The device information includes information such as the device identification code, the speed supported by the device (including the maximum operating speed supported by the device), the maximum channel supported by the device, the printed circuit board (PCB) trace length, the material (including the material used to process the PCB), the stackup (the PCB is a single piece on the outside, but has many layers inside), and reserved parameters (Data). The cable information includes information such as the cable identification code, the speed supported by the cable (including the maximum operating speed supported by the cable), the maximum channel supported by the cable, the loss during signal transmission (i.e., insertion loss, IL), and reserved parameters.

[0116] Table 1 Device information table of the first device 31

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] Table 2 Device information table of the second device 32

[0120]

[0121] Table 3 Cable information table of cable 33

[0122]

[0123]

[0124] Wherein, “xxx” in the above Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3 represents specific parameter values.

[0125] In this example, the cable information includes information characterizing the cable capabilities, and the device information includes information characterizing the device capabilities, so that the maximum operating rate supported by the first device 31 can be determined through the device information of the first device 31, the maximum operating rate supported by the cable 33 can be determined through the cable information, and the maximum operating rate supported by the second device 32 can be determined through the device information of the second device 32, thereby determining the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system; while the existing cable only stores cable information of voltage and current, which cannot be used for link training, that is, the existing cable does not store information that can be used for link training, so it is impossible to determine the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system by using the existing cable for link training, and it is necessary to try to obtain the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system by traversing the rate; therefore, the embodiment of the present application can determine the maximum operating rate of the communication system and quickly perform link training at the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system. In addition, since the device information of the first device 31 characterizes the capabilities of the first device 31, the cable information characterizes the capabilities of the cable 33, and the device information of the second device 32 characterizes the capabilities of the second device 32, the equalization parameters can also be predicted through the device information of the first device 31, the cable information, and the device information of the second device 32.

[0126] It should be noted that because cables in existing technologies are black boxes, if they are replaced, the system has no idea what has been replaced and must be reinitialized. However, in the embodiments of this application, each link component has its own training record. Even if a cable is replaced, relevant information related to link training can be found. Even if a new cable has not been used for link training, the system's equalization parameters can be predicted based on some of its loss information.

[0127] It can be seen that since the first device 31 stores the device information of the first device 31, the second device 32 stores the device information of the second device 32, and the cable 33 stores the cable information of the cable 33, after any one or more link components of the first device 31, the second device 32, and the cable 33 are replaced, when link training is performed again, the first device 31 and the second device 32 can still quickly obtain the device information of the first device 31, the cable information, and the device information of the second device 32, so that the communication system does not need to be initialized and can still achieve fast link training.

[0128] In one possible implementation, the cable information includes the rate supported by the cable, the device information of the first device includes the rate supported by the first device, and the device information of the second device includes the rate supported by the second device; link training is performed between the first device 31 and the second device 32 based on the device information of the first device 31, the cable information, and the device information of the second device 32, including: determining the target training rate based on the device information of the first device 31, the cable information, and the device information of the second device 32; and performing first link training between the first device 31 and the second device 32 based on the target training rate.

[0129] Specifically, for any one of the first device 31 and the second device 32, after obtaining the device information of the first device 31, the cable information of the cable 33, and the device information of the second device 32, it obtains the maximum working rate supported by the first device 31 from the device information of the first device 31, obtains the maximum working rate supported by the second device 32 from the device information of the second device 32, and obtains the maximum working rate supported by the cable 33 from the cable information of the cable 33; then, the target working rate is determined based on the maximum working rate supported by the first device 31, the maximum working rate supported by the second device 32, and the maximum working rate supported by the cable 33; in addition, when determining the target rate, in addition to the maximum working rate supported by the first device 31, the maximum working rate supported by the second device 32, and the maximum working rate supported by the cable 33, the target rate can also be determined in combination with the business requirements of the communication system. Among them, in order to ensure the normal progress of link training, the target rate is determined to be the intersection of the maximum working rate supported by the first device 31, the maximum working rate supported by the second device 32, and the maximum working rate supported by the cable 33, that is, the target rate should be less than any one of the maximum working rate supported by the first device 31, the maximum working rate supported by the second device 32, and the maximum working rate supported by the cable 33; in addition, in order to achieve fast link training, the target rate can be made the minimum of the maximum working rate supported by the first device 31, the maximum working rate supported by the second device 32, and the maximum working rate supported by the cable 33.

[0130] In the embodiment of the present application, the target rate of the communication system can be determined based on the device information of the first device 31, the cable information, and the device information of the second device 32, thereby enabling fast link training at the target rate. Furthermore, the target rate can be the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system. For example, the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system can be determined based on the device information of the first device 31, the cable information, and the device information of the second device 32, thereby enabling fast link training at the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system. This significantly reduces link training time even at the link limit.

[0131] In one possible implementation, the first device 31 and / or the second device 32 is further configured to: if any of the device information of the first device 31, the cable information, or the device information of the second device 32 is not obtained, detect whether a link component has been plugged in or unplugged or powered off since the previous successful link training; wherein the link component includes the first device 31, the second device 32, or the cable 33; if the link component has not been plugged in or powered off since the previous successful link training, determine a target training rate based on the training result of the previous link training; if the link component has been plugged in or powered off since the previous successful link training, perform second link training between the first device 31 and the second device 32, wherein the training rate of the second link training is a preset rate. The preset rate is a pre-stored lower rate, which may be the lowest rate.

[0132] It should be understood that if any of the first device 31, the second device 32, and the cable 33 has been unplugged or powered off, it indicates that the connection between the first device 31 and the second device 32 has been disconnected. For the first device 31, if it does not obtain any of the device information of the first device 31, the cable information of the cable 33, or the device information of the second device 32, it will detect whether it has been unplugged or powered off since the previous successful link training. Since the second device 32 or the cable 33 has been unplugged or powered off, it indirectly indicates that the first device 31 has also been unplugged or powered off. Therefore, when the first device 31 detects whether it has been unplugged or powered off, it is equivalent to detecting whether the second device 32 or the cable 33 has been unplugged or powered off. Similarly, for the second device 32, when it does not obtain any of the device information of the first device 31, the cable information of the cable 33, and the device information of the second device 32, it will detect whether it has been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training was successful; and since the first device 31 or the cable 33 has been unplugged or powered off, it indirectly indicates that the second device 32 has also been unplugged or powered off. Therefore, the second device 32 detects whether it has been unplugged or powered off, which is equivalent to detecting whether the first device 31 or the cable 33 has been unplugged or powered off.

[0133] Among them, for any one of the first device 31 and the second device 32, if it is detected that the first device 31, the second device 32 or the cable 33 has not been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training was successful, it means that the link components of the system have not been replaced after the previous link training was successful, that is, the previous link training was also the link training between the first device 31 and the second device 32, so fast link training can be performed according to the result of the previous link training, that is, the first link training is performed according to the result of the previous link training; if it is detected that the first device 31, the second device 32 or the cable 33 has been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training was successful, the link components may have been replaced, for example, the cable 33 may have been replaced, but since the cable information of the cable 33 is not obtained, the target rate cannot be determined, and the equalization parameters of the system cannot be predicted, so link training can only be performed at a low rate, that is, the second link training is performed, for example, the rate of the second link training is the lowest rate.

[0134] In an embodiment of the present application, when any of the device information of the first device 31, the cable information, and the device information of the second device 32 is not obtained, it is detected whether the first device 31, the second device 32, or the cable 33 has been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training was successful; if the first device 31, the second device 32, or the cable 33 has not been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training was successful, it means that the result of the previous link training is still valid, and the target rate of this link training can be determined according to the training result of the previous link training, thereby achieving fast link training at the target rate, for example, according to The training result of the previous link training determines the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system, and fast link training is performed at the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system; in addition, if the first device 31, the second device 32 or the cable 33 is unplugged or powered off after the previous link training is successful, but because the device information of the first device 31, the cable information, and the device information of the second device 32 are not obtained, the target rate cannot be determined, and fast link training at the target rate cannot be achieved, link training is performed at a low rate, for example, link training is performed at the lowest rate, so as to ensure that the training results of the link training are obtained.

[0135] In one possible implementation, first link training is performed between the first device 31 and the second device 32 according to the target training rate, including: indexing in an equalization parameter retrieval table according to the target training rate to obtain a first transmission equalization parameter value and a first reception equalization parameter value, wherein the equalization parameter retrieval table records the training results of the link training; and performing training interaction between the first device 31 and the second device 32 according to the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value to obtain the training results of the first link training.

[0136] The equalization parameter retrieval table records the training results of the link training, that is, the equalization parameter retrieval table records the equalization parameter values obtained through training. The equalization parameter values are specific values of the equalization parameters, which are parameters that the equalizer needs to configure.

[0137] The first device 31 stores an equalization parameter retrieval table. For example, the equalization parameter retrieval table stored in the first device 31 is stored in the first memory 311. The second device 32 also stores the equalization parameter retrieval table. For example, the equalization parameter retrieval table stored in the second device 32 is stored in the second memory 321. The first device 31 and the second device 32 both record the training results of the link training at all rates supported by the system in the equalization parameter retrieval table.

[0138] In one example, the training results of the link training include: the cable identification code of the cable 33; when the first device 31 is a transmitter and the second device 32 is a receiver, the rates supported by the communication system, the channels corresponding to each rate, and the first equalization parameter values and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; when the first device 31 is a receiver and the second device 32 is a transmitter, the rates supported by the communication system, the number of channels corresponding to each rate, and the first equalization parameter values and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; wherein, the first equalization parameter values are obtained by link training, and the first equalization parameter values include a first transmission equalization parameter value and a first reception equalization parameter value.

[0139] For example, the training results of link training include: device information of the first device 31 (mainly used to describe the first device 31 as a transmitter or receiver), device information of the second device 32 (mainly used to describe the second device 32 as a transmitter or receiver), cable information of the cable 33, supported rates, the number of channels supported at each rate, equalization parameters, reserved parameters, and other information. The equalization parameters include the equalization parameter values of the feedforward equalizer (FFE), the continuous time linear equalizer (CTLE), and the decision feedback equalizer (DFE). These equalization parameters are used to compensate for signal loss during transmission. Specifically, the equalization parameter search table is shown in Table 4.

[0140] Table 4 Equalization parameter retrieval table

[0141]

[0142]

[0143] Among them, "Cable_x" in Table 4 is a 32-bit cable identifier (product ID), that is, a cable identification code; "xxx" in Table 4 represents a specific parameter value; Table 4 provides an example in which all parameters are present, that is, all parameters have corresponding parameter values; Table 4 can also be empty, that is, all parameters have no corresponding parameter values, in which case it means that the first link training has not yet been performed.

[0144] In this example, the equalization parameter retrieval table records the rates supported by the communication system, the channels corresponding to each rate, and the first equalization parameter value corresponding to each channel when the first device 31 is a transmitter and the second device 31 is a receiver, or the first device 31 is a receiver and the second device 32 is a transmitter; therefore, for any of the situations in which the first device 31 is a transmitter and the second device 32 is a receiver, or the first device 31 is a receiver and the second device 32 is a transmitter, and for link training of any channel between the first device 31 and the second device 32, the first device 31 and the second device 32 can quickly search for the first equalization parameter in the equalization parameter retrieval table according to the target rate.

[0145] Specifically, when link training is required at a target rate, the first device 31 and the second device 32 both index in their stored equalization parameter retrieval table according to the target rate to obtain the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value corresponding to the target rate, and then the first device 31 and the second device 32 configure the first transmission equalization parameter value or the first reception equalization parameter value; wherein, when the first device 31 is a transmitter and the second device 32 is a receiver, the first device 31 configures the first transmission equalization parameter value and the second device 32 configures the first reception equalization parameter value; when the second device 32 is a transmitter and the first device 31 is a receiver, the second device 32 configures the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first device 31 configures the first reception equalization parameter value; after configuring the first transmission equalization parameter value or the first reception equalization parameter value, the first device 31 and the second device 32 perform training interaction, and obtain the training result of the first link training after equalization convergence. Among them, the process of indexing in the equalization parameter retrieval table is: first search in the "rate" column of the equalization parameter retrieval table to see whether the target rate exists; if the target rate exists, then search whether the row where the target rate is located already has a corresponding equalization parameter value; if there is already an equalization parameter value corresponding to the target rate, the equalization parameter value corresponding to the target rate is read out, that is, the first sending equalization parameter value and the first receiving equalization parameter value are obtained.

[0146] In the embodiment of the present application, the first device 31 stores an equalization parameter retrieval table, and the second device 32 also stores the equalization parameter retrieval table. The equalization parameter retrieval table records the training results of the link training, that is, the equalization parameter retrieval table records the equalization parameter values obtained by training. The equalization parameter values are specific values of the equalization parameters, and the equalization parameters are parameters that need to be configured for the equalizer; the first device 31 can index the equalization parameter retrieval table stored in it according to the target training rate, thereby obtaining the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value; the second device 32 can also index the equalization parameter retrieval table stored in it according to the target training rate, thereby also obtaining the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value. Equalization parameter value; after the first device 31 and the second device 32 both obtain the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value, if the first device 31 is a transmitter and the second device 32 is a receiver, the first device 31 configures the first transmission equalization parameter value and the second device 32 configures the first reception equalization parameter value; if the first device 31 is a receiver and the second device 32 is a transmitter, the first device 31 configures the first reception equalization parameter value and the second device 32 configures the first transmission equalization parameter value; after the first device 31 and the second device 32 are both configured with the equalization parameter values, the first device 31 and the second device 32 perform training interaction to obtain the training result of the first link training, thereby realizing fast link training. In addition, since the equalization parameter retrieval table records the training results of the link training, if the target rate has been used for link training before and the connection between the first device 31 and the second device 32 has not been disconnected, the equalization parameter retrieval table records the training results of the link training at the target rate; if the target rate needs to be used for link training again, the first transmitting equalization parameter value and the first receiving equalization parameter value at the target rate are quickly read and configured directly in the equalization parameter retrieval table according to the target rate, so as to realize fast link training in a specific scenario (that is, a specific rate) and reduce the link training time.

[0147] In one possible implementation, performing first link training between the first device 31 and the second device 32 according to the target training rate also includes: if the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value are not indexed in the equalization parameter retrieval table, indexing in the equalization parameter prediction table according to the target training rate to obtain the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value, wherein the equalization parameter prediction table records the prediction result of the link training; performing training interaction between the first device 31 and the second device 32 according to the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value to obtain the training result of the first link training.

[0148] It should be understood that if the first transmitting equalization parameter value and the first receiving equalization parameter value are not indexed in the equalization parameter retrieval table according to the target rate, it means that there is no link training result at the target rate, that is, before this link training, link training has not been performed at the target rate; and since the equalization parameter prediction table records the predicted results of link training, the equalization parameter prediction table can be indexed according to the target rate to obtain the equalization prediction value, that is, the second transmitting equalization parameter value and the second receiving equalization parameter value are obtained; wherein the equalization prediction value is the equalization parameter value derived by obtaining the loss information of each component of the link, such as the equalization parameter value of the feedforward equalizer (FFE), the equalization parameter value of the continuous time linear equalizer (CTLE), the equalization parameter value of the decision feedback equalizer (DFE) in the equalization parameter prediction table are predicted values.

[0149] In one example, the prediction result of link training includes: the cable identification code of the cable 33; when the first device 31 is a transmitter and the second device 32 is a receiver, the rate supported by the communication system, the channel corresponding to each rate, the second equalization parameter value corresponding to each channel and the reserved parameter; when the first device 31 is a receiver and the second device 32 is a transmitter, the rate supported by the communication system, the number of channels corresponding to each rate, the second equalization parameter value corresponding to each channel and the reserved parameter; wherein the second equalization parameter value is predicted based on the device information of the first device 31, the cable information, and the device information of the second device 32, and the second equalization parameter value includes a second transmission equalization parameter value and a second reception equalization parameter value.

[0150] Specifically, the equalization parameter prediction table is shown in Table 5.

[0151] Table 5 Equilibrium parameter prediction table

[0152]

[0153]

[0154] Among them, "xxx" in Table 5 represents a specific parameter value; Table 5 is dynamically updated, that is, the parameters in Table 5 and the parameter values corresponding to the parameters are dynamically updated according to the actual business needs of the communication system.

[0155] In the example, the equalization parameter prediction table records the rates supported by the communication system, the channels corresponding to each rate, and the second equalization parameter values corresponding to each channel when the first device 31 is a transmitter and the second device 32 is a receiver, or the first device 31 is a receiver and the second device 32 is a transmitter; therefore, for any of the situations in which the first device 31 is a transmitter and the second device 32 is a receiver, or the first device 31 is a receiver and the second device 32 is a transmitter, and for link training of any channel between the first device 31 and the second device 32, the first device 31 and the second device 32 can quickly search for the second equalization parameter in the equalization parameter prediction table according to the target rate.

[0156] Among them, the process of indexing in the equalization parameter prediction table is consistent with the process of indexing in the equalization parameter retrieval table; the process of configuring the second transmit equalization parameter value and the second receive equalization parameter value and performing training interaction after configuring the second transmit equalization parameter value and the second receive equalization parameter value is consistent with the process of configuring the first transmit equalization parameter value and the first receive equalization parameter value and performing training interaction after configuring the first transmit equalization parameter value and the first receive equalization parameter value, and will not be repeated here.

[0157] In an embodiment of the present application, an equalization parameter prediction table is stored in the first device 31, and the equalization parameter prediction table is also stored in the second device 32. The equalization parameter prediction table records the prediction results of the link training, and the prediction results may include equalization parameters derived or predicted through loss information of each link component; when the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value are not indexed in the equalization parameter retrieval table, the first device 31 can index in the equalization parameter prediction table stored therein according to the target training rate, thereby obtaining the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value; the second device 32 can also index in the equalization parameter prediction table stored therein according to the target training rate, thereby obtaining the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second receiving equalization parameter value; after the first device 31 and the second device 32 both obtain the second transmitting equalization parameter value and the second receiving equalization parameter value, if the first device 31 is a transmitting end and the second device 32 is a receiving end, the first device 31 configures the second transmitting equalization parameter value and the second device 32 configures the second receiving equalization parameter value; if the first device 31 is a receiving end and the second device 32 is a transmitting end, the first device 31 configures the second receiving equalization parameter value and the second device 32 configures the second transmitting equalization parameter value; after the first device 31 and the second device 32 are both configured with the equalization parameter value, the first device 31 and the second device 32 perform training interaction to obtain the training result of the first link training, thereby realizing fast link training. In addition, the equalization parameter prediction table records the predicted result of the link training, that is, the predicted equalization parameter. Since the equalization parameter can be predicted, it is not necessary to complete the link training and save the relevant data before the device leaves the factory. The user can freely network different devices according to their needs and perform fast link training after networking.

[0158] In one possible implementation, the first device 31 and / or the second device 32 is further used to: predict the prediction result of the link training based on the device information and cable information of the first device 31 and the device information of the second device 32, and record the prediction result of the link training in the equalization parameter prediction table.

[0159] In an embodiment of the present application, after obtaining the device information, cable information of the first device 31, and device information of the second device 32, the first device 31 will predict the prediction result of the link training based on the device information, cable information of the first device 31, and device information of the second device 32, and record the prediction result of the link training in the equalization parameter prediction table stored therein; after obtaining the device information, cable information of the first device 31, and device information of the second device 32, the second device 32 will also predict the prediction result of the link training based on the device information, cable information of the first device 31, and device information of the second device 32, and record the prediction result of the link training in the equalization parameter prediction table stored therein; this is conducive to the first device 31 and the second device 32 to quickly find the second transmitting equalization parameter and the second receiving equalization parameter in the equalization parameter prediction table according to the target rate.

[0160] In one possible implementation, the training interaction includes: S1, configuring a target transmit equalization parameter value and sending a preset code pattern to the receiving end; S2, configuring a target receive equalization parameter value and detecting whether the preset code pattern is received from the transmitting end; S3, if the preset code pattern is not received from the transmitting end, coarsely adjusting the receive equalization parameter value configured by the receiving end until the preset code pattern is received from the transmitting end; S4, if the preset code pattern is received from the transmitting end, fine-tuning the receive equalization parameter value configured by the receiving end to obtain a training result of the first link training; S5, sending the training result of the first link training to the transmitting end; S6, receiving the training result of the first link training from the receiving end training results; wherein, if the target transmission equalization parameter value is the first transmission equalization parameter value, the target reception equalization parameter value is the first reception equalization parameter value; if the target transmission equalization parameter value is the second transmission equalization parameter value, the target reception equalization parameter value is the second reception equalization parameter value; the preset code type is the code type used for training interaction; if the first device 31 is a transmitting end and the second device 32 is a receiving end, the first device 31 executes steps S1 and S6, and the second device 32 executes steps S2-S5; if the second device 32 is a transmitting end and the first device 31 is a receiving end, the second device 32 executes steps S1 and S6, and the first device 31 executes steps S2-S5.

[0161] During training interaction, the transmitter sends a specific pattern to the receiver, which is used for training interaction. The receiver then detects the presence of this pattern, meaning it detects whether it has received it. Detection of this pattern by the receiver is considered successful; failure to detect this pattern is considered unsuccessful. It should be understood that in transmission over cables, optical fibers, and other lines, an electrical pulse waveform suitable for the channel must be selected to represent (or carry) the digital message code. This form of electrical pulse is often referred to as a (line) pattern.

[0162] It should be noted that, since in the embodiment of the present application, during training interaction, the transmit equalization parameter value configured by the transmitter remains unchanged, and the receive equalization parameter value configured by the receiver needs to be adjusted, then after the link training converges, for the receiver, it knows that the transmit equalization parameter value configured by the other end after training convergence is the target transmit equalization parameter value, and the receive equalization parameter value configured by itself is the receive equalization parameter value after fine-tuning; for the transmitter, it only knows that the transmit equalization parameter value configured by itself is the target transmit equalization parameter value, but does not know what the receive equalization parameter value configured by the other end is, that is, it does not know the receive equalization parameter value after fine-tuning of the other end; therefore, in order to enable the transmitter to also know the receive equalization parameter value configured by the receiver after training convergence, the receiver will also interact with the transmitter through a low-speed channel to transmit information, informing the transmitter that the training has converged, and informing the transmitter of the receive equalization parameter value after training convergence, that is, informing the transmitter of the receive equalization parameter value after fine-tuning; specifically, the receiver sends the training result of the first link training to the transmitter, or sends the receive equalization parameter value after training convergence to the transmitter.

[0163] Specifically, if the first device 31 is a transmitter and the second device 32 is a receiver, the first device 31 configures a target transmit equalization parameter value and the second device 32 configures a target receive equalization parameter value; the first device 31 sends a specific code type for training interaction to the second device 32; the second device 32 detects the code type transmitted to it by the first device 31; when the code type detection is unsuccessful, that is, the second device 32 cannot detect the specific code type, the second device 32 coarse-adjusts its configured receive equalization parameter value until the code type detection is successful; when the code type detection is successful, that is, the second device 32 detects the specific code type, the second device 32 fine-adjusts its configured receive equalization parameter value to obtain the training result of the first link training; thereafter, the second device 32 sends the training result of the first link training to the first device 31; the first device 31 receives the training result of the first link training from the second device 32. Alternatively, if the second device 32 is a transmitter and the first device 31 is a receiver, the second device 32 configures a target transmit equalization parameter value and the first device 31 configures a target receive equalization parameter value; the second device 32 sends a specific code pattern for training interaction to the first device 31; the first device 31 detects the code pattern transmitted to it by the second device 32; when the code pattern detection is unsuccessful, that is, the first device 31 cannot detect the specific code pattern, the first device 31 coarse-adjusts its configured receive equalization parameter value until the code pattern detection is successful; when the code pattern detection is successful, that is, the first device 31 detects the specific code pattern, the first device 31 fine-adjusts its configured receive equalization parameter value to obtain the training result of the first link training; thereafter, the first device 31 sends the training result of the first link training to the second device 32; the second device 32 receives the training result of the first link training from the first device 31.

[0164] It should be understood that coarse adjustment refers to a larger adjustment, and fine adjustment refers to a smaller adjustment, for example, the step size of the coarse adjustment is larger than the step size of the fine adjustment. Specifically, the receiving equalization parameter value configured by the receiving end is within a certain range, and the receiving end can receive the preset code type from the transmitting end; if the receiving end cannot receive the preset code type, it means that the receiving equalization value currently configured by the receiving end is not within the range, and a large adjustment is required to make the receiving equalization value currently configured by the receiving end within the range, so that the receiving end can receive the preset code type; if the receiving end can receive the preset code type, it means that the receiving equalization value currently configured by the receiving end is within the range, and in order to achieve equalization convergence, that is, to obtain the optimal receiving equalization value, a small adjustment is made to obtain the training result of the first link training. In addition, in the existing link training, during the training interaction process, it is necessary to adjust the sending equalization parameter value configured by the transmitting end, and it is also necessary to adjust the receiving equalization parameter value configured by the receiving end, in order to obtain the training result of the link training.

[0165] In an embodiment of the present application, during the training interaction process, the transmission equalization parameter value of the transmitting end is kept unchanged, and only the reception equalization parameter value of the receiving end needs to be adjusted to obtain the training result of the link training. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application takes less time in the training interaction process, and thus the overall time of the link training is less.

[0166] In a possible implementation, if the first link training fails, the first device 31 and / or the second device 32 is further configured to perform a second link training between the first device 31 and the second device 32 at a preset rate.

[0167] It should be understood that if the first link training does not obtain a training result or the training result obtained by the first link training is incorrect, it means that the first link training has failed. Then, in order to determine whether the link training result between the first device 31 and the second device 32 can be obtained, the second link training between the first device 31 and the second device 32 is performed.

[0168] In an embodiment of the present application, if the first link training does not obtain a training result, that is, the fast link training at a higher rate does not obtain a training result, then the second link training is performed, that is, link training is performed at a lower rate, for example, link training is performed at the lowest rate, so as to ensure that the training result of the link training is obtained.

[0169] In one possible implementation, after obtaining the training result of the first link training or the training result of the second link training, the first device 31 and / or the second device 32 is further used to: update the equalization parameter retrieval table according to the training result of the first link training or the training result of the second link training.

[0170] Specifically, the first device 31 updates the equalization parameter retrieval table stored in the first memory 311 based on the training results of the first link training or the training results of the second link training. The second device 32 updates the equalization parameter retrieval table stored in the second memory 321 based on the training results of the first link training or the training results of the second link training. The updated equalization parameter retrieval table is shown in Table 6.

[0171] Table 6 Updated equalization parameter retrieval table

[0172]

[0173] Among them, "xxx" in Table 6 represents specific parameter values.

[0174] In an embodiment of the present application, if the first link training at the target rate is successful, the equalization parameter retrieval table is updated based on the training results of the first link training, that is, the equalization parameters in the training results of the first link training are recorded in the position corresponding to the target rate in the equalization parameter retrieval table. If link training at the target rate is required in the future, the equalization parameters corresponding to the target rate can be directly indexed in the equalization parameter retrieval table, thereby improving the link training speed and achieving fast link training. In addition, if the second link training at a lower rate is successful, the equalization parameter retrieval table can also be updated based on the training results of the second link training, that is, the equalization parameters in the training results of the second link training are recorded in the position corresponding to the lower rate in the equalization parameter retrieval table. If link training at the lower rate is required in the future, the equalization parameters corresponding to the lower rate can be directly indexed in the equalization parameter retrieval table. For example, the equalization parameters obtained by link training at the lowest rate are recorded in the equalization parameter retrieval table. When link training at the lowest rate is required in the future, the equalization parameters at the lowest rate can be quickly obtained. This can also improve the link training speed and facilitate fast link training.

[0175] It should be noted that there may be multiple channels between the first device 31 and the second device 32. That is, the cable 33 includes multiple channels for data transmission between the first device 31 and the second device 32. The link training between the first device 31 and the second device 32 is only the link training of one of the multiple channels between the first device 31 and the second device 32. For example, there are 8 channels or 4 channels between the first device 31 and the second device 32. When there are 8 channels, there are 6 specific scenarios, namely: the first device 31 is a transmitter of 8 channels, and the second device 32 is a receiver of 8 channels; the first device 31 is a transmitter of 6 channels and a receiver of 2 channels, and the second device 32 is a transmitter of 2 channels and a receiver of 6 channels; the first device 31 is a transmitter of 4 channels and a receiver of 4 channels, and the second device 32 is a transmitter of 4 channels and a receiver of 4 channels; the second device 32 is a transmitter of 8 channels, and the first device 31 is a receiver of 8 channels; the second device 32 is a transmitter of 6 channels and a receiver of 2 channels, and the first device 31 is a transmitter of 2 channels and a receiver of 6 channels; the second device 32 is a transmitter of 4 channels and a receiver of 4 channels, and the first device 31 is a transmitter of 4 channels and a receiver of 4 channels. When there are 4 channels, there are also 6 specific scenarios, namely: the first device 31 is a transmitter of 4 channels, and the second device 32 is a receiver of 4 channels; the first device 31 is a transmitter of 3 channels and a receiver of 1 channel, and the second device 32 is a transmitter of 1 channel and a receiver of 3 channels; the first device 31 is a transmitter of 2 channels and a receiver of 2 channels, and the second device 32 is a transmitter of 2 channels and a receiver of 2 channels; the second device 32 is a transmitter of 4 channels, and the first device 31 is a receiver of 4 channels; the second device 32 is a transmitter of 3 channels and a receiver of 1 channel, and the first device 31 is a transmitter of 1 channel and a receiver of 3 channels; the second device 32 is a transmitter of 2 channels and a receiver of 2 channels, and the first device 31 is a transmitter of 2 channels and a receiver of 2 channels. It should be understood that the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the number of channels between the first device 31 and the second device 32, and the above is merely an exemplary description.

[0176] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a link training method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The method is applied to a communication system, which includes a first device, a second device, and a cable connecting the first device and the second device. The cable stores cable information of the cable, and the cable information is used to characterize the capability of the cable. The method can be applied to Figure 3 The communication system shown; the method includes but is not limited to the following steps:

[0177] Step 401: The first device obtains device information of the first device, obtains the cable information from the cable, and obtains device information of the second device, wherein the device information is used to characterize the capabilities of the device;

[0178] Step 402: The second device obtains device information of the first device, obtains the cable information from the cable, and obtains device information of the second device;

[0179] Step 403: The first device performs link training with the second device based on the device information, cable information, and device information of the second device.

[0180] Step 404: The second device performs link training between the first device and the second device according to the device information, cable information, and device information of the second device.

[0181] In one possible implementation, the cable information includes a rate supported by the cable, the device information of the first device includes a rate supported by the first device, and the device information of the second device includes a rate supported by the second device; link training is performed between the first device and the second device based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, including: determining a target training rate based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device; and performing first link training between the first device and the second device based on the target training rate.

[0182] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: if any one of the device information, cable information, or device information of the first device or the second device is not obtained, detecting whether the link component has been plugged in or powered off after the previous link training was successful; wherein the link component includes the first device, the second device, or the cable; if the link component has not been plugged in or powered off after the previous link training was successful, determining the target training rate based on the training result of the previous link training; if the link component has been plugged in or powered off after the previous link training was successful, performing second link training between the first device and the second device, wherein the training rate of the second link training is a preset rate.

[0183] In one possible implementation, first link training is performed between a first device and a second device according to a target training rate, including: indexing an equalization parameter retrieval table according to the target training rate to obtain a first transmission equalization parameter value and a first reception equalization parameter value, wherein the equalization parameter retrieval table records a training result of the link training; and performing training interaction between the first device and the second device according to the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value to obtain a training result of the first link training.

[0184] In one possible implementation, the training results of the link training include: a cable identification code of the cable; when the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, the rates supported by the communication system, the channels corresponding to each rate, and the first equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; when the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, the rates supported by the communication system, the number of channels corresponding to each rate, and the first equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; wherein the first equalization parameter value is obtained by link training, and the first equalization parameter value includes a first transmission equalization parameter value and a first reception equalization parameter value.

[0185] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: if the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value are not indexed in the equalization parameter retrieval table, indexing in the equalization parameter prediction table according to the target training rate to obtain the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value, wherein the equalization parameter prediction table records the prediction result of the link training; and performing training interaction between the first device and the second device according to the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value to obtain the training result of the first link training.

[0186] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: the first device predicts a prediction result of link training based on the device information, cable information, and device information of the first device, and records the prediction result of the link training in an equalization parameter prediction table; the second device predicts a prediction result of link training based on the device information, cable information, and device information of the first device, and records the prediction result of the link training in the equalization parameter prediction table.

[0187] In one possible implementation, the prediction result of the link training includes: a cable identification code of the cable; when the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, the rates supported by the communication system, the channels corresponding to each rate, and the second equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; when the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, the rates supported by the communication system, the number of channels corresponding to each rate, and the second equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; wherein the second equalization parameter value is predicted based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, and the second equalization parameter value includes a second transmission equalization parameter value and a second reception equalization parameter value.

[0188] In one possible implementation, if the electronic device is a transmitter, the training interaction includes: configuring a target transmission equalization parameter value and sending a preset code pattern to the receiver, wherein the receiver is configured with a target reception equalization parameter value; receiving a training result of the first link training from the receiver; if the electronic device is a receiver, the training interaction includes: configuring a target reception equalization parameter value and detecting whether a preset code pattern from the transmitter is received, wherein the transmitter is configured with a target transmission equalization parameter value; if the preset code pattern from the transmitter is not received, then coarsely adjusting the configured reception equalization parameter value until a preset code pattern from the transmitter is detected. The preset code pattern of the end is received; if the preset code pattern is received from the transmitting end, the configured receiving equalization parameter value is fine-tuned to obtain the training result of the first link training; wherein, if the transmitting end is the first device, the receiving end is the second device; if the transmitting end is the second device, the receiving end is the first device; wherein, if the target transmitting equalization parameter value is the first transmitting equalization parameter value, the target receiving equalization parameter value is the first receiving equalization parameter value; if the target transmitting equalization parameter value is the second transmitting equalization parameter value, the target receiving equalization parameter value is the second receiving equalization parameter value; wherein the preset code pattern is the code pattern used for training interaction.

[0189] In a possible implementation, if the first link training fails, the method further includes: performing a second link training between the first device and the second device at a preset rate.

[0190] In a possible implementation, after obtaining the training result of the first link training or the training result of the second link training, the method further includes: updating the equalization parameter retrieval table according to the training result of the first link training or the training result of the second link training.

[0191] It should be noted that the specific process of the link training method described in the embodiment of the present application can be found in the above Figure 3 The relevant descriptions in the illustrated embodiments are not repeated here.

[0192] exist Figure 4In the described link training method, the first device stores device information of the first device, the second device stores device information of the second device, the first device and the second device are connected by a cable, and the cable information of the cable is stored in the cable; during link training, the first device obtains the device information of the first device stored in it, obtains the cable information from the cable, and obtains the device information of the second device from the second device; the second device obtains the device information of the second device stored in it, obtains the cable information from the cable, and obtains the device information of the first device from the first device; after the first device and the second device both obtain the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, link training between the first device and the second device can be performed according to the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device; for example, the first device and the second device can both determine the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system according to the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, and perform fast link training between the first device and the second device at the maximum operating rate. It can be seen that since the first device stores the device information of the first device, the second device stores the device information of the second device, and the cable stores the cable information of the cable, after any one or more link components in the first device, the second device, and the cable are replaced, when link training is performed again, the first device and the second device can still quickly obtain the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, so that the communication system does not need to be initialized and can still achieve fast link training.

[0193] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 : is a flow chart of another link training method provided in an embodiment of the present application, the method is applied to a communication system, the communication system includes a first device, a second device and a cable connecting the first device and the second device, the cable stores cable information of the cable, and the cable information is used to characterize the capability of the cable; wherein the method can be applied to Figure 3 The communication system shown; the method includes but is not limited to the following steps:

[0194] Step 501: Detect whether there is device information of a first device, cable information, and device information of a second device, wherein the device information is used to characterize the capabilities of the devices.

[0195] Before link training begins, after the communication system is started, the first device and the second device each detect whether a cable is plugged in. That is, the first device and the second device each detect whether the cable is connected to them. If the detection result is negative, indicating that the cable is not plugged in to the first device or the second device, the first device or the second device will continue to detect whether a cable is plugged in. If the detection result is positive, the first device obtains the cable information of the cable from the cable, and the second device also obtains the cable information of the cable from the cable. Since the first device stores the device information of the first device and the second device stores the device information of the second device, the first device also obtains the device information of the second device from the second device, and the first device also reads the device information of the first device stored in its own storage. Similarly, the second device also obtains the device information of the first device from the first device, and the second device also reads the device information of the second device stored in its own storage. Then, the first device and the second device each detect whether they have the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device. That is, the first device and the second device each detect whether they have obtained the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device.

[0196] If the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device are not detected, the system will execute step 502. That is, if either the first device or the second device detects that any of the first device's device information, the cable information, and the second device's device information are not present, both the first device and the second device will execute step 502. If the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the second device's device information are present, the system will enter Fast Link Training (FT) mode. That is, if both the first device and the second device detect that all three of the first device's device information, the cable information, and the second device's device information are present, both the first device and the second device will execute step 504.

[0197] Step 502: Detect whether the device is unplugged and / or powered off.

[0198] Specifically, the first device detects whether the first device, cable, or second device has been plugged in or unplugged, or powered off since the previous successful link training. The second device also detects whether the first device, cable, or second device has been plugged in or unplugged, or powered off since the previous successful link training. If the detection result is yes, the system will enter normal training mode; that is, as long as one of the first and second devices detects that the first device, cable, or second device has been plugged in or unplugged, or powered off since the previous successful link training, both the first and second devices will execute step 503. If the detection result is no, the system will enter fast training mode; that is, if both the first and second devices detect that the first device, cable, or second device has not been plugged in or unplugged, or powered off since the previous successful link training, both the first and second devices will begin executing step 504.

[0199] Step 503: Regular link training.

[0200] Conventional training uses the lowest link rate for link training. After a successful link establishment at the lowest rate, higher rates are attempted based on the communication system's rate requirements. This refers to the communication rate required by the communication system as determined by the service. Conventional training allows for disabling operations such as FFE and DFE. Furthermore, fast link training takes significantly less time than conventional link training.

[0201] Step 504: Check whether the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value are found in the equalization parameter search table.

[0202] Specifically, the first device determines the communication rate required for link training based on the device information of the first device it reads, the cable information it obtains, the device information of the second device, and the service requirements of the communication system. The first device then matches the communication rate with the equalization parameter retrieval table stored in the first device. If a match is successful, the first transmit equalization parameter value and the first receive equalization parameter value under the system state for the communication rate are read from the equalization parameter retrieval table. Similarly, the second device also determines the communication rate required for link training based on the device information of the second device it reads, the cable information it obtains, the device information of the first device, and the service requirements of the communication system. The second device then matches the communication rate with the equalization parameter retrieval table stored in the second device. If a match is successful, the first transmit equalization parameter value and the first receive equalization parameter value under the system state for the communication rate are read from the equalization parameter retrieval table.

[0203] Step 505: Configure a first transmit equalization parameter value and a first receive equalization parameter value.

[0204] Specifically, after the first device and the second device both obtain the first transmit equalization parameter value and the first receive equalization parameter value, if the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, the first device configures the first transmit equalization parameter value and the second device configures the first receive equalization parameter value; if the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, the first device configures the first receive equalization parameter value and the second device configures the first transmit equalization parameter value.

[0205] Step 506: Index the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value in the equalization parameter prediction table, and configure the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value.

[0206] Among them, if the first transmitting equalization parameter value and the first receiving equalization parameter value are not indexed in the equalization parameter retrieval table, the second transmitting equalization parameter value and the second receiving equalization parameter value are indexed in the equalization parameter prediction table, and the second transmitting equalization parameter value and the second receiving equalization parameter value in the equalization parameter prediction table are the predicted values of the equalization parameters.

[0207] Specifically, the first device reads the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value under the system state of the communication rate from the equalization parameter prediction table stored in the first device according to the communication rate determined above; the second device also reads the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value under the system state of the communication rate from the equalization parameter prediction table stored in the second device according to the communication rate determined above. After both the first device and the second device obtain the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value, if the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, the first device configures the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second device configures the second reception equalization parameter value; if the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, the first device configures the second reception equalization parameter value and the second device configures the second transmission equalization parameter value.

[0208] Step 507: Training interaction.

[0209] The purpose of training interaction is to ensure the accuracy of fast link training. Figure 6 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0210] Step 5071: Send / receive initialization assignment.

[0211] The first device and the second device are both configured with equalization parameter values, and the device configurations are initialized. Specifically, if the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, the first device is configured with the target transmit equalization parameter value and the second device is configured with the target receive equalization parameter value; if the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, the first device is configured with the target receive equalization parameter value and the second device is configured with the target transmit equalization parameter value; if the target transmit equalization parameter value is the first transmit equalization parameter value, the target receive equalization parameter value is the first receive equalization parameter value; if the target transmit equalization parameter value is the second transmit equalization parameter value, the target receive equalization parameter value is the second receive equalization parameter value.

[0212] Step 5072: Check whether the code pattern is successful.

[0213] Specifically, the receiving end performs code type detection. If the first device is the transmitting end and the second device is the receiving end, the second device performs code type detection; if the first device is the receiving end and the second device is the transmitting end, the first device performs code type detection; if the code type detection is unsuccessful, go to step 5073; if the code type detection is successful, go to step 5074.

[0214] Step 5073: Sweep the gears significantly.

[0215] Specifically, the receiving end performs a large-scale sweep, that is, the receiving end significantly adjusts its configured receive equalization parameter values until the code pattern is successfully detected; the transmitting end does not adjust its configured transmit equalization parameter values. If the first device is the transmitting end and the second device is the receiving end, the second device performs the large-scale sweep; if the first device is the receiving end and the second device is the transmitting end, the first device performs the large-scale sweep.

[0216] Step 5074: Receive equalization fine-tuning.

[0217] Specifically, after successful pattern detection, the receiver automatically and slightly optimizes its corresponding receive equalization parameter values, including CTLE fine-tuning and DFE convergence. The transmitter, however, does not adjust its configured transmit equalization parameter values. If the first device is the transmitter and the second device is the receiver, the second device performs receive equalization fine-tuning. If the first device is the receiver and the second device is the transmitter, the first device performs receive equalization fine-tuning.

[0218] It should be noted that, if after the training interaction, the fast link training does not obtain a training result, or the training result obtained by the fast link training is incorrect, the fast link training fails, and step 503 is executed to perform regular link training.

[0219] Step 508: Link training is completed.

[0220] Among them, after the equalization converges, that is, the equalization parameter converges to a fixed value, it means that the link training is completed and the training result of the link training is obtained. Then, the first device updates its stored equalization parameter retrieval table according to the training result of the link training, and the second device also updates its stored equalization parameter retrieval table according to the training result of the link training, that is, the first device and the second device both execute step 509.

[0221] Step 509: Update the equalization parameter search table.

[0222] It should be noted that the specific process of the link training method described in the embodiment of the present application can be found in the above Figure 3 or Figure 4 The relevant descriptions in the illustrated embodiments are not repeated here.

[0223] exist Figure 5 In the described link training method, the first device stores device information of the first device, the second device stores device information of the second device, the first device and the second device are connected by a cable, and the cable information of the cable is stored in the cable; during link training, the first device obtains the device information of the first device stored in it, obtains the cable information from the cable, and obtains the device information of the second device from the second device; the second device obtains the device information of the second device stored in it, obtains the cable information from the cable, and obtains the device information of the first device from the first device; after the first device and the second device both obtain the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, link training between the first device and the second device can be performed according to the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device; for example, the first device and the second device can both determine the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system according to the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, and perform fast link training between the first device and the second device at the maximum operating rate. It can be seen that since the first device stores the device information of the first device, the second device stores the device information of the second device, and the cable stores the cable information of the cable, after any one or more link components in the first device, the second device, and the cable are replaced, when link training is performed again, the first device and the second device can still quickly obtain the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, so that the communication system does not need to be initialized and can still achieve fast link training.

[0224] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7: is a structural diagram of a link training device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The link training device 700 may include an acquisition unit 701 and a training unit 702. The link training device 700 is applied to a communication system. The communication system includes a first device, a second device, and a cable connecting the first device and the second device. The cable stores cable information of the cable, and the cable information is used to characterize the capability of the cable. The link training device 700 can be specifically applied to the first device and / or the second device in the communication system. The communication system can be Figure 3 The communication system shown in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 2 , wherein each unit is described in detail as follows:

[0225] An acquiring unit 701 is configured to acquire device information of a first device, acquire the cable information from a cable, and acquire device information of a second device, wherein the device information is used to characterize device capabilities;

[0226] The training unit 702 is configured to perform link training between the first device and the second device according to the device information, the cable information of the first device, and the device information of the second device.

[0227] In one possible implementation, the cable information includes a rate supported by the cable, the device information of the first device includes a rate supported by the first device, and the device information of the second device includes a rate supported by the second device; the training unit 702 is specifically used to: determine a target training rate based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device; and perform first link training between the first device and the second device based on the target training rate.

[0228] In one possible implementation, the training unit 702 is further used to: if any one of the device information, cable information or device information of the first device or the second device is not obtained, detect whether the link component has been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training is successful; wherein the link component includes the first device, the second device or the cable; if the link component has not been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training is successful, determine the target training rate according to the training result of the previous link training; if the link component has been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training is successful, perform second link training between the first device and the second device, wherein the training rate of the second link training is a preset rate.

[0229] In one possible implementation, the training unit 702 is specifically used to: index in the equalization parameter retrieval table according to the target training rate to obtain a first transmission equalization parameter value and a first reception equalization parameter value, wherein the equalization parameter retrieval table records the training results of the link training; and perform training interaction between the first device and the second device according to the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value to obtain the training results of the first link training.

[0230] In one possible implementation, the training results of the link training include: a cable identification code of the cable; when the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, the rates supported by the communication system, the channels corresponding to each rate, and the first equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; when the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, the rates supported by the communication system, the number of channels corresponding to each rate, and the first equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; wherein the first equalization parameter value is obtained by link training, and the first equalization parameter value includes a first transmission equalization parameter value and a first reception equalization parameter value.

[0231] In one possible implementation, the training unit 702 is further used to: if the first transmission equalization parameter value and the first reception equalization parameter value are not indexed in the equalization parameter retrieval table, index in the equalization parameter prediction table according to the target training rate to obtain the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value, wherein the equalization parameter prediction table records the prediction result of the link training; and perform training interaction between the first device and the second device according to the second transmission equalization parameter value and the second reception equalization parameter value to obtain the training result of the first link training.

[0232] In a possible implementation, the training unit 702 is further configured to: predict a link training prediction result based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, and record the link training prediction result in an equalization parameter prediction table.

[0233] In one possible implementation, the prediction result of the link training includes: a cable identification code of the cable; when the first device is a transmitter and the second device is a receiver, the rates supported by the communication system, the channels corresponding to each rate, and the second equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; when the first device is a receiver and the second device is a transmitter, the rates supported by the communication system, the number of channels corresponding to each rate, and the second equalization parameter value and reserved parameters corresponding to each channel; wherein the second equalization parameter value is predicted based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, and the second equalization parameter value includes a second transmission equalization parameter value and a second reception equalization parameter value.

[0234] In one possible implementation, if the electronic device is a transmitter, the training interaction includes: configuring a target transmission equalization parameter value and sending a preset code pattern to the receiver, wherein the receiver is configured with a target reception equalization parameter value; receiving a training result of the first link training from the receiver; if the electronic device is a receiver, the training interaction includes: configuring a target reception equalization parameter value and detecting whether a preset code pattern from the transmitter is received, wherein the transmitter is configured with a target transmission equalization parameter value; if the preset code pattern from the transmitter is not received, then coarsely adjusting the configured reception equalization parameter value until a preset code pattern from the transmitter is detected. The preset code pattern of the end is received; if the preset code pattern is received from the transmitting end, the configured receiving equalization parameter value is fine-tuned to obtain the training result of the first link training; wherein, if the transmitting end is the first device, the receiving end is the second device; if the transmitting end is the second device, the receiving end is the first device; wherein, if the target transmitting equalization parameter value is the first transmitting equalization parameter value, the target receiving equalization parameter value is the first receiving equalization parameter value; if the target transmitting equalization parameter value is the second transmitting equalization parameter value, the target receiving equalization parameter value is the second receiving equalization parameter value; wherein the preset code pattern is the code pattern used for training interaction.

[0235] In a possible implementation, if the first link training fails, the training unit 702 is further configured to: perform second link training between the first device and the second device at a preset rate.

[0236] In a possible implementation, after obtaining the training result of the first link training or the training result of the second link training, the training unit 702 is further configured to update the equalization parameter retrieval table according to the training result of the first link training or the training result of the second link training.

[0237] It should be noted that the implementation of each unit in the embodiment of the present application can also refer to Figure 3-Figure 6 The relevant descriptions of the illustrated embodiments are omitted here. Of course, the link training device 700 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes but is not limited to the above-mentioned unit modules. For example, the link training device 700 may also include a storage unit 703. The storage unit 703 may be used to store program codes and data of the link training device 700.

[0238] exist Figure 7In the described link training device 700, the first device stores device information of the first device, the second device stores device information of the second device, the first device and the second device are connected by a cable, and the cable information of the cable is stored in the cable; during link training, the first device obtains the device information of the first device stored therein, obtains the cable information from the cable, and obtains the device information of the second device from the second device; the second device obtains the device information of the second device stored therein, obtains the cable information from the cable, and obtains the device information of the first device from the first device; after the first device and the second device both obtain the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, link training between the first device and the second device can be performed based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device; for example, the first device and the second device can both determine the maximum operating rate supported by the communication system based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, and perform fast link training between the first device and the second device at the maximum operating rate. It can be seen that since the first device stores the device information of the first device, the second device stores the device information of the second device, and the cable stores the cable information of the cable, after any one or more link components in the first device, the second device, and the cable are replaced, when link training is performed again, the first device and the second device can still quickly obtain the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device, so that the communication system does not need to be initialized and can still achieve fast link training.

[0239] See also Figure 8 , Figure 8 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that the electronic device 800 can be the first device or the second device described above. The electronic device 800 may include an antenna system 810, a radio frequency (RF) circuit 820, a processor 830, a memory 840, a camera 850, an audio circuit 860, a display 870, one or more sensors 880, and a wireless transceiver 890.

[0240] The antenna system 810 may be one or more antennas, or an antenna array consisting of multiple antennas. The RF circuit 820 may include one or more analog RF transceivers, or one or more digital RF transceivers, and is coupled to the antenna system 810. It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present application, coupling refers to interconnection in a specific manner, including direct connection or indirect connection through other devices, such as connection through various interfaces, transmission lines, buses, etc. The RF circuit 820 may be used for various types of cellular wireless communications.

[0241] The processor 830 may include a communication processor that can be used to control the radio frequency circuit 820 to receive and transmit signals through the antenna system 810. The signal may be a voice signal, a media signal, or a control signal. The processor 830 may include various general-purpose processing devices, such as a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a system on chip (SOC), a processor integrated on an SOC, a separate processor chip or controller, etc. The processor 830 may also include a dedicated processing device, such as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or a digital signal processor (DSP), a dedicated video or graphics processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a neural-network processing unit (NPU). The processor 830 may be a processor group consisting of multiple processors, and the multiple processors are coupled to each other through one or more buses. The processor may include an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) to achieve signal connection between different components of the device.

[0242] The memory 840 is coupled to the processor 830. Specifically, the memory 840 may be coupled to the processor 830 via one or more memory controllers. The memory 840 may be used to store computer program instructions, including a computer operating system (OS), various user applications, and user data. The processor 830 may read computer program instructions or user data from the memory 840 or store computer program instructions or user data into the memory 840 to implement related processing functions. The memory 840 can be a non-power-off volatile memory, such as an EMMC (Embedded MultiMedia Card), UFS (Universal Flash Storage) or a read-only memory (ROM), or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions. It can also be a power-off volatile memory (volatile memory), such as a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions. It can also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compact disc, laser disc, digital versatile disc or Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, but is not limited to these. Optionally, the memory 840 may be independent of the processor 830 , or the memory 840 may be integrated with the processor 830 .

[0243] The camera 850 is used to capture images or videos, and the audio circuit 860 is coupled to the processor 830. The audio circuit 860 may include a microphone 861 and a speaker 862. The microphone 861 may receive sound input from the outside world, and the speaker 862 may play audio data.

[0244] Display screen 870 is used to provide the user with various display interfaces or various menu information for selection. For example, the content displayed on display screen 870 includes but is not limited to a soft keyboard, a virtual mouse, virtual keys and icons, etc. These display contents are associated with specific internal modules or functions. Display screen 870 can also accept user input. Specifically, display screen 870 may include a display panel 871 and a touch panel 872.

[0245] The sensor 880 may include an image sensor, a motion sensor, a proximity sensor, an ambient noise sensor, a sound sensor, an accelerometer, a temperature sensor, a gyroscope, or other types of sensors, as well as various combinations thereof. The processor 830 drives the sensor 880 via the sensor controller 82 in the I / O subsystem 80 to receive various information such as audio information, image information, or motion information. The sensor 880 transmits the received information to the processor 830 for processing.

[0246] Wireless transceiver 890 can provide wireless connectivity to other devices. These devices can be peripheral devices such as wireless headsets, Bluetooth headsets, wireless mice, or wireless keyboards, or wireless networks such as Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) networks, Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs), or WLANs. The wireless transceiver 890 can be a Bluetooth-compatible transceiver for wirelessly coupling the processor 830 to peripheral devices such as Bluetooth headsets and wireless mice. The wireless transceiver 890 can also be a WiFi-compatible transceiver for wirelessly coupling the processor 830 to wireless networks or other devices.

[0247] The electronic device 800 may further include other input devices 84 coupled to the processor 830 to receive various user inputs, such as numbers, names, addresses, and media selections. The other input devices 84 may include a keyboard, physical buttons (press buttons, rocker buttons, etc.), a dial, or a slide switch. The electronic device 800 may further include the aforementioned I / O subsystem 80 and a power supply 801. It should be understood that Figure 8 The electronic device 800 is only an example and does not limit the specific form of the electronic device 800. The electronic device 800 may also include Figure 8 Other components that exist or may be added in the future that are not shown.

[0248] See also Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of another electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 900 includes: at least one CPU, memory, the type of memory may include SRAM and ROM, a microcontroller (MCU), a WLAN subsystem, a bus, a transmission interface, etc. Figure 9Not shown, the electronic device 900 may further include an application processor (AP), an NPU and other dedicated processors, as well as other subsystems such as a power management subsystem, a clock management subsystem and a power consumption management subsystem.

[0249] The above-mentioned parts of the electronic device 900 are coupled through connectors. Exemplarily, the connectors include various interfaces, transmission lines or buses, etc. These interfaces are usually electrical communication interfaces, but may also be mechanical interfaces or other forms of interfaces. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0250] Optionally, the CPU can be a single-core (single-CPU) processor or a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor; optionally, the CPU can be a processor group composed of multiple processors, and the multiple processors are coupled to each other through one or more buses. In an optional case, the CPU implements any link training method as in the aforementioned method embodiment by calling the program instructions stored in the above-mentioned memory or the off-chip memory. In an optional case, the CPU and the MCU jointly implement any link training method as in the aforementioned method embodiment, for example, the CPU completes some steps in the link training method, and the MCU completes other steps in the link training method. In an optional case, the AP or other dedicated processor implements any link training method as in the aforementioned method embodiment by calling the program instructions stored in the above-mentioned memory or the off-chip memory.

[0251] The transmission interface may be an interface for receiving and sending data on a processor chip, and the transmission interface generally includes multiple interfaces. In an optional case, the transmission interface may include an internal integrated circuit (I2C) interface, a serial peripheral interface (SPI), a universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter (UART) interface, a general-purpose input / output (GPIO) interface, etc. It should be understood that these interfaces may implement different functions by reusing the same physical interface.

[0252] In an optional case, the transmission interface may also include a High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI), a V-By-One interface, an Embedded Display Port (eDP), a Mobile Industry Processor Interface (MIPI) or a Display Port (DP), etc.

[0253] In one optional case, the above-mentioned parts are integrated on the same chip; in another optional case, the memory can be an independent chip.

[0254] The WLAN subsystem may include, for example, a radio frequency circuit and a baseband.

[0255] The chip involved in the embodiments of the present application is a system manufactured on the same semiconductor substrate using an integrated circuit process, also called a semiconductor chip, which can be a collection of integrated circuits formed on a substrate (usually a semiconductor material such as silicon) using an integrated circuit process, and its outer layer is usually encapsulated by a semiconductor packaging material. The integrated circuit may include various functional devices, each of which includes transistors such as logic gate circuits, metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistors, bipolar transistors or diodes, and may also include other components such as capacitors, resistors or inductors. Each functional device can work independently or under the action of necessary driver software, and can realize various functions such as communication, calculation, or storage.

[0256] An embodiment of the present application also provides a link training device, comprising: a processor and a transmission interface, wherein the processor is configured to call program instructions stored in a memory so that the link training device executes a method as described in any one of the above method embodiments.

[0257] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored. When the computer-readable storage medium is run on an electronic device, the method flow shown in the above method embodiment is implemented.

[0258] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program. When the computer program is run on an electronic device, a computer or a processor, the method flow shown in the above method embodiment is implemented.

[0259] In summary, in an embodiment of the present application, the communication system includes a first device, a cable, and a second device. When the system connection is not disconnected and a certain rate has been used for link training before, when this rate is used for link training again, the sending equalization parameter value and the receiving equalization parameter value under the system state corresponding to the rate are directly read and configured to achieve fast link training in a specific scenario; the maximum operating rate of the system is quickly obtained through the cable information of the cable, the device information of the first device, and the device information of the second device to achieve fast link training at the highest rate; by confirming the cable information of the cable, the device information of the first device, and the device information of the second device, fast link training is achieved when the cable, the first device, or the second device is replaced in a complex scenario; a certain degree of receiving equalization fine-tuning is performed through the cable information, the device information of the first device, and the device information of the second device to achieve high-precision fast link training; by analyzing the cable information, the device information of the first device, and the device information of the second device, the equalization parameters of the system are predicted. By adopting the embodiments of the present application, the link training time can be greatly reduced under the link limit; the FFE adjustment gear can be increased to make the link more compatible and adaptable to scenarios; the needs of replacing cables, the first device or the second device in complex scenarios can be met; the physical link establishment time can be effectively shortened, and it has a good effect on application scenarios such as rapid system startup and rapid TV startup; a certain degree of reception equalization fine-tuning can be performed through cable information, device information of the first device, and device information of the second device, which can meet the needs of fast link training with high precision.

[0260] It should be understood that the processor mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (CPU), or may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.

[0261] It should also be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct RAM bus random access memory (DR RAM).

[0262] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) is integrated into the processor.

[0263] It should be noted that the memory described herein is intended to include, but not be limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0264] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0265] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this specification can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0266] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0267] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the above units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0268] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0269] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0270] If the above functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the above methods of each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0271] The steps in the method of the embodiment of the present application can be adjusted in order, combined and deleted according to actual needs. In addition, the terms and explanations in each embodiment of the present application can refer to the corresponding descriptions in other embodiments.

[0272] The modules in the device of the embodiment of the present application can be merged, divided and deleted according to actual needs.

[0273] The above description and the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A link training method, characterized in that: Applied to an electronic device, the electronic device being a first device or a second device in a communication system, the first device and the second device being connected via a cable, the cable storing cable information thereof, the cable information being used to characterize cable capabilities; The method comprises: Acquire device information of the first device, acquire the cable information from the cable, and acquire device information of the second device, wherein the device information is used to characterize device capabilities; performing link training between the first device and the second device according to the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device; The cable information includes a rate supported by the cable, the device information of the first device includes a rate supported by the first device, and the device information of the second device includes a rate supported by the second device; and performing link training between the first device and the second device based on the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device includes: determining a target training rate according to the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device; First link training is performed between the first device and the second device according to the target training rate.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: If any of the device information of the first device, the cable information, or the device information of the second device is not obtained, detecting whether a link component has been unplugged or powered off after a previous successful link training; wherein the link component includes the first device, the second device, or the cable; If the link component has not been unplugged or powered off since the last successful link training, determining the target training rate according to the training result of the last link training; If the link component has been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training was successful, a second link training is performed between the first device and the second device, wherein the training rate of the second link training is a preset rate.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The performing first link training between the first device and the second device according to the target training rate includes: Indexing an equalization parameter retrieval table according to the target training rate to obtain a first transmit equalization parameter value and a first receive equalization parameter value, wherein the equalization parameter retrieval table records a training result of the link training; A training interaction is performed between the first device and the second device according to the first transmit equalization parameter value and the first receive equalization parameter value to obtain a training result of the first link training.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The performing the first link training between the first device and the second device according to the target training rate further includes: If the first transmit equalization parameter value and the first receive equalization parameter value are not indexed in the equalization parameter retrieval table, indexing in an equalization parameter prediction table according to the target training rate to obtain a second transmit equalization parameter value and a second receive equalization parameter value, wherein the equalization parameter prediction table records a prediction result of link training; Training interaction is performed between the first device and the second device according to the second transmit equalization parameter value and the second receive equalization parameter value to obtain a training result of the first link training.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that ； If the electronic device is a transmitting end, the training interaction includes: configuring a target transmitting equalization parameter value and sending a preset code pattern to a receiving end, wherein the receiving end is configured with the target receiving equalization parameter value; receiving a training result of the first link training from the receiving end; If the electronic device is the receiving end, the training interaction includes: configuring the target receiving equalization parameter value and detecting whether the preset code pattern is received from the transmitting end, wherein the transmitting end is configured with the target transmitting equalization parameter value; if the preset code pattern is not received from the transmitting end, coarsely adjusting the configured receiving equalization parameter value until the preset code pattern from the transmitting end is detected; if the preset code pattern is received from the transmitting end, fine-tuning the configured receiving equalization parameter value to obtain a training result of the first link training; If the transmitting end is the first device, the receiving end is the second device; if the transmitting end is the second device, the receiving end is the first device; If the target transmit equalization parameter value is the first transmit equalization parameter value, the target receive equalization parameter value is the first receive equalization parameter value; if the target transmit equalization parameter value is the second transmit equalization parameter value, the target receive equalization parameter value is the second receive equalization parameter value; The preset code pattern is a code pattern used for training interaction.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that If the first link training fails, the method further includes: A second link training is performed between the first device and the second device at a preset rate.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The preset rate is the lowest rate.

8. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The preset rate is a minimum rate, and the method further includes: After the link is successfully established at the lowest rate, a higher rate is attempted according to the rate requirement of the communication system.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that After obtaining the training result of the first link training or obtaining the training result of the second link training, the method further includes: The equalization parameter retrieval table is updated according to the training result of the first link training or the training result of the second link training.

10. A link training device, characterized in that: Applied to an electronic device, the electronic device being a first device or a second device in a communication system, the first device and the second device being connected via a cable, the cable storing cable information thereof, the cable information being used to characterize cable capabilities; The link training device comprises: an acquiring unit, configured to acquire device information of the first device, acquire the cable information from the cable, and acquire device information of the second device, wherein the device information is used to characterize device capabilities; a training unit, configured to perform link training between the first device and the second device according to the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device; The cable information includes a rate supported by the cable, the device information of the first device includes a rate supported by the first device, and the device information of the second device includes a rate supported by the second device; the training unit is specifically configured to: determining a target training rate according to the device information of the first device, the cable information, and the device information of the second device; First link training is performed between the first device and the second device according to the target training rate.

11. The link training device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The training unit is further configured to: If any of the device information of the first device, the cable information, or the device information of the second device is not obtained, detecting whether a link component has been unplugged or powered off after a previous successful link training; wherein the link component includes the first device, the second device, or the cable; If the link component has not been unplugged or powered off since the last successful link training, determining the target training rate according to the training result of the last link training; If the link component has been unplugged or powered off after the previous link training was successful, a second link training is performed between the first device and the second device, wherein the training rate of the second link training is a preset rate.

12. The link training device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that: The training unit is specifically used to: Indexing an equalization parameter retrieval table according to the target training rate to obtain a first transmit equalization parameter value and a first receive equalization parameter value, wherein the equalization parameter retrieval table records a training result of the link training; A training interaction is performed between the first device and the second device according to the first transmit equalization parameter value and the first receive equalization parameter value to obtain a training result of the first link training.

13. The link training device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The training unit is further configured to: If the first transmit equalization parameter value and the first receive equalization parameter value are not indexed in the equalization parameter retrieval table, indexing in an equalization parameter prediction table according to the target training rate to obtain a second transmit equalization parameter value and a second receive equalization parameter value, wherein the equalization parameter prediction table records a prediction result of link training; Training interaction is performed between the first device and the second device according to the second transmit equalization parameter value and the second receive equalization parameter value to obtain a training result of the first link training.

14. The link training device according to claim 13, characterized in that ； If the electronic device is a transmitting end, the training interaction includes: configuring a target transmitting equalization parameter value and sending a preset code pattern to a receiving end, wherein the receiving end is configured with the target receiving equalization parameter value; receiving a training result of the first link training from the receiving end; If the electronic device is the receiving end, the training interaction includes: configuring the target receiving equalization parameter value and detecting whether the preset code pattern is received from the transmitting end, wherein the transmitting end is configured with the target transmitting equalization parameter value; if the preset code pattern is not received from the transmitting end, coarsely adjusting the configured receiving equalization parameter value until the preset code pattern from the transmitting end is detected; if the preset code pattern is received from the transmitting end, fine-tuning the configured receiving equalization parameter value to obtain a training result of the first link training; If the transmitting end is the first device, the receiving end is the second device; if the transmitting end is the second device, the receiving end is the first device; If the target transmit equalization parameter value is the first transmit equalization parameter value, the target receive equalization parameter value is the first receive equalization parameter value; if the target transmit equalization parameter value is the second transmit equalization parameter value, the target receive equalization parameter value is the second receive equalization parameter value; The preset code pattern is a code pattern used for training interaction.

15. The link training device according to claim 10, characterized in that: If the first link training fails, the training unit is further configured to: A second link training is performed between the first device and the second device at a preset rate.

16. The device according to claim 15, characterized in that The preset rate is the lowest rate.

17. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that The preset rate is a minimum rate, and the training unit is further configured to: After the link is successfully established at the lowest rate, a higher rate is attempted according to the rate requirement of the communication system.

18. The link training device according to claim 15, characterized in that: After obtaining the training result of the first link training or the training result of the second link training, the training unit is further configured to: The equalization parameter retrieval table is updated according to the training result of the first link training or the training result of the second link training.

19. An electronic device, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, and the programs include instructions for performing the steps in the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

20. A link training device, characterized in that: include: A processor and a transmission interface, wherein the processor is configured to call program instructions stored in a memory so that the link training device performs the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

21. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer stores a computer program for electronic data exchange, wherein the computer program causes a computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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