Combined permanent and temporary support structure for steep cliff bridge
By adopting a pile foundation structure that combines a retaining wall on the riverside and a support system on the mountainside during bridge construction, the construction difficulties at steep cliffs near the river were solved, a stable operating platform was provided, safety risks were reduced, and the stability and scour resistance of the bridge were enhanced.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA 19TH METALLURGICAL CORP
- Filing Date
- 2023-05-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-19
AI Technical Summary
In bridge construction, it is difficult to form a construction operation platform at steep cliffs and riverside locations, which poses construction safety risks and affects project quality and progress.
The protective retaining structure combines permanent and temporary features, including a retaining wall on the river side and a support system on the mountain side. A stable construction platform is provided by a pile foundation, and a whole load-bearing support system is formed by fixed piles, anchors, and connecting tensile reinforcement bars to enhance the anti-tipping capacity and scour resistance.
It provides a stable construction operation platform, reduces construction safety risks, saves materials, improves construction efficiency, and provides scour protection after the bridge is completed to ensure the stability of the bridge.
Smart Images
Figure CN116657623B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge engineering technology, and in particular to a permanent and temporary combined protective retaining structure for steep cliff bridges. Background Technology
[0002] In bridge construction, it is common to encounter situations where bridges are built on steep cliffs near mountains and rivers. Due to the significant cross slope of the original ground and the large height difference between the pile foundation surfaces of the left and right bridge spans, construction is extremely difficult, making it hard to create a construction operation platform. Furthermore, with one side adjacent to a river, there is a risk of erosion, posing a significant safety hazard. Improperly arranged operation platforms during bridge construction can have numerous adverse effects on subsequent construction, impacting both the construction progress and the project quality.
[0003] Chinese Patent No. CN215442010U discloses a steel pipe pile retaining wall anti-slip support structure, which includes a retaining wall, a concrete cap, and multiple steel pipe piles. The steel pipe piles are located near the middle of the slope and one end is fixed in the stable rock layer at the bottom of the slope. The concrete cap is embedded and fixed to the other end of the steel pipe piles. Multiple anti-slip ridges are fixed on the outer wall of the steel pipe piles embedded in the concrete cap. Connecting steel bars are embedded in the concrete cap. The end of the connecting steel bar away from the steel pipe pile extends out of the concrete cap. The end of the connecting steel bar away from the steel pipe pile is embedded in the retaining wall. The connecting steel bar in the concrete cap is fixedly connected to the steel pipe piles.
[0004] Chinese Patent CN211200426U discloses a micro-steel pipe pile retaining wall anti-slide support structure, including a buttress-type retaining wall constructed of reinforced concrete for slope treatment. At least four rows of micro-steel pipe piles are arranged in a rectangular pattern at the bottom of the buttress-type retaining wall. Anchor rods are installed on the inner side of the buttress-type retaining wall, and concrete baffles are provided at the bottom of the anchor rods. The tops of the micro-steel pipe piles are connected to the bottom of the buttress-type retaining wall with reinforcing bars, and the bottoms of the micro-steel pipe piles extend into stable rock strata. The micro-steel pipe piles have micro-pile holes arranged in a spiral pattern along the length of the steel pipe. This invention solves the problems of uncontrollable earthwork volume and inapplicability to projects with limited site space in existing retaining wall anti-slide technologies. This invention can appropriately reduce the bottom dimensions and foundation depth of the retaining wall, resulting in a reduction in earthwork excavation, effectively saving construction time and project costs, and has strong applicability in high slope graded support projects.
[0005] While the technical solutions disclosed in the aforementioned patent documents can improve the support strength of the retaining wall anti-slide support structure for the slope, they do not solve the problem of the difficulty in forming a construction operation platform at steep cliffs near rivers. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a permanent and temporary combined protective retaining structure for steep cliff bridges that can effectively reduce the safety risks of bridge construction at steep cliffs.
[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a permanent and temporary combined steep cliff bridge protection retaining structure, including a river-side retaining wall, a mountain-side support system, and a pile foundation platform; the river-side retaining wall is fixed on the riverbank intersecting with the mountain, the mountain-side support system is fixed in the mountain and connected to the pile foundation platform, and the pile foundation platform is set on the slope of the mountain and located between the river-side retaining wall and the mountain-side support system; multiple piles are provided on the pile foundation platform. This invention provides lateral support and reinforcement for the pile foundation abutment by constructing a mountain-side support system on the mountainside of the steep cliff and a river-side retaining wall on the river-side of the steep cliff. The pile foundation abutment provides a stable construction platform for bridge pile foundation construction. The mountain-side support system and river-side retaining wall located on both sides of the pile foundation abutment provide an operational platform for the initial bridge pile foundation construction and also provide scour protection for the constructed bridge pile foundation in the later stages. The invention has a simple and stable structure, effectively saves construction materials, reduces construction safety wind direction, and provides important protection for future bridge construction under similar conditions.
[0008] As an improvement to the above solution: multiple fixed piles are fixed inside the river-facing retaining wall, extending vertically upwards from below the riverbank surface to the top of the river-facing retaining wall; the multiple fixed piles are arranged at equal intervals along the width of the river-facing retaining wall. This invention reinforces the river-facing retaining wall by setting fixed piles, which improves the wall's resistance to collapse and provides support for the backfill material on the inner side of the retaining wall, thereby increasing the overall strength of the river-facing retaining wall.
[0009] As an improvement to the above solution, the top surface of the river-facing retaining wall is flush with the top surface of the pile foundation. This invention, by limiting the height of the river-facing retaining wall, ensures that the top surface of the river-facing retaining wall and the top surface of the pile foundation form a flat plane, increasing the area of the entire construction operation platform, improving the range of movement for construction personnel, and ultimately enhancing construction efficiency.
[0010] As an improvement to the above scheme, the side of the river-facing retaining wall away from the pile foundation is sloped, and the thickness of the river-facing retaining wall gradually increases from top to bottom. This invention, by setting a slope on the river-facing retaining wall, can improve the river-facing retaining wall's resistance to erosion by river water.
[0011] As an improvement to the above solution: the mountain-side support system includes multiple anchor rods inclined and fixed within the mountain, with the ends of the anchor rods extending into the pile foundation and bent. In this invention, the mountain-side support system is formed by setting anchor rods, and the bent ends of the anchor rods form hooks to fix and connect tensile reinforcement bars. Simultaneously, by connecting the tensile reinforcement bars, a stronger overall load-bearing support system is formed, which increases the internal tensile force of the river-side retaining wall, thereby further enhancing the river-side retaining wall's resistance to collapse.
[0012] As an improvement to the above scheme: the top surface of the pile foundation abutment is provided with a wellhead ring formed by a retaining wall to create a recessed groove. The pile extends upward from the mountain body through the pile foundation abutment and into the groove formed by the wellhead ring; the groove formed by the wellhead ring is filled with concrete. This invention, by setting a retaining wall on the top surface of the pile foundation abutment to form a wellhead ring to surround the pile foundation, can improve the pile foundation's friction by filling the wellhead ring with lightweight concrete, while simultaneously reducing the pressure of the backfill material on the retaining wall on the riverside.
[0013] As an improvement to the above scheme, it also includes connecting tensile reinforcement bars installed within the pile foundation abutment. These connecting tensile reinforcement bars are arranged around the retaining wall of the wellhead ring, and are fixedly connected to the fixed piles and anchor rods. This invention, by arranging connecting tensile reinforcement bars around the retaining wall of the wellhead ring to form an integrated load-bearing support system with the fixed piles and anchor rods, enhances the stability of the bridge pile foundation while reducing the amount of excavation required for the original terrain.
[0014] As an improvement to the above solution, the bottom surface of the pile foundation abutment is stepped. This invention, by setting the bottom surface of the pile foundation abutment in direct contact with the mountain as stepped, can increase the contact area and fixation effect between the bottom surface of the pile foundation abutment and the mountain.
[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides lateral support and reinforcement for the pile foundation abutment by constructing a mountain-side support system on the mountainside of the steep cliff and a river-side retaining wall on the river-facing side of the steep cliff. The pile foundation abutment provides a stable construction platform for bridge pile foundation construction. The mountain-side support system and river-facing retaining wall located on both sides of the pile foundation abutment provide an operational platform for the initial bridge pile foundation construction and also provide scour protection for the constructed bridge pile foundation in the later stages. The structure of this invention is simple and stable, effectively saving construction materials and reducing construction safety wind direction. It also provides important protection for bridge construction under similar conditions in the future. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after construction between the mountain and the riverbank;
[0017] Figure 2 This is an isometric view of the structure of the present invention.
[0018] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 100-mountain, 200-riverbank, 300-riverside retaining wall, 310-fixed pile, 400-mountain-side support system, 410-anchor, 500-pile foundation platform, 510-pile foundation, 520-wellhead ring, 530-connecting tensile reinforcement. Detailed Implementation
[0019] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", "inner", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.
[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the permanent-temporary combined steep cliff bridge protective retaining structure disclosed in this invention provides a bridge construction platform for bridge construction on a steep cliff located between a mountain 100 and a riverbank 200, and can improve the strength and stability of the bridge construction platform. The permanent-temporary combined steep cliff bridge protective retaining structure disclosed in this invention includes a river-side retaining wall 300, a mountain-side support system 400, and a pile foundation 500. The pile foundation 500 forms a stable construction foundation on the slope of the mountain 100, providing a construction operation platform for the construction of the bridge pile foundation 510. The river-side retaining wall 300 forms a retaining wall on the side of the pile foundation 500 closest to the riverbank 200 to provide support and protection, and also supports the backfill material inside the river-side retaining wall 300. The river-side retaining wall 300, together with the pile foundation 500, forms a temporary construction operation platform, and also provides permanent erosion protection for the bridge after construction is completed. The mountain-side support system 400 is used to provide support and reinforcement for the pile foundation 500 on the side of the pile foundation 500 close to the mountain 100, which can reduce the outward movement on the mountain 100 and enhance the stability of the bridge pile foundation.
[0022] Specifically, such as Figure 2As shown, the riverside retaining wall 300 in this invention adopts a structure combining fixed piles 310 and a retaining wall. Multiple fixed piles 310 are fixed inside the riverside retaining wall 300. The fixed piles 310 are steel pipe piles. The fixed piles 310 extend vertically upward from below the ground surface of the riverbank 200 to the top of the riverside retaining wall 300. Multiple fixed piles 310 are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the riverside retaining wall 300. When constructing the 300m retaining wall on the riverside, construction proceeds from bottom to top. First, the foundation for the retaining wall is excavated, extending a certain distance outwards from the bridge pile foundation to meet the foundation construction requirements. Then, drilling of steel pipe piles is carried out. After drilling, steel pipe piles, serving as fixing piles (310m), are driven into the base layer. Reinforcing bars are inserted into the steel pipe piles, and cement mortar is applied. Once the cement mortar reaches the required strength, the retaining wall formwork is erected. The 300m retaining wall on the riverside is constructed in stages, with the next stage only proceeding after the previous stage has reached the required strength, continuing until the top of the 300m retaining wall is reached. Exposed portions are then encased in concrete. Ideally, the top surface of the 300m retaining wall on the riverside should be flush with the top surface of the pile foundation abutment (500m) to maximize the area of the construction platform.
[0023] In order to improve the scouring effect of the river-side retaining wall 300 against the river water, the side of the river-side retaining wall 300 away from the pile foundation 500 is further made into an inclined surface, so that the thickness of the river-side retaining wall 300 gradually increases from top to bottom.
[0024] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the mountain-side support system 400 of this invention consists of multiple anchor rods 410. During the construction of the mountain-side support system 400, a row of anchor rods 410 is installed along the lower side of the excavation face in the direction of the bridge. The anchor rods 410 are grouted and their ends are exposed for a certain length. After the strength meets the requirements, the exposed ends of the anchor rods 410 are bent. The bent ends of the anchor rods 410 are used to fix and connect the tensile reinforcement 530. The anchor rods 410 in the mountain-side support system 400 can work together with the tensile reinforcement 530 to enhance the internal tensile force of the entire permanent and temporary combined steep cliff bridge protection retaining structure, thereby improving the anti-overturning capacity of the river-side retaining wall 300. At the same time, since only anchor rods 410 are used for support, the amount of excavation of the mountain 100 can be reduced, thus maintaining the original ecological environment of the terrain to the greatest extent.
[0025] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the pile foundation 500 in this invention serves as the construction foundation for the bridge pile foundation 510. A wellhead ring 520, enclosed by a retaining wall, is provided on the top surface of the pile foundation 500. The inner side of the wellhead ring 520 is a recessed groove, in which the bridge pile foundation 510 is located. Lightweight concrete can be filled into this groove to reinforce the pile foundation 510 and increase its friction. During the construction of the pile foundation 500, the construction of the pile foundation 500 is carried out simultaneously with the construction of the retaining wall 300 on the riverside. Before constructing the bottom formwork of the pile foundation 500, the bottom surface of the corresponding hillside 100 is trimmed into a stepped shape to match the stepped bottom surface of the pile foundation 500. Anchor rods 410 and fixed piles 310 are connected by connecting tensile reinforcement bars 530. The connecting tensile reinforcement bars 530 adopt a circumferential connection to connect anchor rods 410 and fixed piles 310 to form an integral load-bearing structure. At the same time, the circumferential connecting tensile reinforcement bars 530 serve as the main reinforcement structure for the wellhead ring 520 construction. On the top surface of the pile foundation 500, concrete is poured to wrap the exposed bent ends of anchor rods 410 and the top of fixed piles 310, and the poured concrete retaining wall forms a wellhead ring 520 that surrounds the pile foundation 510. Finally, lightweight concrete is filled into the trench inside the wellhead ring 520.
[0026] The permanent and temporary combined steep cliff bridge protection retaining structure disclosed in this invention has a simple structure, is easy to construct, and has high construction safety. It can effectively cope with the construction of bridge pile foundations and piers in complex terrains such as steep cliffs and transverse slopes in riverside mountainous areas, provide a construction operation platform for bridge construction, improve the stability of bridge piers, and also play a protective role against erosion after the bridge construction is completed.
Claims
1. A permanent- temporary combined support structure for protecting a bridge on a steep cliff, characterized in that: It includes a river-side retaining wall (300), a mountain-side support system (400), and a pile foundation platform (500); the river-side retaining wall (300) is fixed on the riverbank (200) intersecting with the mountain (100), the mountain-side support system (400) is fixed inside the mountain (100) and connected to the pile foundation platform (500), and the pile foundation platform (500) is set on the slope of the mountain (100) and located between the river-side retaining wall (300) and the mountain-side support system (400); multiple piles (510) are provided on the pile foundation platform (500). The retaining wall (300) on the riverside is fixed with multiple fixed piles (310), which extend vertically upward from below the ground surface of the riverbank (200) to the top of the retaining wall (300); the multiple fixed piles (310) are arranged at equal intervals along the width of the retaining wall (300); the mountain-side support system (400) includes multiple anchor rods (410) that are inclined and fixed in the mountain (100), the ends of which extend into the pile foundation platform (500) and are bent; the top surface of the pile foundation platform (500) is provided with a retaining wall The wellhead ring (520) is formed by enclosing the lower groove body. The pile foundation (510) extends upward from the mountain (100) through the pile foundation platform (500) and into the groove formed by the wellhead ring (520). The groove formed by the wellhead ring (520) is filled with concrete. It also includes connecting tensile reinforcement bars (530) set in the pile foundation platform (500). The connecting tensile reinforcement bars (530) are set around the retaining wall of the wellhead ring (520). The connecting tensile reinforcement bars (530) are fixedly connected to the fixed pile (310) and the anchor rod (410).
2. The permanent temporary combination steep scarab bridge protection retaining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the river-side retaining wall (300) is flush with the top surface of the pile foundation platform (500).
3. The permanent temporary combination steep slope bridge protection retaining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the river-facing retaining wall (300) facing away from the pile foundation platform (500) is a sloping surface, and the thickness of the river-facing retaining wall (300) gradually increases from top to bottom.
4. The permanent temporary combination steep slope bridge protection retaining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the pile foundation platform (500) is stepped.