Partition wide narrow viewing angle switchable display panel, display device and driving method

Abstract

A kind of partition wide and narrow view angle switchable display panel, display device and driving method, display panel includes light control box and display box, light control box is provided with the first polaroid and the transmission reflection layer of parallel light transmission axis;Display panel has mark pattern area, non-mark pattern area and multiple view angle switching areas, mark pattern area is at least located in one view angle switching area, all view angle switching areas are non-mark pattern area except mark pattern area in area;The first substrate of light control box is provided with multiple common view angle electrodes, the second substrate of light control box is provided with first view angle electrode and second view angle electrode, between the first view angle electrode in adjacent two view angle switching areas, between second view angle electrode, mutually insulated and spaced apart, first view angle electrode includes first mark pattern electrode strip and first non-mark pattern electrode strip, and second view angle electrode includes second mark pattern electrode strip and second non-mark pattern electrode strip.Wide and narrow view angle switching and screen display mark pattern in subarea are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of liquid crystal display technology, and in particular to a display panel, display device, and driving method with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of LCD technology, the viewing angle of monitors has expanded from approximately 112° to over 160°. While enjoying the visual experience brought by a wider viewing angle, people also desire to effectively protect trade secrets and personal privacy to avoid business losses or embarrassment caused by the leakage of screen information. Therefore, in addition to the need for a wide viewing angle, many situations also require display devices to have the function of switching between wide and narrow viewing angles.

[0003] Currently, switching between wide and narrow viewing angles is mainly achieved using a dimming box and a display box. The display box controls the normal image display, while the dimming box controls the viewing angle switching. The dimming box includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates. Viewing angle control electrodes on the first and second substrates apply a vertical electric field to the liquid crystal molecules, causing the liquid crystals to deflect vertically, thus achieving a narrow viewing angle mode. By controlling the voltage on the viewing angle control electrodes, switching between wide and narrow viewing angles can be achieved. To enhance product competitiveness, existing display panels can still display the product's logo (trademark) when showing an image at a narrow viewing angle. However, in existing technologies, the logo is only visible at a wide viewing angle when displaying an image at a narrow viewing angle, and the backlight and display box need to be turned on to see the logo, resulting in high power consumption. Furthermore, existing dimming boxes capable of displaying logos can only achieve full-screen wide and narrow viewing angle switching, and cannot achieve localized wide and narrow viewing angle switching. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a display panel, display device and driving method with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles for different zones, so that when the display panel enters sleep mode, it can realize the logo pattern by reflecting ambient light, thereby achieving functional diversification, saving power consumption and improving product competitiveness, and at the same time, it can realize the switching of wide and narrow viewing angles for different zones.

[0005] This invention provides a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles. The display panel includes a display box and a dimming box stacked on the light-emitting side of the display box. A first polarizer is provided on the side of the dimming box away from the display box. A transflective layer is provided between the dimming box and the display box. A second polarizer is provided on the side of the display box away from the dimming box. The light transmission axis of the first polarizer is parallel to the light transmission axis of the transflective layer. The light transmission axis of the second polarizer is perpendicular to the light transmission axis of the transflective layer. The reflective axis of the transflective layer is perpendicular to the light transmission axis of the transflective layer.

[0006] The display panel has a graphically labeled pattern area, a non-labeled pattern area, and multiple viewing angle switching areas. The labeled pattern area is located in at least one of the viewing angle switching areas, and all areas in the viewing angle switching areas other than the labeled pattern area are non-labeled pattern areas.

[0007] The dimming box includes a first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, and a first liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate has a plurality of common viewing angle electrodes on the side facing the first liquid crystal layer, each corresponding to a viewing angle switching area. The second substrate has a first viewing angle electrode and a second viewing angle electrode on the side facing the first liquid crystal layer, which cooperate with the common viewing angle electrodes. The first and second viewing angle electrodes are mutually insulated and spaced apart. The first viewing angle electrodes and the second viewing angle electrodes in adjacent viewing angle switching areas are mutually insulated and spaced apart. The first viewing angle electrode includes a first marking pattern electrode strip and a first non-marking pattern electrode strip that are mutually insulated. The second viewing angle electrode includes a second marking pattern electrode strip and a second non-marking pattern electrode strip that are mutually insulated. Both the first and second marking pattern electrode strips correspond to the marking pattern area, and both the first and second non-marking pattern electrode strips correspond to the non-marking pattern area. The projections of the first and second marking pattern electrode strips, and the first and second non-marking pattern electrode strips, onto the second substrate are parallel to each other and alternately distributed.

[0008] Furthermore, the second substrate is provided with a first signal electrode grid and a second signal electrode grid on the side facing the first liquid crystal layer. The first signal electrode grid and the first viewing angle electrode are located on different layers, and the second signal electrode grid and the second viewing angle electrode are located on different layers. The first signal electrode grid and the second signal electrode grid are insulated from each other.

[0009] The first signal electrode network includes a first identification pattern electrode network electrically connected to the first identification pattern electrode strip and a first non-identification pattern electrode network electrically connected to the first non-identification pattern electrode strip. The second signal electrode network includes a second identification pattern electrode network electrically connected to the second identification pattern electrode strip and a second non-identification pattern electrode network electrically connected to the second non-identification pattern electrode strip. Both the first identification pattern electrode network and the second identification pattern electrode network are located within the identification pattern area, and both the first non-identification pattern electrode network and the second non-identification pattern electrode network are located within the non-identification pattern area.

[0010] Furthermore, the second substrate is provided with the first identification pattern signal line and the first non-identification pattern signal line on the side facing the first liquid crystal layer. One end of the first identification pattern signal line is electrically connected to the first identification pattern electrode network, and the other end of the first identification pattern signal line extends to the edge of the second substrate. One end of the first non-identification pattern signal line is electrically connected to the first non-identification pattern electrode network, and the other end of the first non-identification pattern signal line extends to the edge of the second substrate.

[0011] The second substrate is further provided with a second identification pattern signal line and a second non-identification pattern signal line on the side facing the first liquid crystal layer. One end of the second identification pattern signal line is electrically connected to the second identification pattern electrode network, and the other end of the second identification pattern signal line extends to the edge of the second substrate. One end of the second non-identification pattern signal line is electrically connected to the second non-identification pattern electrode network, and the other end of the second non-identification pattern signal line extends to the edge of the second substrate.

[0012] Furthermore, the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode are located in different layers, the first signal electrode network and the second signal electrode network are located in different layers, and the second signal electrode network, the second viewing angle electrode, the first signal electrode network and the first viewing angle electrode are arranged sequentially in the direction toward the first liquid crystal layer;

[0013] Alternatively, the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode are located on the same layer, and the first signal electrode network and the second signal electrode network are located on the same layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the projections of the grid lines in the first signal electrode mesh and the second signal electrode mesh onto the second substrate are staggered.

[0015] Furthermore, the transflective layer is a reflective polarizer or a metal wire grid polarizer.

[0016] This application also provides a display device, including a backlight module and a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles as described above. The display panel is located on the light-emitting side of the backlight module. The backlight module has multiple dimming zones that correspond one-to-one with the viewing angle switching zones, and the multiple dimming zones emit light independently from each other.

[0017] This application also provides a driving method for a display device, the driving method being used to drive the display device as described above, the driving method comprising:

[0018] In full-screen wide-viewing-angle mode, a common electrical signal is applied to all the common viewing angle electrodes, and a first electrical signal is applied to all the first viewing angle electrodes and all the second viewing angle electrodes. The voltage difference between the first electrical signal and the common electrical signal is greater than a first preset value or less than a second preset value.

[0019] In full-screen narrow viewing angle mode, a common electrical signal is applied to all the common viewing angle electrodes, and a second electrical signal is applied to all the first viewing angle electrodes and all the second viewing angle electrodes. The voltage difference between the second electrical signal and the common electrical signal is greater than a third preset value and less than a fourth preset value.

[0020] In the narrow viewing angle mode, the luminous brightness of the dimming area corresponding to the narrow viewing angle area is reduced, a common electrical signal is applied to the common viewing angle electrode in the narrow viewing angle area, and a second electrical signal is applied to both the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode in the narrow viewing angle area. The voltage difference between the second electrical signal and the common electrical signal is greater than a third preset value and less than a fourth preset value.

[0021] In the identification pattern display mode, a common electrical signal is applied to all the common viewing angle electrodes, a third electrical signal is applied to the first identification pattern electrode strip, and a fourth electrical signal is applied to the second identification pattern electrode strip. The voltage difference between the third electrical signal and the fourth electrical signal is greater than a fifth preset value and less than a sixth preset value.

[0022] In the full-screen wide viewing angle mode, the full-screen narrow viewing angle mode, and the regional narrow viewing angle mode, the backlight module and the display box are both in the on state. In the logo pattern display mode, the backlight module and the display box are both in the off state. The second preset value < the third preset value < the fourth preset value < the first preset value, and the second preset value < the fifth preset value < the sixth preset value.

[0023] Furthermore, the driving method also includes:

[0024] In specular reflection mode, a common electrical signal is applied to all the common viewing angle electrodes, a third electrical signal is applied to all the first viewing angle electrodes, and a fourth electrical signal is applied to all the second viewing angle electrodes. The voltage difference between the third electrical signal and the fourth electrical signal is greater than a fifth preset value and less than a sixth preset value.

[0025] In the specular reflection mode, both the backlight module and the display box are in the off state.

[0026] Furthermore, the driving method also includes:

[0027] In the all-around blackout privacy mode, a common electrical signal is applied to the common viewing angle electrode in the all-around blackout privacy area, a third electrical signal is applied to the first identification pattern electrode strip in the all-around blackout privacy area, and a fourth electrical signal is applied to the second identification pattern electrode strip in the all-around blackout privacy area. The voltage difference between the third electrical signal and the fourth electrical signal is greater than a fifth preset value and less than a sixth preset value.

[0028] In the area-wide all-around black privacy mode, both the backlight module and the display box are in the open state.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By providing multiple shared viewing angle electrodes corresponding one-to-one with viewing angle switching areas on the first substrate, and ensuring that the first viewing angle electrodes and second viewing angle electrodes in adjacent viewing angle switching areas are insulated from and spaced apart, the wide and narrow viewing angle states of each viewing angle switching area can be controlled individually to achieve regional wide and narrow viewing angle switching. Furthermore, a reflective layer is provided between the dimming box and the display box, and a first and second marking pattern electrode strip are provided on the second substrate. The projections of the first and second marking pattern electrode strips on the second substrate are parallel to each other and alternately distributed. Therefore, by controlling the voltage difference between the first and second marking pattern electrode strips, an edge electric field can be formed, controlling the horizontal deflection of liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer. This allows the reflected light from the reflective layer to pass through the marking pattern area, achieving the display of the marking pattern. Moreover, the marking pattern can be seen even at a normal viewing angle. When displaying the marking pattern, no backlight or opening the display box is required, saving power consumption. Therefore, the display panel provided in this application can achieve regional wide and narrow viewing angle switching, and can also display the marking pattern using reflected ambient light when entering sleep mode. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the display device in its initial state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second substrate in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the shared viewing angle electrode in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the first viewing angle electrode in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the first signal electrode mesh in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the second-view electrode in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the second signal electrode mesh in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a signal waveform diagram of the display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention at full-screen wide viewing angle;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the display device in full-screen wide viewing angle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 11 This is a signal waveform diagram of the display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention when the viewing angle is narrow in the full screen / regional narrow viewing angle.

[0041] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the display device in full-screen narrow viewing angle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the display device in a narrow viewing angle region according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 14 This is a planar schematic diagram of the display device in a narrow viewing angle region according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the backlight module component dimming in a narrow viewing angle area of ​​the display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 16 This is a signal waveform diagram of the display device in the first embodiment of the present invention when it is in the area-wide all-around black state privacy mode / identification pattern display / mirror reflection;

[0046] Figure 17This is a schematic diagram of the display device in the all-around blackout privacy mode according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 18 This is a simulation diagram of the transmittance of the dimming box in the all-around black privacy mode of the present invention and the pressure difference between the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode.

[0048] Figure 19 This is a simulation diagram of the dimming box in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, in which the brightness in the left and right directions and the voltage difference between the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode are 0V / 5.8V in the area of ​​the all-round black privacy mode.

[0049] Figure 20 This is a simulation diagram of the dimming box in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, in which the brightness in the vertical direction and the voltage difference between the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode are 0V / 5.8V in the area of ​​the all-round black privacy mode.

[0050] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention when displaying the identification pattern;

[0051] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention when displaying the identification pattern;

[0052] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention during specular reflection;

[0053] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention when displaying a logo pattern / mirror reflection;

[0054] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second substrate in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the display device in its initial state according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display device in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the first viewing angle electrode in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the second-view electrode in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 30 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display device in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0060] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the display panel, display device, and driving method with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles proposed according to the present invention:

[0061] [Example 1]

[0062] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the display device in its initial state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second substrate in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the shared viewing angle electrode in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the first viewing angle electrode in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the first signal electrode grid in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the second-view electrode in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the second signal electrode network in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0063] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a display panel with switchable viewing angles for different partition widths. Figure 1 As shown, the display panel has a graphical logo pattern area 110 and a non-logo pattern area 120. The graphic in the logo pattern area 110 can be set according to the actual logo pattern to be displayed. In this embodiment, the letter "V" is used as an example of the logo pattern to be displayed in the logo pattern area 110. It can be understood that the display panel has a display area and a non-display area, and both the logo pattern area 110 and the non-logo pattern area 120 are located in the display area, thus enabling the display of the logo pattern. The display panel has multiple viewing angle switching areas 200, wherein the logo pattern area 110 is located within at least one viewing angle switching area 200, and all areas within the viewing angle switching areas 200 other than the logo pattern area 110 are non-logo pattern areas 120.

[0064] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the display panel includes a dimming box 10 and a display box 20 stacked on top of each other. The dimming box 10 is located above the display box 20, i.e., the dimming box 10 is located on the light-emitting side of the display box 20. The dimming box 10 is used to control the wide and narrow viewing angle switching of the display panel, and the display box 20 is used to control the display panel to display a normal image. A first polarizer 31 is provided on the side of the dimming box 10 away from the display box 20. A transflective layer 32 is provided between the dimming box 10 and the display box 20. A second polarizer 33 is provided on the side of the display box 20 away from the dimming box 10. The transflective layer 32 has a reflective axis and a transmission axis. The reflective axis of the transflective layer 32 is perpendicular to the transmission axis of the transflective layer 32. The transmission axis of the first polarizer 31 is parallel to the transmission axis of the transflective layer 32, and the transmission axis of the second polarizer 33 is perpendicular to the transmission axis of the transflective layer 32. For example, the transmission axis of the first polarizer 31 and the reflective layer 32 is 0°, the reflection axis of the reflective layer 32 is 90°, and the transmission axis of the second polarizer 33 is 90°. In this embodiment, the reflective layer 32 is a reflective polarizer, also called an advanced polarizer film (APF), which has a specular reflectivity (SCI) of over 46%. The reflective polarizer has a transmission axis and a reflection axis, and the transmission axis and the reflection axis are perpendicular to each other. Furthermore, a third polarizer 34 can be provided on the side of the display box 20 near the dimming box, and the transmission axis of the third polarizer 34 is parallel to the transmission axis of the reflective layer 32. A compensation film can also be provided between the dimming box 10 and the display box 20. The compensation film can be a viewing angle compensation film for compensating for narrow viewing angles or a brightness compensation film for compensating for brightness.

[0065] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 7As shown, the dimming box 10 includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12 disposed opposite to the first substrate 11, and a first liquid crystal layer 13 disposed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. The first substrate 11 has a plurality of common viewing angle electrodes 111 on the side facing the first liquid crystal layer 13, each corresponding to a viewing angle switching region 200. The second substrate 12 has first viewing angle electrodes 14 and second viewing angle electrodes 16 that cooperate with the common viewing angle electrodes 111 on the side facing the first liquid crystal layer 13. The first viewing angle electrodes 14 and second viewing angle electrodes 16 are insulated from each other and spaced apart. The first viewing angle electrodes 14 in adjacent viewing angle switching regions 200 are insulated from each other and spaced apart, and the second viewing angle electrodes 16 in adjacent viewing angle switching regions 200 are insulated from each other and spaced apart. By controlling the voltage difference between the common viewing angle electrodes 111 and the first viewing angle electrodes 14, and between the common viewing angle electrodes 111 and the second viewing angle electrodes 16, a vertical electric field is formed, and the deflection of liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 in the vertical direction is controlled, thereby achieving control of wide and narrow viewing angle switching. Furthermore, the first viewpoint electrodes 14 in adjacent viewpoint switching zones 200 are insulated from each other and spaced apart, and the second viewpoint electrodes 16 in adjacent viewpoint switching zones 200 are insulated from each other and spaced apart, so that the first viewpoint electrodes 14 and the second viewpoint electrodes 16 in each viewpoint switching zone 200 can each apply different viewpoint control signals to achieve regional wide and narrow viewpoint switching.

[0066] In this embodiment, the display panel has nine viewing angle switching zones 200 arranged in an array, and nine shared viewing angle electrodes 111 corresponding one-to-one with each viewing angle switching zone 200. The first viewing angle electrode 14 and the second viewing angle electrode 16 are also divided into nine zones. The first viewing angle electrodes 14 in adjacent viewing angle switching zones 200 are insulated from each other and spaced apart, and the second viewing angle electrodes 16 in adjacent viewing angle switching zones 200 are also insulated from each other and spaced apart. The identification pattern area 110 is located in the central viewing angle switching zone 200. Of course, the number and shape of the viewing angle switching zones 200 can be set according to actual needs and are not limited thereto.

[0067] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 7As shown, the first viewing angle electrode 14 includes a first identification pattern electrode strip 141 and a first non-identification pattern electrode strip 142 that are insulated from each other. The second viewing angle electrode 16 includes a second identification pattern electrode strip 161 and a second non-identification pattern electrode strip 162 that are insulated from each other. Both the first identification pattern electrode strip 141 and the second identification pattern electrode strip 161 correspond to the identification pattern area 110, and both the first non-identification pattern electrode strip 142 and the second non-identification pattern electrode strip 162 correspond to the non-identification pattern area 120. The projections of the first identification pattern electrode strip 141 and the second identification pattern electrode strip 161 on the second substrate 12 are parallel to each other and alternately distributed. Similarly, the projections of the first non-identification pattern electrode strip 142 and the second non-identification pattern electrode strip 162 on the second substrate 12 are parallel to each other and alternately distributed. That is, the first identification pattern electrode strip 141 and the second identification pattern electrode strip 161 are parallel to each other and alternately distributed in the identification pattern area 110, and the first non-identification pattern electrode strip 142 and the second non-identification pattern electrode strip 162 are parallel to each other and alternately distributed in the non-identification pattern area 120. By controlling the voltage difference between the first marking pattern electrode strip 141 and the second marking pattern electrode strip 161, an edge electric field is formed, and the liquid crystal molecules in the corresponding marking pattern area 110 of the first liquid crystal layer 13 are deflected in the horizontal direction. This allows the reflected light from the transflective layer 32 to pass through the marking pattern area 110, thus displaying the marking pattern. The marking pattern is visible even when viewed directly. When displaying the marking pattern, there is no need for a backlight or to open the display cell, which also saves power consumption. Furthermore, by controlling the voltage difference between the first marking pattern electrode strip 141 and the second marking pattern electrode strip 161, and the voltage difference between the first non-marking pattern electrode strip 142 and the second non-marking pattern electrode strip 162, an edge electric field is formed, and the deflection of all liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 is controlled in the horizontal direction. This allows the reflected light from the transflective layer 32 to pass through the marking pattern area 110 and the non-marking pattern area 120, thus achieving a specular reflection effect.

[0068] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the width 'a' of the first marking pattern electrode strip 141, the second marking pattern electrode strip 161, the first non-marking pattern electrode strip 142, and the second non-marking pattern electrode strip 162 is 2-4 μm, for example, 3.5 μm. The spacing 'b' between two adjacent first marking pattern electrode strips 141, two adjacent second marking pattern electrode strips 161, two adjacent first non-marking pattern electrode strips 142, and two adjacent second non-marking pattern electrode strips 162 is 4-6 μm, for example, 5.5 μm.

[0069] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 6As shown, the second substrate 12 is further provided with a first signal electrode mesh 15 on the side facing the first liquid crystal layer 13. The first signal electrode mesh 15 and the first viewing angle electrode 14 are located on different layers and are separated from each other by an insulating layer. The first signal electrode mesh 15 is connected to the first viewing angle electrode 14 in a diamond shape throughout the entire display area. The first viewing angle electrode 14 and the first signal electrode mesh 15 are electrically connected through contact holes.

[0070] The first signal electrode network 15 includes a first identification pattern electrode network 151 electrically connected to the first identification pattern electrode strip 141 and a first non-identification pattern electrode network 152 electrically connected to the first non-identification pattern electrode strip 142. The first identification pattern electrode network 151 corresponds to the identification pattern area 110, and the first non-identification pattern electrode network 152 corresponds to the non-identification pattern area 120.

[0071] The second substrate 12, facing the first liquid crystal layer 13, is further provided with a first identification pattern signal line 153 and a first non-identification pattern signal line 154. The first identification pattern electrode strip 141 is electrically connected to the first identification pattern electrode mesh 151 through a contact hole. One end of the first identification pattern signal line 153 is electrically connected to the first identification pattern electrode mesh 151, and the other end of the first identification pattern signal line 153 extends to the edge of the second substrate 12, thereby applying an electrical signal to the first identification pattern electrode strip 141 through the first identification pattern signal line 153. The first non-identification pattern electrode strip 142 is electrically connected to the first non-identification pattern electrode mesh 152 through a contact hole. One end of the first non-identification pattern signal line 154 is electrically connected to the first non-identification pattern electrode mesh 152, and the other end of the first non-identification pattern signal line 154 extends to the edge of the second substrate 12, thereby applying an electrical signal to the first non-identification pattern electrode strip 142 through the first non-identification pattern signal line 154.

[0072] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, a second signal electrode grid 17 is further provided on the side of the second substrate 12 facing the first liquid crystal layer 13. The second signal electrode grid 17 and the second viewing angle electrode 16 are located on different layers, and the first signal electrode grid 15 and the second signal electrode grid 17 are insulated from each other. In this embodiment, the first viewing angle electrode 14 and the second viewing angle electrode 16 are located on different layers, and the first signal electrode grid 15 and the second signal electrode grid 17 are located on different layers. The second signal electrode grid 17, the second viewing angle electrode 16, the first signal electrode grid 15, and the first viewing angle electrode 14 are arranged sequentially in the direction facing the first liquid crystal layer 13 and are spaced apart from each other by an insulating layer.

[0073] The second signal electrode network 17 includes a second identification pattern electrode network 171 electrically connected to the second identification pattern electrode strip 161 and a second non-identification pattern electrode network 172 electrically connected to the second non-identification pattern electrode strip 162. The second identification pattern electrode network 171 corresponds to the identification pattern area 110, and the second non-identification pattern electrode network 172 corresponds to the non-identification pattern area 120.

[0074] The second substrate 12 also has a second identification pattern signal line 173 and a second non-identification pattern signal line 174 on the side facing the first liquid crystal layer 13. The second identification pattern electrode strip 161 is electrically connected to the second identification pattern electrode mesh 171 through a contact hole. One end of the second identification pattern signal line 173 is electrically connected to the second identification pattern electrode mesh 171, and the other end of the second identification pattern signal line 173 extends to the edge of the second substrate 12, thereby applying an electrical signal to the second identification pattern electrode strip 161 through the second identification pattern signal line 173. The second non-identification pattern electrode strip 162 is electrically connected to the second non-identification pattern electrode mesh 172 through a contact hole. One end of the second non-identification pattern signal line 174 is electrically connected to the second non-identification pattern electrode mesh 172, and the other end of the second non-identification pattern signal line 174 extends to the edge of the second substrate 12, thereby applying an electrical signal to the second non-identification pattern electrode strip 162 through the second non-identification pattern signal line 174.

[0075] By setting the first signal electrode grid 15 to apply a signal to the first viewing angle electrode 14 and the second signal electrode grid 17 to apply a signal to the second viewing angle electrode 16, it is not necessary to set signals in the film layer where the first viewing angle electrode 14 and the second viewing angle electrode 16 are located, thus avoiding affecting the design and display of the marking pattern.

[0076] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 4 As shown, a common signal line 111a is provided on the side of the first substrate 11 facing the first liquid crystal layer 13. One end of the common signal line 111a is electrically connected to the common viewing angle electrode 111, and the other end of the common signal line 111a extends to the edge of the second substrate 12, thereby applying an electrical signal to the common viewing angle electrode 111 through the common signal line 111a.

[0077] In this embodiment, the projections of the grid lines in the first signal electrode grid 15 and the second signal electrode grid 17 onto the second substrate 12 overlap, thereby reducing the influence of the first signal electrode grid 15 and the second signal electrode grid 17 on the light transmittance. Of course, the grid lines in the first signal electrode grid 15 and the second signal electrode grid 17 can also be staggered, and are not limited thereto.

[0078] Furthermore, the second substrate 12 is provided with an insulating layer on the side facing the first liquid crystal layer 13. The insulating layer covers the first viewing angle electrode 14, thereby preventing the first viewing angle electrode 14 from short-circuiting with the common viewing angle electrode 111.

[0079] In this embodiment, the first liquid crystal layer 13 preferably uses positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy. The phase retardation of the first liquid crystal layer 13 is preferably 800 nm, and can be selected in the range of 500 nm < phase retardation < 1000 nm. Figure 2 As shown, in the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are aligned parallel to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. The alignment directions of the positive liquid crystal molecules near the first substrate 11 and the positive liquid crystal molecules near the second substrate 12 are parallel or antiparallel, thereby enabling the dimming box 10 to present a wide viewing angle display in the initial state, such as... Figure 11 As shown. Optionally, the alignment direction of the first liquid crystal layer 13 is at a 5°-10° angle, preferably 7°, to the length direction of the electrode strips in the first viewing angle electrode 14 and the second viewing angle electrode 16. This allows for faster deflection of the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 in the horizontal direction during the display of the marking pattern and specular reflection. Of course, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 can also initially have a pretilt angle of 3°-7°, thereby accelerating the deflection of the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 in the vertical direction at narrow viewing angles.

[0080] In this embodiment, the display box 20 is preferably a liquid crystal display (LCD). Of course, in other embodiments, the display box 20 can also be a self-emissive display (e.g., an OLED display or a Micro LED display), but the dimming box 10 must be positioned above the display box 20.

[0081] The display cell 20 includes a color filter substrate 21, an array substrate 22 disposed opposite to the color filter substrate 21, and a second liquid crystal layer 23 disposed between the color filter substrate 21 and the array substrate 22. The second liquid crystal layer 23 preferably uses positive liquid crystal molecules, i.e., liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy. Initially, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are aligned parallel to the color filter substrate 21 and the array substrate 22, with the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules closer to the color filter substrate 21 being parallel or antiparallel to the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules closer to the array substrate 22. Of course, in other embodiments, the second liquid crystal layer 23 may also use negative liquid crystal molecules, and the negative liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 may be aligned perpendicular to the color filter substrate 21 and the array substrate 22, i.e., similar to the alignment method of the VA display mode.

[0082] The color filter substrate 21 has color resist layers 212 arranged in an array and black matrix 211 separating the color resist layers 212. The color resist layers 212 include color resist materials of red (R), green (G) and blue (B) colors, and correspondingly form sub-pixels of red (R), green (G) and blue (B) colors.

[0083] The array substrate 22 has multiple pixel units defined by multiple scan lines (not shown) and multiple data lines (not shown) that are mutually insulated and intersecting on the side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23. Each pixel unit has a pixel electrode 222 and a thin-film transistor (not shown). The pixel electrode 222 is electrically connected to the data line of the adjacent thin-film transistor through the thin-film transistor. The thin-film transistor includes a gate, an active layer, a drain, and a source. The gate and the scan lines are located on the same layer and are electrically connected. The gate and the active layer are isolated by an insulating layer. The source is electrically connected to the data line, and the drain is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 222 through a contact hole.

[0084] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, a common electrode 221 is further provided on the side of the array substrate 22 facing the second liquid crystal layer 23. The common electrode 221 and the pixel electrode 222 are located on different layers and are insulated from each other by an insulating layer. The common electrode 221 can be located above or below the pixel electrode 222. Figure 2 The diagram shows the common electrode 221 located below the pixel electrode 222. Preferably, the common electrode 221 is a planar electrode disposed across the entire surface, and the pixel electrode 222 is a block electrode disposed within each pixel unit or a slit electrode with multiple electrode strips, to form a fringe field switching (FFS) mode. Of course, in other embodiments, the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221 may be located on the same layer, but they are insulated from each other. Both the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221 may include multiple electrode strips, and the electrode strips of the pixel electrode 222 and the electrode strips of the common electrode 221 are arranged alternately to form an in-plane switching (IPS) mode; or, in other embodiments, the array substrate 22 has a pixel electrode 222 on the side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23, and the color filter substrate 21 has a common electrode 221 on the side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23 to form a TN mode or a VA mode.

[0085] The first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, the color filter substrate 21, and the array substrate 22 can be made of materials such as glass, acrylic, and polycarbonate. The common viewing angle electrode 111, the first viewing angle electrode 14, the second viewing angle electrode 16, the common electrode 221, and the pixel electrode 222 can be made of materials such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO). The first signal electrode mesh 15 and the second signal electrode mesh 17 can be made of copper (Cu), silver (Ag), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), or combinations of these metals, such as Al / Mo or Cu / Mo, which have low electrical resistance.

[0086] The present invention also provides a display device, including a display panel with switchable viewing angles and a backlight module 40, the backlight module 40 being located below the display panel and used to provide a backlight source for the display panel. Of course, if the display box 20 uses a self-emissive display, then no additional backlight source is required. The backlight module 40 corresponds one-to-one with multiple dimming zones 401 of the viewing angle switching zone 200. These dimming zones 401 emit light independently, thereby achieving localized dynamic backlight adjustment. Each dimming zone 401 can automatically adjust the brightness of the backlight module 40 according to the needs of the current display screen.

[0087] The backlight module 40 includes a backlight source 41 and a privacy layer 43, which reduces the range of light emission angles. A brightness enhancement film 42 is also provided between the backlight source 41 and the privacy layer 43, increasing the brightness of the backlight module 40. The privacy layer 43 acts like a miniature venetian blind, blocking light with a large incident angle while allowing light with a smaller incident angle to pass through, thus reducing the range of light angles passing through the privacy layer 43. The privacy layer 43 includes multiple parallel light-blocking walls and light-transmitting holes located between adjacent light-blocking walls. Light-absorbing material is provided on both sides of the light-blocking walls. Alternatively, the backlight source 41 can be a light-collecting backlight, eliminating the need for a privacy layer 43; however, light-collecting backlights are more expensive than conventional backlights.

[0088] The backlight module 40 adopts a direct-lit backlight module. Preferably, the backlight module 40 adopts a collimated backlight (CBL) mode, which can collect light and ensure display effect. Among them, the backlight source 41 is an LED backlight source, and multiple LEDs 411 are provided on the substrate of the backlight source 41. The brightness of the LEDs 411 in each dimming zone 401 can be adjusted independently.

[0089] This application also provides a driving method for switching between wide and narrow viewing angles of different zones. This driving method is used to drive the aforementioned display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles of different zones. The driving method includes:

[0090] Figure 9 This is a signal waveform diagram of the display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention at full-screen wide viewing angle. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention at a full-screen wide viewing angle. Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, in the full-screen wide viewing angle mode, a common electrical signal Vcom is applied to all common viewing angle electrodes 111, wherein the common electrical signal Vcom is a DC common voltage signal, and a first electrical signal V1 is applied to all first viewing angle electrodes 14, namely the first identification pattern electrode strip 141 and the first non-identification pattern electrode strip 142, and all second viewing angle electrodes 16, namely the second identification pattern electrode strip 161 and the second non-identification pattern electrode strip 162.

[0091] In this embodiment, the voltage difference between the first electrical signal V1 and the common electrical signal Vcom can also be greater than a first preset value (e.g., greater than 5.0V), for example, when a 0V DC voltage is applied to the common viewing angle electrode 111. Figure 9 A 5.0V AC voltage is applied to all first-viewpoint electrodes 14 and all second-viewpoint electrodes 16. A strong vertical electric field is formed between the common-viewpoint electrode 111 and all first-viewpoint electrodes 14, and between the common-viewpoint electrode 111 and all second-viewpoint electrodes 16. Figure 10 In E2), the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are significantly deflected and perpendicular to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the dimming box 10 presents a wide viewing angle display at this time. Of course, in other embodiments, the voltage difference between the first electrical signal V1 and the common electrical signal Vcom is less than the second preset value (e.g., less than 0.8V), and there is basically no vertical electric field between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and all the first viewing angle electrodes 14, and between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and all the second viewing angle electrodes 16. The positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 will not be deflected and will remain in their initial flat state. At this time, the dimming box 10 will also present a wide viewing angle display.

[0092] Figure 11 This is a signal waveform diagram of the display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention when the viewing angle is narrow in the full screen / regional narrow viewing angle. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention when operating in a full-screen, narrow viewing angle. For example... Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, in full-screen narrow viewing angle mode, a common electrical signal Vcom is applied to all common viewing angle electrodes 111, and a second electrical signal V2 is applied to all first viewing angle electrodes 14 and all second viewing angle electrodes 16. The voltage difference between the second electrical signal V2 and the common electrical signal Vcom is greater than a third preset value (e.g., greater than 1.5V) and less than a fourth preset value (e.g., less than 4.0V), where the second preset value < the third preset value < the fourth preset value < the first preset value. At this time, a strong vertical electric field will be formed between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and all first viewing angle electrodes 14, and between the common viewing angle electrode 111 and all second viewing angle electrodes 16. Figure 12 In E3), the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 undergo a large deflection and are tilted, resulting in a darker brightness at a wide viewing angle. At this time, the dimming box 10 presents a narrow viewing angle display.

[0093] Specifically, the second electrical signal V2 includes a first voltage V21 and a second voltage V22. The first voltage V21 is applied to all first-viewing-angle electrodes 14, and the second voltage V22 is applied to all second-viewing-angle electrodes 16. Since the first-viewing-angle electrodes 14 and the second-viewing-angle electrodes 16 are located on different layers, to avoid the influence of distance differences with the common-viewing-angle electrode 111, the first voltage V21 is less than the second voltage V22, and the voltage difference is 0.1-0.5V, for example, 0.2V. The first voltage V21 is, for example, 2.6V, and the second voltage V22 is, for example, 2.8V, thereby ensuring that the intensity of the vertical electric field formed between the common-viewing-angle electrode 111 and all the first-viewing-angle electrodes 14 and all the second-viewing-angle electrodes 16 is the same, ensuring a narrow viewing angle effect.

[0094] Furthermore, in the full-screen narrow viewing angle mode, a large voltage difference and a large horizontal electric field can be formed between the first marking pattern electrode strip 141 and the second marking pattern electrode strip 161. This causes a large horizontal deflection of the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 within the marking pattern area 110, resulting in a phase delay of λ / 4. This allows the reflected light from the transflective layer 32 to pass through the marking pattern area 110, enabling the marking pattern to be displayed at a wide viewing angle in the full-screen narrow viewing angle mode. At a normal viewing angle, the marking pattern is not clearly visible due to the high intensity of the transmitted backlight.

[0095] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the display device in a narrow viewing angle region according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 14 This is a planar schematic diagram of the display device in a narrow viewing angle area according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the backlight module component dimming in a narrow viewing angle area of ​​the display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figures 12 to 15As shown, in the narrow-view mode, a common electrical signal Vcom is applied to the common viewing electrode 111 within the narrow-view region, and a second electrical signal V2 is applied to both the first viewing electrode 14 and the second viewing electrode 16 within the narrow-view region. The voltage difference between the second electrical signal V2 and the common electrical signal Vcom is greater than a third preset value (e.g., greater than 1.5V) and less than a fourth preset value (e.g., less than 4.0V). At this time, a strong vertical electric field will be formed between the common viewing electrode 111 and the first viewing electrode 14, and between the common viewing electrode 111 and the second viewing electrode 16 within the narrow-view region. Figure 13 In E3), the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 within the narrow viewing angle region undergo significant deflection and tilt, resulting in decreased brightness at wide viewing angles. At this time, the dimming box 10 displays a narrow viewing angle in the corresponding viewing angle switching area 200. The common viewing angle electrode 111, the first viewing angle electrode 14, and the second viewing angle electrode 16 in other viewing angle switching areas 200 may be without voltage applied or may be applied with the same electrical signal as described in the full-screen wide viewing angle mode.

[0096] like Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the luminous brightness of the dimming area 401 corresponding to the narrow viewing angle area is reduced at the same time, so that the brightness of the dimming area 401 corresponding to the narrow viewing angle area is less than the brightness of other dimming areas 401, thereby further enhancing the narrow viewing angle effect.

[0097] Figure 16 This is a signal waveform diagram of the display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention when it is in a region-wide all-around black state privacy mode / logo pattern display / mirror reflection. Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the display device in the all-around blackout privacy mode according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 16 and Figure 17 As shown, in the all-around blackout privacy mode, a common electrical signal Vcom is applied to the common viewing angle electrode 111 within the all-around blackout privacy area, a third electrical signal V3 is applied to the first identification pattern electrode strip 141 within the all-around blackout privacy area, and a fourth electrical signal V4 is applied to the second identification pattern electrode strip 161 within the all-around blackout privacy area. The voltage difference between the third electrical signal V3 and the fourth electrical signal V4 is greater than a fifth preset value (e.g., greater than 1.5V) and less than a sixth preset value (e.g., less than 10V). In this embodiment, the second preset value < the fifth preset value < the sixth preset value, the common electrical signal Vcom and the fourth electrical signal V4 are both 0V DC voltage, and the third electrical signal V3 is, for example, 5.8V AC voltage. At this time, a large horizontal electric field will be formed between the first identification pattern electrode strip 141 and the second identification pattern electrode strip 161 within the all-around blackout privacy area. Figure 17(E5 in the text), of course, the first identification pattern electrode strip 141 will also form a certain vertical electric field with the common viewing angle electrode 111 ( Figure 17 In E4), the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 within the all-around black privacy protection area undergo a large deflection in the horizontal direction, resulting in a phase delay of λ / 2 in the first liquid crystal layer 13 within the all-around black privacy protection area. Backlight cannot pass through the all-around black privacy protection area corresponding to the dimming box 10, making the all-around black privacy protection area appear black, thereby enhancing the privacy protection effect.

[0098] In the all-around black privacy mode, the brightness of the dimming area 401 corresponding to the all-around black privacy area is reduced, so that the brightness of the dimming area 401 corresponding to the all-around black privacy area is less than the brightness of other dimming areas 401, thereby further enhancing the all-around black privacy effect.

[0099] Figure 18 This is a simulation diagram of the transmittance of the dimming box in the all-around black privacy mode of the present invention and the pressure difference between the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode. Figure 19 This is a simulation diagram of the dimming box in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, in which the brightness in the left and right directions and the voltage difference between the first viewing angle electrode and the second viewing angle electrode are 0V / 5.8V in the omnidirectional black privacy mode. Figure 20 This is a simulation diagram showing the brightness of the dimming box in the first embodiment of the present invention in a fully blacked-out privacy mode, with a voltage difference of 0V / 5.8V between the first and second viewing angle electrodes in the vertical direction. Figure 18 As shown in the figure, the greater the voltage difference between the first marking pattern electrode strip 141 and the second marking pattern electrode strip 161, the lower the transmittance of the first liquid crystal layer 13 in the all-around black privacy protection area (λ / 2), and the lower the transmittance of the dimming box 10 through the backlight. The remaining light is reflected ambient light. When the voltage difference between the first marking pattern electrode strip 141 and the second marking pattern electrode strip 161 increases from 0V to 5.8V, the transmittance decreases from 26.3% to 5.6%, and the brightness decreases by nearly 5 times. For example, if the narrow viewing angle brightness is 200 nits, the viewing brightness of the all-around black privacy protection area is only about 40 nits. At the same time, with the reduction of the area backlight brightness, the viewing angle brightness of the all-around black privacy protection area can be reduced to less than 10 nits, and the pattern is blurred to achieve all-around black privacy protection. Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown in the figure, the solid curve is the simulation curve when the voltage difference between the first marking pattern electrode strip 141 and the second marking pattern electrode strip 161 is 0V, and the dashed curve is the simulation curve when the voltage difference between the first marking pattern electrode strip 141 and the second marking pattern electrode strip 161 is 5.8V. Figure 19 and Figure 20It can be seen that when the voltage difference between the first marking pattern electrode strip 141 and the second marking pattern electrode strip 161 is 5.8V, the brightness of the dimming box 10 in all directions is low, thereby realizing the area-wide all-round black state privacy mode.

[0100] In full-screen wide viewing angle mode, full-screen narrow viewing angle mode, and area all-around black privacy mode, the display box 20 and backlight module 40 are turned on, and a corresponding grayscale voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 222. A voltage difference is formed between the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221, and a horizontal electric field is generated. Figure 10 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 17 The positive liquid crystal molecules are deflected in the horizontal direction in a direction parallel to the horizontal electric field (E1). The gray level voltage includes 0 to 255 gray level voltages. When different gray level voltages are applied to the pixel electrode 222, the pixel unit presents different brightness, thereby displaying different images, so as to realize the normal display of the display device under wide and narrow viewing angles.

[0101] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention when displaying the identification pattern. Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention when displaying a logo pattern. Figure 16 , Figure 21 and Figure 22 As shown, in the identification pattern display mode, a common electrical signal Vcom is applied to the common viewing angle electrode 111, a third electrical signal V3 is applied to the first identification pattern electrode strip 141, and a fourth electrical signal V4 is applied to the second identification pattern electrode strip 161. The voltage difference between the third electrical signal V3 and the fourth electrical signal V4 is greater than a fifth preset value (e.g., greater than 1.5V) and less than a sixth preset value (e.g., less than 10V). In this embodiment, the second preset value < the fifth preset value < the sixth preset value. The common electrical signal Vcom and the fourth electrical signal V4 are both 0V DC voltage, and the third electrical signal V3 is, for example, 5.8V AC voltage. At this time, a large horizontal electric field is formed between the first identification pattern electrode strip 141 and the second identification pattern electrode strip 161. Figure 21 In the first liquid crystal layer 13 (E5), the positive liquid crystal molecules undergo a large deflection in the horizontal direction, resulting in a phase delay of λ / 2 in the first liquid crystal layer 13 within the marking pattern area 110. This allows the reflected light from the transflective layer 32 to pass through the marking pattern area 110, thus displaying the marking pattern. Of course, a small vertical electric field is also formed between the first marking pattern electrode strip 141 and the common viewing angle electrode 111. Figure 21In E4), the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 will also be deflected in the vertical direction, and the vertical electric field is small and negligible. In other embodiments, the fourth electrical signal V4 can also be an AC voltage with the opposite polarity to the third electrical signal V3, for example, an AC voltage of -5.8V.

[0102] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention during specular reflection. Figure 16 and Figure 23 As shown, in the specular reflection mode, its principle is similar to that of the marking pattern display mode. Specifically, a common electrical signal Vcom is applied to all common viewing angle electrodes 111, a third electrical signal V3 is applied to all first viewing angle electrodes 14, and a fourth electrical signal V4 is applied to all second viewing angle electrodes 16. The voltage difference between the third electrical signal V3 and the fourth electrical signal V4 is greater than a fifth preset value (e.g., greater than 1.5V) and less than a sixth preset value (e.g., less than 10V). In this embodiment, the common electrical signal Vcom and the fourth electrical signal V4 are both 0V DC voltages, and the third electrical signal V3 is, for example, an AC voltage of 5.8V. A large horizontal electric field will be formed between all first viewing angle electrodes 14 and all second viewing angle electrodes 16. Figure 23 In E5), all positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 undergo a significant deflection in the horizontal direction, and all regions of the first liquid crystal layer 13 have a phase retardation of λ / 2, thereby allowing the reflected light from the transflective layer 32 to pass through the marking pattern area 110 and the non-marking pattern area 120, achieving specular reflection. Of course, in other embodiments, the fourth electrical signal V4 can also be an AC voltage with the opposite polarity to the third electrical signal V3, for example, an AC voltage of -5.8V.

[0103] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention when displaying a logo pattern / mirror reflection. Figure 24As shown, in the identification pattern display mode, the first liquid crystal layer 13 in the identification pattern area 110 has a λ / 2 effective phase delay. After the ambient light passes through the first polarizer 31, it forms linearly polarized light (0°) parallel to the transmission axis of the first polarizer 31. After passing through the first liquid crystal layer 13 with a λ / 2 phase delay, it is deflected by 90°, thus becoming parallel to the reflective axis of the reflective layer 32 and being reflected back by the reflective layer 32. Then, after passing through the first liquid crystal layer 13 with a λ / 2 phase delay, it is deflected by 90° and passes through the first polarizer 31, making the identification pattern area 110 appear bright. Since no edge electric field is formed in the non-marking pattern area 120, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 remain in their initial state. Ambient light passing through the first polarizer 31 forms linearly polarized light parallel to the transmission axis of the first polarizer 31. This linearly polarized light, after passing through the first liquid crystal layer 13, remains parallel to the transmission axis of the first polarizer 31. Finally, all light passes through the reflective layer 32, and no light is reflected back by the reflective layer 32. Therefore, the non-marking pattern area 120 appears dark. Similarly, the principle of the specular reflection mode is the same as that of the marking pattern area 110 in the marking pattern display mode, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0104] In the logo pattern display mode and specular reflection mode, the display box 20 and backlight module 40 are turned off, and the display is achieved by reflecting light through the transflective layer 32. In the logo pattern display mode and specular reflection mode, since the image is essentially the same at different times, the frequency of the third electrical signal V3 can be relatively low, for example, 1Hz. However, the image differs between wide-viewing-angle and narrow-viewing-angle modes, and the driving frequencies of the first electrical signal V1 and the second electrical signal V2 are 60Hz to 150Hz.

[0105] [Example 2]

[0106] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second substrate in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 22 As shown, the display panel, display device, and driving method with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention are similar to those in Embodiment 1. Figures 1 to 24 The display panel, display device, and driving method for switchable viewing angles in the ) are basically the same, except that in this embodiment:

[0107] The first-view electrode 14 and the second-view electrode 16 are located on the same layer, and the first signal electrode network 15 and the second signal electrode network 17 are located on the same layer. Since the first-view electrode 14 and the second-view electrode 16 are located on the same layer, the spacing between the common-view electrode 111 and all the first-view electrodes 14, and between the common-view electrode 111 and all the second-view electrodes 16, is the same. The differential voltage between the common-view electrode 111 and all the first-view electrodes 14, and between the common-view electrode 111 and all the second-view electrodes 16, is not affected by the spacing. Therefore, in the full-screen wide-view mode, the full-screen narrow-view mode, and the regional narrow-view mode, the same voltage signal is applied to the first-view electrode 14 and the second-view electrode 16 in the corresponding regions.

[0108] Those skilled in the art should understand that the remaining structures and working principles of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0109] [Example 3]

[0110] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the display device in its initial state according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Figure 26 As shown, the display panel, display device, and driving method with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention are similar to those in Embodiment 1. Figures 1 to 24 The display panel, display device, and driving method for switchable viewing angles in the ) are basically the same, except that in this embodiment:

[0111] The reflective layer 32 is a metal wire grid polarizer. The metal wire grid polarizer can transmit light perpendicular to the wire grid and reflect light parallel to the wire grid. That is, the metal wire grid polarizer replaces the reflective polarizer.

[0112] Furthermore, a compensation film 35 may be provided between the dimming box 10 and the display box 20. The compensation film 35 may be a viewing angle compensation film for compensating for narrow viewing angles or a brightness compensation film for compensating for brightness.

[0113] In this embodiment, since the reflective layer 32 is a metal wire grid polarizer, the metal wire grid polarizer is directly disposed on the side of the color filter substrate 21 facing the second liquid crystal layer 23, thereby making the display panel thinner and lighter. Of course, in other embodiments, the metal wire grid polarizer is directly disposed on the side of the second substrate 12 facing the first liquid crystal layer 13.

[0114] Those skilled in the art should understand that the remaining structures and working principles of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0115] [Example 4]

[0116] Figure 27This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display device in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the first viewing angle electrode in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the second viewing angle electrode in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. The display panel, display device, and driving method with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention are similar to those in Embodiment 1 (…). Figures 1 to 24 The display panel, display device, and driving method for switchable viewing angles in the ) are basically the same, except that in this embodiment:

[0117] The display panel has two viewing angle switching areas 200. One viewing angle switching area 200 is rectangular and located at one of the top corners of the display panel, while the other area is the other viewing angle switching area 200. Similarly, the common viewing angle electrode 111 also has a pattern corresponding to the viewing angle switching area 200, so that the common viewing angle electrode 111 corresponds one-to-one with the viewing angle switching area 200. The first viewing angle electrode 14 and the second viewing angle electrode 16 are also divided into two areas. The first viewing angle electrode 14 in two adjacent viewing angle switching areas 200 are insulated from each other and spaced apart, and the second viewing angle electrode 16 in two adjacent viewing angle switching areas 200 are insulated from each other and spaced apart. The marking pattern area 110 is located at the center of the display panel. Of course, the number and shape of the viewing angle switching areas 200 can be set according to actual needs and are not limited thereto. When the number and shape of the viewing angle switching areas 200 change, the patterns of the common viewing angle electrode 111, the first viewing angle electrode 14, the first signal electrode mesh 15, the second viewing angle electrode 16, and the second signal electrode mesh 17 need to be changed accordingly.

[0118] Those skilled in the art should understand that the remaining structures and working principles of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0119] Figure 30 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the display device in this invention. Please refer to... Figure 30 The display device is equipped with a display mode switching button 50, which is used by the user to send a display mode switching request to the display device. In this embodiment, the display mode switching button 50 can be a physical button (such as...). Figure 30(As shown). Of course, in other embodiments, the display mode switching button 50 can also be controlled by software or an application (APP) to implement the switching function (e.g., setting the display mode via a slider). When the user needs to switch between wide viewing angle, narrow viewing angle, and sleep mode, they can send a viewing angle switching request to the display device by operating the viewing angle switching button 50. Finally, the driver chip 60 controls the application of different electrical signals to the common viewing angle electrode 111, the first viewing angle electrode 14, and the second viewing angle electrode 16, so that the display device can switch between wide and narrow viewing angles. When switching to wide viewing angle, the driving method is the driving method corresponding to the wide-angle mode; when switching to narrow viewing angle, the driving method is the driving method corresponding to the full-screen narrow viewing angle mode; and when switching to sleep mode, the driving method is the driving method corresponding to the sleep mode. The sleep mode includes a logo pattern display mode and a specular reflection mode. Therefore, the display device of this embodiment has strong operational flexibility and convenience, achieving a multi-functional display device that integrates entertainment video and privacy protection.

[0120] In this document, the directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, and back are defined according to the position of the structures in the accompanying drawings and the relative positions of the structures, and are only used for clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of these directional terms should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application. It should also be understood that the terms "first" and "second," etc., used herein are only used for distinction in name and are not used to limit the number or order.

[0121] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which are equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A display device, characterized in that, It includes a backlight module (40) and a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, the display panel being located on the light-emitting side of the backlight module (40); The display panel includes a display box (20) and a dimming box (10) stacked on the light-emitting side of the display box (20). A first polarizer (31) is provided on the side of the dimming box (10) away from the display box (20). A transflective layer (32) is provided between the dimming box (10) and the display box (20). A second polarizer (33) is provided on the side of the display box (20) away from the dimming box (10). The light transmission axis of the first polarizer (31) is parallel to the light transmission axis of the transflective layer (32). The light transmission axis of the second polarizer (33) is perpendicular to the light transmission axis of the transflective layer (32). The reflective axis of the transflective layer (32) is perpendicular to the light transmission axis of the transflective layer (32). The display panel has a graphically labeled pattern area (110), a non-labeled pattern area (120), and multiple viewing angle switching areas (200). The labeled pattern area (110) is located in at least one of the viewing angle switching areas (200). All areas in the viewing angle switching areas (200) other than the labeled pattern area (110) are the non-labeled pattern areas (120). The backlight module (40) includes multiple dimming areas (401) that correspond one-to-one with the viewing angle switching areas (200). The multiple dimming areas (401) emit light independently from each other. The dimming box (10) includes a first substrate (11), a second substrate (12) disposed opposite to the first substrate (11), and a first liquid crystal layer (13) disposed between the first substrate (11) and the second substrate (12). The first liquid crystal layer (13) uses positive liquid crystal molecules. The first substrate (11) has a plurality of common viewing angle electrodes (111) on the side facing the first liquid crystal layer (13), which correspond one-to-one with the viewing angle switching area (200). The second substrate (12) has a first viewing angle electrode (14) and a second viewing angle electrode (16) cooperating with the common viewing angle electrodes (111) on the side facing the first liquid crystal layer (13). The first viewing angle electrode (14) and the second viewing angle electrode (16) are insulated from each other and spaced apart. The first viewing angle electrode (14) and the second viewing angle electrode (16) in two adjacent viewing angle switching areas (200) are separated by a certain distance. The first viewing angle electrode (14) includes a first marking pattern electrode strip (141) and a first non-marking pattern electrode strip (142) that are mutually insulated and spaced apart. The second viewing angle electrode (16) includes a second marking pattern electrode strip (161) and a second non-marking pattern electrode strip (162) that are mutually insulated. The first marking pattern electrode strip (141) and the second marking pattern electrode strip (161) are both corresponding to the marking pattern area (110). The first non-marking pattern electrode strip (142) and the second non-marking pattern electrode strip (162) are both corresponding to the non-marking pattern area (120). The projections of the first marking pattern electrode strip (141) and the second marking pattern electrode strip (161), the first non-marking pattern electrode strip (142) and the second non-marking pattern electrode strip (162) on the second substrate (12) are parallel to each other and alternately distributed. The display device includes a regional all-around black privacy mode. In the regional all-around black privacy mode, a common electrical signal (Vcom) is applied to the common viewing angle electrode (111) in the all-around black privacy area, a third electrical signal (V3) is applied to the first identification pattern electrode strip (141) in the all-around black privacy area, and a fourth electrical signal (V4) is applied to the second identification pattern electrode strip (161) in the all-around black privacy area. The voltage difference between the third electrical signal (V3) and the fourth electrical signal (V4) is greater than a fifth preset value and less than a sixth preset value, so that the first liquid crystal layer (13) in the all-around black privacy area has a phase delay of λ / 2, and the backlight cannot pass through the all-around black privacy area corresponding to the dimming box (10), so that the all-around black privacy area is black. In the regional all-around black privacy mode, the backlight module (40) and the display box (20) are both in the open state.

2. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second substrate (12) is further provided with a first signal electrode grid (15) and a second signal electrode grid (17) on the side facing the first liquid crystal layer (13). The first signal electrode grid (15) and the first viewing angle electrode (14) are located on different layers, and the second signal electrode grid (17) and the second viewing angle electrode (16) are located on different layers. The first signal electrode grid (15) and the second signal electrode grid (17) are insulated from each other. The first signal electrode network (15) includes a first identification pattern electrode network (151) electrically connected to the first identification pattern electrode strip (141) and a first non-identification pattern electrode network (152) electrically connected to the first non-identification pattern electrode strip (142). The second signal electrode network (17) includes a second identification pattern electrode network (171) electrically connected to the second identification pattern electrode strip (161) and a second non-identification pattern electrode network (172) electrically connected to the second non-identification pattern electrode strip (162). The first identification pattern electrode network (151) and the second identification pattern electrode network (171) are both located within the identification pattern area (110), and the first non-identification pattern electrode network (152) and the second non-identification pattern electrode network (172) are both located within the non-identification pattern area (120).

3. The display device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second substrate (12) is further provided with a first identification pattern signal line (153) and a first non-identification pattern signal line (154) on the side facing the first liquid crystal layer (13). One end of the first identification pattern signal line (153) is electrically connected to the first identification pattern electrode mesh (151), and the other end of the first identification pattern signal line (153) extends to the edge of the second substrate (12). One end of the first non-identification pattern signal line (154) is electrically connected to the first non-identification pattern electrode mesh (152), and the other end of the first non-identification pattern signal line (154) extends to the edge of the second substrate (12). The second substrate (12) is further provided with a second identification pattern signal line (173) and a second non-identification pattern signal line (174) on the side facing the first liquid crystal layer (13). One end of the second identification pattern signal line (173) is electrically connected to the second identification pattern electrode mesh (171), and the other end of the second identification pattern signal line (173) extends to the edge of the second substrate (12). One end of the second non-identification pattern signal line (174) is electrically connected to the second non-identification pattern electrode mesh (172), and the other end of the second non-identification pattern signal line (174) extends to the edge of the second substrate (12).

4. The display device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first viewing angle electrode (14) and the second viewing angle electrode (16) are located in different layers, the first signal electrode mesh (15) and the second signal electrode mesh (17) are located in different layers, and the second signal electrode mesh (17), the second viewing angle electrode (16), the first signal electrode mesh (15) and the first viewing angle electrode (14) are arranged sequentially in the direction toward the first liquid crystal layer (13). Alternatively, the first viewing angle electrode (14) and the second viewing angle electrode (16) are located on the same layer, and the first signal electrode mesh (15) and the second signal electrode mesh (17) are located on the same layer.

5. The display device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The projections of the grid lines in the first signal electrode grid (15) and the second signal electrode grid (17) onto the second substrate (12) are staggered.

6. The display device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The reflective layer (32) is a reflective polarizer or a metal wire grid polarizer.

7. A driving method for a display device, characterized in that, The driving method is used to drive the display device as described in any one of claims 1-6, and the driving method includes: In full-screen wide-view mode, a common electrical signal (Vcom) is applied to all the common view electrodes (111), and a first electrical signal (V1) is applied to all the first view electrodes (14) and all the second view electrodes (16). The voltage difference between the first electrical signal (V1) and the common electrical signal (Vcom) is greater than a first preset value or less than a second preset value. In full-screen narrow viewing angle mode, a common electrical signal (Vcom) is applied to all the common viewing angle electrodes (111), and a second electrical signal (V2) is applied to all the first viewing angle electrodes (14) and all the second viewing angle electrodes (16). The voltage difference between the second electrical signal (V2) and the common electrical signal (Vcom) is greater than a third preset value and less than a fourth preset value. In the narrow viewing angle mode, the luminous brightness of the dimming area (401) corresponding to the narrow viewing angle area is reduced, a common electrical signal (Vcom) is applied to the common viewing angle electrode (111) in the narrow viewing angle area, and a second electrical signal (V2) is applied to both the first viewing angle electrode (14) in the narrow viewing angle area and the second viewing angle electrode (16) in the narrow viewing angle area. The voltage difference between the second electrical signal (V2) and the common electrical signal (Vcom) is greater than a third preset value and less than a fourth preset value. In the identification pattern display mode, a common electrical signal (Vcom) is applied to all the common viewing angle electrodes (111), a third electrical signal (V3) is applied to the first identification pattern electrode strip (141), and a fourth electrical signal (V4) is applied to the second identification pattern electrode strip (161). The voltage difference between the third electrical signal (V3) and the fourth electrical signal (V4) is greater than a fifth preset value and less than a sixth preset value. In the full-screen wide viewing angle mode, the full-screen narrow viewing angle mode and the regional narrow viewing angle mode, the backlight module (40) and the display box (20) are both in the open state. In the logo pattern display mode, the backlight module (40) and the display box (20) are both in the closed state. The second preset value < the third preset value < the fourth preset value < the first preset value, and the second preset value < the fifth preset value < the sixth preset value.

8. The driving method for the display device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The driving method further includes: In specular reflection mode, a common electrical signal (Vcom) is applied to all the common viewing angle electrodes (111), a third electrical signal (V3) is applied to all the first viewing angle electrodes (14), and a fourth electrical signal (V4) is applied to all the second viewing angle electrodes (16). The voltage difference between the third electrical signal (V3) and the fourth electrical signal (V4) is greater than a fifth preset value and less than a sixth preset value. In the mirror reflection mode, both the backlight module (40) and the display box (20) are in the off state.

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