Vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna

Abstract

This invention discloses a vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna, which is a sunroof glass antenna device for vehicle use. It can be installed in conjunction with the sunroof of the vehicle, avoiding the increased design difficulty caused by installation inside the shark fin and the greater influence of surrounding electrical appliances caused by installation in front of the dashboard, thus limiting the antenna performance. It includes a glass substrate, a signal layer, a ground plane (1) and a dielectric substrate (7). The signal layer and the dielectric substrate (7) are sandwiched in the glass substrate, and the ground plane (1) is located on the surface of the glass substrate. The signal layer includes a microstrip network (2) and an input microstrip line (10) coupled thereto.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of satellite navigation technology, specifically to a vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna. Background Technology

[0002] Existing vehicles are increasingly featuring sunroof antennas, with antenna integration becoming more sophisticated. The most typical sunroof antenna is the shark fin antenna. Shark fin antennas are either mounted on the roof or housed in an antenna box inside the dashboard. External shark fin antennas increase wind resistance and affect the vehicle's exterior design, while internal antenna boxes are susceptible to interference from various electrical components, significantly impacting antenna performance.

[0003] Most existing car antennas are shark fin antennas and some mounting antennas. However, the integration of various antennas together can lead to signal coupling and interference, affecting the appearance of the car. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to design a vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna, which is a sunroof glass antenna device for vehicle use. It can be integrated with the vehicle sunroof, avoiding the increased design difficulty caused by installation inside the shark fin antenna and the greater influence of surrounding electrical appliances caused by installation in front of the dashboard, thus limiting the antenna performance.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna, comprising a glass substrate, a signal layer, a ground plane and a dielectric substrate, wherein the signal layer and the dielectric substrate are sandwiched within the glass substrate, and the ground plane is located on the surface of the glass substrate; the signal layer comprises a microstrip network and an input microstrip line coupled thereto.

[0006] To further improve the realization of the vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna of the present invention, the following configuration structure is adopted: the glass substrate includes an upper glass layer and a lower glass layer, the dielectric substrate is sandwiched between the upper glass layer and the lower glass layer, and the signal layer is located between the dielectric substrate and the upper glass layer or between the dielectric substrate and the lower glass layer.

[0007] To further improve the realization of the vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna of the present invention, the following structure is specifically adopted: the input microstrip line and the microstrip network are coupled in the form of a coplanar waveguide.

[0008] To further improve the realization of the vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna of the present invention, the following structure is specifically adopted: the microstrip network has four dual-frequency antenna elements in the middle, and Wilkinson power divider microstrip networks with a 90-degree phase difference are arranged around it. At the same time, a butterfly-shaped broadband phase shifter and a part for impedance change are added.

[0009] To further improve the realization of the vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna of the present invention, the following configuration structure is adopted: the dual-frequency unit is a dual-frequency antenna unit with a rectangular opening and an L-shaped slit.

[0010] To further improve the realization of the vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna of the present invention, the following configuration structure is adopted: the low frequency of the four dual-frequency antenna elements of the microstrip network is generated by rectangular patch resonance, and the high frequency is generated by L-shaped slot resonance.

[0011] To further improve the realization of the vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna of the present invention, the following configuration structure is specifically adopted: the butterfly broadband phase shifter in the microstrip network is used to ensure that the phase difference between the high and low frequencies of the four dual-frequency antenna elements is consistent.

[0012] To further improve the realization of the vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna of the present invention, the following configuration structure is specifically adopted: the four dual-frequency antenna units generate high and low frequency signals.

[0013] To further improve the realization of the vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna of the present invention, the following configuration structure is adopted: a resistor for voltage division and current limiting is also provided in the microstrip network.

[0014] To further improve the realization of the vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna of the present invention, the following configuration structure is adopted: a power supply port is provided on the ground plane for power supply; an input port is provided on the side wall of the antenna glass substrate (preferably the left side).

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0016] This invention is a sunroof glass antenna device for use in vehicles; it can be integrated with the vehicle sunroof, avoiding the increased design difficulty caused by installation inside the shark fin antenna and the greater susceptibility to the influence of surrounding electrical appliances when installed in front of the dashboard, thus limiting the antenna performance.

[0017] This invention utilizes the sunroof glass of a vehicle as a dielectric substrate to achieve a high degree of integration between the antenna and the vehicle's glass. This allows the signal layer and dielectric substrate of this invention to be installed inside the sunroof, avoiding increased design complexity and wind resistance, while also preventing interference from other electronic components inside the vehicle and ensuring that the antenna's performance is not affected.

[0018] This invention uses a butterfly-shaped broadband phase shifter to replace the fixed metal aperture of the existing 1-to-4 Wilkinson power divider microstrip network, maintaining the phase difference between the ports of the four dual-band antenna elements.

[0019] This invention uses a coplanar waveguide for power feeding and transmits signals via electromagnetic waves between two parallel metal plates. An input microstrip line serves as the ground plane, and a microstrip network acts as the signal transmission line. It offers advantages such as low loss, high speed, and strong interference resistance.

[0020] The arrangement of the four dual-frequency antenna elements in this invention can achieve orthogonal polarization mode, without cross-polarization, thus suppressing backward interference.

[0021] Other features and advantages of this application will be set forth in the following description and will be apparent in part from the description or may be learned by practicing embodiments of this application. The objectives and other advantages of this application may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. The above and other objects, features, and advantages of this application will become clearer through the drawings. The same reference numerals indicate the same parts in all the drawings. The drawings are not intentionally drawn to scale to actual size; the focus is on illustrating the main points of this application.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a top view of the input terminal of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 To input a diagram showing the positional relationship between the microstrip line and the ground plane.

[0027] Figure 5 This is the right-hand circular polarization pattern of the antenna of the present invention at low frequencies.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the standing wave ratio (SWR) of the antenna at low frequencies according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is the right-hand circular polarization pattern of the antenna of the present invention at high frequencies.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a graph showing the standing wave ratio (SWR) of the antenna at high frequencies according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9This is a diagram of the butterfly-shaped broadband phase shifter of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 10 This refers to the location where the impedance of the antenna element in this invention is not 50 ohms but undergoes a 1 / 4 impedance change.

[0033] Figure 11 In this invention, the microstrip line is approximately 1 / 4 of the waveguide wavelength of the butterfly broadband phase shifter to generate a 90° phase difference and achieve circular polarization.

[0034] Figure 12 This invention relates to a location where 1 / 4 impedance transformation exists.

[0035] Figure 9 The function of a butterfly-shaped broadband phase shifter is to maintain a consistent phase difference without drilling holes in the glass; Figure 10 The portion shown undergoes a 1 / 4 impedance transformation. Figure 11 The microstrip line shown is used to generate a 90° phase difference to achieve circular polarization. Figure 12 The part shown acts as a 1 / 4 impedance transformation.

[0036] Among them, 1-Ground plane, 2-Microstrip network, 3-Resistor A, 4-Resistor B, 5-Resistor C, 6-Upper glass, 7-Dielectric substrate, 8-Lower glass, 9-Input port, 10-Input microstrip line. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention.

[0039] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "and / or" in this application is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0041] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, and "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0042] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can also refer to an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] In the various embodiments of this application, the functional modules can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0044] It can be replaced and can be implemented, wholly or partially, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented, wholly or partially, in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present invention are generated.

[0045] In this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, principle, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, principle, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, principle, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0046] Example 1:

[0047] This vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna is a sunroof glass antenna device for use in vehicles. It can be installed on the sunroof, avoiding the increased design complexity of installations inside the shark fin antenna and the significant interference from surrounding electrical appliances that limits antenna performance when installed in front of the dashboard. Figures 1-4 , Figures 9-12 As shown, it includes a glass substrate, a signal layer, a ground plane 1, and a dielectric substrate 7. The signal layer and the dielectric substrate 7 are sandwiched within the glass substrate, and the ground plane 1 is located on the surface of the glass substrate. The signal layer includes a microstrip network 2 and an input microstrip line 10 coupled thereto.

[0048] As a preferred design, the vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna comprises a glass substrate, a signal layer, a ground plane 1, and a dielectric substrate 7. The signal layer and the dielectric substrate 7 are sandwiched within the glass substrate. Preferably, the dielectric substrate 7 is made of PVC board, and the ground plane 1 is disposed on the surface of the glass substrate. The signal layer includes a microstrip network 2 and an input microstrip line 10 coupled thereto. The signal layer is used to simulate signal transmission and signal integrity in the circuit. The glass substrate serves as the carrier of the entire antenna structure. The ground plane 1 is used to simulate the grounding situation in the actual circuit. The microstrip network 2 is used to generate the required high and low frequency signals and serves as a signal transmission line in the coplanar waveguide feeding mode. The dielectric substrate 7 is used to simulate the transmission and reflection of electromagnetic waves by the dielectric substrate in the circuit. The input microstrip line 10 serves as the ground plane in the coplanar waveguide feeding mode.

[0049] Example 2:

[0050] This embodiment is a further optimization based on the above embodiments. The similarities with the aforementioned technical solutions will not be repeated here. Figures 1-4 , Figures 9-12As shown, to further better realize the vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna of the present invention, the following configuration structure is specifically adopted: the glass substrate includes an upper glass 6 and a lower glass 8, a dielectric substrate 7 is sandwiched between the upper glass 6 and the lower glass 8, and the signal layer is located between the dielectric substrate 7 and the upper glass 6 or between the dielectric substrate 7 and the lower glass 8.

[0051] As a preferred design, the glass substrate has two layers of glass, namely an upper glass 6 and a lower glass 8. When the antenna is installed at the sunroof of a car, the upper glass 6 of the glass substrate is the outer glass of the sunroof, and the lower glass 8 is the inner glass of the sunroof. A dielectric substrate 7 is disposed between the upper glass 6 and the lower glass 8, and the signal layer is disposed between the lower glass 8 and the dielectric substrate 7.

[0052] Example 3:

[0053] This embodiment is a further optimization based on any of the above embodiments. The similarities with the aforementioned technical solutions will not be repeated here. Figures 1-4 , Figures 9-12 As shown, to better realize the vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna of the present invention, the following configuration structure is specifically adopted: the input microstrip line 10 and the microstrip network 2 are coupled in the form of a coplanar waveguide.

[0054] Example 4:

[0055] This embodiment is a further optimization based on any of the above embodiments. The similarities with the aforementioned technical solutions will not be repeated here. Figures 1-4 , Figures 9-12 As shown, to better realize the vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna of the present invention, the following configuration structure is specifically adopted: the microstrip network 2 has four dual-frequency antenna units in the middle, and Wilkinson power divider microstrip networks with a 90-degree phase difference of 1 to 4 are arranged around it. At the same time, a butterfly broadband phase shifter and a part for impedance change are added.

[0056] Example 5:

[0057] This embodiment is a further optimization based on any of the above embodiments. The similarities with the aforementioned technical solutions will not be repeated here. Figures 1-4 , Figures 9-12 As shown, to further better realize the vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna of the present invention, the following configuration structure is specifically adopted: the dual-frequency unit is a dual-frequency antenna unit with a rectangular L-shaped slot.

[0058] Example 6:

[0059] This embodiment is a further optimization based on any of the above embodiments. The similarities with the aforementioned technical solutions will not be repeated here. Figures 1-4, Figures 9-12 As shown, to further better realize the vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna of the present invention, the following configuration structure is specifically adopted: the low frequency of the four dual-frequency antenna units of the microstrip network 2 is generated by rectangular patch resonance, and the high frequency is generated by L-shaped slot resonance.

[0060] Example 7:

[0061] This embodiment is a further optimization based on any of the above embodiments. The similarities with the aforementioned technical solutions will not be repeated here. Figures 1-4 , Figures 9-12 As shown, to further improve the realization of the vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna of the present invention, the following configuration structure is specifically adopted: the butterfly broadband phase shifter in the microstrip network 2 is used to ensure that the phase difference between the high and low frequencies of the four antenna elements is consistent.

[0062] Example 8:

[0063] This embodiment is a further optimization based on any of the above embodiments. The similarities with the aforementioned technical solutions will not be repeated here. Figures 1-4 , Figures 9-12 As shown, to better realize the vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna of the present invention, the following configuration structure is specifically adopted: the four dual-frequency antenna units generate the required high and low frequency signals.

[0064] Example 9:

[0065] This embodiment is a further optimization based on any of the above embodiments. The similarities with the aforementioned technical solutions will not be repeated here. Figures 1-4 , Figures 9-12 As shown, in order to better realize the vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna of the present invention, the following configuration structure is adopted: resistors (resistors A3, B4 and C5) for voltage division and current limiting are also provided in the microstrip network 2.

[0066] Example 10:

[0067] This embodiment is a further optimization based on any of the above embodiments. The similarities with the aforementioned technical solutions will not be repeated here. Figures 1-4 , Figures 9-12 As shown, to further better realize the vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna of the present invention, the following configuration structure is specifically adopted: a power supply port for connecting to external systems or devices and supplying power is provided on the ground plane 1; an input port 9 is provided on the side wall (preferably the left side) of the antenna glass base.

[0068] Tests have verified that:

[0069] Combination Figure 5As shown, the antenna gain is 2.69 dB at low frequencies.

[0070] Combination Figure 6 As shown, the VSWR is around 1.69 at low frequencies, indicating good antenna performance.

[0071] Combination Figure 7 As shown, the antenna gain is 1.68 dB at high frequencies.

[0072] Combination Figure 8 As shown, the antenna VSWR is around 1.1 at high frequencies, indicating good antenna performance.

[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the principles, ideas, spirit, and rules of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna, characterized in that: The system includes a glass substrate, a signal layer, a ground plane (1), and a dielectric substrate (7). The signal layer and the dielectric substrate (7) are sandwiched within the glass substrate, and the ground plane (1) is located on the surface of the glass substrate. The signal layer includes a microstrip network (2) and an input microstrip line (10) coupled thereto. The input microstrip line (10) is coupled to the microstrip network (2) through a coplanar waveguide. The microstrip network (2) is used to generate the required high and low frequency signals and serves as a signal transmission line fed by the coplanar waveguide. The input microstrip line (10) serves as the ground plane fed by the coplanar waveguide. The microstrip network (2) has four dual-frequency antenna elements in the middle and four Wilkinson power divider microstrip networks with a 90-degree phase difference around it. It also includes a butterfly broadband phase shifter and a part for impedance change. The dual-frequency antenna elements are rectangular dual-frequency antenna elements with L-shaped slots. The low frequency of the four dual-frequency antenna elements of the microstrip network (2) is generated by rectangular patch resonance, and the high frequency is generated by L-shaped slot resonance.

2. The vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glass substrate includes an upper glass layer (6) and a lower glass layer (8), a dielectric substrate (7) is sandwiched between the upper glass layer (6) and the lower glass layer (8), and a signal layer is located between the dielectric substrate (7) and the upper glass layer (6) or between the dielectric substrate (7) and the lower glass layer (8).

3. The vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the microstrip network (2), the butterfly broadband phase shifter is used to ensure that the phase difference between the high and low frequencies of the four dual-frequency antenna elements is consistent.

4. The vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four dual-frequency antenna units generate high and low frequency signals.

5. The vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microstrip network (2) also includes resistors for voltage division and current limiting.

6. The vehicle-mounted dual-frequency satellite navigation glass antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A power supply port is provided on the ground plane (1) for power supply; an input port (9) is provided on the side wall of the antenna glass substrate.

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