An antenna unit and a communication device

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application relates to the technical field of communication, and discloses an antenna unit, the antenna unit includes a dielectric substrate, a ground plate, a dielectric resonator, a magnetic dipole assembly and a feed structure, the dielectric substrate includes oppositely arranged first surface and second surface;The ground plate is arranged on the first surface, and the ground plate is provided with a gap;The dielectric resonator is arranged on the ground plate, and the dielectric resonator is coupled with the gap;The magnetic dipole assembly is arranged on the ground plate, and the magnetic dipole assembly is coupled with the dielectric resonator;The feed structure is arranged on the second surface, and the feed structure includes a first feed part and a second feed part, the first feed part corresponds to the gap, and the second feed part is connected with the magnetic dipole assembly. In the above manner, the antenna unit of the embodiment of the present application can obtain a wider beam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna unit and a communication device. Background Technology

[0002] An antenna is a device that transforms guided waves propagating on a transmission line into electromagnetic waves propagating in an unbounded medium (usually free space). It is widely used in communication terminals such as mobile phones and tablets. The antennas used in communication terminals such as mobile phones and tablets are mainly AIP (Antenna-in-Package) which combines radio frequency chips and substrate antennas. This type of packaged antenna can reduce radio frequency loss, has higher integration, and better performance. However, this type of packaged antenna requires a large scanning angle design.

[0003] In implementing the embodiments of this application, the inventors discovered that there are currently two main types of methods for designing large scan angles: broadband impedance transformers and wide bandwidth angle scanning matching layers. However, these two types of methods generally result in complex wide structures or require the loading of additional external dielectric / metal structures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main technical problem solved by the embodiments of this application is to provide an antenna unit that, by setting a feeding structure coupled to the slot, the slot coupled to the dielectric resonator, the dielectric resonator electrically connected to the magnetic dipole, and the antenna obtained by superimposing the magnetic dipole and the dielectric resonator, has a wider beam, which is beneficial for the antenna to scan at large angles.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted in this application embodiment is: providing an antenna unit, including: a dielectric substrate, a ground plane, a dielectric resonator, a magnetic dipole assembly, and a feeding structure. The dielectric substrate includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other; the ground plane is disposed on the first surface and has a gap; the dielectric resonator is disposed on the ground plane and coupled to the gap; the magnetic dipole assembly is disposed on the ground plane and coupled to the dielectric resonator; the feeding structure is disposed on the second surface and includes a first feeding part and a second feeding part, the first feeding part corresponding to the gap, and the second feeding part connected to the magnetic dipole assembly.

[0006] Optionally, the magnetic dipole assembly includes a first dipole and a second dipole, the first dipole and the second dipole are spaced apart, and the dielectric resonator is located between the first dipole and the second dipole.

[0007] Optionally, the power supply structure includes a power supply body, a first branch, a second branch, and a third branch. One end of each of the first, second, and third branches is connected to the power supply body. The first branch is electrically connected to the first dipole, the third branch is electrically connected to the second dipole, and the second branch corresponds to the gap.

[0008] Optionally, the second branch includes a first vertical section, a first horizontal section, a second vertical section, a second horizontal section, and a third vertical section connected vertically in sequence, with the first horizontal section and the second horizontal section arranged opposite to each other.

[0009] Optionally, the first branch includes a fourth vertical part and a third straight part, one end of the fourth vertical part is vertically connected to one end of the power supply body, one end of the third straight part is vertically connected to the other end of the fourth vertical part, and the other end of the third straight part is electrically connected to the first dipole.

[0010] Optionally, the first dipole includes a first metal element and a first plate, the first plate being disposed on a ground plane, the first metal element being disposed on the first plate, and the first metal element being electrically connected to the first branch.

[0011] Optionally, the first metal part includes a first groove, a second groove, and a third groove. The first groove is arranged along the length direction of the first plate, and the second and third grooves are arranged along the width direction of the first plate. The second and third grooves are respectively connected to both sides of the first groove.

[0012] Optionally, the antenna unit further includes a feeding assembly, one end of which is electrically connected to the feeding structure, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the magnetic dipole assembly.

[0013] Optionally, the first plate is flush with the dielectric resonator along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate, and the second plate is flush with the dielectric resonator along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate.

[0014] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this application is to provide a communication device including any of the antenna elements mentioned above.

[0015] This application provides an antenna unit including a dielectric substrate, a ground plane, a dielectric resonator, a magnetic dipole assembly, and a feeding structure. The dielectric substrate includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other. The ground plane is disposed on the first surface and has a gap. The dielectric resonator is disposed on the ground plane and coupled to the gap. The magnetic dipole assembly is disposed on the ground plane and coupled to the dielectric resonator. The feeding structure is disposed on the second surface and includes a first feeding part and a second feeding part. The first feeding part corresponds to the gap, and the second feeding part is connected to the magnetic dipole assembly. By disposing the magnetic dipole assembly and the dielectric resonator on the first surface of the dielectric substrate, a superposition of two antenna patterns—a magnetic dipole antenna and a dielectric resonator antenna—is formed. By disposing the feeding structure on the second surface and electrically connecting it to the magnetic dipole, the magnetic dipole antenna achieves the purpose of having the same signal amplitude but opposite phase. The antenna obtained by superimposing the magnetic dipole antenna and the dielectric resonator antenna has a wider beam, which is beneficial for large-angle scanning of the antenna. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna element from another angle in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the antenna element in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the antenna element in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the antenna element in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna element from another angle in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding structure of the antenna element in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8This is another schematic diagram of the feeding structure of the antenna unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the antenna element from another angle in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the effect of stacking a dielectric resonator and a magnetic dipole assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 11 This is the radiation pattern of the antenna unit after the dielectric resonator and magnetic dipole assembly are superimposed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 12 This is a diagram showing the effect of the operating frequency generated by the dielectric resonator of the antenna unit in this embodiment of the invention;

[0029] Figure 13 This is a diagram showing the power output at the operating frequency generated by the dielectric resonator of the antenna unit of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the superposition of antenna element beamwidths in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 15 This is the radiation pattern of the dielectric resonator of the antenna element in the embodiment of the present invention at a resonant point;

[0032] Figure 16 This is the radiation pattern at another resonant point of the dielectric resonator of the antenna element in this embodiment of the invention;

[0033] Figure 17 The radiation pattern is obtained by superimposing the radiation patterns of the two resonant points of the antenna unit dielectric resonator in this embodiment of the invention.

[0034] The reference numerals in the detailed embodiments are as follows: 100, antenna element; 10, dielectric substrate; 101, first surface; 102, second surface; 20, ground plane; 201, gap; 202, first through hole; 203, second through hole; 30, dielectric resonator; 40, magnetic dipole assembly; 401, first dipole; 402, second dipole; 411, first metal part; 4111, first slot; 4112, second slot; 4113, third slot; 412, first plate; 402, second dipole; 421, second metal part; 4211. Fourth slot; 4212, Fifth slot; 4213, Sixth slot; 422, Second plate; 50, Power supply structure; 501, First power supply section; 502, Second power supply section; 503, Power supply main body; 504, First branch; 541, Fourth vertical section; 542, Third straight section; 505, Second branch; 551, First vertical section; 552, First straight section; 553, Second vertical section; 554, Second straight section; 555, Third vertical section; 506, Third branch; 60, Power supply assembly; 601, First metal rod; 602, Second metal rod. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. When an element is described as "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. The terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "vertical," "horizontal," etc., used in this specification indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the application. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0037] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0038] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The present invention provides an antenna element 100, which includes a dielectric substrate 10, a ground plane 20, a dielectric resonator 30, a magnetic dipole assembly 40, and a feeding structure 50. The dielectric substrate 10 includes a first surface 101 and a second surface 102 disposed opposite to each other. The ground plane 20 is disposed on the first surface 101 and has a slot 201. The dielectric resonator 30 and the magnetic dipole are both disposed on the ground plane 20. The dielectric resonator 30 is coupled to the slot 201. The magnetic dipole assembly 40 is coupled to the dielectric resonator 30. The feeding structure 50 is disposed on the second surface 102. The feeding structure 50 is used to feed the antenna element 100 and adjust the signal amplitude of the magnetic dipole assembly 40 so that the signal amplitudes of the magnetic dipole assembly 40 are the same and the phases are opposite. The dielectric resonator 30 and the magnetic dipole assembly 40 are superimposed to obtain a wide-beam antenna.

[0039] Please continue reading. Figure 3 The magnetic dipole assembly 40 includes a first dipole 401 and a second dipole 402, which are spaced apart. The dielectric resonator 30 is located between the first dipole 401 and the second dipole 402, forming a superposition of two antenna patterns: the magnetic dipole antenna pattern and the dielectric resonator 30 antenna pattern, resulting in a wide-beam antenna element 100. In some preferred embodiments, the dielectric resonator 30 has dimensions of 3.76 x 3.76 x 2.16 mm, where DK = 10, and DK is the dielectric constant of the dielectric resonator 30.

[0040] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The first dipole 401 includes a first metal component 411 and a first plate 412, and the second dipole 402 includes a second metal component 421 and a second plate 422. The first plate 412 is disposed on the ground plane 20, the first metal component 411 is disposed on the first plate 412, the second plate 422 is disposed on the ground plane 20, and the second metal component 421 is disposed on the second plate 422. The power supply structure 50 is connected to the first metal component 411 and the second metal component 421 respectively to supply power to the magnetic dipole assembly 40.

[0041] Please continue reading. Figure 4More specifically, a first metal component 411 is provided on the side of the first plate 412 facing the dielectric resonator 30. The first metal component 411 includes a first groove 4111, a second groove 4112, and a third groove 4113. The first groove 4111 is arranged along the length direction of the first plate 412, and the second groove 4112 and the third groove 4113 are arranged along the width direction of the second plate 422. The second groove 4112 and the third groove 4113 are respectively connected to both sides of the first groove 4111. The first plate 412 is electrically connected to the ground plane 20. Since the first plate 412 is conductive, the first metal component 411 forms a gap 201, and current is distributed around the first metal component 411, forming a loop, that is, the first metal component 411 forms a magnetic dipole.

[0042] Please continue reading. Figure 5 A second metal component 421 is provided on the side of the second plate 422 facing the dielectric resonator 30. The second metal component 421 includes a fourth groove 4211, a fifth groove 4212, and a sixth groove 4213. The fourth groove 4211 is arranged along the length direction of the second plate 422, and the fifth groove 4212 and the sixth groove 4213 are arranged along the width direction of the second plate 422. The fifth groove 4212 and the sixth groove 4213 are respectively connected to both sides of the fourth groove 4211. The second plate 422 is electrically connected to the ground plane 20. Since the second plate 422 is conductive, the second metal component 421 forms a gap 201, and current is distributed around the second metal component 421, forming a loop, that is, the second metal component 421 forms a magnetic dipole.

[0043] In some preferred embodiments, the first plate 412 and the dielectric resonator 30 are flush with each other along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 10, and the second plate and the dielectric resonator 30 are flush with each other along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 10, so that the antenna unit 100 has a better signal receiving capability.

[0044] Please see Figure 6 The feeding structure 50 includes a first feeding part 501 and a second feeding part 502. The first feeding part 501 corresponds to the slot 201, and the second feeding part 502 is electrically connected to the magnetic dipole assembly 40. After the antenna is fed, the electromagnetic wave energy is coupled and conducted to the dielectric resonator 30 through the first feeding part 501 and the slot 201.

[0045] For more details, please see Figure 7The feeding structure 50 includes a feeding body 503, a first branch 504, a second branch 505, and a third branch 506. One end of each of the first branch 504, the second branch 505, and the third branch 506 is connected to the feeding body 503. The first branch 504 is electrically connected to the first dipole 401, or more specifically, to the first metal component 411. The third branch 506 is electrically connected to the second dipole 402, or more specifically, to the second metal component 421. The second branch 505 corresponds to the slot 201. The feeding body 503, the first branch 504, the second branch 505, and the third branch 506 constitute a one-to-three power divider to feed the antenna unit 100 and achieve the purpose of having the same signal amplitude but opposite phase for the magnetic dipole assembly 40.

[0046] Please continue reading. Figure 8 The second branch 505 includes a first vertical part 551, a first straight part 552, a second vertical part 553, a second straight part 554 and a third vertical part 555 connected vertically in sequence. The first straight part 552 and the second straight part 554 are arranged opposite to each other. The third vertical part 555 corresponds to the gap 201. The first branch 504 includes a fourth vertical part 541 and a third straight part 542. One end of the fourth vertical part 541 is vertically connected to one end of the power supply body 503. One end of the third straight part 542 is vertically connected to the other end of the fourth vertical part 541. The other end of the third straight part 542 is electrically connected to the first dipole 401.

[0047] Please see Figure 9 The antenna unit 100 further includes a feeding assembly 60. One end of the feeding assembly 60 is electrically connected to the feeding structure 50, and the other end of the feeding assembly 60 is electrically connected to the magnetic dipole assembly 40. Electromagnetic wave energy is conducted to the magnetic dipole assembly 40 through the feeding assembly 60. The ground plane 20 is provided with a first through hole 202 and a second through hole 203. The feeding assembly 60 includes a first metal rod 601 and a second metal rod 602. The first metal rod 601 passes through the first through hole 202 and is fixed to the dielectric substrate 10. The other end of the first metal rod 601 is connected to the first metal component 411. The second metal rod 602 passes through the second through hole 203 and is fixed to the dielectric substrate 10. The other end of the second metal rod 602 is connected to the second metal component 421.

[0048] This application provides an antenna unit 100, including a dielectric substrate 10, a ground plane 20, a dielectric resonator 30, a magnetic dipole assembly 40, and a feeding structure 50. The dielectric substrate 10 includes a first surface 101 and a second surface 102 disposed opposite to each other. The ground plane 20 is disposed on the first surface 101 and has a gap 201. The dielectric resonator 30 is disposed on the ground plane 20 and coupled to the gap 201. The magnetic dipole assembly 40 is disposed on the ground plane 20 and coupled to the dielectric resonator 30. The feeding structure 50 is disposed on the second surface 102. The device 50 includes a first feed section 501 and a second feed section 502. The first feed section 501 corresponds to the slot 201, and the second feed section 502 is connected to the magnetic dipole assembly 40. By setting the magnetic dipole assembly 40 and the dielectric resonator 30 on the first surface 101 of the dielectric substrate 10, a superposition of two antenna patterns, namely the magnetic dipole antenna and the dielectric resonator 30 antenna, is formed. The feed structure 50 is set on the second surface 102 and electrically connected to the magnetic dipole, so that the magnetic dipole antenna signal amplitude is the same and the phase is opposite. The antenna obtained by superimposing the magnetic dipole antenna and the dielectric resonator 30 antenna has a wider beam, which is beneficial for the large-angle scanning of the antenna.

[0049] To help readers better understand the inventive concept of this invention, comparative experiments on antenna arrays are presented below:

[0050] Figure 10 The image shows the wide beam pattern of antenna element 100 obtained by superimposing the beam patterns of the dielectric resonator antenna 30 (DRA) and the magnetic dipole assembly 40 (also known as a magnetic source current) antenna.

[0051] Figure 11 The radiation pattern of antenna element 100 is obtained by superimposing the radiation patterns of the dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) 30 and the magnetic dipole antenna.

[0052] Figure 11 The dielectric resonator 30 of antenna element 100 operates at frequencies covering 35 GHz and 36 GHz. Figure 12 In the figure, F1 is the power of antenna element 100 at 35GHz, and F2 is the power of antenna element 100 at 36GHz.

[0053] Figure 13For the dielectric resonator 30, within one of its resonant frequency bands, the electric field distribution within the dielectric is approximately the same as the electric field distribution at the resonant point. When the two resonant frequencies are relatively close, the antenna's radiation pattern is equivalent to the superposition of the radiation patterns of the two resonant modes. The actual radiation pattern of the dielectric resonator 30 at its operating frequency of 35 GHz is shown below. Figure 14 (Normalized radiation pattern), the radiation pattern of dielectric resonator 30 at 36 GHz is as follows. Figure 15 (Normalized radiation pattern) The final synthesized radiation pattern (normalized radiation pattern) at 35.5 GHz is as follows: Figure 17 It can be observed that the radiation patterns in both the E-plane and H-plane of a 3dB antenna are above 140 degrees. It should be noted that in the antenna field, the E-plane is also called the electric plane, referring to the directional plane parallel to the direction of the electric field. The H-plane is also called the magnetic plane, referring to the directional plane parallel to the direction of the magnetic field. Figures 15-17 It was learned that the beamwidth of antenna element 100 in both the E-plane and H-plane has been improved to a certain extent.

[0054] This invention also provides a communication device, the specific implementation of which can be found in the antenna unit 100 described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0055] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna element, characterized in that, include: A dielectric substrate, including a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other; A grounding plate is disposed on the first surface, and the grounding plate has gaps; A dielectric resonator is disposed on the ground plane, and the dielectric resonator is coupled to the gap; A magnetic dipole assembly is disposed on the ground plane and coupled to the dielectric resonator. The magnetic dipole assembly includes a first dipole and a second dipole, which are spaced apart. The dielectric resonator is located between the first dipole and the second dipole. A power supply structure is disposed on the second surface. The power supply structure includes a first power supply section and a second power supply section. The first power supply section corresponds to the gap, and the second power supply section is electrically connected to a magnetic dipole assembly. The magnetic dipole assembly is coupled to the dielectric resonator. The power supply structure is used to adjust the signal amplitude of the magnetic dipole assembly so that the signal amplitudes of the magnetic dipole assemblies are the same and the phases are opposite. The power supply structure includes a power supply body, a first branch, a second branch, and a third branch. One end of the first branch, the second branch, and the third branch are all connected to the power supply body. The first branch is electrically connected to the first dipole, and the third branch is electrically connected to the second dipole. The second branch corresponds to the gap.

2. The antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second branch includes a first vertical section, a first horizontal section, a second vertical section, a second horizontal section, and a third vertical section connected vertically in sequence, with the first horizontal section and the second horizontal section arranged opposite to each other.

3. The antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first branch includes a fourth vertical part and a third straight part. One end of the fourth vertical part is vertically connected to one end of the power supply body, and one end of the third straight part is vertically connected to the other end of the fourth vertical part. The other end of the third straight part is electrically connected to the first dipole.

4. The antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first dipole includes a first metal component and a first plate. The first plate is disposed on a ground plane, and the first metal component is disposed on the first plate. The first metal component is electrically connected to the first branch.

5. The antenna element according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first metal part includes a first groove, a second groove and a third groove. The first groove is arranged along the length direction of the first plate, and the second and third grooves are arranged along the width direction of the first plate. The second and third grooves are respectively connected to the two sides of the first groove.

6. The antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna unit further includes a feeding assembly, one end of which is electrically connected to the feeding structure, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the magnetic dipole assembly.

7. The antenna element according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first plate is flush with the dielectric resonator along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate.

8. A communication device, Its features are, Includes the antenna element as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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