Method for improving the yield of hybrid japonica rice production

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for increasing the yield of hybrid japonica rice seed production. Belonging to the field of rice seed production technology, the specific steps are as follows: conducting germination tests on the male-sterile and restorer lines of hybrid japonica rice; confirming the sowing time; soaking, germinating, and sowing the seeds; transplanting to a multi-span greenhouse; spraying water and applying temperature stimulation when the male-sterile line flowers, and closing the top film-rolling device; spraying water and applying temperature stimulation when both the male-sterile and restorer lines flower, ensuring complete coverage; after the panicles are sun-dried, they flower again, and the top film-rolling device is opened to facilitate pollination. This invention precisely regulates the flowering time of hybrid japonica rice, promoting earlier flowering of the male-sterile and restorer lines, allowing them to flower simultaneously. Both the glenching angle of the male-sterile line and the pollen quantity of the restorer line are highly concentrated, improving pollination efficiency, increasing the cross-pollination rate of the male-sterile line and the seed production yield, and providing stable working hours, greatly improving individual work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rice seed production technology and relates to a method for increasing the yield of hybrid japonica rice seed production. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the development of hybrid japonica rice in my country has been relatively slow, with the planting area accounting for only about 3% of the total japonica rice area. Although a considerable number of hybrid japonica rice combinations have been developed, few have actually been widely adopted in production. The main reason for this is the low seed production yield of hybrid japonica rice. This low seed production yield is due to the fact that the flowering time of the male-sterile lines in hybrid japonica rice is later than that of the restorer lines, resulting in poor pollination, low seed setting rate, and low seed production.

[0003] Therefore, understanding and controlling the flowering habits of rice is of great significance for guiding rice production, especially the seed production of hybrid japonica rice. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems and deficiencies existing in the prior art and to provide a method for increasing the yield of hybrid japonica rice seed production.

[0005] Technical solution: The method for increasing the yield of hybrid japonica rice seed production according to the present invention includes the following specific preparation steps:

[0006] Step (1): Conduct germination tests on hybrid japonica rice male-sterile lines and restorer lines to ensure seedling survival rate after sowing;

[0007] Step (2): Confirm the sowing time for sterile lines and the staggered sowing time for restorer lines;

[0008] Step (3): Soak, germinate, and sow the sterile and restorer lines;

[0009] Step (4): Transplant the sterile line and restorer line to the multi-span greenhouse;

[0010] Step (5): On the day the sterile line blooms, from 9:30 to 10:00, turn on the nozzle to spray water (3-5 minutes) to stimulate the sterile line with temperature. Adjust the water temperature in the pipe to 44-46 degrees Celsius and adjust the water volume to spray the sterile line completely without spraying the restorer line. Close the top film rolling device to form a closed space (which can advance the flowering of the sterile line by 0.5-1 hour).

[0011] Step (6): On the day the sterile line and restorer line bloom, from 10:30 to 11:00, turn on the nozzle and spray water (3-5 minutes) to stimulate the sterile line and restorer line with temperature; adjust the water pipe temperature to 35-40 degrees and adjust the water volume to the maximum; it can spray the sterile line and restorer line completely at the same time (it can make the sterile line and restorer line bloom 0.5-1 hour earlier);

[0012] Step (7): After the male-sterile and restorer lines are dried in the sun, they flower. After opening the top film rolling device and confirming that the anthers are dispersing pollen, they are driven to release pollen.

[0013] Step (8): Install pulleys 90cm high on both sides of the greenhouse, connect the two pulleys with a long rope, and pull the middle part of the long rope to advance the powder when it is being driven.

[0014] Furthermore, in step (4), a roll-up device and a large solar water heater are installed on the top of the multi-span greenhouse.

[0015] Furthermore, in step (4), a water pipe is installed every 2 meters at a height of 1.5 meters in the multi-span greenhouse, and a nozzle is installed every 1 meter on the water pipe. The amount of water sprayed by the nozzle is controllable. The nozzle is installed directly above the rice sterile line. A thermometer is installed in the multi-span greenhouse (the optimal temperature for heading is 25 to 35℃, and the optimal average temperature for flowering is about 30℃. If the temperature is below 20℃ or above 40℃, flowering and pollination will be severely affected; the temperature of the multi-span greenhouse should be controlled within the range of 25 to 35℃. If the temperature exceeds 35℃, the rolling film device should be opened and cold water should be sprayed to cool down; if the temperature is below 20℃, the rolling film device should be closed and hot water should be sprayed to increase the temperature).

[0016] Furthermore, in step (5), the water temperature in the water pipe is adjusted to 44-46 degrees (this temperature can kill a small number of self-pollinated single plants in the sterile line and reduce false hybrids), and the water volume is adjusted to be able to completely spray the sterile line without spraying the restorer line; the top film rolling device is closed to form a closed space and stimulate the sterile line to flower earlier.

[0017] Furthermore, in step (6), the water pipe temperature is adjusted to 35-40 degrees (this temperature has no effect on the anther fertility of the restorer line), and the water volume is adjusted to the maximum; it can simultaneously and completely spray both the sterile line and the restorer line, stimulating the sterile line and the restorer line to bloom earlier.

[0018] Beneficial Effects: Compared with the prior art, the features of this invention are: 1. It overcomes the problem of mismatched flowering times in hybrid japonica rice, improving the cross-pollination seed setting rate: The flowering time of the male-sterile line of hybrid japonica rice is the same as that of conventional japonica rice, generally between 11:30 am and 12:30 pm each day, while the restorer line of hybrid japonica rice flowers earlier, generally between 10:30 am and 11:30 am. This invention can promote the male-sterile line to flower 0.5 to 1 hour earlier, so that the flowering times of the male-sterile line and the restorer line coincide precisely each day, greatly improving the cross-pollination seed setting rate; 2. Concentrated flowering and good pollination effect: By spraying... Applying warm water and closing the film-rolling device creates a sealed, humid environment that strongly stimulates rice flowering. This promotes simultaneous flowering of both sterile and restorer lines, resulting in concentrated glume opening angles in sterile lines and high pollen counts in restorer lines, significantly improving pollination efficiency. 3. Stable working hours and increased efficiency: Hybrid rice pollination typically occurs between 11:30 AM and 1:00 PM, a time when people typically eat and rest. Delaying morning work to 1:00 or 2:00 PM not only harms health but also negatively impacts afternoon work. This invention allows all field seed production work to be completed before noon, benefiting health without affecting afternoon work and greatly improving efficiency. 4. Spraying hot water stimulates rice flowering, addressing the problem of closed glume on male and female lines preventing pollination in low temperatures, thus increasing seed production. 5. Spraying cold water lowers the temperature, preventing male line anther abortion caused by high temperatures, ensuring safe flowering and pollination, and further increasing seed production. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is an operation flowchart of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of each piece of equipment in the multi-span greenhouse of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings;

[0022] Example:

[0023] The seed production process of A2316 (sterile line) × Jinghui 5117 is shown in Table 1.

[0024] Table 1. Comparison of flowering time of sterile and restorer lines for conventional seed production outside the greenhouse after water spraying treatment on August 25.

[0025]

[0026] The specific steps are as follows:

[0027] (1) Germination tests of hybrid japonica rice male-sterile line A2316 and restorer line japonica rice 5117 showed germination rates exceeding 90%;

[0028] (2) The sowing time for the sterile line was confirmed as May 15, and the sowing time for the restorer line was confirmed as May 10, May 20, and May 30.

[0029] (3) The sterile line A2316 was soaked on May 11, germinated on May 14, and sown on May 15. The restorer line Zhenjinghui 5117 was sown in three stages on May 10, May 20 and May 30.

[0030] (4) On June 13, the sterile line A2316 was transplanted to the multi-span greenhouse, and the third-phase restorer line Jinghui 5117 was transplanted to the multi-span greenhouse at 25-28 days of age (see...). Figure 2 );

[0031] In step (4), the roof of the multi-span greenhouse is equipped with a roll-up film device and a large solar water heater;

[0032] In step (4), a water pipe is installed every 2 meters at a height of 1.5 meters in the multi-span greenhouse, and a nozzle is installed every 1 meter on the water pipe. The amount of water sprayed by the nozzle is controllable. The nozzle is installed directly above the rice sterile line. A thermometer is installed in the multi-span greenhouse.

[0033] (5) On the day the male-sterile line flowers, from 9:30 to 10:00, turn on the sprinkler head and spray water (3-5 minutes) to stimulate the male-sterile line A2316 with temperature. Adjust the water temperature in the water pipe to 44-46 degrees Celsius and adjust the water volume to spray the male-sterile line completely without spraying the restorer line, ensuring that the rice ears of the male-sterile line A2316 are moist; close the top film rolling device to form a closed space (which can advance the flowering of the male-sterile line by 0.5-1 hour).

[0034] (6) On the day the sterile line and restorer line bloom, from 10:30 to 11:00, turn on the sprinkler head and spray water (3-5 minutes) to stimulate the sterile line and restorer line with temperature; adjust the water pipe temperature to 35-40 degrees and adjust the water volume to the maximum; it can spray the sterile line A2316 and the restorer line Jinghui 5117 at the same time (which can advance the flowering of the sterile line and restorer line by 0.5-1 hour);

[0035] (7) At 11:30, the ears of the sterile line A2316 and the restorer line Jinghui 5117 were dried in the sun and then flowered. The top film rolling device was opened, and after confirming that the anthers were dispersing pollen, the pollen was driven away.

[0036] (8) Install pulleys 90cm high on both sides of the greenhouse, connect the two pulleys with a long rope, and pull the middle part of the long rope to advance the powder when the powder is being stirred.

[0037] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the yield of breeding and seed production of hybrid japonica rice, characterized in that, The specific preparation steps are as follows: Step (1), by carrying out germination test of hybrid japonica sterile line and restoration line, so as to ensure the seedling rate after sowing; Step (2), confirm the sowing time of sterile line and the sowing time of restoration line; Step (3), seed soaking, germination and sowing of sterile line and restoration line are carried out; Step (4), the sterile line and the restoration line are transplanted to the continuous roof greenhouse; The top of the continuous roof greenhouse is provided with a film winding device and a solar water heater; The film winding device and the solar water heater are connected to the monitoring switchboard; A water pipe is arranged every 2 meters at a height of 1.5 meters in the continuous roof greenhouse, and a spray head is installed every 1 meter on the water pipe; The spray head is installed directly above the sterile line of rice; The water spraying amount of the spray head is controllable; A thermometer is also arranged in the continuous roof greenhouse; The sterile line and the restoration line have a suitable temperature of 25-35℃ for heading and an average temperature of 30℃ for flowering; The temperature in the continuous roof greenhouse is controlled between 25-35℃; Step (5), water spraying and temperature stimulation are carried out when the sterile line flowers; The top film winding device of the continuous roof greenhouse is closed to form a closed space; The water spraying and temperature stimulation when the sterile line flowers are as follows: from 9:30 to 10:00 on the day when the sterile line flowers, the spray head is opened to spray water for 3-5 minutes; The water temperature of the water pipe is adjusted to 44-46 degrees, and the water amount is adjusted to completely spray the sterile line without spraying the restoration line; The closed space can make the sterile line flower 0.5-1 hours earlier; Step (6), water spraying and temperature stimulation are carried out when the sterile line and the restoration line flower to ensure that the sterile line and the restoration line can be completely sprayed at the same time; The water spraying and temperature stimulation when the sterile line and the restoration line flower are as follows: From 10:30 to 11:00 on the day when the sterile line and the restoration line flower, the spray head is opened to spray water for 3-5 minutes; The water pipe temperature is adjusted to 40-42 degrees, and the water amount is adjusted to completely spray the sterile line and the restoration line at the same time, so that the sterile line and the restoration line can flower 0.5-1 hours earlier; Step (7), the sterile line and the restoration line flower after the spike head is dried by the sun, the top film winding device is opened, and the pollen is removed after the anther powders.

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