A method for preparing a spark erosion deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating of an agricultural machine wearing part and the coating

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of surface engineering, and discloses a preparation method of an electric spark deposition titanium carbide wear-resistant coating of an agricultural machinery wearing part and the coating. The method comprises the following steps: under the protection of argon, titanium carbide is used as an electrode to perform electric spark deposition on the surface of a base body which has been polished and cleaned, so as to obtain a titanium carbide coating. The titanium carbide coating has a small friction coefficient, high wear resistance and a certain thickness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of surface engineering technology, and more specifically, relates to a method for preparing an electro-spark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for vulnerable parts of agricultural machinery and the coating itself. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of modern agricultural technology, agricultural machinery has also developed rapidly. Currently, there are many types of agricultural machinery, such as tractors, harvesters, threshers, and rice transplanters. These machines not only reduce the labor intensity of farmers but also improve agricultural production efficiency. However, wear and tear on agricultural machinery parts remains a widespread problem in the production process and has not been effectively addressed. The working efficiency and energy consumption level of agricultural machinery depend on various factors, including friction and wear of parts. Soil-contacting components of agricultural machinery typically operate in harsh environments, and direct contact with abrasive particles such as soil leads to severe wear. Therefore, soil wear on these components is a prominent issue. Steel wear is a global problem. Approximately 10% of the world's total steel production is consumed annually due to wear.

[0003] Surface engineering is a technique used to modify the surface properties of materials. It is widely applied in many fields. It can improve material properties such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, heat resistance, and electrical insulation. It can also alter surface properties such as surface energy, surface tension, surface roughness, and surface hydrophobicity.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose an electro-spark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for vulnerable parts of agricultural machinery and its preparation method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a method and coating for preparing an electrospark-deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for easily worn parts of agricultural machinery. The titanium carbide coating of this invention has a low coefficient of friction, high wear resistance, and a certain thickness.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for preparing an electrospark-deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for vulnerable parts of agricultural machinery, the method comprising:

[0007] Under argon protection, a titanium carbide coating is obtained by electro-spark deposition on a polished and cleaned substrate surface using a titanium carbide electrode.

[0008] According to the present invention, preferably, the argon gas inlet flow rate for argon protection is 7-10 L / min.

[0009] According to the present invention, preferably, the nickel content is 1-2% based on the total weight of the titanium carbide electrode, with the remainder being titanium carbide.

[0010] According to the present invention, preferably, the substrate is a 316L stainless steel substrate.

[0011] According to the present invention, preferably, the thickness of the substrate is 0.5-1.5 mm; and the thickness of the titanium carbide coating is 15-65 μm.

[0012] According to the present invention, preferably, the polishing is performed by polishing the substrate in stages according to sandpaper specifications of 150#, 400#, 800#, 1200#, 1500#, and 2000#.

[0013] According to the present invention, preferably, the cleaning includes ultrasonic cleaning of the polished substrate using a mixture of acetone and alcohol.

[0014] According to the present invention, preferably, the ultrasonic cleaning time is 2.5-3.5 min.

[0015] According to the present invention, preferably, the process parameters of the electrical discharge deposition include: an output capacitance of 1000-4000μF, an output voltage of 12-24V, and a deposition time of 60-150s.

[0016] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a titanium carbide wear-resistant coating by electrical discharge deposition of the aforementioned agricultural machinery wear parts, resulting in a titanium carbide coating.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. The titanium carbide coating prepared by this invention has a strong metallurgical bond with the 316L austenitic stainless steel substrate. Due to the low heat input of the electrical discharge deposition, the heat-affected zone between the coating and the substrate is very small, and no obvious heat-affected zone can be observed under a metallographic microscope.

[0019] 2. The titanium carbide coating prepared by this invention contains a titanium carbide phase and a titanium dicarbon zero-point-0.6 phase (Ti2C). 0.06 This can further improve the mechanical properties of the coating, giving it high hardness, with a hardness of 1243 HV. 0.1 .

[0020] 3. The titanium carbide coating prepared by this invention has excellent friction reduction and wear resistance, with a friction coefficient of approximately 0.315.

[0021] 4. The preparation process of this invention is simple and easy to implement for industrial application.

[0022] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments of the invention.

[0024] Figure 1(a) shows the surface morphology of the titanium carbide coating prepared by the method of preparing an electro-spark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for vulnerable parts of agricultural machinery according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 1(b) shows the surface morphology of the titanium carbide coating prepared by the method for preparing an electro-spark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating provided in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 The diagram shows a cross-sectional morphology of the titanium carbide coating prepared by the method for preparing an electro-spark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for vulnerable parts of agricultural machinery according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 (a)-(f) show surface scan images of the titanium carbide coating prepared by the method for preparing an electrospark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for vulnerable parts of agricultural machinery according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention (wherein, Figure 3 (a) is a cross-section of the titanium carbide coating; Figure 3 (b) shows the distribution of Ti elements; Figure 3 (c) shows the distribution of Cr elements; Figure 3 (d) shows the distribution of Fe element; Figure 3 (e) represents the distribution of C elements; Figure 3 (f) represents the distribution of O elements).

[0028] Figure 4 The XRD patterns of the titanium carbide coating prepared by the method of preparing an electro-spark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for vulnerable parts of agricultural machinery provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention and the titanium carbide coating obtained in Comparative Example 1 are shown (where “Intensity” represents strength, “2Theta (degree)” represents angle, and “Austenite” represents austenite).

[0029] Figure 5 The paper shows a comparison of the friction coefficients of the titanium carbide coating prepared by the method for preparing an electro-spark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for vulnerable parts of agricultural machinery according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention with those of a 316L austenitic stainless steel substrate.

[0030] Figure 6 The invention illustrates a comparison of wear weight loss between a titanium carbide coating prepared by an electro-spark deposition method for preparing wear-resistant titanium carbide coatings for vulnerable parts of agricultural machinery, as provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and a 316L austenitic stainless steel substrate. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail. While preferred embodiments of the invention are described below, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an electrospark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for vulnerable parts of agricultural machinery, the method comprising:

[0034] (1) First, grind the 1mm thick 316L austenitic stainless steel (domestic grade is 0Cr17Ni14Mo2) substrate step by step according to the sandpaper specifications of 150#, 400#, 800#, 1200#, 1500# and 2000# to remove the oxide film on the substrate surface. Then, use a mixture of acetone and alcohol to ultrasonically clean the substrate surface for 3 minutes to remove surface oil.

[0035] (2) A cylindrical titanium carbide electrode with a size of Φ5mm×30mm is mounted on the electrode gun of the electrical discharge deposition equipment, and the oxide film at the front end of the electrode is removed by polishing with 150# sandpaper; the nickel content is 1-2% based on the total weight of the titanium carbide electrode, and the remainder is titanium carbide.

[0036] (3) Under argon protection conditions (argon inlet flow rate is 10L / min), the titanium carbide electrode of step (2) is used to perform electric spark deposition on the substrate surface treated in step (1). The output capacitance is 2000μF, the output voltage is 20V, and the deposition time is 120s to obtain a titanium carbide coating with a thickness of 50μm.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an electrospark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for easily worn parts of agricultural machinery. The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0039] The process parameters for the electrical discharge deposition in step (3) include: output capacitance of 1000μF, output voltage of 12V, and deposition time of 60s.

[0040] A titanium carbide coating with a thickness of 20 μm was obtained.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an electrospark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for easily worn parts of agricultural machinery. The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0043] The process parameters for the electrical discharge deposition in step (3) include: output capacitance of 2000μF, output voltage of 12V, and deposition time of 60s.

[0044] A titanium carbide coating with a thickness of 25 μm was obtained.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an electrospark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for easily worn parts of agricultural machinery. The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0047] The process parameters for the electrical discharge deposition in step (3) include: output capacitance of 3000μF, output voltage of 20V, and deposition time of 120s.

[0048] A titanium carbide coating with a thickness of 60 μm was obtained.

[0049] Example 5

[0050] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an electrospark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for easily worn parts of agricultural machinery. The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0051] The process parameters for the electrical discharge deposition in step (3) include: output capacitance of 4000μF, output voltage of 24V, and deposition time of 120s.

[0052] A titanium carbide coating with a thickness of 50 μm was obtained.

[0053] Comparative Example 1

[0054] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a pure titanium coating by electrical discharge deposition, the method comprising:

[0055] (1) Same as step (1) in Example 1;

[0056] (2) A cylindrical pure titanium electrode with a size of Φ4mm×30mm is mounted on the electrode gun of the electrical discharge deposition equipment, and the oxide film at the electrode tip is removed by polishing with 150# sandpaper.

[0057] (3) In air, the electrode of step (2) is used to perform electric spark deposition on the substrate surface treated in step (1), with an output capacitance of 2000μF, an output voltage of 20V, and a deposition time of 120s, to obtain a titanium carbide coating with a thickness of 65μm.

[0058] Comparative Example 2

[0059] This comparative example provides a method for preparing an electrospark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating, the method comprising:

[0060] (1) Same as step (1) in Example 1;

[0061] (2) A cylindrical titanium carbide electrode with dimensions of Φ5mm×32mm is mounted on the electrode gun of an electrical discharge deposition equipment, and the oxide film at the front end of the electrode is removed by polishing with 150# sandpaper; the nickel content is 1-2% based on the total weight of the titanium carbide electrode, and the remainder is titanium carbide.

[0062] (3) In air, the titanium carbide electrode from step (2) is used to perform electric spark deposition on the substrate surface treated in step (1). The output capacitance is 3000μF, the output voltage is 20V, and the deposition time is 120s to obtain a titanium carbide coating with a thickness of 67.8μm.

[0063] Comparative Example 3

[0064] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a wear-resistant titanium carbide coating by electrical discharge deposition. The only difference between this comparative example and Comparative Example 2 is that:

[0065] The process parameters for the electrical discharge deposition in step (3) include: an output capacitor of 2000 μF, an output voltage of 16 V, a deposition time of 120 s, and a titanium carbide coating with a thickness of 36.7 μm.

[0066] Comparative Example 4

[0067] This comparative example provides a method for preparing a wear-resistant titanium carbide coating by electrical discharge deposition. The only difference between this comparative example and Comparative Example 2 is that:

[0068] The process parameters for the electrical discharge deposition in step (3) include: an output capacitor of 2000 μF, an output voltage of 24 V, a deposition time of 120 s, and a titanium carbide coating with a thickness of 85.56 μm.

[0069] Test case

[0070] In this test example, the surface morphology of the titanium carbide coatings obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was photographed using a regular camera. The results are shown in Figures 1(a)-(b). As can be seen from Figures 1(a)-(b), the surface of the titanium carbide coating obtained under argon protection is relatively smooth and has a bright white color.

[0071] In this test example, the cross-sectional morphology of the titanium carbide coating obtained in Example 1 was observed using a metallographic microscope. The results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, by Figure 2 It can be seen that the titanium carbide coating obtained in Example 1 has a dense structure, good bonding with the substrate, and a thickness of about 50 μm.

[0072] In this test example, the titanium carbide coating obtained in Example 1 was subjected to surface scanning using a scanning electron microscope. The results are as follows: Figure 3 As shown in (a)-(f), by Figure 3 As shown in (a)-(f), Ti and Fe elements exhibit a gradient transition at the interface, indicating that the coating is a metallurgical bond.

[0073] This test example uses XRD to test the titanium carbide coatings obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. The results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, by Figure 4 It can be seen that the titanium carbide coating obtained in Example 1 contains a titanium carbide reinforcing phase.

[0074] This test example compares the friction coefficient of the titanium carbide coating obtained in Example 1 with that of the 316L austenitic stainless steel substrate. The specific methods include:

[0075] The MFT-EC4000 electrochemical corrosion tribology and wear testing machine was used. The tribological conditions were: reciprocating distance 5 mm, reciprocating speed 2 Hz, load 8 N, and friction time 20 min. The workpiece was a Φ6 mm Al₂O₃ ball. Figure 5 It can be seen that the friction coefficient of the 316L austenitic stainless steel substrate is about 0.513, while the friction coefficient of the titanium carbide coating obtained in Example 1 is close to 0.315 and has a small fluctuation.

[0076] This test example uses the above-described friction and wear test method to obtain the wear weight loss data of the titanium carbide coating and the 316L austenitic stainless steel substrate in Example 1. The wear weight loss of the titanium carbide coating obtained in Example 1 is compared with that of the 316L austenitic stainless steel substrate. Figure 6 It can be seen that the wear weight loss of the 316L austenitic stainless steel substrate is 1.5 mg, while the wear weight loss of the 316L austenitic stainless steel with titanium carbide coating deposited by electrical discharge deposition in Example 1 is 1.0 mg.

[0077] This test also tested the hardness of the titanium carbide coatings obtained in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0078] Table 1

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] The tests conducted above demonstrate that the titanium carbide coating of this invention exhibits a strong metallurgical bond with the 316L austenitic stainless steel substrate, significantly improving the surface hardness of the 316L austenitic stainless steel substrate. The titanium carbide coating obtained through this process possesses excellent wear resistance, is easy to control, and is suitable for industrial applications.

[0082] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an electrospark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for easily worn parts of agricultural machinery, characterized in that, The method includes: Under argon protection, a titanium carbide coating is obtained by electro-spark deposition on a polished and cleaned substrate surface using a titanium carbide electrode. Based on the total weight of the titanium carbide electrode, the nickel content is 1-2%, and the remainder is titanium carbide; The process parameters for the electrospark deposition include: output capacitance of 1000-4000μF, output voltage of 12-24V, and deposition time of 60-150s.

2. The method for preparing an electrospark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for vulnerable parts of agricultural machinery according to claim 1, wherein, The argon gas inlet flow rate for argon protection is 7-10 L / min.

3. The method for preparing an electrospark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for vulnerable parts of agricultural machinery according to claim 1, wherein, The substrate is a 316L austenitic stainless steel substrate.

4. The method for preparing an electrospark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for vulnerable parts of agricultural machinery according to claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the substrate is 0.5-1.5 mm; the thickness of the titanium carbide coating is 15-65 μm.

5. The method for preparing an electrospark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for vulnerable parts of agricultural machinery according to claim 1, wherein, The polishing process involves polishing the substrate step by step using sandpaper with grits of 150#, 400#, 800#, 1200#, 1500#, and 2000#.

6. The method for preparing an electrospark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for vulnerable parts of agricultural machinery according to claim 1, wherein, The cleaning process includes ultrasonically cleaning the polished substrate using a mixture of acetone and alcohol.

7. The method for preparing an electrospark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for vulnerable parts of agricultural machinery according to claim 6, wherein, The ultrasonic cleaning time is 2.5-3.5 minutes.

8. The titanium carbide coating prepared by the method for preparing an electro-spark deposited titanium carbide wear-resistant coating for vulnerable parts of agricultural machinery according to any one of claims 1-7.

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