Electronic device

Abstract

An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a dimming module. The dimming module includes a plurality of first signal lines and a plurality of second signal lines. The plurality of first signal lines extends in a first direction. The plurality of second signal lines extends in a second direction. The second direction is different from the first direction. The plurality of first signal lines and the plurality of second signal lines are curved. Each of the plurality of first signal lines and each of the plurality of second signal lines includes a plurality of first patterns, and each of the plurality of first patterns has a turning point.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Augmented Reality (AR) technology combines virtual images with real-world objects using an optical system. To improve the clarity of virtual images, an optical switch can be used to reduce the ambient light intensity in the virtual image area. However, if the wiring in the optical switch has a similar spatial frequency to the waveguide structure in the optical system, it will create a moiré pattern, which will degrade the display quality of the augmented reality technology. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure provides an electronic device that helps improve display quality.

[0004] According to embodiments of this disclosure, an electronic device includes a dimming module. The dimming module includes a plurality of first signal lines and a plurality of second signal lines. The plurality of first signal lines extend along a first direction. The plurality of second signal lines extend along a second direction, which is different from the first direction. The plurality of first signal lines and the plurality of second signal lines are curved. Each of the plurality of first signal lines and each of the plurality of second signal lines includes a plurality of first patterns, and each of the plurality of first patterns has an inflection point.

[0005] To make the above-described features and advantages of this disclosure more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0006] Figure 1 This is a partial schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0007] Figures 2A to 2C They are Figure 1 Three partial top-view diagrams of the mid-dimming module;

[0008] Figure 3A This is a schematic diagram of the first pattern;

[0009] Figure 3B This is a partial top view of the dimming module;

[0010] Figures 4A to 9B They are Figure 1 Various partial top-view schematic diagrams of the mid-dimming module. Detailed Implementation

[0011] Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same element references are used in the drawings and description to denote the same or similar parts.

[0012] Throughout this specification and the appended claims, certain terms are used to refer to specific elements. Those skilled in the art will understand that electronic device manufacturers may use different names to refer to the same elements. This document is not intended to distinguish between elements that have the same function but different names. In the following specification and claims, words such as "containing" and "comprising" are open-ended terms and should therefore be interpreted as "containing but not limited to...".

[0013] The directional terms used herein, such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," and "right," are for reference only when referring to the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are illustrative and not intended to limit this disclosure. In the accompanying drawings, each figure illustrates general features of the methods, structures, and / or materials used in specific embodiments. However, these figures should not be construed as defining or limiting the scope or nature covered by these embodiments. For example, for clarity, the relative dimensions, thicknesses, and positions of various films, regions, and / or structures may be reduced or enlarged.

[0014] In this disclosure, a structure (or layer, element, substrate) located on / above another structure (or layer, element, substrate) can refer to the two structures being adjacent and directly connected, or to the two structures being adjacent but not directly connected. Indirect connection means that there is at least one intermediate structure (or intermediate layer, intermediate element, intermediate substrate, intermediate spacer) between the two structures, with the lower surface of one structure adjacent to or directly connected to the upper surface of the intermediate structure, and the upper surface of the other structure adjacent to or directly connected to the lower surface of the intermediate structure. The intermediate structure can be composed of a single or multiple solid or non-solid structure, without limitation. In this disclosure, when a structure is positioned "on" another structure, it may mean that the structure is "directly" on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" on the other structure, meaning that at least one structure is sandwiched between the structure and the other structures.

[0015] The terms “equal to” or “same” are generally interpreted as being within 20% of a given value or range, or as being within 10%, 5%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or 0.5% of a given value or range.

[0016] The ordinal numbers used in the specification and claims, such as "first," "second," etc., to modify elements, do not in themselves imply or represent any prior ordinal number of that element (or those elements), nor do they represent the order of one element with another, or the order of manufacturing processes. The use of these ordinal numbers is solely to clearly distinguish one named element from another element with the same name. The claims and specification may not use the same terminology; therefore, a first element in the specification may be a second element in the claims.

[0017] The electrical connections or couplings described in this disclosure can refer to direct connections or indirect connections. In the case of a direct connection, the endpoints of the components in two circuits are directly connected or connected to each other by a conductor segment. In the case of an indirect connection, there is a switch, diode, capacitor, inductor, resistor, other suitable components, or combinations of the above components between the endpoints of the components in two circuits, but not limited thereto.

[0018] In this disclosure, the thickness, length, and width can be measured using an optical microscope, or the thickness or width can be measured from a cross-sectional image in an electron microscope, but are not limited thereto. Furthermore, any two values ​​or directions used for comparison may have a certain degree of error. Additionally, the terms "equal to," "equivalent to," "identical," "substantially," or "approximately" used in this disclosure generally mean falling within 10% of a given value or range. Moreover, the terms "given range is from a first value to a second value" or "given range falls within the range of the first value to the second value" indicate that the given range includes the first value, the second value, and other values ​​between them. If the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, the angle between the first and second directions may be between 80 and 100 degrees; if the first direction is parallel to the second direction, the angle between the first and second directions may be between 0 and 10 degrees.

[0019] It should be understood that the features described below can be replaced, recombined, or mixed in several different embodiments to complete other embodiments without departing from the spirit of this disclosure. Features between embodiments can be arbitrarily mixed and combined as long as they do not violate the spirit of the invention or conflict with it.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. It is understood that such terms, for example, as defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the relevant art and the background or context of this disclosure, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal manner, unless specifically defined in embodiments of this disclosure.

[0021] In this disclosure, the electronic device may include, but is not limited to, a display device, a backlight device, an antenna device, a sensing device, or a splicing device. The electronic device may be a bendable or flexible electronic device. The display device may be a non-emissive display device or a self-emissive display device. The electronic device may include, for example, liquid crystal, light-emitting diode, fluorescence, phosphorescence, quantum dot (QD), other suitable display media, or combinations thereof. The antenna device may be a liquid crystal type antenna device or a non-liquid crystal type antenna device, and the sensing device may be a sensing device for capacitance, light, heat, or ultrasound, but is not limited to these. In this disclosure, electronic components may include passive and active components, such as capacitors, resistors, inductors, diodes, transistors, etc. Diodes may include light-emitting diodes or photodiodes. Light-emitting diodes may include, for example, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), mini LEDs, micro LEDs, or quantum dot LEDs, but are not limited to these. The splicing device may be, for example, a display splicing device or an antenna splicing device, but is not limited thereto. It should be noted that the electronic device may be any arrangement or combination of the aforementioned, but is not limited thereto. Furthermore, the electronic device may be rectangular, circular, polygonal, have curved edges, or other suitable shapes. The electronic device may have a drive system, a control system, a light source system, etc., and other peripheral systems to support the display device, antenna device, wearable device (e.g., including augmented reality or virtual reality), in-vehicle device (e.g., including a car windshield), or splicing device. The following description uses a display device as an example of an electronic device or splicing device to illustrate the present disclosure, but this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a partial schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figures 2A to 2C They are Figure 1 Three partial top-view diagrams of the mid-dimming module. Figure 3A This is a schematic diagram of the first pattern. Figure 3B This is a partial top view of the dimming module. Figures 4A to 9B They are Figure 1 Various partial top-view schematic diagrams of the mid-dimming module. Figures 1 to 8B The technical solutions provided in different embodiments can be substituted for, combined or mixed with each other to constitute another embodiment without violating the spirit of this disclosure.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 1The electronic device 1 may be used for augmented reality, for example, and may include a dimming module 10, but is not limited thereto. Depending on the specific requirements, the electronic device 1 may further include other components. For example, the electronic device 1 may also include a display unit 12, a lens group 14, and a light guide element 16, but is not limited thereto.

[0024] The dimming module 10, display unit 12, and lens group 14 can be disposed on the side of the light guide element 16 away from the user's eye E and corresponding to the light guide element 16. Specifically, the display unit 12 is disposed corresponding to the light-incident area R1 of the light guide element 16, and the lens group 14 is disposed between the light-incident area R1 of the light guide element 16 and the display unit 12. The dimming module 10 is disposed corresponding to the light-outceasing area R2 of the light guide element 16. In other embodiments, the positions of the dimming module 10, display unit 12, and lens group 14 are not limited to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0025] Display unit 12 is used to provide virtual images. For example, display unit 12 may be a micro display unit, such as a micro light-emitting diode display unit, a micro organic light-emitting diode display unit, or a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) display unit, but is not limited thereto.

[0026] Image light IB from display unit 12 can be converged to light incident area R1 of light guide element 16 via lens group 14. Lens group 14 may include one or more lenses, without limitation.

[0027] The light guide element 16 is, for example, a waveguide (optical waveguide), and the image light IB entering the light guide element 16 can be transmitted in the light guide element 16 by total internal reflection (TIR). For example, the material of the light guide element 16 may include glass, plastic, ceramic, quartz, sapphire, or a combination of the above materials, but is not limited thereto.

[0028] The light-incident area R1 of the light guide element 16 may have multiple microstructures (not shown) that transmit the image light IB entering the light guide element 16 toward the light-outcident area R2 of the light guide element 16. These microstructures may be, for example, multiple straight grooves or multiple straight protrusions arranged in the X direction and extending in the Y direction, but are not limited thereto. The light-outcident area R2 of the light guide element 16 may have multiple microstructures (not shown) that transmit the image light IB transmitted in the light guide element 16 toward the user's eye E. These microstructures may be, for example, multiple straight grooves or multiple straight protrusions arranged in the X direction and extending in the Y direction, but are not limited thereto.

[0029] The dimming module 10, which is positioned corresponding to the light-emitting area R2 of the light guide element 16, serves as, for example, an optical switch. The dimming module 10 can, for example, reduce the probability of ambient light EB from the virtual image area entering the optical system (such as the light guide element 16) through electronic control. By reducing the intensity of the ambient light EB in the virtual image area, the probability of generating overlapping images can be reduced, thereby helping to improve the clarity and / or contrast of the virtual image IM.

[0030] although Figure 1 Only one set of display units in electronic device 1 is shown, positioned in front of a single eye E of the user. However, it should be understood that electronic device 1 may include two sets of display units, which may be positioned in front of (or on either side of) the user's eyes, so that both eyes of the user can receive the displayed information.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 2A to 2C The dimming module 10 may include multiple first signal lines L1 and multiple second signal lines L2. The multiple first signal lines L1 extend along a first direction (e.g., direction X). The multiple second signal lines L2 extend along a second direction (e.g., direction Y). The second direction is different from the first direction. The multiple first signal lines L1 and the multiple second signal lines L2 are curves. Each of the multiple first signal lines L1 and each of the multiple second signal lines L2 includes multiple first patterns P1, and each of the multiple first patterns P1 has an inflection point RP (see reference). Figure 3A In this article, a point where a curve changes from convex to concave, or from concave to convex, is called an inflection point. Please continue reading... Figure 3B The inflection point can be, for example, the inflection point on one side edge of the signal line (such as the first signal line L1 or the second signal line L2) (e.g., the lower edge, indicated by a dashed line), or the inflection point of the center line of the signal line, but this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0032] In detail, the dimming module 10 can be an electrically controlled dimming module, and it can be a passively driven or actively driven dimming module. Taking an actively driven dimming module as an example, the first signal line L1 and the second signal line L2 can be a scan line and a signal line, respectively, but are not limited thereto. Although not shown, the dimming module 10 may also include multiple switching elements, a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and a dielectric layer (such as liquid crystal). The multiple switching elements are electrically connected to multiple first signal lines L1 and multiple second signal lines L2, respectively. The first electrode layer and the second electrode layer can be disposed on the same side or opposite sides of the dielectric layer. The potential difference between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer can be changed by multiple switching elements, multiple first signal lines L1, and multiple second signal lines L2 to adjust the state of the dielectric layer (such as the tilting direction of the liquid crystal), thereby achieving a dimming effect.

[0033] By designing multiple first signal lines L1 and multiple second signal lines L2, the curvature of the signal lines (such as first signal line L1 or second signal line L2) in the dimming module 10 and the waveguide structure in the optical system (such as...) can be improved. Figure 1 The interference pattern generated by the multiple microstructures in the light-emitting area R2 having similar spatial frequencies helps to improve display quality.

[0034] In some embodiments, the regularity of the signal lines and the waveguide structure in the optical system can be further reduced by changing the spacing between the first signal line L1 and / or the second signal line L2, thereby further improving the interference problem. For example, the first pattern P1 has a first width W1 along a first direction (such as direction X) or a second direction (such as direction Y), and the spacing between the first signal line L1 or the second signal line L2 can be an integer multiple of half of the first width W1. In other words, two adjacent first signal lines L1 or two adjacent second signal lines L2 can be separated by one half, one, three-half, two or more first patterns P1.

[0035] like Figure 2A As shown, the spacing PP1 between two adjacent first signal lines L1 can be an even multiple of half the first width W1. For example, the spacing PP1 between two adjacent first signal lines L1 can be twice the first width W1, meaning that two adjacent first signal lines L1 can be separated by one first pattern P1, but this is not a limitation. In other embodiments, two adjacent first signal lines L1 can be separated by two or more first patterns P1.

[0036] Similarly, the spacing PP2 between two adjacent second signal lines L2 can be an even multiple of half the first width W1. For example, the spacing PP2 between two adjacent second signal lines L2 can be twice half the first width W1, meaning that two adjacent second signal lines L2 can be separated by one first pattern P1, but this is not a limitation. In other embodiments, two adjacent second signal lines L2 can be separated by two or more first patterns P1.

[0037] In an architecture where the spacing PP1 (or PP2) between two adjacent first signal lines L1 (or multiple second signal lines L2) is an even multiple of half the first width W1, the two adjacent first signal lines L1 (or multiple second signal lines L2) can be designed to be parallel to ensure consistent pixel sizes (e.g., pixel size differences less than or equal to 15%), thereby reducing uneven charging or screen flickering caused by inconsistent pixel sizes. Parallelism means that the distance between the two curves remains constant. Pixel size refers to the area enclosed by two adjacent first signal lines L1 and two adjacent second signal lines L2 in a top view. The pixel size can be calculated by photographing the multiple first signal lines L1 and multiple second signal lines L2 using an optical microscope and then using drawing software or image processing software.

[0038] like Figure 2B as well as Figure 2C As shown, the spacing PP1 between two adjacent first signal lines L1 can be an odd multiple of half the first width W1. For example, the spacing PP1 between two adjacent first signal lines L1 can be three times half the first width W1 (see...). Figure 2B ) or double (see Figure 2C That is, two adjacent first signal lines L1 can be separated by three-half of a first pattern P1 or one-half of a first pattern P1, but are not limited thereto. In other embodiments, two adjacent first signal lines L1 can be separated by five-half or more first patterns P1.

[0039] Similarly, the spacing PP2 between two adjacent second signal lines L2 can be an odd multiple of half the first width W1, for example, the spacing PP2 between two adjacent second signal lines L2 can be three times half the first width W1 (see...). Figure 2B ) or double (see Figure 2C That is, two adjacent second signal lines L2 can be separated by three-half or one-half of the first pattern P1, but are not limited thereto. In other embodiments, two adjacent second signal lines L2 can be separated by five-half or more of the first pattern P1.

[0040] In an architecture where the spacing PP1 (or PP2) between two adjacent first signal lines L1 (or L2) is an odd multiple of half the first width W1, the two adjacent first signal lines L1 (or L2) can be designed to be mirror-symmetric to ensure consistent pixel size, thereby reducing uneven charging or screen flickering caused by inconsistent pixel size. Mirror-symmetric curves refer to curves that are axially or linearly symmetric. For example, an imaginary line extending along the signal line direction between two adjacent signal lines can serve as the axis of symmetry for those two adjacent signal lines.

[0041] In some embodiments, the regularity between the signal lines and the waveguide structure in the optical system can be further reduced by changing the amplitude of the first signal line L1 and / or the second signal line L2, thereby further improving the interference problem. The larger the amplitude of the signal line, the less regularity it has with the waveguide structure in the optical system, and the better the interference problem can be improved. Please refer to... Figure 3A The amplitude A of the first pattern P1 is, for example, tangent to the inflection point RP (see...). Figure 3A The angle θ between the dashed line (in the diagram) and the first direction (e.g., direction X) is positively correlated. The larger the angle θ, the larger the amplitude of the first pattern P1. Figure 3A The first pattern P1 is schematically shown with included angles θ of 45 degrees, 60 degrees, 75 degrees and 90 degrees, but the implementation range of included angle θ is not limited to this.

[0042] In some embodiments, the angle θ between the tangent of the inflection point RP and the first direction (such as direction X) may be greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees, but is not limited thereto. Figures 4A to 4C First patterns P1 are shown with included angles θ of 30 degrees, 45 degrees, and 60 degrees, respectively. In other embodiments, although not shown, included angle θ can be any angle in the range of 30 degrees to 60 degrees.

[0043] In some embodiments, the regularity of the signal lines and the waveguide structure in the optical system can be further reduced by changing the width of the curve pattern (e.g., the second pattern P2 in Figure 5) of the odd / even number of signal lines arranged in a first direction (e.g., direction X) or a second direction (e.g., direction Y), thereby further improving the interference problem. Figure 5A as well as Figure 5B As shown, the dimming module 10A may also include multiple third signal lines L3 ( Figure 5A Only one is shown schematically) and multiple fourth signal lines L4 ( Figure 5A (Only one is shown schematically).

[0044] Multiple third signal lines L3 extend along a first direction (e.g., direction X), and the multiple third signal lines L3 alternate with multiple first signal lines L1. Multiple fourth signal lines L4 extend along a second direction (e.g., direction Y), and the multiple fourth signal lines L4 alternate with multiple second signal lines L2. The multiple third signal lines L3 and the multiple fourth signal lines L4 are curves. Each of the multiple third signal lines L3 and each of the multiple fourth signal lines L4 includes multiple second patterns P2, and each of the multiple second patterns P2 has an inflection point RP (see reference). Figure 3A ).

[0045] The width W2 of the second pattern P2 along the first direction (e.g., direction X) or the second direction (e.g., direction Y) is different from the width W1 of the first pattern P1 along the first direction (e.g., direction X) or the second direction (e.g., direction Y). Figure 5A As shown, the width W2 can be greater than the width W1, or, as... Figure 5B As shown, the width W2 can be smaller than the width W1.

[0046] exist Figure 5A In this configuration, the spacing PP1 (or PP2) between two adjacent first signal lines L1 (or two adjacent second signal lines L2) is, for example, four times half the first width W1, meaning that two adjacent first signal lines L1 (or two adjacent second signal lines L2) are separated by two first patterns P1, but this is not a limitation. Furthermore, the spacing (not shown) between two adjacent third signal lines L3 (or two adjacent fourth signal lines L4) is, for example, twice half the second width W2, meaning that two adjacent third signal lines L3 (or two adjacent fourth signal lines L4) are separated by a second pattern P2, but this is not a limitation.

[0047] exist Figure 5B In this configuration, the spacing PP1 (or PP2) between two adjacent first signal lines L1 (or two adjacent second signal lines L2) is, for example, four times half the first width W1, meaning that two adjacent first signal lines L1 (or two adjacent second signal lines L2) are separated by two first patterns P1, but this is not a limitation. Furthermore, the spacing (not shown) between two adjacent third signal lines L3 (or two adjacent fourth signal lines L4) is, for example, six times half the second width W2, meaning that two adjacent third signal lines L3 (or two adjacent fourth signal lines L4) are separated by three second patterns P2, but this is not a limitation.

[0048] In some embodiments, the regularity of the signal lines and the waveguide structure in the optical system can be further reduced by changing the amplitude of the odd / even number of signal lines arranged in a first direction (e.g., direction X) or a second direction (e.g., direction Y), thereby further improving the interference problem. Figure 6A as well as Figure 6B As shown, the angle θ between the tangent (not shown) at the inflection point (not shown) of the second pattern P2 of multiple third signal lines L3 (or fourth signal lines L4) and the first direction (or second direction) may differ from the angle θ between the tangent (not shown) at the inflection point (not shown) of the first pattern P1 and the first direction (or second direction). For example, in Figure 6A In this configuration, the included angle θ corresponding to each of the multiple first signal lines L1 (or multiple second signal lines L2) is 45 degrees, and the included angle θ corresponding to each of the multiple third signal lines L3 (or multiple fourth signal lines L4) is 30 degrees. Figure 6BIn the above, the included angle θ corresponding to each of the multiple first signal lines L1 (or multiple second signal lines L2) is 45 degrees, and the included angle θ corresponding to each of the multiple third signal lines L3 (or multiple fourth signal lines L4) is 60 degrees.

[0049] In some embodiments, the regularity of the signal lines and the waveguide structure in the optical system can be further reduced by changing the amplitude of the odd / even number of signal lines arranged in the first direction (e.g., direction X) or the second direction (e.g., direction Y), as well as the width of the curve pattern (e.g., the first pattern or the second pattern), thereby further improving the interference problem. For example, the amplitude of the odd number of signal lines arranged in the first direction (e.g., direction X) or the width of the curve pattern may differ from the amplitude of the even number of signal lines arranged in the first direction (e.g., direction X) or the width of the curve pattern.

[0050] In some embodiments, the same signal line may have multiple amplitudes and / or multiple curve patterns to further reduce the regularity of the signal line and the waveguide structure in the optical system, thereby further improving the interference problem. For example, please refer to Figure 7A Each of the multiple first signal lines L1 (or multiple second signal lines L2) includes, for example, different curve patterns interleaved, such as a first pattern P1 and half a second pattern P2 alternating along a first direction (or a second direction). Please refer to... Figure 7B Each of the plurality of first signal lines L1 (or plurality of second signal lines L2) is, for example, a first pattern P1 and a second pattern P2, alternately arranged along a first direction (or a second direction), and the angle θ between the tangent (not shown) of the inflection point (not shown) of the second pattern P2 and the first direction (such as direction X) may be different from the angle θ between the tangent (not shown) of the inflection point (not shown) of the first pattern P1 and the first direction (such as direction X), but this disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments.

[0051] In some embodiments, curve patterns of different widths and amplitudes can be combined to reduce the regularity of the signal lines and waveguide structures in the optical system, thereby further improving the interference problem.

[0052] In some embodiments, these signal lines in the dimming module may have a random curve pattern design to minimize the regularity of the signal lines and the waveguide structure in the optical system. Alternatively, based on the convenience of design and / or manufacturing processes, such as Figure 8A as well as Figure 8BAs shown, the active area (i.e., the area where the pixel array is located) of the dimming module 10B may have multiple units R. The multiple units R have a consistent curve pattern design, and the multiple units R can be arranged in an array. Each unit R may have multiple first signal lines L1 extending along a first direction (e.g., direction X) and multiple second signal lines L2 extending along a second direction (e.g., direction Y). The multiple first signal lines L1 (or multiple second signal lines L2) may have various curve pattern designs. In some embodiments, each first signal line L1 (or second signal line L2) may have multiple amplitudes. In some embodiments, the multiple first signal lines L1 (or multiple second signal lines L2) may have curve patterns of various widths. Under the above design architecture, the pixel size difference can be controlled to be less than or equal to 15%, thereby reducing the problem of uneven charging or screen flickering caused by inconsistent pixel sizes.

[0053] In some embodiments, the dimming module can be rotated by an angle so that the extension direction of the signal lines in the dimming module is staggered from the extension direction of the multiple microstructures of the light guide element, thereby reducing the interference pattern caused by their overlapping arrangement. For example... Figure 9A as well as Figure 9B As shown, the signal lines in the dimming module 10C can be rotated by an angle φ, such that the first signal line L1 extending along the first direction D1 and / or the second signal line L2 extending along the second direction D2 are not parallel and not perpendicular to the light guide element (not shown). Figure 9A as well as Figure 9B The extension directions of multiple microstructures (e.g., direction Y). For example, light guide element 16 (refer to...) Figure 1 It may include multiple microstructures (e.g., extending along a third direction (such as direction Y)) Figure 1 Multiple microstructures at the light-emitting region R2 (not shown), wherein the angle φ1 between the third direction (e.g., direction Y) and the first direction D1 and the angle φ2 between the third direction (e.g., direction Y) and the second direction D2 can be greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees, in order to further reduce the regularity of the signal line and the waveguide structure in the optical system, thereby further improving the interference problem.

[0054] In some embodiments, although not shown, the dimming module may be a passively driven dimming module. For example, the dimming module may omit the aforementioned switching elements and replace the aforementioned signal lines (such as metal lines) with transparent electrodes to reduce interference. In some embodiments, the multiple transparent electrodes may be multiple straight transparent electrodes arranged along the X and Y directions, respectively. In some embodiments, the multiple transparent electrodes may also adopt the aforementioned curved pattern design to further reduce the regularity of the signal lines and waveguide structures in the optical system, thereby further improving the interference problem. In some embodiments, the dimming module may also be controlled using a local driving method to improve light-shielding capability. For example, based on the position and size of the virtual image, it can be calculated which pixels in the dimming module need to be driven, identify the column and row electrodes corresponding to these pixels, and activate only these column and row electrodes. Since full-area driving is not required, the light-shielding capability of passive driving can be improved.

[0055] In summary, in the embodiments of this disclosure, by designing multiple first signal lines and multiple second signal lines, the interference pattern caused by the signal lines in the dimming module having similar spatial frequencies to the waveguide structure in the optical system can be improved, thus helping to improve display quality.

[0056] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure, and are not intended to limit it. Although this disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0057] While the embodiments and advantages of this disclosure have been disclosed above, it should be understood that any person skilled in the art can make changes, substitutions, and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure, and features between the embodiments can be arbitrarily mixed and substituted to form other new embodiments. Furthermore, the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited to the processes, machines, manufacturing, material composition, apparatus, methods, and steps described in the specific embodiments of the specification. Any person skilled in the art can understand from the disclosure of this disclosure current or future developed processes, machines, manufacturing, material composition, apparatus, methods, and steps, as long as they can perform substantially the same function or obtain substantially the same results in the embodiments described herein, they can be used according to this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure includes the aforementioned processes, machines, manufacturing, material composition, apparatus, methods, and steps. In addition, each claim constitutes an individual embodiment, and the scope of protection of this disclosure also includes combinations of various claims and embodiments. The scope of protection of this disclosure shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized by comprising: include: The dimming module includes: Multiple first signal lines extend along a first direction; Multiple second signal lines extend along a second direction, wherein the second direction is different from the first direction, and the multiple first signal lines and the multiple second signal lines are curves. Multiple third signal lines extend along the first direction, and the multiple third signal lines are alternately arranged with the multiple first signal lines; and Multiple fourth signal lines extend along the second direction, and the multiple fourth signal lines are alternately arranged with the multiple second signal lines, wherein the multiple third signal lines and the multiple fourth signal lines are curves. Each of the plurality of first signal lines and each of the plurality of second signal lines includes a plurality of first patterns, and each of the plurality of first patterns has an inflection point. Each of the plurality of third signal lines and each of the plurality of fourth signal lines respectively includes a plurality of second patterns, and each of the plurality of second patterns has an inflection point; and A light guide element is provided corresponding to the dimming module. The light guide element includes a plurality of microstructures extending along a third direction, wherein the angle between the third direction and the first direction, and the angle between the third direction and the second direction, are greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees. Wherein, one of the plurality of first patterns of the plurality of first signal lines has a first width along the first direction, one of the plurality of first patterns of the plurality of second signal lines has the first width along the second direction, one of the plurality of second patterns of the plurality of third signal lines has a second width along the first direction, and one of the plurality of second patterns of the plurality of fourth signal lines has the second width along the second direction. The first width is different from the second width. 2.The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, One of the plurality of first patterns has a first width along the first direction, and the spacing between two adjacent second signal lines is an even multiple of half of the first width. 3.The electronic device of claim 2, wherein, The two adjacent lines of the plurality of second signal lines are parallel. 4.The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, One of the plurality of first patterns has a first width along the first direction, and the spacing between two adjacent pairs of the plurality of second signal lines is an odd multiple of half of the first width. 5.The electronic device of claim 4, wherein, The two adjacent lines of the plurality of second signal lines are mirror images of each other. 6.The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The angle between the tangent at the inflection point and the first direction is greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees. 7.The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The angle between the tangent at the inflection point of the second pattern and the first direction is different from the angle between the tangent at the inflection point of the first pattern and the first direction.

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