A signal modulation method, device and equipment

Abstract

This application discloses a signal modulation method, apparatus, and device, relating to the field of communication technology, to address the problem of poor signal modulation performance in existing modulation and coding schemes. The method includes: determining the total dimension of the signal modulation; acquiring information to be encoded and encoding the information to be encoded, outputting an encoded signal; grouping the encoded signal according to the total dimension to obtain K groups of encoded information; determining the target dimension used in the total dimension based on the value of the k-th group of encoded information, and determining the k-th modulation symbol according to the target dimension, where k is an integer between 1 and K; and modulating the encoded signal using the k-th modulation symbol to obtain a modulated signal. The embodiments of this application employ a dimension-expanding modulation approach to modulate the signal, ensuring that the modulated signal can well adapt to the requirements of low-latency, high-reliability communication for short packet lengths, thus achieving better signal modulation performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a signal modulation method, apparatus and device. Background Technology

[0002] In Ultra-reliable and Low-Latency Communications (URLLC) scenarios, there are strict limitations on the latency of information transmission. The length of data packets used for information transmission must be short enough, which in turn requires a sufficiently short codeword length during transmission. Therefore, how to transmit information with extremely high reliability under the constraint of short packet length is a critical problem that urgently needs to be solved.

[0003] Although some researchers have given theoretical limits on information transmission performance under finite packet length conditions, the signal modulation effect of existing modulation and coding schemes is still poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a signal modulation method, apparatus, and device to solve the problem of poor signal modulation effect in existing modulation and coding schemes.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a signal modulation method, including:

[0006] Determine the total dimension of the signal modulation;

[0007] Acquire the information to be encoded, encode the information to be encoded, and output the encoded signal;

[0008] Based on the total dimension, the encoded signal is grouped to obtain K groups of encoded information;

[0009] Based on the value of the kth group of encoded information, determine the target dimension used in the total dimension, and based on the target dimension, determine the kth modulation symbol, where k is an integer between 1 and K;

[0010] The encoded signal is modulated using the kth modulation symbol to obtain a modulated signal.

[0011] Optionally, determining the total dimension of signal modulation includes:

[0012] The encoding efficiency is determined based on the code length of the information to be encoded before and after encoding.

[0013] The total dimension of the signal modulation is determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio in the scene and the coding efficiency.

[0014] Optionally, encoding the information to be encoded and outputting an encoded signal includes:

[0015] Generate a verification matrix;

[0016] The information to be encoded is encoded using the parity check matrix and the low-density parity check (LDPC) encoder, and the encoded signal is output.

[0017] Optionally, grouping the encoded signal according to the total dimension to obtain K groups of encoded information includes:

[0018] Based on the total dimension M, the encoded signal is grouped into K groups of encoded information, with each group consisting of log2(M) bits. n t The code length of the encoded signal is given.

[0019] Optionally, determining the target dimension used in the total dimension based on the value of the k-th group of encoded information includes:

[0020] Represent the k-th group of encoded information from binary to decimal to obtain the value m of the k-th group of encoded information. k ;

[0021] Determine the m-th dimension in the total dimension M k Each dimension represents the target dimension used.

[0022] Optionally, determining the k-th modulation symbol based on the target dimension includes:

[0023] Based on the target dimension, determine the k-th modulation symbol. Among them, s k Let s be an M-dimensional vector. k The mth k The value is Other values ​​are 0, and P is the power of the modulation symbol.

[0024] Optionally, after modulating the coded signal using the k-th modulation symbol to obtain the modulated signal, the method further includes:

[0025] The modulated signal is processed through an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel to obtain the received signal.

[0026] Optionally, after modulating the coded signal using the k-th modulation symbol to obtain the modulated signal, the method further includes:

[0027] The modulated signal is demodulated and decoded, and the log-likelihood ratio is output.

[0028] Bit decision is performed on the log-likelihood ratio to obtain the decoded signal.

[0029] Optionally, the demodulation and decoding of the modulated signal to output the log-likelihood ratio includes:

[0030] The modulated signal is demodulated using a soft demodulation method, and n is output. t The first log-likelihood ratio of each bit in n bits, where n t The code length of the encoded signal;

[0031] The first log-likelihood ratio of each bit is input to the LDPC decoder for decoding, and n is preserved using soft decoding mode. t The log-likelihood ratio of each bit position, output n. t The second log-likelihood ratio for each bit in the bits.

[0032] Optionally, performing bit decision on the log-likelihood ratio to obtain the decoded signal includes:

[0033] For the n t The second log-likelihood ratio of the first n0 bits is used to make a decision, resulting in a decoded signal consisting of n0 binary bits. The decision rule is that if the second log-likelihood ratio of the i-th bit is less than or equal to 0, then the bit is output as 1; otherwise, the bit is output as 0. i is an integer between 1 and n0, and n0 is the code length of the information to be encoded.

[0034] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a signal modulation apparatus, comprising:

[0035] The first determining module is used to determine the total dimension of signal modulation;

[0036] The encoding module is used to acquire the information to be encoded, encode the information to be encoded, and output the encoded signal;

[0037] The grouping module is used to group the encoded signal according to the total dimension to obtain K groups of encoded information;

[0038] The second determining module is used to determine the target dimension used in the total dimension based on the value of the kth group of encoded information, and to determine the kth modulation symbol based on the target dimension, where k is an integer between 1 and K;

[0039] A modulation module is used to modulate the coded signal using the k-th modulation symbol to obtain a modulated signal.

[0040] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a signal modulation device, including: a transceiver, a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the signal modulation method described above.

[0041] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the signal modulation method described above.

[0042] In this embodiment, the total dimension of signal modulation is determined; information to be encoded is obtained and encoded to output an encoded signal; the encoded signal is grouped according to the total dimension to obtain K groups of encoded information; the target dimension used in the total dimension is determined according to the value of the kth group of encoded information, and the kth modulation symbol is determined according to the target dimension, where k is an integer between 1 and K; the encoded signal is modulated using the kth modulation symbol to obtain a modulated signal. This embodiment determines multiple dimensions of signal modulation and selects one dimension to determine the modulation symbol, then uses this modulation symbol to modulate the signal. This allows for the use of extended-dimensional modulation to ensure that the modulated signal can well adapt to the requirements of low-latency, high-reliability communication for short packet lengths, achieving better signal modulation results. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the signal modulation method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of code domain expansion modulation provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the modulation and coding joint design scheme provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the reliability and signal-to-noise ratio of different modulation and coding schemes provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the signal modulation apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the signal modulation device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0051] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the signal modulation method provided in the embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0052] Step 101: Determine the total dimension of signal modulation.

[0053] In this application embodiment, a method of extended-dimensional modulation is proposed to modulate the transmitted signal. The core idea of ​​extended-dimensional modulation is to fully utilize the multi-dimensional signal space, including the time domain, frequency domain, spatial domain, and code domain, during communication, distributing the transmitted signal as widely as possible within the signal space. In extended-dimensional modulation, a set of orthogonal bases is selected in the multi-dimensional signal space. These orthogonal bases are selected from the frequency domain, time domain, spatial domain, code domain, or their joint domain. The transmitting end selects several bases to carry information through an information sequence. Taking extended-dimensional modulation in the code domain as an example, such as... Figure 2 As shown, one information bit is selected from N orthogonal codewords, and each codeword carries log2(N) bits of information.

[0054] Therefore, in this step, the total dimension of signal modulation is first determined, that is, the total dimension M of extended dimension modulation. The specific dimension value can be set according to the needs of the actual scenario, such as the total dimension M of extended dimension modulation given according to the required coding efficiency, signal-to-noise ratio, etc.

[0055] Optionally, step 101 includes:

[0056] The encoding efficiency is determined based on the code length of the information to be encoded before and after encoding.

[0057] The total dimension of the signal modulation is determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio in the scene and the coding efficiency.

[0058] In one implementation, an adaptive modulation and coding design method can be used to determine the total dimension M. Specifically, let the bit length of each packet (i.e., the information to be encoded) in the actual system before encoding be n0 bits, and the code length after encoding be n... t If the bit is the desired encoding efficiency, then the efficiency of the code to be designed is R. L =n0 / n t The total dimension of the extended-dimensional modulation is M. Based on the above parameters, the total spectral efficiency of the system can be calculated as follows:

[0059]

[0060] Then, R can be given under different signal-to-noise ratio constraints. L The selection method for M is shown in the table below:

[0061] Signal-to-noise ratio (dB) Total dimension M of extended modulation <![CDATA[Coding efficiency R L > -5～0 16 1 / 8 -10～-5 64 1 / 4 -15～-10 256 1 / 2

[0062] Therefore, in this implementation, the total dimension M of the extended-dimensional modulation can be determined by referring to the table above, based on the signal-to-noise ratio constraints in the actual scenario.

[0063] It should be noted that after determining the total dimension M of the extended dimension modulation, the dimension parameters of each domain of the extended dimension modulation can also be designed. In extended dimension modulation, multiple orthogonal bases on mutually orthogonal dimensions can be used, mainly including:

[0064] A single-frequency sine wave with different orthogonal frequencies in the frequency domain, assuming the number of usable frequencies is M. f ;

[0065] Let M be the number of time slots that are independent in the time domain. t ;

[0066] Let M be the number of independent beams in the airspace. s ;

[0067] Let M be the number of mutually orthogonal code chips in the code domain. c ;

[0068] The selection of these parameters must satisfy the following:

[0069] M = M f +M t +M s +M c

[0070] Therefore, in the actual system implementation, it is necessary to first use the adaptive modulation and coding design method to give the value of the total dimension M, and then determine M according to the available spectrum, time slots, number of beams and chips and the above formula. f M t M s M c The value of .

[0071] In this way, by referring to the actual needs of the scenario and determining the appropriate modulated dimension, it can be ensured that the signal modulation meets the actual needs of the scenario.

[0072] Step 102: Obtain the information to be encoded, encode the information to be encoded, and output the encoded signal.

[0073] The aforementioned information to be encoded is the transmitted signal that needs to be encoded. In this step, the acquired information to be encoded can be encoded to output an encoded signal. Specifically, as follows... Figure 3 As shown, an encoder, such as a general-purpose low-density parity check code (LDPC) encoder, can be used to encode the information c0 to be encoded, and output the encoded signal c′0.

[0074] Optionally, encoding the information to be encoded and outputting an encoded signal includes:

[0075] Generate a verification matrix;

[0076] The information to be encoded is encoded using the parity check matrix and the low-density parity check (LDPC) encoder, and the encoded signal is output.

[0077] In one implementation, a parity check matrix can be generated first, and then the parity check matrix and an LDPC encoder can be used to encode the information to be encoded.

[0078] Specifically, any existing algorithm can be used to generate the parity-check matrix, denoted as LDPC code parity-check matrix. The bit rate is R L There are a total of (n) t -n0) check nodes, n t There are n variable nodes, where n0 is the bit length of the information to be encoded before encoding, and n t This represents the length of the encoded information in bits.

[0079] Let the binary codeword to be sent, i.e. the information to be encoded, be... Where d i ∈{0,1}, i=0,…,n0-1, and then use the generated parity check matrix H and a general LDPC encoder to encode c0. Let the output encoded codeword, i.e., the encoded signal, be... Where d′ i ∈{0,1},i=0,1,…,n t -1.

[0080] In this way, by using a parity-check matrix and an LDPC encoder to encode the information to be encoded, the reliability of the encoded signal can be guaranteed and the performance of channel coding against noise can be improved.

[0081] Step 103: Based on the total dimension, group the encoded signal to obtain K groups of encoded information.

[0082] In this step, the encoded signal can be grouped according to the total dimension M to obtain K groups of encoded information. Specifically, the number of bits in each group, i.e., the length of each group of encoded information, can be determined according to the value of the total dimension M, such as per M / 3. Alternatively, log2(M) bits can be grouped together, and the remaining bits can be grouped together. If the remaining bits are less than the length of a group, they can be padded with 0s. In other words, the number of groups K of the encoded information is related to the total dimension M.

[0083] Optionally, step 103 includes:

[0084] Based on the total dimension M, the encoded signal is grouped into K groups of encoded information, with each group consisting of log2(M) bits. n t The code length of the encoded signal is given.

[0085] In one implementation, the coded signal can be grouped according to the total dimension M, with each group consisting of log2(M) bits. This yields a total of [number missing] ... Based on the group coding information, a spread-dimensional modulation symbol can be determined for each group of coding information, thereby obtaining... One extended-dimensional modulation symbol.

[0086] Thus, the actual length of the encoded signal is K log2 M, if K log2 M>n t If the codewords exceed the limit, then the excess codewords can be padded with 0.

[0087] This implementation method enables the coded signals to be grouped reasonably according to the total dimension M.

[0088] Step 104: Determine the target dimension used in the total dimension based on the value of the k-th group of encoded information, and determine the k-th modulation symbol based on the target dimension, where k is an integer between 1 and K.

[0089] This application employs a dimension-expanding modulation approach; therefore, a dimension needs to be selected from the total dimension M as an orthogonal basis. In this step, the selected target dimension can be determined based on the value of each set of encoded information, thereby determining the dimension-expanding modulation symbol corresponding to that set of encoded information.

[0090] For example, based on the value of the k-th group of encoded information, the target dimension in the total dimension M can be determined accordingly, or the target dimension can be determined based on the relationship between the value of the k-th group of encoded information and the total dimension M. Then, the representation of the k-th modulation symbol can be determined according to the target dimension. The k-th modulation symbol is related to the target dimension used, wherein the k-th group of encoded information is any one of the K groups of encoded information.

[0091] Optionally, determining the target dimension used in the total dimension based on the value of the k-th group of encoded information includes:

[0092] Represent the k-th group of encoded information from binary to decimal to obtain the value m of the k-th group of encoded information. k ;

[0093] Determine the m-th dimension in the total dimension M k Each dimension represents the target dimension used.

[0094] In one implementation, the decimal value of the k-th group of encoded information can be used to determine which dimension in the total dimensions to use. This allows the binary number composed of each bit in the k-th group of encoded information to be converted into a decimal representation, denoted as m. k Thus, the m-th dimension of the M dimensions of the extended-dimensional modulation can be determined. k One dimension was used.

[0095] In this way, the target dimension can be quickly selected based on the decimal values ​​of each group of encoded information.

[0096] Further, determining the k-th modulation symbol based on the target dimension includes:

[0097] Based on the target dimension, determine the k-th modulation symbol. Among them, s k Let s be an M-dimensional vector. k The mth k The value is Other values ​​are 0, and P is the power of the modulation symbol.

[0098] Let the total power of each extended-dimensional modulation symbol be P, and when determining the use of the m-th symbol... k After considering the given dimensions, the k-th extended-dimensional modulation symbol can be represented as follows: That is, the k-th extended-dimensional modulation symbol is the m-th k The value is Other M-dimensional vectors with values ​​of 0.

[0099] Thus, when k takes values ​​from 1 to K, the representations of the 1st to Kth extended-dimensional modulation symbols can be determined respectively, thereby completing the representation of the extended-dimensional modulation symbols. Figure 3 The modulator parameter design shown facilitates subsequent signal modulation using extended-dimensional modulation symbols.

[0100] It should be noted that, in one implementation, the modulator can also be designed with extended modes. For example, when designing the modulator symbols, two orthogonal dimensions of the transmitted symbols can be used simultaneously. In this case, the k-th modulation symbol can be represented as... Among them, sk The mth k The value is nth k The value is All other values ​​are 0. At this point, the number of dimensions usable for extended dimension modulation becomes...

[0101] Step 105: Modulate the coded signal using the kth modulation symbol to obtain a modulated signal.

[0102] Thus, after determining the extended-dimensional modulation symbol, the extended-dimensional modulation symbol in the modulator can be used to modulate the coded signal c′0, thereby obtaining the modulated signal x, x∈{s1,s2,…,s K}, s k Let k represent the i-th modulation symbol, k = 1, 2, ..., K.

[0103] Optionally, after step 105, the method further includes:

[0104] The modulated signal is processed through an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel to obtain the received signal.

[0105] In one implementation method, such as Figure 3 As shown, we can make assumptions about the channel model, assuming that the modulation symbol passes through an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, thus allowing x∈{s1,s2,…,s K The received signal is y∈R. M Then there is

[0106] y = x + n

[0107] Where n = (n1, n2, ..., n M ) T ∈R M For Gaussian white noise, n i The variables are independent of each other and follow a mean of 0 and a variance of σ. 2 The Gaussian distribution is given by i = 1, 2, ..., M.

[0108] Optionally, after step 105, the method further includes:

[0109] The modulated signal is demodulated and decoded, and the log-likelihood ratio is output.

[0110] Bit decision is performed on the log-likelihood ratio to obtain the decoded signal.

[0111] That is, Figure 3As shown, the receiver can demodulate and decode the modulated signal, such as the modulated signal x, or the signal y processed by AWGN, to obtain the decoded signal.

[0112] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the modulated signal can be demodulated and decoded using an iterative method. Let the maximum number of iterations be N. I During initialization, it can be set to T represents the iteration number. In the current iteration number T is not equal to N. I At that time, the log-likelihood ratio of the decoder output is v T The result is passed to the demodulator for the next iteration. After the iteration is complete, the final log-likelihood ratio is output. Then, a bit decision can be made on the log-likelihood ratio to obtain the decoded signal c″0.

[0113] In this way, the modulated signal can be correctly decoded to obtain the decoded signal.

[0114] Further, the demodulation and decoding of the modulated signal to output the log-likelihood ratio includes:

[0115] The modulated signal is demodulated using a soft demodulation method, and n is output. t The first log-likelihood ratio of each bit in n bits, where n t The code length of the encoded signal;

[0116] The first log-likelihood ratio of each bit is input to the LDPC decoder for decoding, and n is preserved using soft decoding mode. t The log-likelihood ratio of each bit position, output n. t The second log-likelihood ratio for each bit in the bits.

[0117] In one specific implementation method, it is possible to... Figure 3 The demodulator and decoder are designed. The demodulator can use a soft demodulation method, and the log-likelihood ratio of each bit is output after demodulation. The decoder can be an LDPC decoder. Specifically, under the assumptions of spread-dimensional modulation and additive white Gaussian noise channel, n t The log-likelihood ratio of the k-th bit out of the bits can be expressed as:

[0118]

[0119] Among them, s i :b k (s i ) = 1 indicates s i Satisfy b k (s i ) = 1, s i :bk (s i ) = 0 indicates that s i Satisfy b k (s i ) = 0, b j (s i ) refers to when the extended-dimensional modulation symbol is s i When, n t The value of the j-th bit out of the bits; p(y|s i Let y be the posterior probability. Under the assumption of an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, p(y|s) i The expression for ) can be:

[0120]

[0121] Where, σ 2 Let V be the variance of the Gaussian white noise, and P be the total power of the extended-dimensional modulation symbol.

[0122] Then, the log-likelihood ratio of the demodulator output can be... The input is fed into a general-purpose LDPC decoder, and the log-likelihood ratio at all bit positions is preserved using soft decoding mode. Let the log-likelihood ratio of the decoder output be... Let the log-likelihood ratio of the output after the iteration be...

[0123] Thus, this implementation provides a specific demodulation and decoding method, as well as a specific method for calculating the log-likelihood ratio, which can ensure good demodulation and decoding results.

[0124] Further, the bit decision on the log-likelihood ratio to obtain the decoded signal includes:

[0125] For the n t The second log-likelihood ratio of the first n0 bits is used to make a decision, resulting in a decoded signal consisting of n0 binary bits. The decision rule is that if the second log-likelihood ratio of the i-th bit is less than or equal to 0, then the bit is output as 1; otherwise, the bit is output as 0. i is an integer between 1 and n0, and n0 is the code length of the information to be encoded.

[0126] In this implementation, the log-likelihood ratio n output by the decoder can be used. t The first n0 bits out of the total bits are used for bit decision to obtain the n0-bit decoded signal.

[0127] Specifically, the log-likelihood ratio can be taken. The first n0 bits, i.e., the information bits, can be represented as: The output binary codeword is set to The judgment method is as follows:

[0128]

[0129] According to The value of each bit in the 'd' is used to determine whether d″ is less than or equal to 0. i The binary value of the corresponding bit, if If the i-th bit is less than or equal to 0, then output the value of the corresponding bit as 1. If the i-th bit is greater than 0, then the value of the corresponding bit is output as 0.

[0130] In this way, the decoded signal can be obtained based on the value of each bit in the log-likelihood ratio output by the decoder, thus ensuring the accuracy of the decoded signal.

[0131] To verify the effectiveness of the embodiments of this application, a frequency-domain spread-dimensional modulation method can be used in the simulation, that is, M mutually orthogonal frequency points are used when transmitting the signal. Let R L =1 / 2, n t =200, n0=100, N I =10. First, simulations can be used to examine how the block error rate (BLER) of different coding and modulation schemes changes with the signal-to-noise ratio, specifically as follows: Figure 4 As shown, for the same BLER requirement, the scheme proposed in this application requires a much lower signal-to-noise ratio than existing schemes. The coding and modulation scheme proposed in this application has higher gain under low signal-to-noise ratio conditions and is more suitable for URLLC scenarios compared to existing schemes.

[0132] Existing modulation and coding schemes struggle to approach the theoretical limit of the maximum achievable data rate for communication systems with finite packet lengths. This application proposes a novel joint modulation and coding design scheme that, compared to traditional schemes, approaches the theoretical limit more closely. Furthermore, compared to existing schemes, this application's scheme results in a lower Eb / N0 threshold for reliable demodulation, further leading to a significant reduction in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) threshold for reliable demodulation. This means that this application's scheme can achieve high reliability in information transmission even at low SNR conditions, where Eb represents the signal energy averaged per bit, and N0 represents the power spectral density of the noise.

[0133] The signal modulation method in this embodiment determines the total dimension of signal modulation; acquires information to be encoded and encodes the information to be encoded to output an encoded signal; groups the encoded signal according to the total dimension to obtain K groups of encoded information; determines the target dimension used in the total dimension according to the value of the kth group of encoded information, and determines the kth modulation symbol according to the target dimension, where k is an integer between 1 and K; and modulates the encoded signal using the kth modulation symbol to obtain a modulated signal. This embodiment determines multiple dimensions of signal modulation and selects one dimension to determine the modulation symbol, then uses this modulation symbol to modulate the signal. This allows for the use of extended-dimensional modulation to modulate the signal, ensuring that the modulated signal can well adapt to the requirements of low-latency, high-reliability communication for short packet lengths, thus achieving better signal modulation results.

[0134] This application also provides a signal modulation apparatus. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the signal modulation apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application. Since the principle of the signal modulation apparatus in solving the problem is similar to that of the signal modulation method in the embodiments of this application, the implementation of the signal modulation apparatus can refer to the implementation of the method, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0135] like Figure 5 As shown, the signal modulation device 500 includes:

[0136] The first determining module 501 is used to determine the total dimension of the signal modulation;

[0137] Encoding module 502 is used to acquire information to be encoded, encode the information to be encoded, and output an encoded signal;

[0138] Grouping module 503 is used to group the encoded signal according to the total dimension to obtain K groups of encoded information;

[0139] The second determining module 504 is used to determine the target dimension used in the total dimension according to the value of the kth group of encoded information, and to determine the kth modulation symbol according to the target dimension, where k is an integer between 1 and K;

[0140] The modulation module 505 is used to modulate the coded signal using the kth modulation symbol to obtain a modulated signal.

[0141] Optionally, the first determining module 501 includes:

[0142] The first determining unit is used to determine the encoding efficiency based on the code length of the information to be encoded before encoding and the code length after encoding.

[0143] The second determining unit is used to determine the total dimension of the signal modulation based on the signal-to-noise ratio in the scene and the coding efficiency.

[0144] Optionally, the encoding module 502 includes:

[0145] The generation unit is used to generate the verification matrix;

[0146] The encoding unit is used to encode the information to be encoded using the parity check matrix and the low-density parity check (LDPC) encoder, and output the encoded signal.

[0147] Optionally, the grouping module 503 is used to group the encoded signal according to the total dimension M, with each group consisting of log2(M) bits, to obtain K groups of encoded information, wherein, n t The code length of the encoded signal is given.

[0148] Optionally, the second determining module 504 includes:

[0149] The processing unit is used to represent the k-th group of encoded information from binary to decimal to obtain the value m of the k-th group of encoded information. k ;

[0150] The third determining unit is used to determine the m-th element in the total dimension M. k Each dimension represents the target dimension used.

[0151] Optionally, the second determining module 504 further includes:

[0152] The fourth determining unit is used to determine the k-th modulation symbol based on the target dimension. Among them, s k Let s be an M-dimensional vector. k The mth k The value is Other values ​​are 0, and P is the power of the modulation symbol.

[0153] Optionally, the signal modulation device 500 further includes:

[0154] The processing module is used to process the modulated signal through an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel to obtain the received signal.

[0155] Optionally, the signal modulation device 500 further includes:

[0156] The decoding module is used to demodulate and decode the modulated signal and output the log-likelihood ratio;

[0157] The decision module is used to perform bit decision on the log-likelihood ratio to obtain the decoded signal.

[0158] Optionally, the decoding module includes:

[0159] The demodulation unit is used to demodulate the modulated signal using a soft demodulation method and output n. t The first log-likelihood ratio of each bit in n bits, where n t The code length of the encoded signal;

[0160] The decoding unit is used to input the first log-likelihood ratio of each bit into the LDPC decoder for decoding, and to retain n using a soft decoding mode. t The log-likelihood ratio of each bit position, output n. t The second log-likelihood ratio for each bit in the bits.

[0161] Optionally, the decision module is used to determine the n t The second log-likelihood ratio of the first n0 bits is used to make a decision, resulting in a decoded signal consisting of n0 binary bits. The decision rule is that if the second log-likelihood ratio of the i-th bit is less than or equal to 0, then the bit is output as 1; otherwise, the bit is output as 0. i is an integer between 1 and n0, and n0 is the code length of the information to be encoded.

[0162] The signal modulation apparatus provided in this application embodiment can execute the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, so it will not be described again here.

[0163] The signal modulation apparatus 500 of this application embodiment determines the total dimension of signal modulation; acquires information to be encoded and encodes the information to be encoded to output an encoded signal; groups the encoded signal according to the total dimension to obtain K groups of encoded information; determines the target dimension used in the total dimension according to the value of the kth group of encoded information, and determines the kth modulation symbol according to the target dimension, where k is an integer between 1 and K; and modulates the encoded signal using the kth modulation symbol to obtain a modulated signal. This application embodiment determines multiple dimensions of signal modulation and selects one dimension to determine the modulation symbol, then uses the modulation symbol to modulate the signal. This allows for the use of a dimension-expanding modulation approach to modulate the signal, ensuring that the modulated signal can well adapt to the requirements of low-latency, high-reliability communication for short packet lengths, thus achieving better signal modulation results.

[0164] This application also provides a signal modulation device. Since the principle by which the signal modulation device solves the problem is similar to the signal modulation method in this application, the implementation of the signal modulation device can be found in the implementation of the method, and repeated details will not be described again. Figure 6 As shown, the signal modulation apparatus of this application embodiment includes:

[0165] Processor 600 is used to read the program from memory 620 and execute the following procedures:

[0166] Determine the total dimension of the signal modulation;

[0167] Acquire the information to be encoded, encode the information to be encoded, and output the encoded signal;

[0168] Based on the total dimension, the encoded signal is grouped to obtain K groups of encoded information;

[0169] Based on the value of the kth group of encoded information, determine the target dimension used in the total dimension, and based on the target dimension, determine the kth modulation symbol, where k is an integer between 1 and K;

[0170] The encoded signal is modulated using the kth modulation symbol to obtain a modulated signal.

[0171] Transceiver 610 is used to receive and send data under the control of processor 600.

[0172] Among them, Figure 6 In this context, the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linking various circuits together, represented by one or more processors (processor 600) and memory (memory 620). The bus architecture may also link together various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be described further herein. A bus interface provides an interface. Transceiver 610 may be multiple elements, including transmitters and transceivers, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. Processor 600 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and memory 620 may store data used by processor 600 during operation.

[0173] Optionally, the processor 600 is also used to read the program from the memory 620 and perform the following steps:

[0174] The encoding efficiency is determined based on the code length of the information to be encoded before and after encoding.

[0175] The total dimension of the signal modulation is determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio in the scene and the coding efficiency.

[0176] Optionally, the processor 600 is also used to read the program from the memory 620 and perform the following steps:

[0177] Generate a verification matrix;

[0178] The information to be encoded is encoded using the parity check matrix and the low-density parity check (LDPC) encoder, and the encoded signal is output.

[0179] Optionally, the processor 600 is also used to read the program from the memory 620 and perform the following steps:

[0180] Based on the total dimension M, the encoded signal is grouped into K groups of encoded information, with each group consisting of log2(M) bits. n t The code length of the encoded signal is given.

[0181] Optionally, the processor 600 is also used to read the program from the memory 620 and perform the following steps:

[0182] Represent the k-th group of encoded information from binary to decimal to obtain the value m of the k-th group of encoded information. k ;

[0183] Determine the m-th dimension in the total dimension M k Each dimension represents the target dimension used.

[0184] Optionally, the processor 600 is also used to read the program from the memory 620 and perform the following steps:

[0185] Based on the target dimension, determine the k-th modulation symbol. Among them, s k Let s be an M-dimensional vector. k The mth k The value is Other values ​​are 0, and P is the power of the modulation symbol.

[0186] Optionally, the processor 600 is also used to read the program from the memory 620 and perform the following steps:

[0187] The modulated signal is processed through an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel to obtain the received signal.

[0188] Optionally, the processor 600 is also used to read the program from the memory 620 and perform the following steps:

[0189] The modulated signal is demodulated and decoded, and the log-likelihood ratio is output.

[0190] Bit decision is performed on the log-likelihood ratio to obtain the decoded signal.

[0191] Optionally, the processor 600 is also used to read the program from the memory 620 and perform the following steps:

[0192] The modulated signal is demodulated using a soft demodulation method, and n is output. t The first log-likelihood ratio of each bit in n bits, where n tThe code length of the encoded signal;

[0193] The first log-likelihood ratio of each bit is input to the LDPC decoder for decoding, and n is preserved using soft decoding mode. t The log-likelihood ratio of each bit position, output n. t The second log-likelihood ratio for each bit in the bits.

[0194] Optionally, the processor 600 is also used to read the program from the memory 620 and perform the following steps:

[0195] For the n t The second log-likelihood ratio of the first n0 bits is used to make a decision, resulting in a decoded signal consisting of n0 binary bits. The decision rule is that if the second log-likelihood ratio of the i-th bit is less than or equal to 0, then the bit is output as 1; otherwise, the bit is output as 0. i is an integer between 1 and n0, and n0 is the code length of the information to be encoded.

[0196] The signal modulation device provided in this application embodiment can execute the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, so it will not be described again here.

[0197] Furthermore, the computer-readable storage medium of this application embodiment is used to store a computer program, which can be executed by a processor. Figure 1 Each step in the method embodiment shown.

[0198] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed methods and apparatus can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0199] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can be physically included separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0200] The integrated units implemented as software functional units described above can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. These software functional units, stored in a storage medium, include several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute some steps of the transmission and reception methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0201] The above description is the preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles described in this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A signal modulation method, characterized in that, include: Determine the total dimension of the signal modulation; Acquire the information to be encoded, encode the information to be encoded, and output the encoded signal; Based on the total dimension, the encoded signal is grouped to obtain K groups of encoded information; Based on the value of the kth group of encoded information, determine the target dimension used in the total dimension, and based on the target dimension, determine the kth modulation symbol, where k is an integer between 1 and K; The encoded signal is modulated using the kth modulation symbol to obtain a modulated signal; The determination of the total dimension of signal modulation includes: The encoding efficiency is determined based on the code length of the information to be encoded before and after encoding. The total dimension of the signal modulation is determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio in the scene and the coding efficiency.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of encoding the information to be encoded and outputting an encoded signal includes: Generate a verification matrix; The information to be encoded is encoded using the parity check matrix and the low-density parity check (LDPC) encoder, and the encoded signal is output.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of grouping the encoded signal according to the total dimension to obtain K groups of encoded information includes: Based on the total dimension M, in each The encoded signal is grouped into K groups, with each bit representing a group of K bits, to obtain K groups of encoded information. , The code length of the encoded signal is given.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the target dimension used in the total dimension based on the value of the k-th group of encoded information includes: The value of the k-th group of encoded information is obtained by representing it from binary to decimal. ; Determine the first in the total dimension M Each dimension represents the target dimension used.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Determining the k-th modulation symbol based on the target dimension includes: Based on the target dimension, determine the k-th modulation symbol. ,in, It is an M-dimensional vector. The The value is Other values ​​are 0, and P is the power of the modulation symbol.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After modulating the coded signal using the k-th modulation symbol to obtain the modulated signal, the method further includes: The modulated signal is processed through an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel to obtain the received signal.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, After modulating the coded signal using the k-th modulation symbol to obtain the modulated signal, the method further includes: The modulated signal is demodulated and decoded, and the log-likelihood ratio is output. Bit decision is performed on the log-likelihood ratio to obtain the decoded signal.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The demodulation and decoding of the modulated signal, and the output of the log-likelihood ratio, includes: The modulated signal is demodulated using a soft demodulation method, and the output is... The first log-likelihood ratio of each bit in the bits, where The code length of the encoded signal; The first log-likelihood ratio of each bit is input to the LDPC decoder for decoding, and the bit is preserved using a soft decoding mode. The log-likelihood ratio of each bit position, output The second log-likelihood ratio for each bit in the bits.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of performing bit decision on the log-likelihood ratio to obtain the decoded signal includes: Regarding the The first bit The second log-likelihood ratio of each bit is used to make a decision, resulting in the following: The decoded signal is a binary signal with the following decision rule: if the second log-likelihood ratio of the i-th bit is less than or equal to 0, then the bit is output as 1; otherwise, the bit is output as 0, where i is from 1 to 1. Integers between [a certain number] The code length is the code length of the information to be encoded.

10. A signal modulation apparatus, characterized in that, include: The first determining module is used to determine the total dimension of signal modulation; The encoding module is used to acquire the information to be encoded, encode the information to be encoded, and output the encoded signal; The grouping module is used to group the encoded signal according to the total dimension to obtain K groups of encoded information; The second determining module is used to determine the target dimension used in the total dimension based on the value of the kth group of encoded information, and to determine the kth modulation symbol based on the target dimension, where k is an integer between 1 and K; A modulation module is used to modulate the coded signal using the k-th modulation symbol to obtain a modulated signal; The first determining module includes: The first determining unit is used to determine the encoding efficiency based on the code length of the information to be encoded before encoding and the code length after encoding. The second determining unit is used to determine the total dimension of the signal modulation based on the signal-to-noise ratio in the scene and the coding efficiency.

11. A signal modulation apparatus, comprising: A transceiver, a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor; characterized in that the processor is configured to read the program in the memory to implement the steps of the signal modulation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

12. A computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the signal modulation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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