A method for a geostationary orbit remote sensing instrument to quickly capture stars in orbit

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for a geostationary orbit remote sensing instrument to quickly capture a star in orbit, which includes the following steps: designing a star waiting observation experiment; adjusting the star observation strategy; designing a star confirmation observation experiment according to the results of the star waiting observation experiment; adjusting the star observation strategy; designing a conventional star observation experiment according to the results of the star waiting observation experiment and the star confirmation observation experiment; capturing the star, and determining whether the result of the capture conforms to the expected position of the star. The present invention realizes the correct capture of the designated star as soon as possible and the establishment of a steady-state observation condition through the star waiting observation experiment and the star confirmation observation experiment, breaking through the restrictive factors for realizing high-precision positioning as early as possible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for a geostationary remote sensing instrument to quickly capture stars in orbit, belonging to the technical field of satellite remote sensing. Background Art

[0002] Fengyun-4 meteorological satellite (abbreviated as Fengyun-4) is China's new generation of geostationary meteorological satellite, adopting a three-axis stabilized earth observation platform, which greatly improves the earth observation accuracy, observation frequency and flexibility of the observation area, and realizes a major leap in technology.

[0003] Fengyun-4 meteorological satellite adopts an advanced three-axis stabilized attitude control method, which brings great challenges to the high-precision positioning of geostationary earth observation satellites. And the high-precision positioning of this earth observation satellite depends on the on-orbit star observation. Therefore, whether the remote sensing instrument can correctly capture the specified star and establish a steady-state observation condition as soon as possible after the satellite is launched into orbit or after maneuvering is the key factor restricting the high-precision positioning of remote sensing data of geostationary three-axis stabilized satellites as soon as possible. Compared with the star-sensitive period, the ability of the earth remote sensing instrument to capture stars is lower and the difficulty is greater, especially for narrow field-of-view remote sensing instruments.

[0004] In the Chinese invention patent with the patent number ZL 201810663085.X, a method for selecting stars for instrument pointing correction of a geostationary earth observation satellite is disclosed. In this method, the stars in the observable star catalog corresponding to the preset star selection time are sorted by magnitude; according to the preset star selection conditions, the optimal star to be observed is selected from the stars sorted by magnitude; if the number of the optimal stars to be observed reaches the preset value, the information of the optimal stars to be observed is output, otherwise, the optimal star to be observed is selected from the stars located at the east edge of the field of view, if the number of the optimal stars to be observed reaches the preset value, the information of the optimal stars to be observed is output, otherwise, the optimal star to be observed is selected from the stars located at the west edge outside the field of view, if the number of the optimal stars to be observed reaches the preset value, the information of the optimal stars to be observed is output. However, this method is only applicable to the star capture of remote sensing instruments after entering a stable state in orbit. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for a geostationary remote sensing instrument to quickly capture stars in orbit.

[0006] To achieve the above technical purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for a geostationary remote sensing instrument to quickly capture stars in orbit, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1: Design a star waiting observation experiment;

[0009] S2: Adjust the pointing situation in a timely manner according to the results of the star waiting observation test, the star confirmation observation test, or the conventional star observation test, and optimize the strategy and adjust the parameters of the pointing information of the remote sensing instrument;

[0010] S3: Confirm the pointing situation of the remote sensing instrument during on-orbit observation by designing various celestial body observation confirmation tests;

[0011] S4: Adjust the star observation strategy;

[0012] S5: Design a conventional star observation test according to the results of the star waiting observation test and the star confirmation observation test;

[0013] S6: Capture the star and determine whether the captured result conforms to the expected position of the star;

[0014] If it conforms to the expected position of the star, maintain the conventional observation; if it does not conform to the expected position of the star, adjust the pointing situation in a timely manner according to the results of the conventional star observation test, and repeat steps S5 - S6.

[0015] Preferably, the step S2 includes the following sub-steps:

[0016] S11: Select the target observation star and make a forecast for the target observation star;

[0017] S12: Design the observation task and generate the observation instruction file;

[0018] S13: Observe the target observation star and process the observed data;

[0019] S14: Analyze the pointing information of the remote sensing instrument.

[0020] Preferably, which test result of the star waiting observation test, the star confirmation observation test, and the conventional star observation test is specifically used in the step S2 depends on the foregoing test content.

[0021] Preferably, the step S2 includes the following sub-steps:

[0022] S21: According to the change in the centroid position of the observed target observation star in the north-south direction on the focal plane of the remote sensing instrument, judge whether the fluctuation range exceeds the instantaneous field of view size of the remote sensing instrument;

[0023] If the fluctuation range exceeds the instantaneous field of view, adjust the north-south pointing angle of the remote sensing instrument, and conduct multiple repeated observations on each target observation star so that the field of view area covered by the multiple repeated observations is not less than the fluctuation range to ensure the star capture success rate of the remote sensing instrument to the greatest extent; if the fluctuation range does not exceed the instantaneous field of view, maintain the current pointing state of the remote sensing instrument;

[0024] S22: Adjust the dwell time for star observation according to the change in the centroid position of the observed target star in the east-west direction on the focal plane of the remote sensing instrument, based on the fluctuation range.

[0025] If the systematic pointing deviation is too large, adjust the east-west pointing angle of the remote sensing instrument so that the sum of the initial east-west pointing deviation of the remote sensing instrument and the pointing angle range covered by the total time of a single observation can cover the systematic pointing deviation; if the systematic pointing deviation is normal, maintain the current pointing state of the remote sensing instrument.

[0026] Preferably, the multiple celestial body observation confirmation tests include: planet observation test, star map stitching test, constellation observation test, and multi-instrument simultaneous star observation test.

[0027] Preferably, the specific steps of the planet observation test include:

[0028] S311: Select a planet suitable for observation.

[0029] S312: Design an observation task and generate an observation instruction file.

[0030] S313: Observe the planet and process the observation data.

[0031] Upload the satellite with the observation instruction file to guide the remote sensing instrument to automatically perform on-orbit star observation.

[0032] Analyze the planet observation data transmitted by the satellite, obtain the planet observation image, perform planet centroid extraction, and confirm whether the observed planet is the designated planet.

[0033] If so, save the observation data; if not, adjust the planet observation strategy and repeat steps S312 - S313.

[0034] Preferably, the specific steps of the star map stitching test include:

[0035] S321: Select a star suitable for observation.

[0036] S322: Set the star map scanning range according to the star selected in step S321.

[0037] According to the star selected in step S321, based on the geometric characteristics between stars, confirm the star map that meets the magnitude constraint and has obvious geometric characteristics in the search field of view. Take the outermost closed rectangle as the tentative area range, and add a certain width of scanning margin around the tentative area range to obtain a new rectangle as the final area.

[0038] S323: Design an observation task and generate an observation instruction file.

[0039] S324: Observe stars and process the observation data;

[0040] Upload the observation instruction file to the satellite to guide the remote sensing instrument to automatically perform on-orbit star observations;

[0041] Analyze the regional observation data downloaded by the satellite, process to obtain the star map mosaic observation image, carry out star centroid extraction, and determine whether the observed stars meet the preset stellar geometric structure;

[0042] If the observed stars meet the preset stellar geometric structure, confirm whether the observation area is the designated observation area; if the observed stars do not meet the preset stellar geometric structure, confirm that the observation area is not the designated target area, adjust the star observation strategy, and repeat steps S323 - S324;

[0043] If it is the designated observation area, save the observation data; if it is not the designated observation area, adjust the star observation strategy, and repeat steps S323 - S324.

[0044] Preferably, the specific steps of the constellation observation experiment include:

[0045] S331: Select a constellation suitable for observation;

[0046] S332: Design an observation task and generate an observation instruction file;

[0047] S333: Observe the constellation and process the observation data;

[0048] Upload the observation instruction file to the satellite to guide the remote sensing instrument to automatically perform constellation observations;

[0049] Analyze the constellation observation data downloaded by the satellite, obtain the observation images of each star in the constellation, carry out star centroid extraction, and based on the geometric positions of each analyzed star and combined with the theoretical information of each star in the constellation, confirm whether the observed constellation is the designated constellation;

[0050] If so, save the observation data; if not, adjust the constellation observation strategy, and repeat steps S332 - S333.

[0051] Preferably, the specific steps of the multi-instrument simultaneous star observation experiment include:

[0052] S341: Select a star suitable for observation;

[0053] S342: Design an observation task and generate an observation instruction file;

[0054] S343: Observe the constellation and process the observation data;

[0055] Upload the observation instruction file to the satellite and guide each remote sensing instrument to automatically perform on-orbit stellar observations;

[0056] Analyze the stellar observation data downloaded by the satellite, obtain the stellar observation images of each instrument, carry out the extraction of the stellar centroid, and confirm whether the observed star is the designated star through the results of the extraction of the stellar centroid of each instrument;

[0057] If so, save the observation data; if not, adjust the stellar observation strategy and repeat steps S342 - S343.

[0058] Preferably, step S5 includes the following sub-steps:

[0059] S51: Select suitable stars for observation;

[0060] According to precise coordinate system conversion and time conversion, predict the positions and observable times of each star within a certain period of time in the future by the remote sensing instrument, and select suitable stars for observation based on the results of the star waiting test and the star confirmation test;

[0061] S52: Design the observation task and generate the observation instruction file;

[0062] According to the results of the star waiting test, the star confirmation test and the selected stars, input the single-star situation into the task in the form of a task schedule and conduct observations on multiple stars separately;

[0063] S53: Conduct regular observations on the stars.

[0064] Compared with the prior art, the present invention realizes the correct capture of the designated star as soon as possible and the establishment of steady-state observation conditions through the star waiting test and the star confirmation test, breaking through the restrictive factors for achieving high-precision positioning as early as possible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the method for a geostationary orbit remote sensing instrument to quickly capture stars on orbit provided by the present invention;

[0066] Figure 2 It is a design schematic diagram of the star map splicing test in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the star map scanning range in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of constellation selection in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of multiple instruments observing stars simultaneously in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 6 In the embodiments of the present invention, it is a schematic diagram of the stellar observation strategy. Specific embodiments

[0071] The technical content of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0072] As Figure 1 shown, a method for a geostationary orbit remote sensing instrument to quickly capture a star in orbit in the embodiments of the present invention includes at least the following steps:

[0073] S1: Design a star waiting observation experiment.

[0074] The star waiting observation experiment is an observation experiment when the satellite first enters the orbit, just after the remote sensing instrument is powered on or maneuvered, and before the steady-state observation is established. Its purpose is to confirm that the remote sensing instrument can observe stars and to confirm the difference between the predicted star position and the actually observed star position.

[0075] Through prediction, the star waiting observation experiment can observe the position of the star within the earth observation field of view of the remote sensing instrument, point to the expected observation position in advance, and perform a long-term stay, waiting for the target star to cross the image plane of the remote sensing instrument to confirm whether the star appears near the expected observation position.

[0076] In the star waiting observation experiment, to improve the success rate of star centroid extraction, preferably brighter stars, that is, stars with lower magnitudes, are selected to search for the expected observed star by observing the expected appearance range of stars with lower magnitudes through long-term stay.

[0077] In an embodiment of the present invention, the specific steps of the star waiting observation experiment include:

[0078] S11: Select the target observed star and predict the target observed star.

[0079] In the observable field of view of the remote sensing instrument, preferably predict the star with a more suitable position in the field of view as the target observed star.

[0080] Wherein, the suitability means that the period when the star runs through the observable field of view is within the working period of the remote sensing instrument, and its magnitude is lower (the star is brighter) and it is not within the range affected by the sun.

[0081] For easy identification and confirmation, the target observed star should satisfy that there are no other observable stars in the instantaneous field of view of the remote sensing instrument at the predicted position.

[0082] S12: Design an observation task and generate an observation instruction file.

[0083] Considering the influence of the thermal deformation of the remote sensing instrument, the satellite orbit and the attitude accuracy in the east-west direction, it is necessary to set the advance pointing time and the dwell observation time.

[0084] Among them, the sum of the advance pointing time and the dwell time of each satellite, that is, the total time of a single observation, needs to meet the time requirements for observing the stars in a single mission;

[0085] Considering the influence of the thermal deformation of the remote sensing instrument, the satellite orbit and the attitude accuracy in the north-south direction, it is necessary to repeat the observation of the adjacent areas in the north-south direction of the target star according to the single observation range of the remote sensing instrument, so as to facilitate the initial capture of the star.

[0086] According to the results of the star forecast, input the task in the form of a mission schedule, calculate the star observation time and the accurate pointing angle, and generate an observation instruction file.

[0087] S13: Observe the target star and process the observed data.

[0088] Upload the observation instruction file to the satellite to guide the remote sensing instrument to automatically perform on-orbit star observation.

[0089] Analyze the star observation data downloaded by the satellite, obtain the star observation image, and carry out star centroid extraction.

[0090] S14: Analyze the pointing information of the remote sensing instrument.

[0091] According to the time and pointing angle parameters corresponding to the successfully captured star, combined with the theoretical pointing angle of the remote sensing instrument, analyze the star observation parameters, and confirm the difference between the predicted pointing and the actual observed pointing.

[0092] S2: Appropriately adjust the pointing situation according to the results of the star waiting test or the star confirmation test or the conventional star observation test, and optimize the strategy and adjust the parameters of the pointing information of the remote sensing instrument.

[0093] Due to the obvious deformation of the geostationary orbit satellite of the three-axis stabilization type when heated on orbit, there are often large deviations in the pointing of the remote sensing instrument on the satellite. Therefore, it is necessary to appropriately adjust the pointing situation according to the results of the star waiting test or the star confirmation test or the conventional star observation test, and optimize the strategy and adjust the parameters of the pointing information of the remote sensing instrument. Its role is to enable the remote sensing instrument, especially the narrow field of view remote sensing instrument, to quickly and stably capture stars on orbit and improve the success rate of star capture.

[0094] Among them, which one of the star waiting observation test, star confirmation observation test, and conventional star observation test is specifically used depends on the foregoing test content of the current step. For example, if the foregoing test of the current step is the star waiting observation test, the pointing situation is adjusted in a timely manner according to the result of the star waiting observation test.

[0095] By statistically analyzing the centroid positions of the target observation stars observed by the remote sensing instrument in the north-south and east-west directions, the systematic pointing deviation of the remote sensing instrument is determined, and then the pointing of the remote sensing instrument is adjusted. The specific adjustment method is as follows:

[0096] S21: According to the change in the centroid position of the target observation star in the north-south direction on the focal plane of the remote sensing instrument, it is judged whether the fluctuation range exceeds the instantaneous field of view size of the remote sensing instrument.

[0097] If the fluctuation range exceeds the instantaneous field of view, the north-south pointing angle of the remote sensing instrument is adjusted, and multiple repeated observations are performed on each target observation star, so that the field of view area covered by the multiple repeated observations is not less than the fluctuation range, to ensure the star capture success rate of the remote sensing instrument to the greatest extent; if the fluctuation range does not exceed the instantaneous field of view, the current pointing state of the remote sensing instrument is maintained.

[0098] S22: According to the change in the centroid position of the target observation star in the east-west direction on the focal plane of the remote sensing instrument, the dwell time of star observation is adjusted according to the fluctuation range to improve the star capture success rate.

[0099] If the systematic pointing deviation is too large, the east-west pointing angle of the remote sensing instrument is adjusted so that the sum of the initial east-west pointing deviation of the remote sensing instrument and the pointing angle range covered by the total time of a single observation (that is, the sum of the advance pointing and dwell observation time of each star) can cover the systematic pointing deviation; if the systematic pointing deviation is normal, the current pointing state of the remote sensing instrument is maintained.

[0100] S3: By designing a variety of celestial body observation confirmation tests, the confirmation of the on-orbit observation pointing situation of the remote sensing instrument is realized.

[0101] When it is determined that the remote sensing instrument can observe stars, since there are other stars near most of the target observation stars, it is necessary to further confirm that the observed star is the target observation star, that is, to confirm the correctness of the instrument pointing.

[0102] The variety of celestial body observation confirmation tests include: planet observation test, star map stitching test, constellation observation test, multi-instrument simultaneous star observation test.

[0103] It should be noted that one or more of the above four tests can be used for the celestial body observation confirmation test, and the specific setting depends on the actual application scenario, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0104] In an embodiment of the present invention, the planetary observation experiment is an experiment that utilizes the particularity of the planets in the solar system to design a remote sensing instrument to achieve planetary observation.

[0105] Based on the planetary prediction results within the observable field of view of the remote sensing instrument, considering the instrument's detection performance and the apparent velocity of planetary motion, calculate a reasonable regional observation range and mission time, guide the instrument to conduct on-orbit planetary observation experiments, and confirm that the observed planet is the predicted planet.

[0106] The specific steps of the planetary observation experiment include:

[0107] S311: Select a planet suitable for observation.

[0108] According to accurate coordinate transformation and time transformation, predict the position of each planet that can be observed by the remote sensing instrument in the future for a period of time, the time when it enters the observable field of view of the remote sensing instrument, and the time when it leaves the observable field of view of the remote sensing instrument. And based on the observable period of the predicted single planet and the detection performance of the remote sensing instrument, select the planets suitable for observation within the observable period of the remote sensing instrument.

[0109] S312: Design an observation mission and generate an observation instruction file.

[0110] According to the predicted observable period of the planet and the selected planet to be observed, input the situation of a single planet into the mission in the form of a mission schedule, and conduct observations on multiple planets separately.

[0111] Calculate the accurate pointing angle of the planet that meets the mission observation time through the time in the mission schedule, and optimize and adjust the pointing angle according to the results of S14 to generate an observation instruction file.

[0112] S313: Observe the planet and process the observation data.

[0113] Upload the satellite with the observation instruction file to guide the remote sensing instrument to automatically conduct on-orbit star observations.

[0114] Analyze the planetary observation data transmitted by the satellite, obtain the planetary observation image, conduct planetary centroid extraction, and confirm whether the observed planet is the designated planet.

[0115] If so, save the observation data; if not, adjust the planetary observation strategy and repeat steps S312 - S313.

[0116] Among them, the method of adjusting the planetary observation strategy is the same as that in step S2, and the present invention will not elaborate here.

[0117] In an embodiment of the present invention, the star map stitching experiment is an experiment designed to solve the problem that it is difficult to achieve star identification because the instantaneous observation field of view of the remote sensing instrument is small and usually only a single star can be observed at a time.

[0118] By observing the field of view area with multiple stars through multiple observations, stitching the star maps obtained in the area to achieve a large field of view, and further based on the relative position relationship between the stars in the star map, confirming that the observed stars are the predicted stars, and then confirming the accuracy of the instrument pointing.

[0119] As Figure 2 shown, the black outer frame is the observable field of view range, and the black circle is the Earth area. To ensure the quality of star observation, the area within a certain range from the edge of the field of view (black dashed frame) is used as the optional star area, and the scanning mirror moves within this area as shown in the example.

[0120] Figure 2 The yellow dots in Figure 2 represent stars. For a group of stars Z1 with obvious geometric relationships, an observation range Q1 is designed to cover Z1 for observation; as Figure 2 shown by QN, according to the same method, multiple groups of stars with obvious geometric relationships are selected in this area and corresponding observation ranges are designed respectively.

[0121] The specific steps of the star map stitching experiment include:

[0122] S321: Select stars suitable for observation.

[0123] According to accurate coordinate transformation and time transformation, predict the position of each star that can be observed by the remote sensing instrument in the future for a period of time, the time to enter the observable field of view of the remote sensing instrument, the time to leave the observable field of view of the remote sensing instrument, and the corresponding star position, and select the stars suitable for observation during the observable period of the remote sensing instrument according to the detection performance of the remote sensing instrument.

[0124] S322: Set the star map scanning range according to the stars selected in step S321.

[0125] As Figure 3 shown, according to the stars selected in step S321, based on the geometric characteristics between the stars, confirm the star map Zk that meets the magnitude constraint and has obvious geometric characteristics in the search field of view, use the outermost closed rectangle as the tentative area range Lk, and add a certain width of scanning margin d around the tentative area range to obtain a new rectangle as the final area Qk, where k = n.

[0126] S323: Design the observation task and generate the observation instruction file.

[0127] According to the theoretical position of the star map selected in step S322 and the results of step S14, optimize the star map observation pointing angle, design the regional observation task of the remote sensing instrument, input the task in the form of a task schedule, observe the star map area, calculate the star map scanning observation time and the accurate pointing angle, and generate the observation instruction file.

[0128] S324: Observe stars and process the observed data.

[0129] Upload the observation instruction file to the satellite and guide the remote sensing instrument to automatically perform on-orbit star observations.

[0130] Analyze the regional observation data downloaded by the satellite, process it to obtain a stitched observation image of the star chart, perform star centroid extraction, and determine whether the observed stars meet the preset stellar geometric structure.

[0131] If the observed stars meet the preset stellar geometric structure, confirm whether the observation area is the designated observation area; if the observed stars do not meet the preset stellar geometric structure, confirm that the observation area is not the designated target area, further adjust the star observation strategy, and repeat steps S323 - S324.

[0132] If it is the designated observation area, save the observation data; if it is not the designated observation area, adjust the star observation strategy and repeat steps S323 - S324.

[0133] Among them, the method of adjusting the star observation strategy is the same as that in step S2, and the present invention will not elaborate here.

[0134] In an embodiment of the present invention, the constellation observation experiment is based on the geometric structure of the observed constellation, confirms that the observed stars are predicted stars, and further confirms the correctness of the instrument pointing.

[0135] The constellation observation experiment is based on the star prediction results within the observable field of view of the remote sensing instrument, calculates the observable constellations with obvious geometric structures that meet the instrument observation requirements, calculates the reasonable observation range and mission time, guides the instrument to conduct constellation observation experiments on orbit, and confirms that the observed constellation is the predicted constellation.

[0136] The specific steps of the constellation observation experiment include:

[0137] S331: Select a constellation suitable for observation.

[0138] According to accurate coordinate system conversion and time conversion,

[0139] Predict the positions and observable times of each star in each constellation within a certain period of time in the future for the remote sensing instrument, and select the constellation information suitable for observation according to the predicted observable period of the constellation and the constellation characteristics.

[0140] Such as Figure 4As shown, within the field of view, the field of view is divided into 4 regions. In order to maximize the confirmation of the accuracy of the instrument pointing, at least one group of star constellations is selected as the optional constellations in each field of view as much as possible. Considering that the star observation results are greatly affected by the sun, the constellations within the range of the sun's influence are not used as optional constellations.

[0141] To more conveniently confirm the constellation information, constellations with relatively low magnitudes (brighter stars) or magnitudes that meet the requirements of the observable magnitude range of the telemetry instrument are preferentially selected, and it is necessary to ensure that there are no other observable stars within the instantaneous field of view of the telemetry instrument at the constellation position.

[0142] S332: Design the observation task and generate the observation instruction file.

[0143] According to the forecast results, input the constellation observation tasks in the form of a task schedule, observe each star in each group of constellations in the forecast respectively, calculate the constellation observation time and the accurate pointing angle, optimize and adjust the pointing angle according to the results of S14, and generate the observation instruction file.

[0144] S333: Observe the constellation and process the observation data.

[0145] Upload the observation instruction file to the satellite and guide the remote sensing instrument to automatically implement the constellation observation.

[0146] Analyze the constellation observation data downloaded by the satellite, obtain the observation images of each star in the constellation, carry out the extraction of the star centroid, and confirm whether the observed constellation is the specified constellation according to the geometric positions of the analyzed stars and the theoretical information of each star in the constellation.

[0147] If so, save the observation data; if not, adjust the constellation observation strategy and repeat steps S332 - S333.

[0148] Among them, the method of adjusting the constellation observation strategy is the same as that in step S2, and the present invention will not elaborate here.

[0149] In an embodiment of the present invention, the multi - instrument simultaneous star - observing experiment enables multiple remote sensing instruments on the satellite to observe the same star simultaneously by designing a special star - observing strategy, which can more accurately confirm that the stars observed by each instrument are the forecast stars.

[0150] As Figure 5 shown, in the figure, taking three remote sensing instruments (imager, detector, fast imager) with different observation fields of view on China's Fengyun - 4B satellite as an example, the design realizes the simultaneous observation of the same star by the three instruments at the same moment.

[0151] The multi-instrument simultaneous star observation experiment designs a star observation experiment based on the detection performance of multiple remote sensing instruments on the satellite. Based on the star prediction results in the intersection of the observable fields of view of multiple remote sensing instruments, considering the instrument detection performance and the star movement speed, calculate a reasonable regional observation range and mission time, guide the multi-instruments to carry out simultaneous star observation experiments respectively, and confirm that the observed stars are the predicted stars.

[0152] The specific steps of the multi-instrument simultaneous star observation experiment include:

[0153] S341: Select stars suitable for observation.

[0154] According to the precise coordinate system conversion and time conversion, predict the position of each star observable by the remote sensing instrument in the future period of time, the time when it enters the observable field of view of the remote sensing instrument, and the time when it leaves the observable field of view of the remote sensing instrument. According to the performance characteristics of each remote sensing instrument, preferably select stars with lower magnitudes (brighter stars) that meet the requirements or all meet the requirements of the observable magnitude range of each telemetry instrument, and there are no other observable stars in the instantaneous field of view of the remote sensing instrument at the star position.

[0155] S342: Design an observation mission and generate an observation instruction file.

[0156] According to the predicted results, input the mission in the form of a mission schedule, observe the stars that can meet the detection requirements of multiple remote sensing instruments, calculate the star observation time and the precise pointing angle, and optimize and adjust the pointing angle according to the results of S14, and generate an observation instruction file.

[0157] S343: Observe the constellation and process the observation data.

[0158] Upload the observation instruction file to the satellite, and guide each remote sensing instrument to automatically perform on-orbit star observations.

[0159] Analyze the star observation data downloaded by the satellite, obtain the star observation images of each instrument, carry out star centroid extraction, and confirm whether the observed stars are the designated stars through the star centroid extraction results of each instrument.

[0160] If so, save the observation data; if not, adjust the star observation strategy, and repeat steps S342 - S343.

[0161] Among them, the method of adjusting the star observation strategy is the same as that in step S2, and the present invention will not elaborate here.

[0162] S4: Adjust the star observation strategy.

[0163] S5: Design a conventional star observation experiment according to the star waiting observation experiment results and the star confirmation observation experiment results.

[0164] After steps S1 to S4, it is already possible to confirm that the remote sensing instrument can correctly capture stars. Therefore, a conventional star observation experiment is designed based on the aforementioned data results, and its function is to accurately confirm the actual star observation situation of the remote sensing instrument.

[0165] The conventional star observation experiment adjusts the pointing situation of the remote sensing instrument according to the result of the star observation strategy adjustment, so that the remote sensing instrument repeatedly stays and observes at the expected observation position, and further adjusts the star observation strategy according to the observation result, so that the remote sensing instrument can stably capture stars.

[0166] In an embodiment of the present invention, step S5 further includes:

[0167] S51: Select stars suitable for observation.

[0168] According to accurate coordinate transformation and time transformation, predict the position and observable time of each star by the remote sensing instrument in the next period of time, and select stars suitable for observation according to the results of the star waiting observation experiment and the star confirmation observation experiment.

[0169] S52: Design an observation task and generate an observation instruction file.

[0170] According to the results of the star waiting observation experiment, the star confirmation observation experiment and the selected stars, input the situation of a single star into the task in the form of a task schedule, and observe multiple stars separately.

[0171] As Figure 6 shown, calculate the accurate pointing angle of the star that meets the task observation time through the time of the task schedule, confirm the star position fluctuation range according to the results of step S4, and design a star observation strategy to ensure that the instrument can observe the star and generate an observation instruction file.

[0172] S53: Conduct conventional observation on the star.

[0173] Upload the observation instruction file to the satellite, and guide the remote sensing instrument to automatically implement on-orbit star observation.

[0174] S6: Capture the star and determine whether the captured result meets the expected position of the star.

[0175] Analyze the star observation data downloaded by the satellite, obtain the star observation image, carry out star centroid extraction, and confirm the star capture situation.

[0176] If it meets the expected position of the star, maintain the conventional observation; if it does not meet the expected position of the star, adjust the pointing situation in a timely manner according to the results of the conventional star observation experiment, and repeat steps S5 to S6.

[0177] It should be noted that the above-mentioned multiple embodiments are only examples, and the technical solutions of each embodiment can be combined, all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0178] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0179] The method for a geostationary orbit remote sensing instrument to quickly capture a star on orbit provided by the present invention has been described in detail above. For those of ordinary skill in the art, any obvious changes made to it without departing from the essence of the present invention will constitute an infringement of the patent right of the present invention and will bear corresponding legal responsibilities.

Claims

1. A method for a geostationary orbit remote sensing instrument to quickly capture a star in orbit, characterized in that Including: S1: Design a star waiting observation experiment; S2: Appropriately adjust the pointing situation according to the results of the star waiting observation experiment, and optimize the strategy and adjust the parameters of the pointing information of the remote sensing instrument; S3: Through designing a variety of celestial body observation confirmation experiments, confirm the on-orbit observation pointing situation of the remote sensing instrument; S4: Adjust the star observation strategy; S5: According to the results of the star waiting observation experiment and the results of the star confirmation observation experiment, design a conventional star observation experiment; S6: Capture the star and determine whether the captured result conforms to the expected position of the star; If it conforms to the expected position of the star, maintain the conventional observation; if it does not conform to the expected position of the star, appropriately adjust the pointing situation according to the results of the conventional star observation experiment, and repeat steps S5 - S6; The various celestial body observation confirmation experiments include: planet observation experiment, star map splicing experiment, constellation observation experiment, multi-instrument simultaneous star observation experiment.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The step S1 includes the following sub-steps: S11: Select the target observation star and make a prediction for the target observation star; S12: Design the observation task and generate an observation instruction file; S13: Observe the target observation star and process the observed data; S14: Analyze the pointing information of the remote sensing instrument.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step S2 includes the following sub-steps: S21: According to the change of the centroid position of the observed target observation star in the north-south direction on the focal plane of the remote sensing instrument, judge whether the fluctuation range exceeds the instantaneous field of view size of the remote sensing instrument; If the fluctuation range exceeds the instantaneous field of view, adjust the north-south pointing angle of the remote sensing instrument, and conduct multiple repeated observations on each target observation star so that the field of view area covered by the multiple repeated observations is not less than the fluctuation range to ensure the star capture success rate of the remote sensing instrument to the greatest extent; if the fluctuation range does not exceed the instantaneous field of view, maintain the current pointing state of the remote sensing instrument; S22: According to the change of the centroid position of the observed target observation star in the east-west direction on the focal plane of the remote sensing instrument, adjust the dwell time of star observation according to the fluctuation range; If the systematic pointing deviation is too large, adjust the east-west pointing angle of the remote sensing instrument so that the sum of the initial east-west pointing deviation of the remote sensing instrument and the pointing angle range covered by the total time of a single observation can cover the systematic pointing deviation; if the systematic pointing deviation is normal, maintain the current pointing state of the remote sensing instrument.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The planet observation experiment includes the following sub-steps: S311: Select a suitable planet for observation; S312: Design the observation task and generate an observation instruction file; S313: Observe the planet and process the observation data; Upload the satellite on the observation instruction file to guide the remote sensing instrument to automatically conduct on-orbit star observation; Analyze the planet observation data transmitted by the satellite, obtain the planet observation image, carry out planet centroid extraction, and confirm whether the observed planet is the designated planet; If so, save the observation data; if not, adjust the planet observation strategy and repeat steps S312 - S313.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The star map splicing experiment includes the following sub-steps: S321: Select suitable stars for observation; S322: Set the star map scanning range according to the stars selected in step S321; Based on the stars selected in step S321, confirm the star chart within the search field of view that meets the magnitude constraint and has obvious geometric features according to the interstellar geometric characteristics. Use the outermost closed rectangle as the tentative area range, and add a certain width of scanning margin around the tentative area range to obtain a new rectangle as the final area; S323: Design an observation task and generate an observation instruction file; S324: Observe the stars and process the observation data; Upload the observation instruction file to the satellite to guide the remote sensing instrument to automatically perform on-orbit star observations; Analyze the regional observation data downloaded by the satellite, process to obtain the star chart mosaic observation image, carry out star centroid extraction, and determine whether the observed stars meet the preset stellar geometric structure; If the observed stars meet the preset stellar geometric structure, confirm whether the observation area is the designated observation area; If the observed stars do not meet the preset stellar geometric structure, confirm that the observation area is not the designated target area, adjust the star observation strategy, and repeat steps S323 - S324; If it is the designated observation area, save the observation data; if it is not the designated observation area, adjust the star observation strategy, and repeat steps S323 - S324.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The constellation observation experiment includes the following sub-steps: S331: Select a constellation suitable for observation; S332: Design an observation task and generate an observation instruction file; S333: Observe the constellation and process the observation data; Upload the observation instruction file to the satellite to guide the remote sensing instrument to automatically perform constellation observations; Analyze the constellation observation data downloaded by the satellite, obtain the observation images of each star in the constellation, carry out star centroid extraction, and based on the geometric positions of each analyzed star and combined with the theoretical information of each star in the constellation, confirm whether the observed constellation is the designated constellation; If so, save the observation data; if not, adjust the constellation observation strategy, and repeat steps S332 - S333.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein The multi-instrument simultaneous star observation experiment includes the following sub-steps: S341: Select a star suitable for observation; S342: Design an observation task and generate an observation instruction file; S343: Observe the constellation and process the observation data; Upload the observation instruction file to the satellite to guide each remote sensing instrument to automatically perform on-orbit star observations; Analyze the star observation data downloaded by the satellite, obtain the star observation images of each instrument, carry out star centroid extraction, and confirm whether the observed stars are the designated stars through the star centroid extraction results of each instrument; If so, save the observation data; if not, adjust the star observation strategy, and repeat steps S342 - S343.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein The step S5 includes the following sub-steps: S51: Select a star suitable for observation; According to the precise coordinate transformation and time transformation, predict the positions and observable times of each star by the remote sensing instrument in the next period of time, and select a star suitable for observation based on the star waiting test results and star confirmation test results; S52: Design an observation task and generate an observation instruction file; Based on the results of the star waiting observation test, the results of the star confirmation observation test, and the selected stars, input the single-star situation into the task in the form of a task schedule, and conduct observations on multiple stars separately; S53: Conduct routine observations on the stars.

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