A shield reinforcement construction device and method under water-rich silty sand geology

Abstract

This invention discloses a shield tunneling reinforcement construction device and method in water-rich silty sand geology, belonging to the field of construction equipment. Two docking shaft seats are fixedly installed at the top of the platform, and an extension guide rail is fixedly installed at the top of the expansion arm. An extension slider is slidably installed on the extension guide rail, and an arch bridge support is provided on the side wall of the extension slider. A hammering chamber is detachably installed on the side wall of the arch bridge support opposite to the extension slider. The arch bridge support is installed on a hammering power assembly, and the bottom end of the expansion arm is connected to a clamping power assembly. In use, each rotation of the cam actuates the drive rod once, causing the hammering chamber on the side wall of the arch bridge support to rise once. The outer wall of the hammering chamber compacts the loose, broken soil at the top of the tunnel. Hammering chambers of different diameters can be replaced according to the tunnel diameter. The expansion arm can perform compaction operations on large-diameter tunnels, and the device is relatively easy to adjust.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction technology, and in particular to a shield tunneling reinforcement construction device and construction method in water-rich fine sand geology. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of industrial technology, modern construction technology has become increasingly sophisticated. Geological exploration and building construction both require the excavation of underground tunnels. Underground tunneling requires the use of specialized excavators. The cross-section of the underground tunnel excavated by the construction excavator is circular. When the tunnel is first excavated, there is a lot of debris, soil, and loose soil on the tunnel sidewalls. If these debris, soil, and loose soil are not handled properly, it will cause trouble for subsequent construction. Therefore, it is necessary to compact the inner sidewalls of the tunnel to prevent debris from falling off.

[0003] As disclosed in Patent No. 202210172323.3, this device for reinforcing soil in tunnels under complex geological conditions includes two movable frames. A circular block is fixedly connected to one side of each of the two movable frames. A rotating rod is rotatably connected to the axis of each of the two circular blocks. A drive assembly is provided on one of the movable frames to drive the rotating rod. Four placement slots are provided on the opposite side of each of the two circular blocks. A circular rod is placed in all of the placement slots. A first ring is fixedly connected to the outer circle of the rotating rod. Four ejection blocks are fixedly connected to the outer circle of the first ring to push out the circular rod.

[0004] The device has the following drawbacks when in use: First, the device has a relatively complex mechanism, making it difficult to operate when docking with large-diameter tunnels. Furthermore, the reinforcement device lacks a portable adjustment mechanism, making maintenance quite labor-intensive. Second, the device cannot be freely pushed inside the tunnel; it can only be processed at one workstation, and the device needs to be moved back and forth when processing the next workstation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a shield tunneling reinforcement construction device and method for water-rich, fine sandy geology. When the device is in use, the entire assembly is placed on a track, and the power motor drives the platform and its top device to slide along the track. Once the platform reaches a designated position and stops, the docking shaft seat, through the docking gear, simultaneously drives two expansion arms to begin twisting. The twisting amplitude of the expansion arms is 60 degrees. Simultaneously, the compaction motor drives the cam to begin twisting. Each rotation of the cam triggers the drive rod once, causing the hammering chamber on the side wall of the arch support to rise once. The outer wall of the hammering chamber compacts the loose, broken soil at the top of the tunnel. Hammering chambers of different diameters can be replaced according to the tunnel diameter. The expansion arms can perform compaction operations on large-diameter tunnels, and the device is relatively easy to adjust.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides the following technical solution: a shield tunneling reinforcement construction device for water-rich silty sand geology, comprising wooden sleepers, rails, and a platform. The wooden sleepers are arranged in a linear, uniform array within the excavated tunnel and connected in series by the rails. A crossover wheel is provided at the bottom of the platform, spanning the rails. The crossover wheel is connected to the output end of a power motor, which is fixed to the bottom of the platform. Two docking shaft seats are fixedly installed at the top of the platform, and a top wall compaction assembly is provided on the side wall of each docking shaft seat. The component includes a locking bracket at the top of the platform, a position locking mechanism on the side wall of the locking bracket, an expansion arm at the bottom of the expansion arm and a docking shaft seat, an extension guide rail fixedly mounted at the top of the expansion arm, an extension slider slidably mounted on the extension guide rail, an arch bridge bracket on the side wall of the extension slider, a hammering bladder detachably mounted on the side wall of the arch bridge bracket facing away from the extension slider, the arch bridge bracket being mounted on the hammering power component, and the bottom of the expansion arm being connected to the clamping power component.

[0007] Furthermore, a sealed cover is provided at the port of the hammering bag. The hammering bag is a hollow shell with a thin wall of five millimeters. Several layers of rubber pads are attached to the inner wall of the hammering bag, and each rubber pad weighs five hundred grams.

[0008] Furthermore, the hammering power assembly includes a tamping motor, which is fixed to the side wall of the expansion arm. The side wall of the tamping motor abuts against the end of the extension guide rail. A cam is installed at the output end of the tamping motor. A drive rod is detachably installed on the inner side of the arch bridge bracket, and the cam abuts against the side wall of the drive rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the clamping power assembly includes two mating gears, which are connected to the bottom end of the expansion arm by a steel rod. The steel rod passes through the mating shaft seat, and the two mating gears mesh with each other. The mating gear at the left end is mounted on the output end of the stepper motor, and the stepper motor is fixed on the top surface of the platform.

[0010] Furthermore, the locking mechanism includes a hinge block, which is detachably mounted on the side wall of the locking force bracket. A pressure arm is rotatably provided on one side of the hinge block. A torsion bar is provided at one end of the pressure arm near the hinge block and inserted inside the hinge block. A fixing plate device is provided at the end of the pressure arm opposite to the hinge block. The pressure arm is connected to the expansion pressure mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, a reset torsion spring is provided between the torsion bar and the hinge block.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixed plate device includes a contact plate, a spherical shell is detachably installed on the side wall of the contact plate, and a hemispherical cavity is provided at the center of the contact plate. A steel ball is rotatably installed on the inner side of the spherical shell and the hemispherical cavity. The outer side of the steel ball is coated with organic oil. The steel ball and the pressure arm are integrally formed.

[0013] Furthermore, the expansion pressure mechanism includes a double-headed hydraulic press, with expansion rods provided at both output ends of the double-headed hydraulic press, and the expansion rods are attached to the side wall of the pressure arm.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer wall of the jumper wheel is wrapped with a layer of rubber, and several abutting particles are provided on the rubber. The four jumper wheels are divided into two groups, front and back. When the rail is in an inclined tunnel, the diameters of the jumper wheels at the front and back ends are different.

[0015] Furthermore, the following steps are included:

[0016] S1. When the device is placed on the track, the power motor drives the platform and the device on its top to slide along the track of the rail. When the platform stops at the designated position, the stepper motor drives the two expansion arms to start to rotate through the mating gear. The rotation range of the expansion arms is 60 degrees. At the same time, the tamping motor drives the cam to start to rotate. Every time the cam rotates, it will push the drive rod once, and then the hammering bag on the side wall of the arch bridge support will be pushed up once. The outer wall of the hammering bag can compact the loose soil at the top of the tunnel. The hammering bag with different diameter arc surface is replaced according to the diameter of the tunnel.

[0017] S2. After the platform moves to a fixed position and stops, the two expansion rods at the output end of the double-headed hydraulic press will simultaneously squeeze the pressure arm. When the pressure arm expands at the same time, the contact plate begins to contact the side wall of the tunnel. The ball joint between the steel ball and the contact plate allows the contact plate to fit tightly against the side wall of the tunnel. When the output end of the double-headed hydraulic press retracts, the pressure arm is wrapped together by the torsion spring.

[0018] S3. When encountering a tilted tunnel, replace the jumper with a jumper of different diameters. When the tilt angle of the tunnel is too large, replace the jumper to adjust the angle of the equipment. When the tilt angle of the tunnel is very small, wrap multiple layers of rubber on the outside of the jumper for micro-adjustment to save the time spent replacing the jumper.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] Firstly, when the device is in use, the entire device is placed on the track, and the power motor drives the platform and the device on top of it to slide along the track. When the platform stops at the designated position, the stepper motor drives the two expansion arms to start to rotate through the mating gears. The rotation range of the expansion arms is 60 degrees. At the same time, the compaction motor drives the cam to start to rotate. Every time the cam rotates, it will push the drive rod once, and then the hammering bag on the side wall of the arch bridge support will be pushed upward once. The outer wall of the hammering bag can compact the loose soil at the top of the tunnel. The hammering bag with different diameter arc surface can be replaced according to the diameter of the tunnel. The expansion arm can perform compaction operation on large-diameter tunnels, and it is relatively simple to adjust.

[0021] Secondly, after the platform moves to a fixed position and stops, the two expansion rods at the output end of the double-headed hydraulic press will simultaneously squeeze the pressure arm. When the pressure arm expands at the same time, the contact plate begins to abut against the side wall of the tunnel. The ball joint between the steel ball and the contact plate allows the contact plate to fit tightly against the side wall of the tunnel. When the output end of the double-headed hydraulic press retracts, the pressure arm is wrapped together by the torsion spring, which achieves the effect of stabilizing the device and prevents the device from shaking too much during construction.

[0022] Third, when encountering tunnel inclination, replace the crossover wheel with one of different diameters. When the inclination angle of the tunnel is too large, replace the crossover wheel to adjust the angle of the equipment. When the inclination angle of the tunnel is very small, wrap multiple layers of rubber on the outside of the crossover wheel for micro-adjustment. This saves the time spent replacing the crossover wheel and makes it easier to adapt to different working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a frontal view of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the invention from the side.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mating gear of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the contact plate of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure arm of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hammer-shaped bag of the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0030] 1. Wooden sleeper; 2. Rail; 3. Platform; 4. Crossover wheel; 5. Power motor; 6. Locking bracket; 601. Hinge block; 602. Double-headed hydraulic press; 7. Contact plate; 701. Spherical shell; 702. Steel ball; 703. Pressure arm; 8. Connecting shaft seat; 801. Connecting gear; 9. Expansion arm; 901. Extension guide rail; 902. Extension slider; 903. Arch bridge bracket; 904. Drive rod; 10. Hammering chamber; 11. Stepper motor; 12. Compactor motor; 12. Cam; 1201. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6, a shield tunneling reinforcement construction device for water-rich silty sand geology includes wooden sleepers 1, rails 2, and a platform 3. The wooden sleepers 1 are arranged in a linear uniform array within the excavated tunnel and are connected in series by the rails 2. A crossover wheel 4 is provided at the bottom of the platform 3, bridging the rails 2. The crossover wheel 4 is connected to the output end of a power motor 5, which is fixed to the bottom of the platform 3. Two docking shaft seats 8 are fixedly installed at the top of the platform 3, and a top wall compaction component is provided on the side wall of the docking shaft seats 8. A locking bracket 6 is also provided at the top of the platform 3, and a position locking mechanism is provided on the side wall of the locking bracket 6. The top wall compaction component includes an expansion arm 9. The bottom end of the expansion arm 9 is rotatably connected to the docking shaft seat 8. An extension guide rail 901 is fixedly installed at the top end of the expansion arm 9. An extension slider 902 is slidably installed on the extension guide rail 901. An arch bridge bracket 903 is provided on the side wall of the extension slider 902. A hammering bag 10 is detachably installed on the side wall of the arch bridge bracket 903 facing away from the extension slider 902. The arch bridge bracket 903 is installed on the hammering power assembly. The bottom end of the expansion arm 9 is connected to the clamping power assembly. The hammering bag 10 moves together with the extension slider 902 and slides back and forth along the extension guide rail 901. Each time the hammering bag 10 slides outward, it hammers the tunnel side wall once. Hammering bags 10 with different arc diameters are replaced according to the different tunnel diameters.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 The hammering bag 10 shown has a sealed cover at its port. The hammering bag 10 is a hollow shell with a thin wall of five millimeters. Several layers of rubber pads are attached to the inner wall of the hammering bag 10. Each rubber pad weighs five hundred grams. When the weight of the hammering bag 10 needs to be adjusted, the number of banana peel layers is added or reduced according to the construction situation. After the adjustment is completed, the sealed cover is plugged to prevent soil from entering the hammering bag 10 during construction, which changes the inertia of the hammering bag 10.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 , 2 The hammering power assembly shown in Figures 3, 5, and 6 includes a tamping motor 12, which is fixed to the side wall of the expansion arm 9. The side wall of the tamping motor 12 abuts against the end of the extension guide rail 901. A cam 1201 is installed at the output end of the tamping motor 12. A drive rod 904 is detachably installed on the inner side of the arch bridge support 903. The cam 1201 abuts against the side wall of the drive rod 904. At the same time, the tamping motor 12 drives the cam 1201 to start to rotate. Every time the cam 1201 rotates, it will push the drive rod 904 once, and then the hammering bladder 10 on the side wall of the arch bridge support 903 will be pushed upward once. In addition to cooperating with the cam 1201, the drive rod 904 can also strengthen the arch bridge support 903.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 , 3 The clamping power assembly shown in Figures 5 and 6 includes two mating gears 801. The mating gears 801 and the bottom ends of the expansion arms 9 are connected by a steel rod, which passes through the mating shaft seat 8. The two mating gears 801 mesh with each other. The mating gear 801 at the left end is mounted on the output end of the stepper motor 11. The stepper motor 11 is fixed on the top surface of the platform 3. The stepper motor 11 drives the two expansion arms 9 to start to rotate simultaneously through the mating gears 801. The hammer bladder 10 at the end of the expansion arm 9 can also move along an arc trajectory when compacting the soil, which allows for the construction of large-diameter tunnels.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 , 2 The locking mechanism shown in Figures 4 and 5 includes a hinge block 601, which is detachably mounted on the side wall of the locking bracket 6. A pressure arm 703 is rotatably provided on one side of the hinge block 601. A torsion bar is provided at one end of the pressure arm 703 near the hinge block 601 and inserted inside the hinge block 601. A fixing plate device is provided at the end of the pressure arm 703 opposite to the hinge block 601. The pressure arm 703 is connected to the expansion pressure mechanism. When the pressure arm 703 begins to twist and expand outward, the fixing plate device at the end of the pressure arm 703 will lock the inner side wall of the tunnel.

[0038] Reference Figure 4 , 5 A reset torsion spring is provided between the torsion bar and the hinge block 601 shown. The pressure arm 703 is reset by the torsion spring, so that the pressure arm 703 can be inside the device when not in use, which can reduce space.

[0039] Reference Figure 3 , 4 The fixed plate device shown includes a contact plate 7, a spherical shell 701 is detachably installed on the side wall of the contact plate 7, and a hemispherical cavity is provided at the center of the contact plate 7. A steel ball 702 is rotatably installed on the inner side of the spherical shell 701 and the hemispherical cavity. The outer side of the steel ball 702 is coated with organic oil. The steel ball 702 and the pressure arm 703 are integrally formed. The ball hinge between the steel ball 702 and the contact plate 7 allows the contact plate 7 to fit tightly against the tunnel side wall.

[0040] Reference Figure 4 , 5 The expansion pressure mechanism shown in Figure 6 includes a double-headed hydraulic press 602. Both output ends of the double-headed hydraulic press 602 are provided with expansion rods. The expansion rods are attached to the side wall of the pressure arm 703. The two expansion rods at the output ends of the double-headed hydraulic press 602 will simultaneously squeeze the pressure arm 703. When the pressure arm 703 expands simultaneously, the contact plate 7 begins to contact the side wall of the tunnel.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 , 2 The outer wall of the crossover wheel 4 shown is covered with a layer of rubber, and several abutting particles are provided on the rubber. The four crossover wheels 4 are divided into front and rear groups. When the rail 2 is in an inclined tunnel, the crossover wheels 4 at the front and rear ends have different diameters. When encountering an inclined tunnel, crossover wheels 4 of different diameters are replaced. When the inclination angle of the tunnel is too large, the crossover wheels 4 are replaced to adjust the angle of the equipment. When the inclination angle of the tunnel is very small, multiple layers of rubber are wrapped around the outside of the crossover wheel 4 for micro-adjustment, in order to save the time spent replacing the crossover wheels 4.

[0042] Includes the following steps:

[0043] S1. When the device is placed on the track, the power motor 5 drives the platform 3 and the device on its top to slide along the track of the rail 2. When the platform 3 stops at the designated position, the stepper motor 11 drives the two expansion arms 9 to start to rotate through the docking gear 801. The rotation range of the expansion arms 9 is 60 degrees. At the same time, the compaction motor 12 drives the cam 1201 to start to rotate. Every time the cam 1201 rotates, it will push the drive rod 904 once, and then the hammering bag 10 on the side wall of the arch bridge support 903 will be pushed up once. The outer wall of the hammering bag 10 can compact the loose soil at the top of the tunnel. The hammering bag 10 with different diameter arc surface is replaced according to the diameter of the tunnel.

[0044] S2. After the platform 3 stops at the fixed position, the two expansion rods at the output end of the double-headed hydraulic press 602 will simultaneously squeeze the pressure arm 703. When the pressure arm 703 expands at the same time, the contact plate 7 begins to contact the side wall of the tunnel. The ball joint between the steel ball 702 and the contact plate 7 allows the contact plate 7 to fit tightly against the side wall of the tunnel. When the output end of the double-headed hydraulic press 602 retracts, the pressure arm 703 is wrapped together by the torsion spring.

[0045] S3. When encountering a tilted tunnel, replace the jumper wheel 4 with one of different diameters. When the tilt angle of the tunnel is too large, replace the jumper wheel 4 to adjust the angle of the equipment. When the tilt angle of the tunnel is very small, wrap multiple layers of rubber on the outside of the jumper wheel 4 for micro-adjustment to save the time spent replacing the jumper wheel 4.

[0046] Finally, the hammering bag 10 moves together with the extension slider 902 and slides back and forth along the extension guide rail 901. Each time the hammering bag 10 slides outward, it hammers the tunnel sidewall once. Hammering bags 10 with different arc diameters are replaced according to the tunnel diameter. When the weight of the hammering bag 10 needs adjustment, the amount of banana peel layer is added or reduced according to the construction situation. After adjustment, the sealing cover is plugged to prevent soil from entering the hammering bag 10 during construction, which changes the inertia of the hammering bag 10. At the same time, the compaction motor 12 drives the cam 1201 to start rotating. Each rotation of the cam 1201 will push the drive rod 904 once, thus pushing the hammering bag 10 on the sidewall of the arch bridge support 903 upward once. In addition to cooperating with the cam 1201, the drive rod 904 can also strengthen the arch bridge support 903. The stepper motor 11 drives the two expansion arms 9 to start rotating simultaneously through the mating gear 801. The hammer bladder 10 can also move along an arc trajectory when compacting soil, which can be used for the construction of large-diameter tunnels. When the pressure arm 703 begins to twist and expand outward, the fixing plate device at the end of the pressure arm 703 will lock the inner sidewall of the tunnel. The pressure arm 703 will be reset by the torsion spring. Thus, when the pressure arm 703 is not in use, it can be placed inside the device, which can reduce space. The ball joint between the steel ball 702 and the contact plate 7 allows the contact plate 7 to fit tightly against the tunnel sidewall. The two expansion vertical rods at the output end of the double-headed hydraulic press 602 will simultaneously squeeze the pressure arm 703. When the pressure arm 703 expands at the same time, the contact plate 7 begins to abut against the sidewall of the tunnel. When encountering tunnel inclination, the crossover wheel 4 of different diameters can be replaced. When the inclination angle of the tunnel is too large, the crossover wheel 4 can be replaced to adjust the angle of the equipment. When the inclination angle of the tunnel is very small, multiple layers of rubber skin can be wrapped around the outside of the crossover wheel 4 for micro-adjustment to save the time spent replacing the crossover wheel 4.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shield reinforcement construction device under water-rich silty sand geology, characterized in that: The system includes wooden sleepers (1), rails (2), and a platform (3). The wooden sleepers (1) are arranged in a linear, uniform array within the excavated tunnel. The wooden sleepers (1) are connected in series by the rails (2). The bottom of the platform (3) is equipped with a crossover wheel (4), which crosses over the rails (2). The crossover wheel (4) is connected to the output end of a power motor (5). The power motor (5) is fixed to the bottom of the platform (3). Two docking shaft seats (8) are fixedly installed at the top of the platform (3), and a top wall compaction component is provided on the side wall of the docking shaft seats (8). A locking bracket (6) is also provided at the top of the platform (3). A position locking mechanism is provided on the side wall of the frame (6). The top wall compaction component includes an expansion arm (9). The bottom end of the expansion arm (9) is rotatably connected to the docking shaft seat (8). An extension guide rail (901) is fixedly installed on the top end of the expansion arm (9). An extension slider (902) is slidably installed on the extension guide rail (901). An arch bridge bracket (903) is provided on the side wall of the extension slider (902). A hammering bag (10) is detachably installed on the side wall of the arch bridge bracket (903) facing away from the extension slider (902). The arch bridge bracket (903) is installed on the hammering power component. The bottom end of the expansion arm (9) is connected to the clamping power component.

2. The water-rich fine sand geological shield reinforcement construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hammering bag (10) is provided with a sealed cover plate at the port. The hammering bag (10) is a hollow shell with a thin wall of five millimeters. Several layers of rubber pads are attached to the inner wall of the hammering bag (10), and each rubber pad weighs five hundred grams.

3. The water-rich fine sand geological shield reinforcement construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hammering power assembly includes a tamping motor (12), which is fixed on the side wall of the expansion arm (9). The side wall of the tamping motor (12) abuts against the end of the extension guide rail (901). A cam (1201) is installed at the output end of the tamping motor (12). A drive rod (904) is detachably installed on the inner side of the arch bridge bracket (903). The cam (1201) abuts against the side wall of the drive rod (904).

4. The water-rich fine sand geological shield reinforcement construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping power assembly includes two mating gears (801). The mating gears (801) and the bottom end of the expansion arm (9) are connected by a steel rod. The steel rod passes through the mating shaft seat (8). The two mating gears (801) mesh with each other. The mating gear (801) at the left end is mounted on the output end of the stepper motor (11). The stepper motor (11) is fixed on the top surface of the platform (3).

5. The water-rich fine sand geological shield reinforcement construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism includes a hinge block (601), which is detachably mounted on the side wall of the locking bracket (6). A pressure arm (703) is rotatably provided on one side of the hinge block (601). A torsion bar is provided at one end of the pressure arm (703) near the hinge block (601) and inserted inside the hinge block (601). A fixing plate device is provided at the end of the pressure arm (703) opposite to the hinge block (601). The pressure arm (703) is connected to the expansion pressure mechanism.

6. The water-rich fine sand geological shield reinforcement construction device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A reset torsion spring is provided between the torsion bar and the hinge block (601).

7. The water-rich fine sand geological shield reinforcement construction device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixed plate device includes a contact plate (7), a spherical shell (701) is detachably installed on the side wall of the contact plate (7), and a hemispherical cavity is provided at the center of the contact plate (7). A steel ball (702) is rotatably installed on the inner side of the spherical shell (701) and the hemispherical cavity. The outer side of the steel ball (702) is coated with organic oil. The steel ball (702) and the pressure arm (703) are integrally formed.

8. The shield tunneling reinforcement construction device under water-rich fine sand geology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The expansion pressure mechanism includes a double-headed hydraulic press (602), and both output ends of the double-headed hydraulic press (602) are provided with expansion vertical rods, which are attached to the side wall of the pressure arm (703).

9. The water-rich fine sand geological shield reinforcement construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the crossover wheel (4) is covered with a layer of rubber skin, and several abutting particles are provided on the rubber skin. The four crossover wheels (4) are divided into front and rear groups. When the rail (2) is in the inclined tunnel, the crossover wheels (4) at the front and rear ends have different diameters.

10. The device and method according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein, Includes the following steps: S1. When the device is placed on the track, the power motor (5) drives the platform (3) and the device at its top to slide along the track (2). When the platform (3) stops at the designated position, the stepper motor (11) drives the two expansion arms (9) to start to rotate through the mating gear (801). The rotation amplitude of the expansion arm (9) is sixty degrees. At the same time, the tamping motor (12) drives the cam (1201) to start to rotate. The cam (1201) will push the driving rod (904) once every time it rotates. Then the hammering bag (10) on the side wall of the arch bridge support (903) will be pushed up once. The outer wall of the hammering bag (10) can tampe the loose soil at the top of the tunnel. The hammering bag (10) with different diameter arc surface is replaced according to the tunnel diameter. S2. After the platform (3) stops at a fixed position, the two expansion rods at the output end of the double-headed hydraulic press (602) will simultaneously squeeze the pressure arm (703). When the pressure arm (703) expands at the same time, the contact plate (7) begins to contact the side wall of the tunnel. The ball joint between the steel ball (702) and the contact plate (7) allows the contact plate (7) to fit tightly against the side wall of the tunnel. When the output end of the double-headed hydraulic press (602) contracts, the pressure arm (703) is wrapped together by the torsion spring. S3. When encountering a tunnel tilt, replace the crossover wheel (4) with a different diameter. When the tilt angle of the tunnel is too large, replace the crossover wheel (4) to adjust the angle of the equipment. When the tilt angle of the tunnel is very small, wrap multiple layers of rubber on the outside of the crossover wheel (4) for micro-adjustment to save the time spent replacing the crossover wheel (4).

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