Apparatus for downhole directed chemical reactions and downhole chemical reaction methods

Abstract

The application relates to a device for downhole directional chemical reaction and a downhole chemical reaction method, wherein the device for downhole directional chemical reaction comprises an outer pipe column and an inner pipe column arranged in the outer pipe column, and further comprises a synthetic gas reaction unit connected with the inner pipe column, the synthetic gas reaction unit is used for making the synthetic gas injected through the inner pipe column to generate an exothermic reaction in the synthetic gas reaction unit, so as to heat the steam between the outer pipe column and the inner pipe column by using the heat generated by the exothermic reaction, and the lower end of the synthetic gas reaction unit is connected with a first one-way conducting unit, and the conducting direction of the first one-way conducting unit is from top to bottom. The arrangement of the synthetic gas reaction unit can make the synthetic gas generate an exothermic reaction in the synthetic gas reaction unit, the heat generated by the exothermic reaction can heat the steam, the temperature of the steam can be improved, the effect of heating and viscosity reduction of heavy oil by the steam can be improved, and the mining efficiency of the heavy oil can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of heavy oil extraction technology, specifically relating to an apparatus and method for downhole directional chemical reaction. Background Technology

[0002] With the decreasing reserves and extraction rate of conventional oil resources, the development and utilization of extra-heavy crude oil resources have played an increasingly important role. However, due to the inherent characteristics of extra-heavy crude oil, its extraction and refining are far more difficult than those of conventional crude oil. Furthermore, extracted extra-heavy crude oil requires dilution with diluents or heating before it can be transported through pipelines. Moreover, upgrading heavy oil to meet environmental protection requirements requires more investment and more advanced technological support.

[0003] Currently, heavy oil extraction methods include open-pit mining, cold sand extraction, steam injection, and solvent injection. Different heavy oil extraction technologies have different advantages and disadvantages. Open-pit mining is limited to producing layers of 50-75m; cold sand extraction can only achieve a recovery rate of 5%-15%, and is not suitable for target reservoirs with high viscosity bitumen and strong edge and bottom water; steam huff and puff recovery can only achieve a recovery rate of 15%-25%; the implementation of steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD technology) requires a large amount of water resources and will cause a certain amount of CO2 emissions. Moreover, SAGD technology has low thermal efficiency and poor extraction effect in reservoirs with thin layers, poor physical properties, edge and bottom water, and interlayers; and the burning of oil layers is complex and difficult to control, so there are not many successful examples of oilfield trials.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a heavy oil extraction technology to overcome the shortcomings of existing heavy oil extraction methods, such as high energy consumption, high cost, and low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address all or part of the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide an apparatus and method for downhole directional chemical reaction. By setting up a syngas reaction unit, syngas can undergo an exothermic reaction within it. The heat generated by the exothermic reaction heats the steam, thereby increasing the steam temperature and improving the effect of heating and reducing the viscosity of heavy oil through steam. This, in turn, can improve the extraction efficiency of heavy oil and reduce extraction energy consumption.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for downhole directional chemical reaction is provided, comprising an outer tubing string and an inner tubing string disposed within the outer tubing string, and further comprising a syngas reaction unit connected to the inner tubing string, the syngas reaction unit being configured to cause an exothermic reaction within the syngas injected through the inner tubing string, thereby using the heat generated by the exothermic reaction to heat the vapor between the outer tubing string and the inner tubing string, the lower end of the syngas reaction unit being connected to a first unidirectional conduction unit, the conduction direction of the first unidirectional conduction unit being from top to bottom.

[0007] Furthermore, the syngas reaction unit is a syngas reactor, which includes a shell with an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is connected to the inner tube column, and the outlet is connected to the first unidirectional conduction unit. The shell is filled with a catalyst, and the inlet and outlet are connected.

[0008] Furthermore, there are n syngas reaction units, where n is a positive integer greater than 1. For any positive integer i less than n, the i-th syngas reaction unit is connected to the (i+1)-th syngas reaction unit below it, the 1-th syngas reaction unit is connected to the inner tube column, and the n-th syngas reaction unit is connected to the first unidirectional conduction unit.

[0009] Furthermore, n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3.

[0010] Furthermore, the first unidirectional flow unit is a flow valve, the inner tubing and the outer tubing are both airtight oil pipes, and the syngas reaction unit and the inner tubing, as well as the syngas reaction unit and the first unidirectional flow unit, are all sealed and fixedly connected.

[0011] Furthermore, a pressurization system is connected to the lower end of the first unidirectional conduction unit, which is used to pressurize the reaction products that have passed through the first unidirectional conduction unit.

[0012] Furthermore, the lower end of the booster system is connected to a second unidirectional conduction unit, the conduction direction of the second unidirectional conduction unit is from top to bottom; the second unidirectional conduction unit is a check valve.

[0013] Furthermore, a pressurization system is provided between the syngas reaction unit and the first unidirectional conduction unit, the pressurization system being used to pressurize the reaction products after the exothermic reaction.

[0014] Furthermore, a third unidirectional flow unit is provided between the pressurization system and the syngas reaction unit. The flow direction of the third unidirectional flow unit is from top to bottom, and the third unidirectional flow unit is a flow valve.

[0015] Furthermore, the pressurization system includes a housing, within which a turbine and a pressurizing wheel are disposed. The turbine and the pressurizing wheel are mounted on the same axle. A steam inlet and a steam outlet are disposed on the housing corresponding to the turbine. The turbine is driven to rotate by the steam between the inner tube column and the outer tube column. A reaction product inlet and a reaction product outlet are disposed on the housing corresponding to the pressurizing wheel. The rotation of the pressurizing wheel causes the reaction product to be drawn in through the reaction product inlet, and the drawn-in reaction product is pressurized and discharged through the reaction product outlet.

[0016] This invention also provides a downhole chemical reaction method, comprising,

[0017] Syngas is injected into the inner tubing of the apparatus for downhole chemical reaction so that the syngas undergoes an exothermic reaction in the syngas reaction unit. The apparatus for downhole directional chemical reaction is as described in any of the above. The syngas is a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and the volume ratio of carbon monoxide to hydrogen is (1:1)-(1:3).

[0018] Steam is injected into the annulus between the inner and outer tubing columns at a temperature of 230°C-280°C. This is to provide the necessary reaction temperature for the exothermic reaction, to allow the injected steam to absorb the heat generated by the exothermic reaction, and to allow the steam after absorbing heat to be injected into the target reservoir together with the reaction products from the syngas reaction.

[0019] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the device for downhole directional chemical reaction provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The synthesis gas reaction unit of this invention enables the synthesis gas to undergo an exothermic reaction within it. The heat generated by the exothermic reaction heats the steam, thereby increasing the steam temperature and improving the effect of heating and reducing the viscosity of heavy oil through steam, which in turn improves the extraction efficiency of heavy oil. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for downhole directed chemical reaction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of an apparatus for downhole directional chemical reaction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: Inner tube column 1, outer tube column 2, syngas reaction unit 3, first unidirectional conduction unit 4, pressurization system 5, second unidirectional conduction unit 6. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this invention, the following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, provides an apparatus and method for downhole directional chemical reaction according to this invention.

[0025] In existing technologies, the method of heating and reducing the viscosity of heavy oil by injecting hot steam has the following problems when extracting heavy oil: the temperature of the injected hot steam is significantly reduced when it reaches the reservoir after passing through a long pipeline. When the temperature of the hot steam is reduced, it cannot effectively heat and reduce the viscosity of the heavy oil, thus leading to low efficiency in heavy oil extraction.

[0026] The device for downhole directional chemical reaction in this embodiment is used to heat the hot steam in the annulus between the inner and outer tubing strings through the exothermic reaction of syngas, thereby increasing the temperature of the hot steam. The heat of the hot steam is used to provide the required reaction temperature for the syngas reaction, so that the steam reaching the reservoir is still high-temperature hot steam. The high-temperature hot steam is used to raise the temperature and reduce the viscosity of heavy oil, thereby improving the effect of raising the temperature and reducing the viscosity, and thus improving the efficiency of heavy oil extraction.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention illustrates an apparatus for downhole directional chemical reaction, comprising an outer tubing 2 and an inner tubing 1 placed within the outer tubing 2, and a syngas reaction unit 3 connected to the inner tubing 1. The syngas reaction unit 3 is used to cause an exothermic reaction of the syngas injected through the inner tubing 1 within it, thereby using the heat generated by the exothermic reaction to heat the steam between the outer tubing 2 and the inner tubing 1. The lower end of the syngas reaction unit 3 is connected to a first unidirectional flow unit 4, the flow direction of which is from top to bottom. In the apparatus for downhole directional chemical reaction, "directional" means that the chemical reaction of the syngas is an irreversible reaction, and also means that the products after the syngas reaction can only flow from top to bottom.

[0028] Specifically, the system includes an inner tubing string 1 and an outer tubing string 2, which can be arranged concentrically or eccentrically. Hot steam is injected through the annulus between the inner tubing string 1 and the outer tubing string 2. However, due to the long length of the tubing, the temperature of the hot steam in the annulus gradually decreases as it moves downwards. Syngas is injected into the inner tubing string 1, and the syngas reaction unit 3 is connected to the inner tubing string 1. The syngas reaction unit 3 is used to cause the syngas injected through the inner tubing string 1 to undergo an exothermic reaction within it. The initial temperature (230℃-280℃) required for the exothermic reaction is provided by the hot steam. The exothermic reaction of the syngas in the syngas reaction unit 3 generates a large amount of heat. When the steam in the annulus between the inner tubing string 1 and the outer tubing string 2 comes into contact with the heat released by the syngas reaction, the steam absorbs the heat and its temperature rises. The heated steam then enters the target reservoir, thereby achieving the purpose of raising the temperature and reducing the viscosity of the target reservoir.

[0029] In this embodiment, hot steam is used to provide the heat required for the exothermic reaction. Therefore, compared with the existing method of heating and reducing the viscosity of heavy oil by hot steam, the temperature of the steam is reduced, which means energy consumption is reduced, and the cost of heavy oil extraction is reduced accordingly.

[0030] The reaction products generated after passing through the syngas reaction unit 3 move downwards through the first unidirectional flow unit 4 to enter the target reservoir. The unidirectional flow of the first unidirectional flow unit 4 ensures that the reaction products can only flow from top to bottom into the target reservoir, while the heated steam cannot flow back into the syngas reaction unit 3 through the first unidirectional flow unit 4. This ensures that the heated steam can smoothly enter the target reservoir and avoids the problem of hot steam flowing back into the syngas reaction unit 3 and affecting the exothermic reaction. It ensures that the syngas can smoothly carry out the exothermic chemical reaction in the syngas reaction unit 3. Specifically, the syngas is a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

[0031] Specifically, the syngas reaction unit 3 is a syngas reactor. The syngas reactor includes a shell with an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is connected to the inner tube column 1, and the outlet is connected to the first unidirectional conduction unit 4. The shell is filled with a catalyst, and the inlet and outlet are connected.

[0032] In this embodiment, the syngas reaction unit 3 is specifically a syngas reactor. In order for syngas to enter the syngas reactor, the syngas reactor should include a shell with an air inlet on the shell. The air inlet is connected to the inner tube column 1, so that the syngas injected into the inner tube column 1 can enter the shell of the syngas reactor through the air inlet.

[0033] In order to facilitate the exothermic chemical reaction of the syngas entering the shell of the syngas reactor, the shell is filled with a catalyst. The catalyst is used to catalyze the chemical reaction. The first unidirectional conduction unit 4 is also used to prevent steam from flowing back into the syngas reactor and thus affecting the catalytic performance of the catalyst.

[0034] In order to ensure that the products after the catalytic reaction are smoothly discharged from the shell of the syngas reactor, an outlet should be provided on the shell and the outlet and inlet should be connected to each other. This ensures that after the syngas entering through the inlet undergoes an exothermic chemical reaction under the catalysis of the catalyst, the reaction products generated are smoothly discharged from the outlet.

[0035] Secondly, the gas outlet is connected to the first one-way conduction unit 4. The reaction products discharged through the gas outlet move downward through the first one-way conduction unit 4 to mix with the steam in the annulus between the outer tubing 2 and the inner tubing 1. After mixing, the two are injected into the target reservoir.

[0036] Specifically, there are n syngas reaction units 3, where n is a positive integer greater than 1. For any positive integer i less than n, the i-th syngas reaction unit 3 is connected to the (i+1)-th syngas reaction unit 3 below it, the 1-th syngas reaction unit 3 is connected to the inner tube column 1, and the n-th syngas reaction unit 3 is connected to the first unidirectional conduction unit 4.

[0037] In practice, multiple syngas reaction units 3 can be configured to ensure that the syngas can undergo a fully exothermic chemical reaction. For example, in practice, n can be set to a positive integer greater than or equal to 3 to ensure that the syngas reaction is complete. Syngas reaction units 3 meet the requirements of a temperature resistance of 400-500℃, a pressure resistance of 25MPa, and the size requirements of 9-5 / 8″ and 7″ wellbores.

[0038] Specifically, the first one-way flow unit 4 is a flow valve, the inner tubing 1 and the outer tubing 2 are both airtight oil pipes, and the syngas reaction unit 3 and the inner tubing 1, as well as the syngas reaction unit 3 and the first one-way flow unit 4, are all sealed and fixed connections.

[0039] In this embodiment, the first unidirectional conduction unit 4 is specifically configured as a flow valve, and the flow direction of the flow valve is from top to bottom. That is, the reaction products can flow from top to bottom through the flow valve to mix with the steam, while the steam cannot flow back through the flow valve to mix with the gas above the flow valve.

[0040] Secondly, the syngas reaction unit 3 is connected to the lower end of the inner tube column 1. In specific implementation, the syngas reaction unit 3 and the check valve can be connected by a connecting pipe. The syngas reaction unit 3 and the inner tube column 1, the syngas reaction unit 3 and the connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe and the check valve are all sealed and fixed connections, thereby preventing syngas from overflowing into the annulus between the inner tube column 1 and the outer tube column 2.

[0041] Furthermore, both the inner tubing 1 and the outer tubing 2 are made of airtight tubing to prevent the syngas from coming into contact with steam before the reaction.

[0042] In one embodiment, a pressurization system 5 is connected to the lower end of the first unidirectional conduction unit 4. The pressurization system 5 is used to pressurize the reaction products that have passed through the first unidirectional conduction unit 4.

[0043] In this embodiment, the pressurization system 5 is used to pressurize the reaction products after the synthesis gas reaction. The pressurized reaction products are mixed with steam and then sent to the target reservoir.

[0044] Specifically, the syngas first undergoes an exothermic reaction in the syngas reaction unit 3. The reaction products generated after the exothermic reaction flow downward through the first unidirectional conduction unit 4 to enter the pressurization system 5. The pressurization system 5 pressurizes the reaction products to increase their pressure. The pressurized reaction products then flow out of the pressurization system 5.

[0045] When the steam injected through the annulus between the inner tubing 1 and the outer tubing 2 moves to the synthesis gas reaction unit 3, the steam absorbs the heat of the exothermic reaction and its temperature rises. The steam with the increased temperature moves downward and finally mixes with the reaction products after passing through the pressurization system 5. The mixed gas moves downward to enter the target oil reservoir, which serves to raise the temperature and reduce the viscosity of the heavy oil.

[0046] The lower end of the booster system 5 is connected to a second unidirectional conduction unit 6, which conducts in a top-to-bottom direction; the second unidirectional conduction unit 6 is a check valve.

[0047] In this embodiment, the second unidirectional conduction unit 6 is located at the lower end of the pressurization system 5, and the conduction direction of the second unidirectional conduction unit 6 is from top to bottom. Therefore, the second unidirectional conduction unit 6 is provided to ensure that the reaction products after passing through the pressurization system 5 are smoothly injected into the target reservoir.

[0048] In the specific configuration, the second one-way flow unit 6 is a one-way valve. The lower end of the inner tube column 1 is sequentially equipped with a syngas reaction unit 3, a first one-way flow unit 4, a pressurization system 5, and a second one-way flow unit 6. Both the first one-way flow unit 4 and the second one-way flow unit 6 are one-way valves. The first one-way flow unit 4 is used to ensure that the reaction products after the exothermic reaction are transported downwards in a timely manner, and the second one-way flow unit 6 is used to ensure that the reaction products after pressurization are smoothly injected into the target reservoir. The configuration of the first one-way flow unit 4 and the second one-way flow unit 6 not only ensures that the reaction products are smoothly transported to the target reservoir, but also prevents steam from entering the syngas reactor and affecting the exothermic reaction of the syngas.

[0049] In another embodiment, a pressurization system 5 is provided between the syngas reaction unit 3 and the first unidirectional conduction unit 4. The pressurization system 5 is used to pressurize the reaction products after the exothermic reaction.

[0050] Specifically, the pressurization system 5 is located between the syngas reaction unit 3 and the first one-way flow unit 4. The pressurization system 5 is used to pressurize the reaction products. After the pressure is increased, the reaction products flow downward through the first one-way flow unit 4 to mix with the steam after the temperature is increased.

[0051] Among them, a third unidirectional conduction unit is provided between the pressurization system 5 and the synthesis gas reaction unit. The conduction direction of the third unidirectional conduction unit is from top to bottom, and the third unidirectional conduction unit is a flow valve.

[0052] In this embodiment, the third unidirectional conduction unit is disposed between the pressurization system 5 and the syngas reaction unit 3, and the conduction direction of the third unidirectional conduction unit is from top to bottom. Therefore, the third unidirectional conduction unit is disposed to ensure that the reaction products after passing through the syngas reaction unit 3 move smoothly downward.

[0053] In one embodiment, the pressurization system 5 includes a housing, inside which a turbine and a pressurizing wheel are disposed. The turbine and the pressurizing wheel are mounted on the same axle. A steam inlet and a steam outlet are provided on the housing corresponding to the turbine. The turbine is driven to rotate by the steam between the inner tube column 1 and the outer tube column 2. A reaction product inlet and a reaction product outlet are provided on the housing corresponding to the pressurizing wheel. The rotation of the pressurizing wheel causes the reaction product to be drawn in through the reaction product inlet, and the drawn-in reaction product is pressurized and discharged through the reaction product outlet.

[0054] Specifically, the pressurization system 5 includes a housing and a turbine and a pressurizing wheel installed inside the housing. The turbine is driven by hot steam. The rotation of the turbine drives the pressurizing wheel to rotate. As the pressurizing wheel rotates, the reaction products are drawn in through the reaction product inlet. After being drawn in, the reaction products are pressurized in the chamber between the pressurizing wheel and the housing and then discharged from the reaction product outlet, resulting in a reaction product with increased pressure.

[0055] The booster system 5 can increase the pressure of the reaction products from 6-7 MPa to 20-21 MPa, ensuring that the reaction products can be smoothly combined with steam and injected into the target reservoir.

[0056] This invention also provides a downhole chemical reaction method, comprising the following steps:

[0057] Syngas is injected into the inner tubing of the device for downhole chemical reaction so that the syngas undergoes an exothermic reaction in the syngas reaction unit. The device for downhole directional chemical reaction is as described in any of the above embodiments, and the syngas is a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, with a volume ratio of carbon monoxide to hydrogen of (1:1)-(1:3).

[0058] Steam is injected into the annulus between the inner and outer tubing strings at a temperature of 230°C-280°C. This is to provide the necessary reaction temperature for the exothermic reaction, to allow the injected steam to absorb the heat generated by the exothermic reaction, and to allow the steam after absorbing heat to be injected into the target reservoir together with the reaction products of the syngas.

[0059] Specifically, the synthesis gas in this embodiment of the invention is composed of CO and H2, and the volume ratio of carbon monoxide to hydrogen is (1:1)-(1:3), as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, syngas is injected downhole through inner tubing 1 at an injection pressure of 6-7 MPa. The steam generated at the surface has a certain initial temperature of about 230℃-280℃ and is injected downhole through the annulus between inner tubing 1 and outer tubing 2. Under the conditions of an initial temperature of 230℃-280℃ provided by hot steam and a syngas pressure of 6-7 MPa, the syngas undergoes an exothermic reaction in the syngas reaction unit 3, thereby increasing the temperature and dryness of the steam. The reaction products after the syngas reaction pass through the first one-way valve in one direction. The steam with increased temperature and dryness drives the turbine through the pressurization system 5, thereby pressurizing the syngas reaction products. The pressurized reaction products pass through the second one-way valve in one direction and mix with the steam, and are finally injected into the target reservoir.

[0060] It should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0061] Furthermore, the terms "a," "two," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0062] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An apparatus for downhole directional chemical reactions, comprising an outer tubing string and an inner tubing string disposed within the outer tubing string, characterized in that, It also includes a syngas reaction unit connected to the inner column. This syngas reaction unit is used to cause an exothermic chemical reaction in the syngas injected through the inner column under the action of an internal catalyst. The heat generated by the exothermic reaction heats the steam between the outer and inner columns. The injection pressure of the syngas is 6-7 MPa. The annulus between the outer and inner columns is used to inject hot steam at 230-280°C. The injected hot steam provides the required reaction temperature for the chemical reaction. The lower end of the reaction unit is connected to a first unidirectional conduction unit, and the conduction direction of the first unidirectional conduction unit is from top to bottom; the synthesis gas is a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and the volume ratio of carbon monoxide to hydrogen is (1:1)-(1:3); both the inner and outer tubing are airtight oil pipes; the synthesis gas reaction unit and the inner tubing, and the synthesis gas reaction unit and the first unidirectional conduction unit are sealed and fixedly connected; the synthesis gas reaction unit is set to withstand a temperature of 400-500℃ and a pressure of 25MPa. A pressurization system is provided between the syngas reaction unit and the first unidirectional conduction unit. The pressurization system is used to pressurize the reaction products after the exothermic reaction. The pressurization system is used to increase the pressure of the reaction products of the chemical reaction to 20-21 MPa to ensure that the reaction products can be smoothly merged with the steam and injected into the target reservoir. The lower end of the pressurization system is connected to a second unidirectional conduction unit, the conduction direction of the second unidirectional conduction unit being from top to bottom; a third unidirectional conduction unit is provided between the pressurization system and the syngas reaction unit, the conduction direction of the third unidirectional conduction unit being from top to bottom; the pressurization system includes a housing, inside which a turbine and a pressurizing wheel are provided, the turbine and the pressurizing wheel are mounted on the same axle, a steam inlet and a steam outlet are provided on the housing corresponding to the turbine, the turbine is driven to rotate by the steam between the inner tube column and the outer tube column, a reaction product inlet and a reaction product outlet are provided on the housing corresponding to the pressurizing wheel, the rotation of the pressurizing wheel causes the reaction product to be drawn in through the reaction product inlet, and the drawn-in reaction product is pressurized and discharged through the reaction product outlet.

2. The apparatus for downhole directional chemical reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The syngas reaction unit is a syngas reactor, which includes a shell with an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is connected to the inner tube column, and the outlet is connected to the first unidirectional conduction unit. The shell is filled with a catalyst, and the inlet and outlet are connected.

3. The apparatus for downhole directional chemical reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are n syngas reaction units, where n is a positive integer greater than 1. For any positive integer i less than n, the i-th syngas reaction unit is connected to the (i+1)-th syngas reaction unit below it, the 1-th syngas reaction unit is connected to the inner tube column, and the n-th syngas reaction unit is connected to the first unidirectional conduction unit.

4. The apparatus for downhole directional chemical reaction according to claim 3, characterized in that, n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3.

5. The apparatus for downhole directional chemical reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first unidirectional conduction unit is a flow valve.

6. The apparatus for downhole directional chemical reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second unidirectional conduction unit is a flow valve.

7. The apparatus for downhole directional chemical reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third unidirectional conduction unit is a flow valve.

8. A downhole chemical reaction method, characterized in that, include, Syngas is injected into the inner tubing of an apparatus for downhole directional chemical reaction, such that the syngas undergoes an exothermic reaction in the syngas reaction unit, the apparatus for downhole directional chemical reaction being as described in any one of claims 1-7; Steam is injected into the annulus between the inner and outer tubing columns so that the injected steam provides the required reaction temperature for the exothermic reaction, so that the injected steam absorbs the heat generated by the exothermic reaction, and so that the steam after absorbing heat and the reaction products after the syngas reaction are injected into the target reservoir together.

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