Method and auxiliary device for assembling a differential

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of differential assembly, and discloses a differential assembly method and an auxiliary device. The differential assembly method comprises the following steps: installing a driving bevel gear on an input part; sleeving a preassembly component on the outer periphery of an output shaft; preassembling a differential assembly in a gear bracket so that the driving and driven bevel gears are engaged; adjusting an outer ring so that the two end faces of the preassembly component are connected with the end faces of the main body and the output shaft and the end face of the output part respectively; reading the height value of the preassembly component as the assembly height value; disassembling the differential assembly and the preassembly component; measuring the actual height value of a bearing to be assembled by using a measuring component; calculating the thickness of a pre-tightening gasket and selecting the pre-tightening gasket; sleeving the pre-tightening gasket and the bearing on the output shaft; assembling the differential assembly in the gear bracket so that the driving and driven bevel gears are engaged and the pre-tightening gasket and the bearing are pressed and combined between the output part and the main body. The auxiliary device comprises the preassembly component and the measuring component, the preassembly component comprises an inner ring and an outer ring, and the outer ring is threadedly engaged with the outer periphery of the inner ring.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of differential assembly, in particular to a differential assembly method and auxiliary device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Differential is widely used in the field of automobile, differential can make left, right (or front, rear) drive wheel realize the mechanism of rotating at different speed. Differential mainly consists of left and right tapered roller bearings, two gaskets, gear bracket, differential assembly, input shaft and output shaft.

[0003] At present, differential assembly is carried out manually by workers, workers select gaskets according to experience, if assembly is wrong, tapered roller bearings and gaskets with output shaft interference fit need to be disassembled, since tapered roller bearings and output shaft are interference fit, disassembly is difficult and time-consuming. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is: selecting pre-tightening gasket is fast, and the thickness of the pre-tightening gasket is accurate, so that the differential is in the best running state, and the auxiliary device is simple in structure and low in cost.

[0005] The present application provides a differential assembly method.

[0006] The present application provides a differential auxiliary device.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the purpose of the present application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0008] A differential assembly method, wherein the differential includes a gear bracket, a driving bevel gear and a differential assembly, the gear bracket includes an input part and an output part, the differential assembly includes a main body, a driven bevel gear and an output shaft, the driven bevel gear and the output shaft are installed on the main body, an auxiliary device is used, the auxiliary device includes a pre-assembly component and a measuring component, the pre-assembly component includes an inner ring and an outer ring, the outer ring is engaged with the outer periphery of the inner ring through threads, and the inner ring and / or the outer ring is provided with a scale for reading the distance between the two opposite end faces of the inner ring and the outer ring; the assembly method includes:

[0009] The driving bevel gear is rotatably installed on the input part;

[0010] The pre-assembly component is sleeved on the outer periphery of the output shaft, the differential assembly with the pre-assembly component is pre-assembled in the gear bracket, so that the driven bevel gear is engaged with the driving bevel gear, and the output shaft is arranged opposite to the output part, the inner ring and / or the outer ring is adjusted, so that the two end faces of the pre-assembly component are connected with the end faces of the main body and the output shaft and the end face of the output part respectively, at this time, the height value of the pre-assembly component is read as the assembly height value;

[0011] Remove the differential assembly from the gear carrier and the pre-assembled assembly from the output shaft;

[0012] Use the measuring assembly to measure the actual height of the bearing to be installed;

[0013] Calculate the thickness of the preloaded gasket to be installed based on the assembly height value and the actual height value, and select the preloaded gasket with the same thickness as the calculated preloaded thickness to be installed;

[0014] The selected preload washers and bearings are sequentially sleeved on the output shaft, and the differential assembly sleeved with the preload washers and the bearings is assembled in the gear bracket, so that the driving bevel gear is meshed with the driven bevel gear, and the preload washers and the bearings are pressed between the output part and the main body, and the driven bevel gear is meshed with the driving bevel gear.

[0015] Furthermore, before reading the height value of the pre-installed component, the method further includes:

[0016] Measure the circumferential clearance of the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear so that the circumferential meshing clearance between the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear is 0.13~0.20mm.

[0017] Furthermore, the circumferential meshing clearance between the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear is 0.16 to 0.18 mm.

[0018] Furthermore, the measuring assembly includes a base plate, a straightedge, a counterweight, and a digital dial indicator. The straightedge is relatively arranged above the base plate and can move downward relative to the base plate. The digital dial indicator and the counterweight are both installed on the straightedge, and the measuring rod of the digital dial indicator slides from top to bottom and is inserted into the straightedge. Measuring the actual height value of the bearing to be installed includes:

[0019] Select a standard bearing, place it on the substrate, move the straightedge downward to fit the standard bearing, calibrate the digital dial indicator to zero, move the straightedge upward and take out the standard bearing;

[0020] First, place the bearing to be installed on the base plate, then move the straight ruler downward to fit the bearing to be installed, and read the reading on the digital dial indicator, which is the difference between the bearing to be installed and the standard bearing.

[0021] An auxiliary device includes a pre-assembled component, which includes an inner ring and an outer ring. The outer ring is engaged with the outer circumference of the inner ring through a thread, and the inner ring and / or the outer ring are provided with a scale for reading the distance between the two opposite end faces of the inner ring and the outer ring.

[0022] Furthermore, the inner ring includes an inner ring body and an inner ring flange arranged on the outer periphery of the front end of the inner ring body, and the outer ring includes an outer ring body and an outer ring flange arranged along the front end edge of the outer ring body. The outer ring body is screwed to the inner ring body, and the outer ring flange is arranged on the outer periphery of the inner ring flange. One of the outer periphery of the outer ring body and the outer periphery of the inner ring body has a reference point, and the other has a scale, and the minimum scale value of the scale is less than 0.01 mm.

[0023] Furthermore, the measuring component includes a base plate, a straightedge, a counterweight and a digital dial indicator. The straightedge is relatively arranged above the base plate and can move downward relative to the base plate. The digital dial indicator and the counterweight are both installed on the straightedge, and the measuring rod of the digital dial indicator slides from top to bottom and is inserted into the straightedge. The weight range of the counterweight is 2 to 5 kg.

[0024] Furthermore, the counterweight is U-shaped.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the differential assembly method and auxiliary device according to the embodiment of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0026] 1. The assembly method of the present invention is fast and precise in selecting and matching preloaded gaskets, so that the differential can operate in an optimal state.

[0027] 2. The auxiliary device of the present invention has a simple structure and solves the installation error caused by applying no preload force when measuring the bearing to be installed in the prior art. The selection of preload gaskets is highly accurate, thereby improving the installation accuracy of the differential. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is an assembly diagram of a bearing to be installed on a differential according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is an assembly diagram of a pre-assembled component installed on a differential according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of pre-assembled components according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a measuring assembly measuring a bearing to be installed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a measuring assembly measuring a standard bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure, 1. differential; 11. driving bevel gear; 2. gear bracket; 21. input part; 22. output part; 3. differential assembly; 31. main body; 32. driven bevel gear; 33. output shaft; 4. auxiliary device; 5. pre-installed component; 51. inner ring; 52. outer ring; 6. measuring component; 61. base plate; 62. straightedge; 63. counterweight; 64. digital dial indicator; 65. standard bearing; 7. bearing to be installed; 8. preload gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" used in the present invention to indicate the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "provided with," "connected," etc., should be understood broadly. For example, "connected" may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, an assembly method of a differential 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the differential 1 includes a gear carrier 2, a driving bevel gear 11 and a differential 1 assembly, the gear carrier 2 includes an input portion 21 and an output portion 22, the differential 1 assembly includes a main body 31, a driven bevel gear 32 and an output shaft 33, the driven bevel gear 32 and the output shaft 33 are both mounted on the main body 31, an auxiliary device 4 is used, the auxiliary device 4 includes a pre-installed component 5 and a measuring component 6, the pre-installed component 5 includes an inner ring 51 and an outer ring 52, the outer ring 52 is engaged with the outer circumference of the inner ring 51 by a thread, and the inner ring 51 and / or the outer ring 52 are provided with a scale for reading the distance between the two opposite end faces of the inner ring 51 and the outer ring 52; the assembly method includes:

[0038] The driving bevel gear 11 is rotatably mounted on the input portion 21;

[0039] A pre-assembled component 5 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the output shaft 33, and the differential 1 assembly sleeved with the pre-assembled component 5 is pre-assembled in the gear bracket 2, so that the driven bevel gear 32 is meshed with the driving bevel gear 11, and the output shaft 33 is arranged opposite to the output part 22. By adjusting the inner ring 51 and / or the outer ring 52, the two end faces of the pre-assembled component 5 are respectively aligned with the end face of the main body 31 connected to the output shaft 33 and the end face of the output part 22. At this time, the height value of the pre-assembled component 5 is read as the assembly height value;

[0040] Remove the differential 1 assembly from the gear carrier 2 and remove the pre-assembled component 5 from the output shaft 33;

[0041] Measure the actual height of the bearing 7 to be installed using the measuring assembly 6;

[0042] Calculate the thickness of the pre-tightening gasket 8 to be installed according to the assembly height value and the actual height value, and select the pre-tightening gasket 8 with the same thickness as the calculated pre-tightening thickness to be installed;

[0043] The selected preload washer 8 and bearing are sequentially sleeved on the output shaft 33, and the differential 1 assembly sleeved with the preload washer 8 and the bearing is assembled in the gear bracket 2, so that the driving bevel gear 11 is engaged with the driven bevel gear 32, and the preload washer 8 and the bearing are pressed between the output part 22 and the main body 31, and the driven bevel gear 32 is engaged with the driving bevel gear 11.

[0044] Based on the above assembly method, this embodiment measures the actual height value of the bearing 7 to be installed after the preload force is applied, and obtains the thickness of the preload gasket 8 by subtracting the actual height from the assembly height. The selection of the preload gasket 8 is fast and accurate, reducing the assembly error of the differential 1 and allowing the differential 1 to operate in the optimal operating state.

[0045] Preferably, before reading the height value of the pre-installed component 5, the method further includes:

[0046] Measure the circumferential clearance between the driving bevel gear 11 and the driven bevel gear 32 so that the circumferential meshing clearance between the driving bevel gear 11 and the driven bevel gear 32 is 0.13-0.20 mm. If the circumferential meshing clearance between the driving bevel gear 11 and the driven bevel gear 32 does not meet the requirement of 0.13-0.20 mm, adjust the inner ring 51 and / or outer ring 52 of the pre-assembled component 5 so that the circumferential meshing clearance between the driving bevel gear 11 and the driven bevel gear 32 meets the requirement of 0.13-0.20 mm. This is the preferred state of the differential 1. Read the assembly height value of the pre-assembled component 5. By increasing the assembly height value, the assembly accuracy of the differential 1 is improved, thereby increasing the service life of the differential 1. For example, the circumferential meshing clearance between the driving bevel gear 11 and the driven bevel gear 32 is 0.17 mm, which is the most preferred state for the operation of the differential 1.

[0047] Preferably, the circumferential meshing clearance between the driving bevel gear 11 and the driven bevel gear 32 is 0.16-0.18 mm. Further limiting the circumferential meshing clearance between the driving bevel gear 11 and the driven bevel gear 32 ensures the assembly accuracy of the differential 1, achieves the optimal operating state of the differential 1, and improves the life of the entire device. For example, the circumferential meshing clearance between the driving bevel gear 11 and the driven bevel gear 32 is 0.17 mm, which is the optimal operating state for the differential 1.

[0048] Preferably, the measuring assembly 6 includes a base plate 61, a straightedge 62, a counterweight 63, and a digital dial indicator 64. The straightedge 62 is relatively arranged above the base plate 61 and can move downward relative to the base plate 61. The digital dial indicator 64 and the counterweight 63 are both mounted on the straightedge 62, and the measuring rod of the digital dial indicator 64 slides from top to bottom and is inserted into the straightedge 62. Measuring the actual height value of the bearing 7 to be installed includes:

[0049] Select a standard bearing 65 and place it on the base plate 61. Move the straightedge 62 downward to fit the standard bearing 65. Then, calibrate the digital dial indicator 64 to zero. Move the straightedge 62 upward and take out the standard bearing 65.

[0050] First, place the bearing 7 to be installed on the base plate 61 , then move the straightedge 62 downward to fit the bearing 7 to be installed, and read the reading of the digital dial indicator 64 , which is the difference between the bearing 7 to be installed and the standard bearing 65 .

[0051] Based on the above technical solution, the measuring component 6 applies a preload force to the bearing 7 to be installed through the counterweight 63 to reduce the assembly error of the bearing 7 to be installed, and then calculates the actual height value of the bearing 7 to be installed. The thickness of the preload gasket 8 can be obtained by subtracting the actual height value from the assembly height value, and a gasket of this thickness is selected. Since the thickness of the preload gasket 8 is relatively small, the assembly error of the preload gasket 8 in the preloaded state and the non-preloaded state is ignored. Since the range of the digital dial indicator 64 is not as large as the actual height value of the bearing 7 to be installed, it is selected to place the standard bearing 65 on the base plate 61 first, and then calibrate the digital dial indicator 64 to zero. After replacing the standard bearing 65 with the bearing 7 to be installed, the value read from the digital dial indicator 64 is the difference between the actual height value of the bearing 7 to be installed and the height of the standard bearing 65.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, an auxiliary device 4 includes a pre-assembled assembly 5, which includes an inner ring 51 and an outer ring 52. The outer ring 52 is threadably engaged with the outer circumference of the inner ring 51. The inner ring 51 and / or the outer ring 52 are provided with scales for reading the distance between the two opposing end surfaces of the inner ring 51 and the outer ring 52. Directly reading the scale of the pre-assembled assembly 5, i.e., reading the assembly height value, is fast, saving time in assembling the differential 1 and improving production efficiency.

[0053] like Figure 3As shown, preferably, the inner ring 51 includes an inner ring body and an inner ring flange provided on the outer periphery of the front end of the inner ring body, and the outer ring 52 includes an outer ring body and an outer ring flange provided along the front edge of the outer ring body. The outer ring body is screwed to the inner ring body, and the outer ring flange is provided around the outer periphery of the inner ring flange. One of the outer periphery of the outer ring body and the outer periphery of the inner ring body has a reference point, and the other has a scale, and the minimum scale value of the scale is less than 0.01mm. Exemplarily, the minimum scale value of the scale is 0.01mm. For each rotation of the inner ring 51 and / or the outer ring 52 by one scale, the distance between the two opposite end faces of the inner ring 51 and the outer ring 52 changes by 0.01mm. The assembly height value can be quickly read by directly reading the scale, and the assembly accuracy requirements of the differential 1 are met.

[0054] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, preferably, the measuring assembly 6 includes a base plate 61, a straightedge 62, a counterweight 63, and a digital dial indicator 64. The straightedge 62 is positioned above the base plate 61 and is movable downward relative to the base plate 61. The digital dial indicator 64 and the counterweight 63 are both mounted on the straightedge 62, and the measuring rod of the digital dial indicator 64 slides from top to bottom and is inserted into the straightedge 62. The weight of the counterweight 63 ranges from 2 to 5 kg. The gear bracket 2 is not in a free state when unassembled. The gear bracket 2 is assembled after the differential 1 assembly and the bearing 7 to be installed are assembled. Since the gear bracket 2 can have an elastic deformation of 0.08 mm to 0.20 mm, the elastic deformation of the gear bracket 2 applies a preload force to the bearing 7 to be installed. When the measuring assembly 6 measures the actual height value of the bearing to be installed 7, the weight of the counterweight block 63 applies a preload force to the bearing to be measured, eliminating or reducing the error between the bearing to be measured when the preload force is applied and when the preload force is not applied, thereby improving the assembly accuracy of the differential 1 and increasing the service life of the differential 1.

[0055] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, preferably, the shape of the counterweight 63 is U-shaped. The U-shaped counterweight 63 is easy to grasp and take, and is more convenient to use.

[0056] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a differential assembly method and auxiliary device. 1. The assembly method of the present invention is fast and precise in selecting preloaded gaskets, so that the differential operates in an optimal operating state. 2. The auxiliary device of the present invention has a simple structure, which solves the installation error caused by measuring the bearing to be installed without applying preloaded force in the prior art. The preloaded gasket is selected with high precision, thereby improving the installation accuracy of the differential.

[0057] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for assembling a differential, wherein the differential comprises a gear carrier, a driving bevel gear, and a differential assembly, wherein the gear carrier comprises an input portion and an output portion, and the differential assembly comprises a main body, a driven bevel gear, and an output shaft, wherein the driven bevel gear and the output shaft are both mounted on the main body, characterized in that: An auxiliary device is used, the auxiliary device comprising a pre-assembled component and a measuring component, the pre-assembled component comprising an inner ring and an outer ring, the outer ring being threadedly engaged with the outer circumference of the inner ring, and the inner ring and / or the outer ring being provided with a scale for reading the distance between the two opposite end faces of the inner ring and the outer ring; the assembly method comprises: Rotatingly mounting the driving bevel gear on the input portion; The pre-assembled component is sleeved on the outer periphery of the output shaft, and the differential assembly sleeved with the pre-assembled component is pre-assembled in the gear bracket so that the driven bevel gear is meshed with the driving bevel gear, and the output shaft is arranged opposite to the output part. By adjusting the inner ring and / or the outer ring, the two end faces of the pre-assembled component are respectively aligned with the end face of the main body connected to the output shaft and the end face of the output part. At this time, the height value of the pre-assembled component is read as the assembly height value; Remove the differential assembly from the gear carrier and remove the pre-assembled assembly from the output shaft; Using the measuring assembly to measure the actual height of the bearing to be installed; Calculate the thickness of the pre-tightening gasket to be installed according to the assembly height value and the actual height value, and select a pre-tightening gasket with the same thickness as the calculated pre-tightening thickness to be installed; The selected preload washers and bearings are sequentially sleeved on the output shaft, and the differential assembly sleeved with the preload washers and the bearings is assembled in the gear bracket, so that the driving bevel gear is meshed with the driven bevel gear, and the preload washers and the bearings are pressed between the output portion and the main body, and the driven bevel gear is meshed with the driving bevel gear.

2. The differential assembly method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before reading the height value of the pre-installed component, the method further includes: The circumferential clearance between the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear is measured to ensure that the circumferential meshing clearance between the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear is 0.13 to 0.20 mm.

3. The differential assembly method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circumferential meshing clearance between the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear is 0.16-0.18 mm.

4. The differential assembly method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring assembly includes a base plate, a straightedge, a counterweight, and a digital dial indicator. The straightedge is relatively arranged above the base plate and can move downward relative to the base plate. The digital dial indicator and the counterweight are both installed on the straightedge, and the measuring rod of the digital dial indicator slides from top to bottom and is inserted into the straightedge. The actual height value of the bearing to be installed is measured by: Select a standard bearing, place it on the substrate, move the straightedge downward to fit the standard bearing, calibrate the digital dial indicator to zero, move the straightedge upward and take out the standard bearing; First, place the bearing to be installed on the base plate, then move the straight ruler downward to fit the bearing to be installed, and read the reading of the digital dial indicator, which is the difference between the bearing to be installed and the standard bearing.

5. An auxiliary device used in the differential assembly method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The pre-assembled component includes an inner ring and an outer ring. The outer ring is engaged with the outer circumference of the inner ring through a thread, and the inner ring and / or the outer ring are provided with a scale for reading the distance between the two opposite end faces of the inner ring and the outer ring.

6. The auxiliary device according to claim 5, characterized in that The inner ring includes an inner ring body and an inner ring flange arranged on the outer periphery of the front end of the inner ring body. The outer ring includes an outer ring body and an outer ring flange arranged along the front end edge of the outer ring body. The outer ring body is screwed to the inner ring body, and the outer ring flange is arranged on the outer periphery of the inner ring flange. One of the outer periphery of the outer ring body and the outer periphery of the inner ring body has a reference point, and the other has a scale, and the minimum scale value of the scale is less than 0.01 mm.

7. The auxiliary device according to claim 5, characterized in that The measuring assembly includes a base plate, a straightedge, a counterweight and a digital dial indicator. The straightedge is relatively arranged above the base plate and can move downward relative to the base plate. The digital dial indicator and the counterweight are both installed on the straightedge, and the measuring rod of the digital dial indicator slides from top to bottom and is inserted into the straightedge. The weight range of the counterweight is 2 to 5 kg.

8. The auxiliary device according to claim 7, characterized in that The counterweight block is U-shaped.

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