Belt conveyor and its continuous distributed optical fiber sensing detection system

Abstract

The present application relates to a belt conveyor and a continuous distributed optical fiber sensing detection system thereof, the detection system comprising a signaler, a temperature / vibration sensing optical cable, a heat-conducting shell and an optical fiber sensing demodulator; first, second, third and fourth detection points are arranged at the connecting area of the rotating shaft of the carrier roller assembly, and the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable is arranged in a continuous distributed manner along the direction of the belt conveyor at the detection points; the connecting area of the carrier roller prone to failure is monitored continuously, and the optical cable is installed on the corresponding detection point through the heat-conducting shell structure to collect the temperature and vibration data of the carrier roller; the detection data processed by the optical fiber sensing demodulator is used for subsequent fault identification, early warning and processing. The long-distance, large-range and high-precision continuous real-time intelligent monitoring of the belt conveyor is realized, the reliability of the detection system is improved through multi-parameter fusion detection, the fault omission is avoided, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical fiber detection technology, and more specifically, to a belt conveyor and its continuous distributed optical fiber sensing detection system for detecting belt conveyors used in underground coal mine operations. Background Technology

[0002] Research on belt conveyor systems in my country started relatively late compared to other countries, but its development momentum is strong. Significant progress has been made in key technology research and new product development for high-power, long-distance belt conveyors used in underground coal mines. In recent years, monitoring methods such as temperature-sensing cables and inspection robots have begun to enter the field of belt conveyor condition monitoring. However, these monitoring methods need to meet explosion-proof requirements, are complex in design, have high costs, and low adaptability. Furthermore, the maximum monitoring length of a single temperature-sensing cable unit is no more than 600m, and inspection robots struggle to achieve continuous monitoring, all of which reduce the reliability and safety of belt conveyor condition monitoring.

[0003] Conveyor malfunctions are mainly categorized into mechanical and electrical faults, with mechanical faults accounting for over 60%. Idler rollers, as crucial transmission components of the conveyor, are a primary source of mechanical failures. Idler roller malfunctions primarily include roller shell wear, roller bearing wear, and roller bending and deformation damage, severely impacting conveyor production efficiency and potentially causing serious accidents such as fires. Idler roller malfunctions typically produce abnormal changes in various physical parameters such as temperature and vibration, making it difficult to accurately identify the fault type by monitoring only one parameter. The complex working environment in coal mines means that other non-fault-related factors near the conveyor can cause abnormalities in temperature, vibration, and other parameters, leading to false alarms or missed alarms and reducing the reliability of the monitoring system.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need in this field for a novel continuous multi-parameter fusion detection method that can be arranged along the entire belt path to achieve long-distance, wide-range, high-precision real-time monitoring of multiple parameters of belt conveyors. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a continuous distributed optical fiber sensing and detection system to solve or at least alleviate one or more of the problems mentioned above and other problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a continuous distributed optical fiber sensing and detection system for detecting belt conveyors in underground coal mine operations. The belt conveyor includes a belt and multiple sets of idler roller assemblies. Each set of idler roller assemblies consists of a first idler roller, a second idler roller, and a third idler roller connected end to end. They are arranged on a U-shaped idler roller support in a vertical plane via idler roller shafts. The belt is arranged along the belt conveying direction, adhering to the idler roller surface. A first detection point is set at the outer end of the first idler roller shaft, a second detection point is set at the connection between the first and second idler rollers, a third detection point is set at the connection between the second and third idler rollers, and a fourth detection point is set at the outer end of the third idler roller shaft.

[0007] The fiber optic sensing detection system includes a signal generator, a temperature / vibration sensing fiber optic cable, a heat-conducting housing, and a fiber optic sensing modulator; the temperature / vibration sensing fiber optic cable is continuously distributed along the belt conveyor direction and is installed at the first detection point, the second detection point, the third detection point, and the fourth detection point through the heat-conducting housing;

[0008] The optical signal generated by the signal generator flows through the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable and is processed by the fiber optic sensor demodulator to obtain temperature and vibration detection data for each group of idler rollers at the first detection point, the second detection point, the third detection point, and the fourth detection point.

[0009] Optionally, in the detection system described above, the first detection point is set on the idler bracket at the outer end of the first idler shaft, the fourth detection point is set on the idler bracket at the outer end of the third idler shaft, the second detection point is set on the idler bracket at the connection between the first and second idlers, and the third detection point is set on the idler bracket at the connection between the second and third idlers.

[0010] Optionally, in the detection system described above, the heat-conducting housing includes an optical cable receiving portion and a mounting portion. The temperature / vibration sensing optical cable is installed in the optical cable receiving portion in a straight line and wrapped with one or more turns, and is fixed by the mounting portion at the first detection point, the second detection point, the third detection point, and the fourth detection point.

[0011] Optionally, in the detection system described above, the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable is arranged in a straight line through the heat-conducting housing at the second and third detection points. The heat-conducting housing is constructed from a first strip plate and a second strip plate. The surface of the first strip plate has a long groove-shaped optical cable receiving portion along its length and first pin holes at both ends. The temperature / vibration sensing optical cable is arranged in the long groove-shaped optical cable receiving portion. The second strip plate has first pin shafts at both ends. During assembly, the first strip plate is pressed tightly against the roller bracket, and the second strip plate is inserted into the first pin holes through the first pin shafts, thereby installing the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable at the second and third detection points.

[0012] Optionally, in the detection system described above, the first strip is made of a metal thermally conductive material, and the second strip is made of a rubber thermally insulating material.

[0013] Optionally, in the detection system described above, the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable is arranged at the first detection point and the fourth detection point by wrapping it once through the heat-conducting housing. The heat-conducting housing consists of a third strip plate and a foldable optical cable receiving part. The two sides of the foldable optical cable receiving part are provided with second pin holes opposite to the two ends of the third strip plate. A circular groove is opened on the foldable optical cable receiving part. The temperature / vibration sensing optical cable is wrapped once in the circular groove. During assembly, the third strip plate is pressed tightly against the roller bracket, and the foldable optical cable receiving part is fixed at the first detection point and the fourth detection point by inserting the second pin into the second pin hole.

[0014] Optionally, in the detection system described above, the third strip plate is made of a metal thermally conductive material, and the foldable optical cable accommodating part is made of a rubber thermally insulating material.

[0015] Optionally, in the detection system described above, the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable is arranged at the first detection point and the fourth detection point by winding multiple turns through a heat-conducting housing. The heat-conducting housing consists of a fourth strip plate and a box-shaped optical cable receiving part. The box-shaped optical cable receiving part includes a box body and an optical cable winding cylinder. The optical cable winding cylinder is wound with multiple turns of temperature / vibration sensing optical cable and nested in the box body. The side of the optical cable winding cylinder and the two ends of the fourth strip plate are provided with third pin holes opposite to each other. During assembly, the fourth strip plate is pressed tightly against the roller bracket, and the box-shaped optical cable receiving part fixes the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable at the first detection point and the fourth detection point by inserting the third pin shaft into the third pin hole.

[0016] Optionally, in the detection system described above, the fourth strip plate and the optical cable winding cylinder are made of thermally conductive metal, and the box body is made of thermally insulating rubber.

[0017] Optionally, in the detection system described above, the fiber optic sensing detection system is continuously arranged along the belt conveying direction at the first detection point of each group of idler rollers via a temperature / vibration sensing optical cable, then folded back and continuously arranged along the opposite direction of belt conveying at the second detection point of each group of idler rollers, then folded back and continuously arranged along the belt conveying direction at the third detection point of each group of idler rollers, and finally folded back and continuously arranged along the opposite direction of belt conveying at the fourth detection point of each group of idler rollers.

[0018] Optionally, in the detection system described above, the fiber optic sensing detection system is continuously arranged along the belt conveying direction at the first, second, third, and fourth detection points of the previous set of idler roller assemblies via a temperature / vibration sensing optical cable, and then folded back to be arranged at the fourth detection point of the next set of idler roller assemblies.

[0019] Optionally, in the detection system described above, the fiber optic sensing detection system is arranged along the belt conveying direction by four temperature / vibration sensing optical cables. The first temperature / vibration sensing optical cable is continuously arranged at the first detection point of each group of idler rollers, the second temperature / vibration sensing optical cable is continuously arranged at the second detection point of each group of idler rollers, the third temperature / vibration sensing optical cable is continuously arranged at the third detection point of each group of idler rollers, and the fourth temperature / vibration sensing optical cable is continuously arranged at the fourth detection point of each group of idler rollers.

[0020] Optionally, in the detection system described above, the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable includes a temperature sensing optical fiber and a vibration sensing optical fiber, which are used to detect temperature data and vibration data, respectively.

[0021] Optionally, in the detection system described above, the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable is further provided with a reinforcing element and a protective structure. The reinforcing element is arranged on the central axis of the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable, and the protective structure covers the temperature sensing optical fiber, the vibration sensing optical fiber, and the reinforcing element.

[0022] Optionally, in the detection system described above, a structure in which five sets of temperature / vibration sensing optical cables are arranged side by side is adopted.

[0023] Optionally, in the detection system described above, the fiber optic sensor demodulator transmits the obtained temperature and vibration detection data to the fault sensing information database through a temperature / vibration parameter transfer model. The fault sensing information database performs matching analysis on the detection data and historical fault sensing information, and the intelligent fault identification system identifies the fault type based on the matching analysis results.

[0024] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a belt conveyor having any of the aforementioned detection systems.

[0025] Through the above technical solution, this invention sets up first, second, third, and fourth detection points in the idler connection area of ​​the idler assembly, and continuously distributes temperature / vibration sensing optical cables along the belt conveying direction at the detection points. This allows for continuous fault monitoring of the connection areas of the idler prone to failure. An appropriate heat-conducting shell structure is used to install the optical cables at the corresponding detection points for effective collection of idler temperature and vibration data. The components of the heat-conducting shell that fit against the idler bracket are made of metal heat-conducting material, which can better transfer the idler temperature / vibration to the optical cable, improving heat conduction efficiency. The components of the heat-conducting shell that cover the optical cable are made of rubber heat-insulating material, which can better prevent heat loss and improve the effectiveness of the optical cable in temperature detection. Arranging the optical cables in a U-shape, S-shape, or parallel straight line along the belt conveying direction through the detection points enables the detection of temperature changes and vibration in the connection area of ​​the idler assembly throughout the entire belt, thereby achieving long-distance, unmanned, continuous real-time monitoring of the conveyor. The temperature / vibration sensing optical cable integrates temperature and vibration sensing optical fibers, enabling dual-parameter monitoring of temperature and vibration through a single cable. This avoids false alarms or missed alarms, improving the reliability of the monitoring system. The fiber optic sensor demodulator processes the temperature and vibration data detected by the cable, and the intelligent fault identification system identifies the fault type for subsequent fault warning and handling, improving the reliability and intelligence of the system's detection and reducing maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The disclosure of this invention will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a belt conveyor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a set of idler roller assemblies provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the second detection point and the heat-conducting shell of the optical cable arranged in a straight line, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the first detection point and the heat-conducting shell in which the optical cable is arranged in a wrapped manner, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the fourth detection point and the heat-conducting shell in which the optical cable is arranged in a multi-turn winding manner, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 Three arrangement methods of temperature / vibration sensing optical cables provided in embodiments of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a temperature / vibration sensing optical cable provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Reference numerals: 1-Fiber optic sensing system; 11-Signaler; 12-Temperature / vibration sensing fiber optic cable; 121-Temperature fiber optic cable; 122-Vibration fiber optic cable; 123-Reinforcing element; 13-Heat-conducting housing; 131-First strip plate; 132-Second strip plate; 133-Third strip plate; 134-Foldable fiber optic cable holder; 135-Fourth strip plate; 136-Box-shaped fiber optic cable holder; 14-Fiber optic sensing demodulator; 15-Multiplexer;

[0035] 2-Belt conveyor; 21-Idler assembly; 211-First idler; 212-Second idler; 213-Third idler; 22-Idler bracket; 221-First detection point; 222-Second detection point; 223-Third detection point; 224-Fourth detection point; 23-Belt. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Referring to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, the structural composition, features, and advantages of the washing machine and its control method according to the present invention will be described by way of example below; however, all descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present invention in any way.

[0037] Furthermore, for any single technical feature described or implied in the embodiments mentioned herein, or any single technical feature shown or implied in the various figures, the present invention still allows for any combination or deletion of these technical features (or their equivalents) without any technical obstacle, and thus these further embodiments according to the present invention should also be considered within the scope of this description.

[0038] It should also be noted that the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," "third," or "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.

[0039] It should also be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship of the washing machine and water collection tank shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this disclosure.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a belt conveyor provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the belt conveyor 2 used for underground coal mine operations includes a belt 23 and multiple sets of idler roller assemblies 21 arranged side-by-side along the belt conveying direction. Each set of idler roller assemblies is arranged within a U-shaped idler roller bracket 22. A fiber optic sensing detection system 1, including a signal device 11, a temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12, a heat-conducting housing 13, and a fiber optic sensor demodulator 14, is also arranged along the belt conveyor 2. The temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 is arranged along the conveying direction of the belt conveyor 2, with one end connected to the signal device 11 and the other end connected to the fiber optic sensor demodulator 14. This temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 is continuously and distributed, passing through the detection points of each idler roller assembly 21 to detect the temperature and vibration data of the idler rollers. The specific arrangement of the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 will be discussed later. Figures 5-7 The details are explained in the text.

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a set of idler roller assemblies provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] like Figure 2 Each idler assembly 21 shown includes a first idler 211, a second idler 212, and a third idler 213. The first idler 211, the second idler 212, and the third idler 213 are sequentially fixed to the idler bracket 22 via idler shafts. The idler bracket 22 is constructed with two outer supports that are high and two middle supports that are low, forming a "U" shape in the vertical plane. The belt 23 is arranged along the conveying direction, adhering to the idler surface of each idler assembly.

[0044] During the material conveying process of belt conveyor 2, idlers are the main parts where mechanical failures occur. When idlers fail due to wear on the idler skin, wear on the idler bearings, or bending deformation, abnormal temperature and vibration parameters will occur. The connection points between idlers and the connection points between the idler shaft and the idler support are the main points of heat generation and vibration changes. In this embodiment, detection points are set at the connection points between idlers and the connection points between the idler shaft and the idler support.

[0045] A first detection point 221 is provided at the outer end of the shaft of the first idler roller 211, a second detection point 222 is provided at the connection between the first idler roller 211 and the second idler roller 212, a third detection point 223 is provided at the connection between the second idler roller 212 and the third idler roller 213, and a fourth detection point 224 is provided at the outer end of the shaft of the third idler roller 213.

[0046] In an optional embodiment, the first detection point 221 is set on the outer end roller bracket of the first roller 211 shaft, the fourth detection point 224 is set on the outer end roller bracket of the third roller 213 shaft, the second detection point 222 is set on the roller bracket at the connection between the first roller 211 and the second roller 212, and the third detection point 223 is set on the roller bracket at the connection between the second roller 212 and the third roller 213.

[0047] exist Figure 2 In this embodiment, heat-conducting housings 13 are respectively provided at the first detection point 221, the second detection point 222, the third detection point 223, and the fourth detection point 224 to detect the temperature and vibration data of the idler roller. By setting the first detection point 221, the second detection point 222, the third detection point 223, and the fourth detection point 224 in the areas where the idler roller is prone to failure, the optical cable can detect more accurate temperature and vibration data, and the location of the faulty idler roller can be more accurately determined based on the data.

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second detection point and the heat-conducting shell of the optical cable arranged in a straight line, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] like Figure 3 The heat-conducting housing shown is mounted on the middle support of the U-shaped idler roller bracket. The heat-conducting housing 13 includes a first strip plate 131 and a second strip plate 132, with a temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 arranged in a straight line between the first and second strip plates. The first strip plate 131 is elongated, with a long groove-shaped optical cable receiving portion along its length and first pin holes at both ends. The temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 is arranged within the long groove-shaped optical cable receiving portion. First pins are provided at both ends of the second strip plate. When assembling the first strip plate 131 and the second strip plate, the first strip plate 131 is flush against the idler roller bracket, and the second strip plate is inserted into the first pin holes via the first pins, thus installing the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 at the second detection point 222. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can select "bolts," "screw holes," or other fastening structures according to specific structural settings and assembly needs. Various changes or modifications made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In an optional embodiment, the first strip plate 131 is made of a metal thermally conductive material to increase the thermal conductivity of the roller bracket in transferring temperature to the optical cable, and the second strip plate is made of a rubber thermally insulating material to prevent heat loss from the first strip plate and the optical cable, which could lead to inaccurate temperature detection data.

[0050] In an optional embodiment, the heat-conducting housing 13, composed of the first strip plate 131 and the second strip plate 132, can be disposed at the second detection point 222 or the third detection point 223. The heat-conducting housing 13, composed of the first strip plate 131 and the second strip plate 132, has a long and narrow structure and occupies little space, making it suitable for installation in the narrow space at the second detection point 222 and the third detection point 223 at the bottom of the idler assembly. In this embodiment, the middle support of the U-shaped idler bracket is constructed into a trapezoidal structure, and the supports at the second detection point 222 and the third detection point 223 form a triangular space. The rotating shaft ends of the first idler and the second idler are mounted on the aforementioned triangle. The heat-conducting housing 13, composed of the first strip plate 131 and the second strip plate 132, is arranged within the aforementioned triangular space. Its internal space is small and generates a high amount of heat. Only a straight segment of the temperature / vibration optical cable needs to pass through this space to effectively detect the temperature and vibration data of the idler.

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first detection point and the heat-conducting shell in which the optical cable is arranged in a loop, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, to facilitate the rotation of the idler roller and the installation of the idler roller shaft, the two outer supports of the "U"-shaped idler roller bracket are provided with ends that are inclined inward at 15°~30°. One end of the first idler roller 211 shaft is installed on the ends, and the other end of the first idler roller 211 shaft is installed on the middle support of the aforementioned trapezoidal structure. The heat-conducting housing 13 includes a third strip plate 133 and a foldable optical cable receiving part 134. The folding angle of the foldable optical cable receiving part 134 matches the angle of the folding angle structure of the idler roller bracket's inwardly inclined end at 15°~30°. The two protruding structures at both ends of the foldable optical cable receiving part 134 in the lateral direction are provided with second pin holes opposite to the two ends of the third strip plate 133. A circular groove is opened on the foldable optical cable receiving part 134, and the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 is wound around one loop and arranged in the circular groove. When the heat-conducting housing 13 is assembled onto the roller bracket, the third strip plate 133 is tightly attached to the roller bracket, and the foldable optical cable receiving part 134 fixes the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 at the first detection point 221 by inserting the second pin into the second pin hole. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can select "bolts," "screw holes," or other fastening structures according to specific structural settings and assembly needs. Various changes or modifications made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] The foldable optical cable receiving portion 134 has a foldable structure that allows it to fit snugly against the end corner structure of the idler roller bracket, effectively collecting the heat generated by the idler roller on the idler roller bracket and conducting it to the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12. The arrangement of the optical cable wrapped around the circular groove in the receiving portion increases the contact area between the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 and the idler roller bracket, thereby improving heat transfer efficiency. In an optional embodiment, the third strip plate 133 can be made of a metal thermally conductive material to increase heat transfer efficiency, and the foldable optical cable receiving portion 134 can be made of a rubber thermally insulating material to prevent heat loss and inaccurate detection data.

[0054] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth detection point provided in an embodiment of the present invention and the heat-conducting shell in which the optical cable is arranged in a multi-turn winding manner.

[0055] like Figure 5 As shown, the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 is arranged at the fourth detection point 224 by winding multiple turns through the heat-conducting housing 13. The heat-conducting housing 13 consists of a fourth strip plate 135 and a box-shaped optical cable receiving part 136. The box-shaped optical cable receiving part 136 includes a box body and an optical cable winding cylinder. The temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 is wound multiple turns on the optical cable winding cylinder and nested in the box body. Third pin holes are provided on the side of the optical cable winding cylinder and at both ends of the fourth strip plate 135. During assembly, the fourth strip plate 135 is pressed tightly against the roller bracket, and the box-shaped optical cable receiving part 136 fixes the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 at the fourth detection point 224 by inserting the third pin shaft into the third pin hole. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can choose "bolts", "screw holes" or other fastening structures according to the specific structural settings and assembly needs. Various changes or modifications made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and essence of the present invention all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In an optional embodiment, the fourth strip plate 135 may be made of a metal thermally conductive material to increase the thermal conductivity, and the box body may be made of a rubber thermally insulating material to avoid heat loss that could lead to inaccurate temperature data measurement.

[0056] like Figure 5 The heat-conducting housing 13 shown and as Figure 4In optional embodiments, the heat-conducting housing 13 shown can be located at the first detection point 221 or the fourth detection point 224. There is sufficient space at the outer end of the idler support to accommodate the heat-conducting housing 13. Compared to the second detection point 222 and the third detection point 223, the idler generates less heat at the locations of the first detection point 221 and the fourth detection point 224. If heat loss is significant, it is difficult to detect accurate temperature data, requiring higher accuracy in heat acquisition. The foldable optical cable holder 134 and the optical cable winding cylinder can completely cover the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12, which has been wound one or more times, onto the idler support, increasing the contact area between the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 and the idler support, greatly reducing heat dissipation and improving thermal conductivity.

[0057] It should be noted that the structure or installation position of the heat-conducting housing 13 set at the first detection point 221, the second detection point 222, the third detection point 223 and the fourth detection point 224 as described above should not affect the normal rotation of the first idler roller 211, the second idler roller 212 and the third idler roller 213.

[0058] Figure 6 Three arrangement methods for temperature / vibration sensing optical cables provided in embodiments of the present invention; such as Figure 6 In embodiments 6(a) and 6(b), one optical fiber is arranged continuously along the detection points on the idler roller assembly 21. In the embodiment shown in 6(c), four optical fibers are arranged in a distributed manner along the detection points on the idler roller assembly. Figure 6 In the embodiment shown in (a), the fiber optic sensing detection system 1 is continuously arranged at the first detection point 221 of each group of idler roller assemblies 21 along the conveying direction of the belt 23 via a temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12, then folded back and continuously arranged at the second detection point 222 of each group of idler roller assemblies 21 along the opposite conveying direction of the belt 23, then folded back and continuously arranged at the third detection point 223 of each group of idler roller assemblies 21 along the opposite conveying direction of the belt 23, and finally folded back and continuously arranged at the fourth detection point 224 of each group of idler roller assemblies 21 along the opposite conveying direction of the belt 23. A signaler 11 is provided at one end of the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 to transmit optical signals. A fiber optic sensing demodulator 14 is provided at the other end of the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 to demodulate the collected temperature and vibration data.

[0059] exist Figure 6In the embodiment shown in (b), the fiber optic sensing detection system 1 is continuously arranged along the conveying direction of the belt 23 at the first detection point 221, the second detection point 222, the third detection point 223, and the fourth detection point 224 of the preceding set of idler roller assemblies 21 via a temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12, and then folded back to the fourth detection point 224 of the following set of idler roller assemblies 21. A signal transmitter 11 is provided at one end of the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 to transmit optical signals. A fiber optic sensing demodulator 14 is provided at the other end of the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 to demodulate the collected temperature and vibration data.

[0060] Through such Figure 6 (a) and Figure 6 (b) The arrangement of the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 in the two embodiments enables the optical fiber sensing detection system 1 to detect the temperature and vibration data changes of each major heat-generating end of the idler roller, thereby realizing continuous real-time monitoring of the belt conveyor 2.

[0061] exist Figure 6 In the embodiment shown in (c), the fiber optic sensing detection system 1 is arranged along the conveying direction of the belt 23 using four temperature / vibration sensing optical cables 12. The first temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 is continuously arranged at the first detection point 221 of each group of idler roller assemblies 21, the second temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 is continuously arranged at the second detection point 222 of each group of idler roller assemblies 21, the third temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 is continuously arranged at the third detection point 223 of each group of idler roller assemblies 21, and the fourth temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 is continuously arranged at the fourth detection point 224 of each group of idler roller assemblies 21. A signal transmitter 11 is provided at one end of each temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 to transmit an optical signal. The other ends of the four temperature / vibration sensing optical cables 12 are integrated and installed on a multiplexer 15 to integrate the optical signals input from the four temperature / vibration sensing optical cables into a single optical signal for output. An optical fiber sensor demodulator 14 is installed at the output of the multiplexer 15 to demodulate the temperature and vibration data collected from the four optical cables.

[0062] By arranging the temperature / vibration sensing optical cables 12 as described above, the fiber optic sensing detection system 1 can detect changes in temperature and vibration data at each major heat-generating end of the idler roller. The arrangement of four temperature / vibration sensing optical cables 12 also avoids the high maintenance and replacement costs associated with using only one long temperature / vibration optical cable.

[0063] Compared with manual or robotic inspection, the optical cable arrangement in the embodiments shown in 6(a), 6(b), and 6(c) can monitor the operating status of the belt conveyor 2 in real time, which greatly reduces the possibility of chain failures and greater economic losses caused by untimely fault detection.

[0064] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a temperature / vibration sensing optical cable provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] like Figure 7 As shown, the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable includes a temperature sensing fiber 121 and a vibration sensing fiber 122, capable of simultaneously detecting temperature and vibration data. A reinforcing element 123 is also provided at the central axis of the cable to enhance its structural strength and stability. Furthermore, a protective structure covers the temperature sensing fiber 121, vibration sensing fiber 12, and reinforcing element 123. Preferably, five sets of temperature / vibration sensing optical cables 12 can be arranged side-by-side, with an external protective structure covering them to strengthen the cable's structural strength and improve detection effectiveness. In other scenarios, the number and arrangement of the optical fibers and reinforcing elements in the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12 can be arbitrary, depending on factors such as thermal conductivity and maintenance costs in the specific working environment.

[0066] In optional embodiments, the internal structures may be arranged in pairs within the external protective structure, depending on the heat generation during roller operation, economic costs, or transportation environment. Alternatively, any number of other internal structures may be arranged in a suitable manner within the external protective structure to achieve optimal temperature and vibration data detection.

[0067] The fiber optic sensing detection system 1 operates as follows: the signal transmitter 11 emits an optical signal, which is transmitted to the fiber optic demodulator 14 after obtaining temperature and vibration data from the first detection point 221, the second detection point 222, the third detection point 223, and the fourth detection point 224 via the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12. The fiber optic demodulator 14 demodulates the signal into computer data and records it in the fault sensing information database.

[0068] In an optional embodiment, the computer collects and demodulates temperature and vibration detection data via temperature / vibration sensing optical cable 12, and transmits the detection data to a fault sensing information database. The fault sensing information database compares and matches real-time temperature and vibration data with historical fault sensing information to determine the current operating status of the belt conveyor 2. If the computer detects that the collected temperature and vibration data matches historical fault sensing information, the intelligent fault identification system identifies the fault type based on the matching analysis results and accurately locates the faulty idler roller, achieving rapid repair and early warning. The computer data model described is a common technology in the computer field and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0069] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of disclosure in this invention is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the above-described concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this invention.

Claims

1. A continuous distributed optical fiber sensing detection system (1) for detecting belt conveyors (2) used in underground coal mine operations, wherein the belt conveyor (2) includes a belt (23) and multiple sets of idler roller assemblies (21), each set of idler roller assemblies (21) consisting of a first idler roller (211), a second idler roller (212), and a third idler roller (213) connected end to end, arranged on a U-shaped idler roller bracket (22) in a vertical plane via idler roller shafts, wherein the belt (23) is arranged in contact with the surface of the idler rollers along the conveying direction of the belt (23), characterized in that, A first detection point (221) is provided at the outer end of the shaft of the first idler (211), a second detection point (222) is provided at the connection between the first idler (211) and the second idler (212), a third detection point (223) is provided at the connection between the second idler (212) and the third idler (213), and a fourth detection point (224) is provided at the outer end of the shaft of the third idler (213). The fiber optic sensing detection system (1) includes a signal generator (11), a temperature / vibration sensing optical cable (12), a heat-conducting housing (13), and a fiber optic sensing demodulator (14); the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable (12) is continuously distributed along the conveying direction of the belt (23) and is installed at the first detection point (221), the second detection point (222), the third detection point (223), and the fourth detection point (224) through the heat-conducting housing (13); The signal generator (11) generates an optical signal that flows through the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable (12) and is then processed by the fiber optic sensor demodulator (14) to obtain temperature and vibration detection data for each idler roller assembly (21) at the first detection point (221), the second detection point (222), the third detection point (223), and the fourth detection point (224). The fiber optic sensing detection system (1) is continuously arranged at the first detection point (221) of each group of idler roller assemblies (21) along the conveying direction of the belt (23) via a temperature / vibration sensing optical cable (12), then folded back and continuously arranged at the second detection point (222) of each group of idler roller assemblies (21) along the opposite conveying direction of the belt (23), then folded back and continuously arranged at the third detection point (223) of each group of idler roller assemblies (21) along the conveying direction of the belt (23), and then folded back and continuously arranged at the fourth detection point (224) of each group of idler roller assemblies (21) along the opposite conveying direction of the belt (23). The temperature / vibration sensing optical cable (12) includes a temperature sensing optical fiber (121) and a vibration sensing optical fiber (122), which are used to detect temperature data and vibration data, respectively. The temperature / vibration sensing optical cable (12) is further provided with a reinforcing element (123) and a protective structure. The reinforcing element (123) is arranged on the central axis of the temperature / vibration sensing optical cable (12), and the protective structure covers the temperature sensing optical fiber (121), the vibration sensing optical fiber (122), and the reinforcing element (123). Among them, five sets of temperature / vibration sensing optical cables (12) are arranged side by side, and the five sets of temperature / vibration sensing optical cables (12) are wrapped side by side by the protective structure. The heat-conducting housing (13) includes an optical cable receiving part and an installation part. The temperature / vibration sensing optical cable (12) is installed in the optical cable receiving part in a straight line or in a wrapped-around arrangement, and is fixed by the installation part at the first detection point (221), the second detection point (222), the third detection point (223) and the fourth detection point (224). The temperature / vibration sensing optical cable (12) is arranged in a straight line through the heat-conducting shell (13) at the second detection point (222) and the third detection point (223). The heat-conducting shell (13) is constructed from a first strip plate (131) and a second strip plate (132). The surface of the first strip plate (131) has a long groove-shaped optical cable receiving part along the length direction and a first pin hole at both ends. The temperature / vibration sensing optical cable (12) is arranged in the long groove-shaped optical cable receiving part. The second strip plate (132) has a first pin shaft at both ends. During assembly, the first strip plate (131) is pressed tightly against the roller bracket (22), and the second strip plate (132) is inserted into the first pin hole through the first pin shaft. The temperature / vibration sensing optical cable (12) is installed at the second detection point (222) and the third detection point (223). The first strip plate (131) is made of a metal thermally conductive material, and the second strip plate (132) is made of a rubber thermally insulating material. The intermediate support of the roller bracket (22) is constructed into a trapezoidal structure. The brackets at the second detection point (222) and the third detection point (223) form a triangular space. The rotating shaft ends of the first roller (211) and the second roller (212) are mounted on the triangle. The heat-conducting shell (13) formed by the first strip plate (131) and the second strip plate (132) is arranged in the triangular space. The temperature / vibration sensing optical cable (12) is arranged at the first detection point (221) and the fourth detection point (224) by winding it around the heat-conducting shell (13). The heat-conducting shell (13) is composed of a third strip plate (133) and a foldable optical cable receiving part (134). The two sides of the foldable optical cable receiving part (134) are provided with second pin holes opposite to the two ends of the third strip plate (133). A circular groove is opened on the foldable optical cable receiving part (134). The temperature / vibration sensing optical cable (12) is wound around the circular groove. During assembly, the third strip plate (133) is pressed tightly against the roller bracket (22). The foldable optical cable receiving part (134) is fixed at the first detection point (221) and the fourth detection point (224) by inserting the second pin into the second pin hole. The third strip plate (133) is made of a metal thermally conductive material, and the foldable optical cable accommodating part (134) is made of a rubber thermally insulating material. The two outer supports of the roller bracket (22) are provided with ends that are inclined inward at 15° to 30°, and the folding angle of the foldable optical cable accommodating part (134) matches the folding angle of the ends that are inclined inward at 15° to 30°.

2. The detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first detection point (221) is set on the roller bracket (22) at the outer end of the shaft of the first roller (211), the fourth detection point (224) is set on the roller bracket (22) at the outer end of the shaft of the third roller (213), the second detection point (222) is set on the roller bracket (22) at the connection between the first roller (211) and the second roller (212), and the third detection point (223) is set on the roller bracket (22) at the connection between the second roller (212) and the third roller (213).

3. The detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber optic sensor demodulator (14) transmits the obtained temperature and vibration detection data to the fault sensing information database through the temperature / vibration parameter transfer model. The fault sensing information database matches and analyzes the detection data with historical fault sensing information. The intelligent fault identification system identifies the fault type based on the matching analysis results.

4. A belt conveyor, characterized in that, The belt conveyor has a detection system as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

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