Energy storage device, aircraft ground air conditioning unit, system and control method thereof

Abstract

This application relates to an energy storage device, an aircraft ground air conditioning unit, a system, and a control method thereof. The energy storage device includes: an energy storage tank storing a refrigerant; a liquid supply pipeline connected at one end to the energy storage unit and at the other end to the energy storage tank, the liquid supply pipeline containing a refrigerant medium to facilitate heat exchange between the refrigerant and the refrigerant; an upstream branch and a downstream branch connected to the aircraft ground air conditioning unit and the energy storage tank, respectively; and a liquid collector connected at one end to the bottom of the energy storage tank and at the other end to the downstream branch. A temperature sensor is radially mounted on the liquid collector to detect the outlet temperature of the liquid collector. A variable frequency pump is mounted on the downstream branch to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant delivered to the aircraft ground air conditioning unit. This application fully utilizes low-priced electricity during off-peak hours, peak shaving and valley filling, balancing power load, maintaining grid security, saving electricity costs, and features a compact structure, high heat exchange efficiency, and reduced noise sources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of aircraft ground air conditioning technology, and in particular to an energy storage device, an aircraft ground air conditioning unit, a system and a control method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] The existing aircraft ground air conditioning units use 100% fresh air supply, resulting in a high electrical load and significant impact on the power grid, especially during peak hours when power outages can occur, leading to passenger complaints. Airports experience high daytime flight traffic, making daytime peak electricity demand periods with higher electricity prices than off-peak hours, resulting in higher operating costs. Furthermore, the electric heaters used as a heat source to heat the supply air are inefficient and increase the unit's size; the axial flow fans used as air-cooled condensers are noisy; the heat exchange efficiency of air-cooled heat exchangers is low, typically about half that of water-cooled heat exchangers; and the finned tube evaporators contribute to the unit's large size. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide an energy storage device, an aircraft ground air conditioning unit, a system and its control method, which makes full use of the low-priced electricity during the off-peak hours, peak shaving and valley filling, balances the power load, maintains grid security, saves electricity costs, and has a compact structure, reduces the size and volume of the aircraft ground air conditioning unit, has high heat exchange efficiency and reduces noise sources.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage device connected between an energy storage unit and an aircraft ground air conditioning unit. The energy storage device includes: an energy storage tank storing a refrigerant; a liquid supply pipeline connected at one end to the energy storage unit and at the other end to the energy storage tank, the liquid supply pipeline containing a refrigerant medium to allow the refrigerant medium to exchange heat with the refrigerant; an upstream branch and a downstream branch connected to the aircraft ground air conditioning unit and the energy storage tank, respectively; a liquid collector connected at one end to the bottom of the energy storage tank and at the other end to the downstream branch, the liquid collector having a temperature sensor radially disposed therefrom, the temperature sensor being used to detect the outlet temperature of the liquid collector to determine the operating mode of the energy storage unit; and a variable frequency pump disposed on the downstream branch, the variable frequency pump being used to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant delivered to the aircraft ground air conditioning unit according to the operating mode.

[0005] In one possible implementation, the liquid supply pipeline includes a high-level pipeline and a low-level pipeline. The high-level pipeline is located on the top side of the energy storage tank, and the low-level pipeline is located on the bottom side of the energy storage tank. When the energy storage unit is in heating mode, it supplies refrigerant to the heat exchanger through the high-level pipeline and recovers refrigerant from the heat exchanger through the low-level pipeline. When the energy storage unit is in cooling mode, it supplies refrigerant to the heat exchanger through the low-level pipeline and recovers refrigerant from the heat exchanger through the high-level pipeline.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the energy storage device further includes a heat exchanger arranged inside the energy storage tank and immersed in a refrigerant. The heat exchanger includes a plurality of serpentine tubes and a plurality of fins radially distributed along the serpentine tubes. The two ends of the serpentine tubes are respectively connected to a liquid supply line so that the cold medium can exchange heat with the refrigerant.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the energy storage tank is placed horizontally, with its length direction intersecting the extension direction of the serpentine tube.

[0008] In one possible implementation, there are multiple heat exchangers arranged side by side along the longitudinal direction of the energy storage tank.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the energy storage device further includes a level gauge connected to the energy storage tank via a pipeline, used to detect the liquid level of the refrigerant in the energy storage tank.

[0010] In one possible implementation, a shut-off valve is also provided radially on the liquid collector, located between the liquid collector and the downstream branch; a check valve is also provided between the variable frequency pump of the downstream branch and the aircraft ground air conditioning unit.

[0011] In one possible implementation, a filter is also provided in the downstream branch, located between the shut-off valve and the variable frequency pump, for filtering impurities in the refrigerant.

[0012] Secondly, this application also provides an aircraft ground air conditioning unit connected to the energy storage device described above. The aircraft ground air conditioning unit includes: a base; a frame disposed on the base, the frame having an air duct extending in a predetermined direction and an air inlet and an air outlet communicating with the air duct; a centrifugal fan disposed within the air duct of the frame; an air filter disposed on one side of the air inlet of the frame; a surface cooler disposed between the air filter and the centrifugal fan, the surface cooler including a cold source and a heat source for cooling or heating the air entering from the air inlet, the surface cooler communicating with a downstream branch of the energy storage device; a compressor located on both sides of the centrifugal fan and near the edge of the frame; a condenser disposed on the base and corresponding to the lower part of the air duct between the air filter and the surface cooler, one end of the condenser communicating with the surface cooler and the other end communicating with an upstream branch of the energy storage device, the condenser also communicating with the compressor; an evaporator disposed on the air outlet side of the centrifugal fan, the evaporator communicating with the compressor; and an electrical control box disposed on the air outlet side of the air duct for processing fresh air and providing fresh air to the cabin.

[0013] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide an aircraft ground air conditioning system, including: an aircraft ground air conditioning unit as described above, installed on the apron; an energy storage device as described above, installed in the basement of the apron, used to transfer, store and supply cold or heat sources; and an energy storage unit, installed in the basement of the apron, the energy storage unit being electrically connected to an electrical control box, used to select a cooling mode or a heating mode according to the operating conditions, so as to convert electrical energy into a cold or heat source.

[0014] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a control method for an aircraft ground air conditioning system as described above, comprising: determining whether the aircraft ground air conditioning unit is currently in a low-load period; if so, detecting the current ambient temperature T of the aircraft ground air conditioning unit. out Assume the heating temperature threshold is T. min The allowable temperature difference for heating is T1, the cooling temperature threshold is T max The allowable temperature difference for refrigeration is T2, if T out ≤T min - T1 or T out ≥T max + If T2 is detected, then the liquid level of the refrigerant in the energy storage device is checked; if the liquid level of the refrigerant is normal, then the outlet temperature T of the collector is checked. 集 Assuming the minimum set temperature is T1, the allowable temperature difference is ΔT1, and the maximum set temperature is T2, the allowable temperature difference is ΔT2. If T1 - ΔT1 ≤ T 集 ≤T1+ΔT1 or T2-ΔT2≤T 集 If T ≤ T2 + ΔT2, then return to the stop state; if T 集 If the above temperature range is not met, the energy storage unit will be controlled to enter either cooling or heating mode.

[0015] The energy storage device, aircraft ground air conditioning unit, system, and control method provided in this application connect the energy storage device between the energy storage unit and the aircraft ground air conditioning unit. The energy storage unit intelligently and accurately selects either cooling or heating energy storage operation mode based on load off-peak period judgment, ambient temperature detection, liquid level detection in the energy storage device, and liquid collector outlet temperature detection. This provides the energy storage device with a low-temperature or high-temperature refrigerant, which exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the energy storage device, thereby providing the required cooling or heating load to the aircraft ground air conditioning unit. This fully utilizes the low-priced electricity during off-peak periods, shaving off-peak loads, balancing power loads, and maintaining grid security. Because electricity prices are relatively low during off-peak periods, the system leverages the lower electricity prices during these periods. Energy storage effectively reduces the operating costs of aircraft ground air conditioning systems and saves on electricity expenses. Furthermore, the energy storage device can store both cold and heat sources, simultaneously providing more than 80% of the cooling or heating capacity required to handle fresh air loads to multiple aircraft ground air conditioning units. The aircraft ground air conditioning units utilize water-cooled surface coolers and water-cooled condensers, eliminating the need for electric heaters, thus improving heat exchange efficiency and achieving a high energy efficiency ratio, approximately 2.5 times that of comparable refrigerant systems. The absence of an air-cooled condenser eliminates the need for axial fans, avoiding this noise source, and centrifugal fan noise is also well shielded, reducing noise by approximately 5 dB. The aircraft ground air conditioning units are compact, small in size, and lightweight, reducing weight by approximately 30% and volume by approximately 35% compared to comparable refrigerant systems. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The features, advantages, and technical effects of exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same components are referred to by the same reference numerals. The drawings are not drawn to scale and are only used to illustrate relative positions. The layer thicknesses in some areas are exaggerated for ease of understanding; the layer thicknesses in the drawings do not represent actual layer thickness proportions.

[0017] Figure 1 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of an aircraft ground air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 2 This paper shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 3 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of an aircraft ground air conditioning unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the control method for an aircraft ground air conditioning system provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the structure of an aircraft ground air conditioning system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the aircraft ground air conditioning system provided in this application embodiment includes: an energy storage device 1, an energy storage unit 2, and an aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3. The energy storage device 1 is connected to the energy storage unit 2 and the aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3 through pipelines.

[0024] The aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3 is installed on the apron. The aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3 includes an electrical control box 38. The energy storage device 1 is installed in the basement of the apron. The energy storage device 1 is connected to the aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3 through pipes and is used to transfer, store and supply cold or heat sources. The energy storage unit 2 is installed in the basement of the apron. The energy storage unit 2 is electrically connected to the electrical control box 38 and is used to select the cooling mode or heating mode according to the operating conditions to convert electrical energy into a cold or heat source.

[0025] Energy storage unit 2 is a chiller (heater) unit capable of both cooling and heating. Based on factors such as load off-peak periods, ambient temperature, liquid level in energy storage device 1, and outlet temperature of the liquid collector 13, energy storage unit 2 can intelligently and accurately select its operating mode for either cooling or heating energy storage. During cooling, energy storage unit 2 can supply low-temperature liquid to energy storage device 1; during heating, it can supply high-temperature liquid. This allows for the utilization of low-cost electricity during off-peak periods, peak shaving and valley filling, balancing power load, maintaining grid security, and saving on electricity costs.

[0026] The specific structure of the energy storage device 1 provided in the embodiments of this application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application is shown.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, this application provides an energy storage device 1 connected between an energy storage unit 2 and an aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3. The energy storage device 1 includes: an energy storage tank 11, a liquid supply pipeline, an upstream branch 11C, a downstream branch 11D, and a liquid collector 13.

[0029] The energy storage tank 11 contains a refrigerant; one end of the liquid supply pipeline is connected to the energy storage unit 2, and the other end is connected to the energy storage tank 11. The liquid supply pipeline contains a refrigerant so that the refrigerant can exchange heat with the refrigerant; the upstream branch 11C and the downstream branch 11D are connected to the energy storage tank 11 and the aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3, respectively.

[0030] One end of the liquid collector 13 is connected to the bottom of the energy storage tank 11, and the other end is connected to the downstream branch 11D. A temperature sensor 130 is installed radially in the liquid collector 13 to detect the temperature of the refrigerant inside the liquid collector 13 in order to determine the operating mode of the energy storage unit 2. A variable frequency pump 14 is installed in the downstream branch 11D. The variable frequency pump 14 is used to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant delivered to the aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3 according to the operating mode.

[0031] In this embodiment, the refrigerant in the energy storage unit 2 can be any refrigerant, and the refrigerant in the energy storage tank 11 can be water, ethylene glycol, brine, etc. The refrigerant from the energy storage unit 2 enters the energy storage tank 11 through one end of the liquid supply pipeline and is recovered back into the energy storage unit 2 through the other end of the liquid supply pipeline. The refrigerant and the refrigerant are not in contact with each other; energy transfer occurs between them in the energy storage tank 11 to exchange heat between the refrigerant in the energy storage unit 2 and the refrigerant in the energy storage tank 11, and the heat is ultimately stored in the energy storage tank 11.

[0032] A liquid collector 13 is installed at the bottom of the energy storage tank 11 to prevent air bubbles from entering the variable frequency pump 14 and causing cavitation. The liquid collector 13 is connected to the aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3 via a downstream branch 11D. The variable frequency pump 14 is used to deliver power and precisely adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant according to the air supply temperature of the aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3 to match the cooling or heating load requirements of the aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3. The outlet temperature of the refrigerant in the liquid collector 13 determines whether the energy storage unit 2 operates in heating or cooling mode, which in turn indirectly determines the air supply temperature of the aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3.

[0033] Furthermore, the upstream branch 11C and the downstream branch 11D form a circulation loop between the energy storage device 1 and the aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3. The energy storage unit 2 controls the energy storage device 1 to operate in cooling mode or heating mode according to the cooling load or heating load demand of the aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3, thereby providing the corresponding cooling load or heating load to the aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3.

[0034] In some embodiments, the liquid supply pipeline includes a high-level pipeline 11A and a low-level pipeline 11B. The high-level pipeline 11A is located on the top side of the energy storage tank 11, and the low-level pipeline 11B is located on the bottom side of the energy storage tank 11. When the energy storage unit 2 is in heating mode, it supplies refrigerant to the heat exchanger 12 through the high-level pipeline 11A and recovers refrigerant from the heat exchanger 12 through the low-level pipeline 11B. When the energy storage unit 2 is in cooling mode, it supplies refrigerant to the heat exchanger 12 through the low-level pipeline 11B and recovers refrigerant from the heat exchanger 12 through the high-level pipeline 11A. A reversing valve is installed in the energy storage unit 2 to adjust the flow direction of the refrigerant as needed. The flow directions of the refrigerant in the high-level pipeline 11A and the low-level pipeline 11B correspond to different operating modes of the energy storage unit 2, thereby fully utilizing the thermal properties of the refrigerant and reducing flow resistance.

[0035] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 1 includes a heat exchanger 12, which is arranged inside the energy storage tank 11 and immersed in a refrigerant. The heat exchanger 12 includes a plurality of serpentine tubes 121 and a plurality of fins 122 radially distributed along the serpentine tubes 121. The two ends of the serpentine tubes 121 are respectively connected to the liquid supply pipeline so that the cold medium can exchange heat with the refrigerant.

[0036] In this embodiment, the heat exchanger 12 is completely immersed in the refrigerant in the energy storage tank 11. The two ends of the serpentine tube 121 are connected to the high-level pipeline 11A and the low-level pipeline 11B, respectively. The refrigerant transfers energy with the refrigerant in the energy storage tank 11 through the serpentine tube 121 and the heat transfer effect of multiple fins 122 radially distributed along the serpentine tube 121. The heat exchanger 12 adopts a structure combining fins and a serpentine tube, which can enhance the heat transfer coefficient, improve heat exchange efficiency, and reduce process losses.

[0037] In another alternative embodiment, the heat exchanger 12 may not be installed in the energy storage device 1. Instead, the liquid supply pipeline of the energy storage unit 2 can be connected in series by a serpentine tube 121 and multiple fins 122 radially distributed along the serpentine tube 121, resulting in a simpler structure.

[0038] In some embodiments, the energy storage tank 11 is placed horizontally, with its length direction intersecting the extension direction of the serpentine tube. This horizontal placement of the energy storage tank 11 reduces uneven temperature and density distribution of the refrigerant along its height, avoids stress generation, and improves reliability. Furthermore, the outer surface of the energy storage tank 11 is provided with a heat insulation layer to prevent heat or cold loss, thus contributing to energy conservation.

[0039] In some embodiments, there are multiple heat exchangers 12 arranged side by side along the longitudinal direction of the energy storage tank 11. This arrangement can further enhance the heat transfer coefficient, improve heat exchange efficiency, and reduce process losses.

[0040] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 1 further includes a level gauge 16, which is connected to the energy storage tank 11 via a pipeline. The level gauge 16 is used to detect the liquid level of the refrigerant in the energy storage tank 11. A level switch 17 is also provided on the pipeline. When the level switch 17 is open, the level gauge 16 can measure the liquid level of the refrigerant in the energy storage tank 11. If the liquid level is lower than the minimum allowable liquid level H... min Then, the variable frequency pump 14 needs to add refrigerant to the energy storage tank 11. If the liquid level is higher than the maximum allowable liquid level H, max If the variable frequency pump 14 needs to recover the reduced refrigerant from the energy storage tank 11, the liquid level of the refrigerant in the energy storage tank 11 will meet the operating requirements; otherwise, the energy storage unit 2 will be in a shutdown state.

[0041] In some embodiments, a shut-off valve 131 is also provided radially for the liquid collector 13, and the shut-off valve 131 is located between the liquid collector 13 and the downstream branch 11D; a check valve 132 is also provided between the variable frequency pump 14 of the downstream branch 11D and the aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3.

[0042] The gate valve 131 can be an angle gate valve, and there can be multiple gate valves 131. Correspondingly, there can be multiple downstream branches 11D, thereby enabling multi-channel liquid supply. The check valve 132 can serve as a shut-off valve to prevent backflow.

[0043] In some embodiments, the downstream branch 11D is also provided with a filter 15, which is located between the shut-off valve 131 and the variable frequency pump 14, and is used to filter impurities in the refrigerant to prevent impurities from clogging the heat exchanger 12.

[0044] In some embodiments, there are multiple upstream branches 11C and multiple downstream branches 11D, which can connect multiple aircraft ground air conditioning units 3 and provide cooling or heating loads to multiple aircraft ground air conditioning units 3. The energy storage device 1 can store both cold and heat sources, and can simultaneously provide more than 80% of the cooling or heating capacity required to handle fresh air loads to multiple aircraft ground air conditioning units 3.

[0045] In addition, a pressure gauge 18 is installed on a branch of the variable frequency pump 14 to detect the pressure of the variable frequency pump 14. A pressure gauge 18 is also installed on the energy storage tank 11 to detect the internal pressure of the energy storage tank 11.

[0046] It is understandable that each branch of the energy storage device 1 is also equipped with a shut-off valve 131, a safety valve 19, etc., to realize the switching control and safety control of each branch, which will not be elaborated further.

[0047] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates the structure of an aircraft ground air conditioning unit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, this application embodiment provides an aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3, which is connected to the energy storage device 1 as described above. The aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3 includes: a base 30, a frame 31, a centrifugal fan 32, an air filter 33, a surface cooler 34, a condenser 35, a compressor 36, an evaporator 37, and an electrical control box 38.

[0049] The frame 31 is mounted on the base 30. The frame 31 has an air duct extending in a preset direction and an air inlet F1 and an air outlet F2 connected to the air duct.

[0050] Centrifugal fan 32 is installed in the air duct of frame 31, air filter 33 is installed on the air inlet F1 side of frame 31, compressor 36 is located on both sides of centrifugal fan 32 and close to the edge of frame 31; evaporator 37 is installed on the air outlet side of centrifugal fan 32 and is connected to compressor 36.

[0051] The surface cooler 34 is disposed between the air filter 33 and the centrifugal fan 32. The surface cooler 34 includes a cold source (heat source) for cooling (heating) the air entering from the air inlet F1. The surface cooler 34 is connected to the downstream branch 11D of the energy storage device 1.

[0052] The condenser 35 is mounted on the base 30 and located below the air duct between the air filter 33 and the surface cooler 34. One end of the condenser 35 is connected to the surface cooler 34, and the other end is connected to the upstream branch 11C of the energy storage device 1. The condenser 35 is also connected to the compressor 36.

[0053] The electrical control box 38 is located on the side of the air outlet F2 of the air duct. The electrical control box 38 serves as the control center of the aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3, and is used to process fresh air and provide fresh air to the cabin.

[0054] In this embodiment, a first air duct W1 is formed between the air filter 33 and the surface cooler 34; a second air duct W2 and a third air duct W3 are formed between the surface cooler 34 and the centrifugal fan 32; and a fourth air duct W4 is formed between the centrifugal fan 32 and the evaporator 37. The centrifugal fan 32 is connected to the fourth air duct W4 via a flexible connector 39 to reduce air resistance and further reduce noise. A fifth air duct W5 is formed between the evaporator 37 and the electrical control box 38. Thus, the air filter 33, the first air duct W1, the surface cooler 34, the second air duct W2, the third air duct W3, the centrifugal fan 32, the flexible connector 39, the fourth air duct W4, the two-stage evaporator 37, and the fifth air duct W5 are sequentially connected to form air ducts for supplying fresh air to the cabin.

[0055] In addition, multiple electronic expansion valves are installed on the pipeline between compressor 36, evaporator 37 and condenser 35 to control the opening or closing of the pipeline, which will not be described in detail here.

[0056] Since the surface cooler 34 can cool (heat) the air entering from the air inlet F1, it has higher heat exchange efficiency and is more energy-saving than electric heaters or air-cooled heat exchangers in related technologies, achieving an energy efficiency ratio approximately 2.5 times that of a refrigerant system unit of the same specification. Optionally, the condenser 35 is placed horizontally. Since there is no air-cooled condenser, there is no need to install an axial fan, avoiding the influence of this noise source and also avoiding the problem of dirt blockage in the air-cooled condenser. Compared with air-cooled condensers and axial fans in related technologies, this reduces noise sources and lowers noise by approximately 5 dB. At the same time, the noise of the centrifugal fan 32 is also well shielded.

[0057] Optionally, two compressors 36 are located on both sides of the centrifugal fan 32 and close to the edge of the frame 31. The centrifugal fan 32 is a variable frequency centrifugal fan. There are two evaporators 37, which are arranged side by side. One compressor 36 is connected to one evaporator 37 to improve heat exchange efficiency. Compared with the related technology of arranging four-stage evaporators, one electric heater, and four condensers along both sides of the air duct, this method can greatly reduce the overall size and volume of the unit and reduce its weight. Compared with the same specification refrigerant system unit, the weight is reduced by about 30% and the volume is reduced by about 35%.

[0058] In addition, the aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3 is also equipped with a heat dissipation plate 3A, which is located on the side of the electrical control box 38 to dissipate heat from the electrical control box 38. A drip tray 3B is also provided below the surface cooler 34 and the evaporator 37 to collect condensate.

[0059] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the control method for an aircraft ground air conditioning system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0060] like Figure 4 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the control method for an aircraft ground air conditioning system includes the following steps S1 to S6.

[0061] Step S1: Determine whether the aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3 is currently in a low-load period;

[0062] During the off-peak load determination phase, the electrical control box 38 determines whether the current time is in an off-peak period and proceeds to the next step based on the determination result. Assuming the off-peak time interval is [t1, t2], this interval can be set according to the local airport's power load. For example, the off-peak time interval is usually set to [20:00, 8:00].

[0063] Step S2: If so, detect the current ambient temperature T of the aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3. out The current ambient temperature T outIt can be measured by the temperature sensor on the F1 side of the air inlet of the aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3.

[0064] Step S3: Assume the heating temperature threshold is T min The allowable temperature difference for heating is T1, the cooling temperature threshold is T max The allowable temperature difference for refrigeration is T2, if T out ≤T min - T1 or T out ≥T max + T2 is used to detect the liquid level of the refrigerant in the energy storage device 1;

[0065] When T out ≤T min - At time T1, it indicates that the current ambient temperature is low, requiring energy storage device 1 to provide heat load to the aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3. When T... out ≥T max + At time T2, it indicates that the current ambient temperature is high, requiring energy storage device 1 to provide cooling load to aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3. If aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3 is not in a low-load period at this moment, it will enter a shutdown state. If the current ambient temperature T out If the above temperature range is not met, the machine will enter a shutdown state.

[0066] Step S4: If the refrigerant level is normal, check the outlet temperature T of the collector 13 of the energy storage device 1. 集 ;

[0067] Assuming the liquid level of the refrigerant in the energy storage tank 11 is h, the minimum liquid level is Hmin, and the maximum liquid level is Hmax, when the detected liquid level meets the following condition: Hmin≤h≤Hmax, the liquid level is normal and enters the outlet temperature detection and judgment stage of the liquid collector 13; otherwise, it enters the refrigerant addition / reduction stage.

[0068] Step S5: Assume the minimum set temperature of the outlet of the liquid collector 13 is T1, with a temperature tolerance of ΔT1, and the maximum set temperature is T2, with a temperature tolerance of ΔT2. If T1 - ΔT1 ≤ T 集 ≤T1+ΔT1 or T2-ΔT2≤T 集 If the value is less than or equal to T2 + ΔT2, then the machine returns to the stop state.

[0069] Step S6: If T 集 If the above temperature conditions are not met, the energy storage unit 2 will be controlled to enter either cooling or heating mode.

[0070] When energy storage unit 2 is in heating mode, it supplies refrigerant to heat exchanger 12 through high-level pipe 11A and recovers refrigerant from heat exchanger 12 through low-level pipe 11B. Energy storage unit 1 provides heat load to aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3 through downstream branch 11D. When energy storage unit 2 is in cooling mode, it supplies refrigerant to heat exchanger 12 through low-level pipe 11B and recovers refrigerant from heat exchanger 12 through high-level pipe 11A. Energy storage unit 1 provides cooling load to aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3 through downstream branch 11D. Energy storage unit 2 is equipped with a reversing valve to adjust the flow direction of refrigerant as needed. The flow direction of refrigerant in high-level pipe 11A and low-level pipe 11B corresponds to different operating modes of energy storage unit 2, thereby making full use of the thermal properties of the refrigerant and reducing flow resistance.

[0071] The energy storage device 1, aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3, system, and control method provided in this application embodiment connect the energy storage device 1 between the energy storage unit 2 and the aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3. The energy storage unit 2 intelligently and accurately selects either cooling or heating energy storage operation mode based on load off-peak period judgment, ambient temperature detection, liquid level detection in the energy storage device, and liquid collector outlet temperature detection. This provides the energy storage device 1 with either a low-temperature or high-temperature refrigerant, which exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the energy storage device 1, thereby providing the required cooling or heating load to the aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3. This fully utilizes the low-priced electricity during off-peak periods, shaving off-peak loads, balancing power loads, and maintaining grid security. Since electricity prices are relatively low during off-peak periods, utilizing electricity stored during these periods effectively reduces the operating costs of the aircraft ground air conditioning system and saves on electricity expenses.

[0072] In addition, the energy storage device 1 can store both cold and heat sources, and can simultaneously provide more than 80% of the cooling or heating capacity required to handle fresh air loads to multiple aircraft ground air conditioning units 3. The aircraft ground air conditioning unit 3 adopts a water-cooled surface cooler and a water-cooled condenser, eliminating the need for an electric heater, which can improve heat exchange efficiency and achieve a high energy efficiency ratio, approximately 2.5 times that of a refrigerant system unit of the same specification. Since there is no air-cooled condenser, there is no need to install an axial flow fan, avoiding the influence of this noise source, and the noise of the centrifugal fan can also be well shielded, reducing noise by about 5dB. The aircraft ground air conditioning unit has a compact structure, small size, and light weight, reducing weight by about 30% and volume by about 35% compared to a refrigerant system unit of the same specification.

[0073] It should be noted that the terms "one embodiment," "embodiment," "exemplary embodiment," "some embodiments," etc., mentioned in the specification indicate that the described embodiment may include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes that specific feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Moreover, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments, whether explicitly described or not, is within the knowledge scope of those skilled in the art.

[0074] It should be readily understood that “on,” “above,” and “on top of” in this disclosure should be interpreted in the broadest manner, such that “on” means not only “directly on something” but also “on something” with an intermediate feature or layer therebetween, and that “above” or “on top of” means not only “on something” but also “on something” without an intermediate feature or layer therebetween (i.e., directly on something).

[0075] Furthermore, for ease of explanation, spatially relative terms such as "below," "below," "under," "above," and "above" may be used to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to other elements or features as shown in the figures. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation other than those shown in the figures. The device may have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptive terms used herein may be interpreted accordingly.

[0076] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that, The energy storage device is connected to the energy storage unit and the aircraft ground air conditioning unit via pipelines, respectively. The energy storage device includes: Energy storage tank, which stores refrigerant inside; The liquid supply pipeline is connected at one end to the energy storage unit and at the other end to the energy storage tank. The liquid supply pipeline contains a refrigerant so that the refrigerant can exchange heat with the refrigerant. The upstream and downstream branches are respectively connected to the aircraft ground air conditioning unit and the energy storage tank; and The liquid collector is connected at one end to the bottom of the energy storage tank and at the other end to the downstream branch. A temperature sensor is arranged radially on the liquid collector to detect the outlet temperature of the liquid collector in order to determine the operating mode of the energy storage unit. A variable frequency pump is arranged on the downstream branch to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant delivered to the aircraft ground air conditioning unit according to the operating mode. The liquid supply pipeline includes a high-level pipeline and a low-level pipeline. The high-level pipeline is located on the top side of the energy storage tank, and the low-level pipeline is located on the bottom side of the energy storage tank. When the energy storage unit is in heating mode, it supplies refrigerant to the energy storage tank through the high-level pipeline and recovers refrigerant from the energy storage tank through the low-level pipeline. When the energy storage unit is in cooling mode, it supplies refrigerant to the energy storage tank through the low-level pipeline and recovers refrigerant from the energy storage tank through the high-level pipeline.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a heat exchanger arranged inside the energy storage tank and immersed in the refrigerant. The heat exchanger includes multiple serpentine tubes and multiple fins distributed radially along the serpentine tubes. The two ends of the serpentine tubes are respectively connected to the liquid supply pipeline so that the cold medium can exchange heat with the refrigerant.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The energy storage tank is placed horizontally, and the length direction of the energy storage tank intersects with the extension direction of the serpentine tube.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The number of heat exchangers is multiple, and the multiple heat exchangers are arranged side by side along the longitudinal direction of the energy storage tank.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a level gauge, which is connected to the energy storage tank via a pipeline and is used to detect the liquid level of the refrigerant in the energy storage tank.

6. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A shut-off valve is also provided radially for the liquid collector, and the shut-off valve is located between the liquid collector and the downstream branch; a check valve is also provided between the variable frequency pump of the downstream branch and the aircraft ground air conditioning unit.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The downstream branch is also equipped with a filter, which is located between the shut-off valve and the variable frequency pump, and is used to filter impurities in the refrigerant.

8. An aircraft ground air conditioning unit, connected to the energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The aircraft ground air conditioning unit includes: Base; A frame is disposed on the base, the frame having an air duct extending in a preset direction and an air inlet and an air outlet communicating with the air duct. A centrifugal fan is installed inside the air duct of the frame; An air filter is disposed on the air inlet side of the frame; A surface cooler is disposed between the air filter and the centrifugal fan. The surface cooler includes a cold source and a heat source for cooling or heating the air entering from the air inlet. The surface cooler is connected to the downstream branch of the energy storage device. The compressor is located on both sides of the centrifugal fan and near the edge of the frame; A condenser is disposed on the base and located below the air duct between the air filter and the surface cooler. One end of the condenser is connected to the surface cooler, and the other end is connected to the upstream branch of the energy storage device. The condenser is also connected to the compressor. An evaporator is disposed on the outlet side of the centrifugal fan, and the evaporator is connected to the compressor; and The electrical control box, located on the air outlet side of the air duct, is used to process fresh air and supply fresh air to the cabin.

9. An aircraft ground air conditioning system, characterized in that, include: The aircraft ground air conditioning unit as described in claim 8 is installed on the tarmac; The energy storage device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is installed in the basement of the helipad, and the energy storage device is used to transfer, store and supply cold or heat sources; as well as An energy storage unit is installed in the basement of the helipad. The energy storage unit is electrically connected to the electrical control box and is used to select a cooling mode or a heating mode according to the operating conditions to convert electrical energy into a cold source or a heat source.

10. A control method for an aircraft ground air conditioning system as described in claim 9, characterized in that, include: Determine whether the aircraft's ground air conditioning units are currently in a period of low load. If so, then detect the current ambient temperature T of the aircraft ground air conditioning unit. out ; Assuming the heating temperature threshold is T min The allowable temperature difference for heating is T1, the cooling temperature threshold is T max The allowable temperature difference for refrigeration is T2, if T out ≤T min - T1 or T out ≥T max + T2 is used to detect the liquid level of the refrigerant in the energy storage device; If the refrigerant level is normal, then check the outlet temperature T of the collector. 集 ; Assuming the minimum set temperature of the liquid collector outlet is T1, the allowable temperature difference is ΔT1, and the maximum set temperature is T2, the allowable temperature difference is ΔT2. If T1 - ΔT1 ≤ T 集 ≤T1+ΔT1 or T2-ΔT2≤T 集 If the value is less than or equal to T2 + ΔT2, then the machine returns to the stop state. If T 集 If the above temperature range is not met, the energy storage unit will be controlled to enter either cooling or heating mode.

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