A method for resolving a source of blood lead

Abstract

The present application relates to a blood lead source analysis method, belonging to the technical field of environmental health, solving the problems of low efficiency and insufficient refinement of the existing blood lead tracing method. The method comprises: establishing a database; collecting blood samples of survey objects, and detecting blood lead isotope detection results; according to the characteristics of the survey objects in the survey object basic information database, extracting the environmental medium lead isotope concentration data and exposure contact data conforming to the characteristics of the survey objects from the database; according to the blood lead isotope detection results and the extracted environmental medium lead isotope concentration data conforming to the characteristics of the survey objects, three kinds of environmental media are screened out, and the overall contribution ratio of each kind of environmental medium screened out and the source contribution rate of small class environmental medium or exposure path are calculated. The method of the present application is high in efficiency and high in refinement degree.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental health technology, and in particular to a method for analyzing the sources of blood lead. Background Technology

[0002] Lead is a non-essential element for the human body, widely present in various environmental media and the food chain. It can accumulate in organisms and easily enters the body through the digestive tract, respiratory tract, and skin contact. Lead can have toxic effects on both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Furthermore, it affects the blood system, kidneys, cardiovascular system, endocrine system, immune system, gastrointestinal tract, and reproductive system. Studies have found that lead has an adverse effect on the intellectual development of infants and children. Blood lead is widely used as a biomarker of lead load in the human body; therefore, source tracing studies of blood lead are essential to better determine the sources of blood lead in the human body and provide more precise recommendations for source control in public health protection.

[0003] There are four lead isotopes in nature, namely: 204 Pb, 206 Pb, 207 Pb and 208 Fingerprints of lead (Pb), a stable lead isotope in the environment, are often used to trace natural and anthropogenic sources. Current methods for blood lead detection and tracing involve collecting blood samples from the surveyed population and environmental samples from their surroundings. The total lead content and lead isotope concentrations in both samples are measured. The total lead content in the blood is used to determine if the blood lead level exceeds the standard, while the similarity of the lead isotope concentration ratios between the blood and environmental samples is used to determine the source of the lead in the blood. This method has the following drawbacks: 1. The analysis results for blood lead sources are not comprehensive or detailed; 2. It requires extensive environmental monitoring, resulting in low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above analysis, the embodiments of the present invention aim to provide a method for analyzing the source of blood lead, in order to solve the problems of low efficiency and insufficient precision of existing methods for tracing the source of blood lead.

[0005] This invention provides a method for analyzing the source of blood lead, the method comprising:

[0006] Establish a database, which includes a blood lead limit database, an environmental lead isotope database, an environmental lead exposure database, and a basic information database of the survey subjects.

[0007] Blood samples were collected from the subjects of the investigation, and the blood lead isotope test results were obtained.

[0008] Based on the characteristics of the survey subjects in the basic information database of the survey subjects, lead isotope concentration data of environmental media that match the characteristics of the survey subjects are extracted from the lead isotope database of environmental media, and exposure exposure data that match the characteristics of the survey subjects are extracted from the lead exposure database of environmental media.

[0009] Based on the blood lead isotope test results and the extracted environmental media lead isotope concentration data that match the characteristics of the survey subjects, three environmental media were selected according to the similarity of lead isotope concentration ratio characteristics. An isotope ratio mixed analytical model was obtained, and the overall contribution ratio of each selected environmental media was calculated.

[0010] Based on the extracted exposure data that matches the characteristics of the survey subjects, a source contribution rate calculation model is obtained to calculate the source contribution rate of the sub-category of environmental media or exposure pathways of the three environmental media.

[0011] Preferably, the blood lead limit database includes blood lead concentration limit data stipulated by different countries or regions;

[0012] The environmental medium lead isotope database includes the concentration data of each lead isotope in different environmental media;

[0013] The environmental media lead exposure database includes exposure information data of different populations in different environmental media;

[0014] The basic information database of the survey subjects includes the basic information of the survey subjects, their activity areas, and surrounding environment data.

[0015] Preferably, in collecting blood samples from the subjects, peripheral blood samples are collected first, and the lead isotopes in the peripheral blood are detected. 204 Pb, 206 Pb, 207 Pb and 208 Using Pb concentration data, a total blood lead concentration calculation model is obtained to calculate the total blood lead concentration in peripheral blood. Based on the characteristics of the survey subjects, blood lead concentration limits that match the characteristics of the survey subjects are extracted from the blood lead limit database. The total blood lead concentration in peripheral blood is then identified as exceeding the limit. If it exceeds the limit, venous blood samples from the survey subjects are collected for retesting.

[0016] Preferably, in the blood lead concentration calculation model, the calculation formula is:

[0017]

[0018] Among them, C total This refers to the total blood lead concentration. for 204 The concentration of Pb, for206 The concentration of Pb, for 207 The concentration of Pb, for 208 The concentration of Pb.

[0019] Preferably, based on the activity area and surrounding environment of the survey subjects, lead isotope concentration data of environmental media that match the characteristics of the survey subjects are extracted from the environmental media lead isotope database; based on the basic information of the survey subjects, exposure contribution ratios that match the characteristics of the survey subjects are extracted from the environmental media lead exposure database.

[0020] Preferably, when there is no exposure contribution ratio data in the environmental lead exposure database, an environmental exposure level calculation model is obtained based on the selected environmental lead isotope concentration data that matches the characteristics of the survey subjects. The environmental exposure level is then calculated, and based on the environmental exposure level, an exposure contribution ratio calculation model is obtained to calculate the exposure contribution ratio (RSC). The calculation formula is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] Among them, RSC i For the contribution ratio of exposure to various environmental media, ADD i For each environmental medium exposure level, ∑ADD i This represents the sum of exposure levels to all environmental media.

[0023] Preferably, in the isotope ratio mixed analytical model, the calculation formula is:

[0024]

[0025]

[0026] 1 = P1 + P2 + P3 Equation (5);

[0027] in, and P1 represents the ratio of lead isotope concentrations in the blood, P2 represents the overall contribution ratio of the first environmental medium, P3 represents the overall contribution ratio of the second environmental medium, and P4 represents the overall contribution ratio of the third environmental medium.

[0028] Preferably, in the source contribution rate calculation model, the calculation formula is:

[0029]

[0030]

[0031]

[0032] Among them, Z fi Z represents the source contribution rate of the i-th subclass of environmental media or exposure pathway in the first type of environmental media. gi Z represents the source contribution rate of the i-th subclass of environmental media or exposure pathway in the second type of environmental media. hi Let P1 be the overall contribution rate of the first environmental medium, P2 be the overall contribution rate of the second environmental medium, and P3 be the overall contribution rate of the third environmental medium. The exposure contribution ratio of the i-th subclass of environmental media or exposure pathway in the first type of environmental medium. The exposure contribution ratio of the i-th subclass of environmental media or exposure pathway in the second type of environmental media. This represents the exposure contribution ratio of the i-th subclass of environmental media or exposure pathway within the third type of environmental medium, and

[0033] Preferably, the environmental media include drinking water, soil, dust, air, and food.

[0034] Preferably, the database further includes a health information database, which contains data on the health effects of different concentrations of lead in environmental media on different populations. The method further includes: extracting data on health effects from the health information database based on the obtained blood lead isotope detection results, and outputting the data on health effects; outputting source analysis results, including: the overall contribution ratios P1, P2, and P3 of the three environmental media, and the source contribution rate data Z of the i-th sub-category of environmental media or exposure pathway of the three environmental media. fi Z gi Z hi .

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0036] (1) This invention combines blood lead detection, source analysis and database to propose a whole-chain, whole-process blood lead source analysis method that includes source-exposure-blood lead. This method has strong operability and scalability, and provides a complete and systematic operable method system from detection to analysis. It can provide technical support for the rapid detection of human lead health risks and the identification of environmental factors that cause health risks, and provide scientific guidance for the formulation of heavy metal lead pollution prevention and control policies and the protection of human health.

[0037] (2) In the method of the present invention, the total amount of lead is calculated by lead isotope concentration, and only lead isotope detection is required; the method can be used to determine whether the total blood lead level exceeds the standard, and can also perform blood lead isotope analysis; the present invention introduces the actual exposure of the population to lead in the environmental medium into the source analysis process, and refines the environmental medium and / or exposure path to make the source analysis results more precise; at the same time, the present invention combines the blood lead source analysis process with the database, avoiding the drawback of having to carry out a large number of environmental tests for each source analysis in the prior art, and significantly improving the efficiency of source analysis.

[0038] (3) When collecting blood samples from the subjects of the survey, the present invention first collects easily accessible peripheral blood samples. If the blood lead level in the peripheral blood exceeds the standard, then venous blood samples are collected for retesting. This avoids collecting venous blood, which is more difficult to obtain, and can also achieve the accuracy of judging whether the blood lead level exceeds the standard.

[0039] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages may become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained from what is particularly pointed out in the description and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0040] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for analyzing the source of blood lead in this invention;

[0042] Figure 2 Flowchart for establishing a database and collecting information on survey subjects;

[0043] Figure 3 Flowchart for blood lead isotope testing;

[0044] Figure 4 Flowchart for the identification and analysis of elevated blood lead levels;

[0045] Figure 5 Flowchart for screening data on environmental media exposure and lead isotopes;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a flowchart for source analysis. Detailed Implementation

[0047] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0048] Existing blood lead detection and tracing methods have the following drawbacks: 1. Existing methods for analyzing the source of human blood lead use lead isotope tracing, which typically employs isotope ratios during the blood lead tracing process. 208 Pb / 206 Pb and 207 Pb / 206 The method of comparing Pb with isotope ratios in environmental media to determine its source only reflects the two-step process from source to result, ignoring the actual exposure process of the population. It does not consider the actual exposure of the population to lead in environmental media, that is, it does not consider the proportion of this type of environmental media actually encountered by the surveyed population in all the environmental media they are exposed to in their daily lives. The analysis results can only reflect the contribution of the source, and cannot give specific exposure behaviors or more detailed contributions of environmental media. 2. A large amount of environmental monitoring is needed for source analysis, and the efficiency of the analysis needs to be improved.

[0049] Therefore, this invention provides a method for analyzing the source of blood lead, such as... Figure 1-6 As shown, the method includes:

[0050] (1) Establishing a database: The database includes a blood lead limit database, an environmental lead isotope database, an environmental lead exposure database, and a basic information database of the survey subjects. The database may also include a health information database.

[0051] The database includes: a blood lead limit database containing blood lead concentration limits set by different countries or regions; a health information database containing data on the health effects of different concentrations of lead in environmental media on different populations; an environmental media lead isotope database containing concentration data of each lead isotope in different environmental media; an environmental media lead exposure database containing exposure information data for different populations in different environmental media; and a survey subject basic information database containing basic information, activity areas, and surrounding environmental data of the survey subjects.

[0052] Specifically, the blood lead limit database is used as a basis for determining whether blood lead levels exceed the standard. Blood lead concentration limit data can be collected by consulting literature and incorporated into the blood lead limit database based on the latest limit standards stipulated by different countries or regions. The blood lead concentration limit data is stored in the blood lead limit database according to different countries or regions.

[0053] The health information database is used to determine the health impact of lead pollution. It incorporates data on the health impact of lead pollution published by authoritative institutions and literature over the past decade. The health impact data caused by lead pollution includes the health effects on the population caused by lead in the environment, that is, what diseases will occur in the population after exposure to lead in the environmental medium, and the different health effects when the concentration of lead exposed is different. It includes not only data but also textual information, and is classified, statistically analyzed and stored according to the concentration of lead and the affected population.

[0054] The Environmental Media Lead Isotope Database and the Environmental Media Lead Exposure Database are used to analyze the sources of blood lead during source apportionment. The environmental media lead isotope concentration data in the Environmental Media Lead Isotope Database and the population lead exposure information in the Environmental Media Lead Exposure Database are based on large-scale national or local surveys, supplemented by smaller-scale studies, and include research results published by the state or in authoritative journals within the last decade. The Environmental Media Lead Exposure Database includes multiple subcategories of environmental media and multiple exposure pathways, which are stored under the broader categories. Specifically, the environmental media include drinking water, soil, dust, air, and diet; among the subcategories, drinking water includes surface water and groundwater, soil includes soil from construction sites and agricultural land, dust includes outdoor and indoor dust, air includes ambient air, indoor air, and air from traffic environments, and diet includes staple foods, vegetables, and fruits.

[0055] In this invention, the exposure information data in the environmental lead exposure database refers to the pathways and amounts of lead exposure in the population to environmental media, as well as the contribution ratio of different environmental media to the population's environmental lead exposure, indicating the exposure characteristics of the population. Specifically, the exposure information data includes exposure pathways, exposure concentrations, exposure amounts, exposure contribution ratios, and basic population characteristics. The basic population characteristics include gender, age, region, height, weight, etc., and the exposure pathways include: respiratory tract, digestive tract, and skin contact.

[0056] The basic information database of the survey subjects is used in the process of analyzing the source of blood lead poisoning to extract environmental lead isotope information and environmental lead exposure characteristics of the survey subjects based on the characteristics of their basic information data. Specifically, the basic information of the survey subjects includes age, gender, height, weight, occupation, and activity patterns over time; the activity areas of the survey subjects include their place of residence and daily activity range; the surrounding environment of the survey subjects includes the characteristics of surrounding factories and roads in their living or working areas. In the actual database system, an outlier detection system can be set up to ensure the accuracy of the basic information data of the survey subjects. For example, after the basic information is entered, outlier detection criteria are set for different basic information variables. If an outlier is encountered, the system returns to the data input stage and re-enters the outlier. Outlier detection is divided into two types: logical errors and unit errors. A logical error is like: a height of 2.8m, but actually 1.8m, indicating an error in the variable input, resulting in a logical inconsistency; a unit error is like: a weight of 180kg, but actually 180 jin, indicating an error in the unit of the variable input. After outlier identification and correction, the data is stored in the database to build a basic information database of the survey subjects.

[0057] In this invention, in order to improve the accuracy of source analysis, the data information in each database must be kept accurate. Therefore, the data information in the blood lead limit database, health information database, environmental media lead isotope database, and environmental media lead exposure database are updated as relevant standards and literature are updated, and the information in the basic information database of the survey subjects is updated as the survey subjects are different.

[0058] Specifically, such as Figure 2As shown, the database establishment includes data collection and data selection. During data collection and selection, data is searched through the internet or literature to include blood lead concentration limit data in the blood lead limit database, lead concentration data and its health effects in the health information database, lead isotope information in environmental media in the environmental media lead isotope database, and environmental media exposure information in the environmental media lead exposure database. Through data input, the basic information of the survey subjects (including basic information, activity area, and surrounding environment) is included in the survey subject basic information database. Outlier detection is set during the inclusion process, and after outlier detection and correction, the data is entered into the database, constructing the survey subject basic information database. In data management, the blood lead limit database and health information database are retrieved when determining whether blood lead levels exceed the limit and when analysis is needed. During subsequent source analysis, the health information database, environmental media lead isotope database, environmental media lead exposure database, and survey subject basic information database are retrieved. Similarly, when screening environmental media, the health information database, environmental media lead isotope database, environmental media lead exposure database, and survey subject basic information database are retrieved. Meanwhile, the source resolution results can be used for database data updates.

[0059] (2) Blood samples were collected from the subjects, and the blood lead isotope test results were obtained. The blood lead isotope test results included each lead isotope in the blood. 204 Pb, 206 Pb, 207 Pb and 208 Pb concentration data.

[0060] Specifically, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in the blood samples collected from the subjects, firstly, peripheral blood samples were collected from the subjects to detect each lead isotope in the peripheral blood. 204 Pb, 206 Pb, 207 Pb and 208For Pb concentration data, the method for detecting lead isotopes in blood can be a conventional method in the field, such as multi-channel receiving inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS), thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP-QMS), high-resolution sector magnetic field plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-SFMS), time-of-flight plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-TOP-MS), or other faster detection methods; obtain a blood lead concentration calculation model to calculate the total blood lead concentration in peripheral blood; based on the characteristics of the survey subjects, extract blood lead concentration limits that match the characteristics of the survey subjects from the blood lead limit database, identify whether the total blood lead concentration in peripheral blood exceeds the limit; if it does not exceed the limit, output the concentration data; if it exceeds the limit, collect venous blood samples from the survey subjects for retesting; if the retest result also exceeds the limit, output the concentration data. After blood lead isotope testing, the decision to perform blood lead source analysis can be made based on the actual situation. If no blood lead source analysis is performed, the total blood lead concentration is calculated based on the blood lead isotope data. This total blood lead concentration data is then combined with the aforementioned health information database to obtain data on the health impact, and the health results are output to the survey subject's result receiving terminal. If blood lead source analysis is performed, then the analysis is conducted. The decision to perform blood lead source analysis based on the actual situation refers to the choice made by professionals or the survey subject themselves.

[0061] In this invention, the calculation formula for the total blood lead concentration calculation model is as follows:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, C total This refers to the total blood lead concentration. for 204 The concentration of Pb, for 206 The concentration of Pb, for 207 The concentration of Pb, for 208 The concentration of Pb.

[0064] In existing technologies, venous blood samples are typically collected from the subjects of the study. However, venous blood collection is relatively difficult. Compared with existing technologies, this invention first collects easily obtainable capillary blood samples. If the capillary blood sample shows elevated lead levels, a venous blood sample is then collected for retesting to accurately determine the lead level. This approach minimizes the need for difficult-to-obtain venous blood samples while still achieving accurate assessment of lead levels. The capillary blood sample can be a fingertip blood sample.

[0065] In addition, in the existing technology, the judgment of excessive blood lead content and the analysis of blood lead isotopes are carried out separately, which is a repetitive and cumbersome process. In this invention, the total lead content is calculated by the lead isotope concentration, and only the lead isotope is detected. This method can be used to judge whether the total blood lead content exceeds the standard and to perform blood lead isotope analysis.

[0066] (3) Based on the selection of source analysis, according to the characteristics of the survey subjects in the basic information database of the survey subjects, extract the environmental medium lead isotope concentration data that conforms to the characteristics of the survey subjects from the environmental medium lead isotope database, and extract the exposure data that conforms to the characteristics of the survey subjects from the environmental medium lead exposure database.

[0067] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, based on the activity area and surrounding environment of the survey subjects, environmental lead isotope concentration data matching the characteristics of the survey subjects are extracted from the environmental lead isotope database. For example, if the activity area of ​​the survey subjects is Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, the selected results will be environmental lead isotope concentration data for Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province. If the database does not include Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, the results from the nearest region will be used as the selection results. Based on the selected activity area, and according to the basic information of the survey subjects, the exposure contribution ratio matching the characteristics of the survey subjects is extracted from the environmental lead exposure database. The environmental media extracted from the environmental lead isotope database correspond to the environmental media extracted from the environmental lead exposure database.

[0068] If the environmental lead exposure database does not contain exposure contribution ratio data, an environmental lead isotope concentration data matching the characteristics of the survey subjects is selected to obtain an environmental exposure level calculation model, calculate the environmental exposure level, and based on the environmental exposure level, obtain an exposure contribution ratio calculation model to calculate the exposure contribution ratio (RSC). The calculation formula is as follows:

[0069]

[0070] Among them, RSC i For the contribution ratio of exposure to various environmental media, ADD i For each environmental medium exposure level, ∑ADD i This represents the sum of exposure levels to all environmental media.

[0071] The Environmental Exposure Level (ADD) refers to the amount of exposure to environmental media. The definition of exposure varies for different environmental media, but generally it is the exposure level obtained by quantifying the cumulative lead concentration in the environmental media during the exposure period (calculated by equation (1)). The Environmental Exposure Level (ADD) can be obtained according to the conventional calculation model of exposure in this field. Since the definition of exposure varies for different environmental media, the calculation model of the Environmental Exposure Level will not be elaborated here.

[0072] (4) Based on the blood lead isotope detection results and the extracted environmental media lead isotope concentration data that match the characteristics of the survey subjects, three environmental media are selected according to the similarity of lead isotope concentration ratio characteristics. An isotope ratio mixed analytical model is obtained, and the overall contribution ratio of each selected environmental media is calculated. Based on the extracted exposure data that match the characteristics of the survey subjects, a source contribution rate calculation model is obtained, and the source contribution rate of the sub-category environmental media or exposure pathways of the three environmental media is calculated.

[0073] It should be noted that when the exposure data includes both sub-category environmental media and exposure pathways, the source contribution rate of each sub-category environmental media and each exposure pathway should be calculated.

[0074] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the ratio of lead isotope concentrations in the blood sample was calculated based on the obtained blood lead isotope detection results. 208 Pb / 206 Pb and 207 Pb / 206 Pb; Based on the extracted lead isotope concentration data of various environmental media that conform to the characteristics of the survey subjects, the lead isotope concentration ratio in each environmental medium was calculated. 208 Pb / 206 Pb and 207 Pb / 206 Pb; A preliminary analysis was conducted by comparing the lead isotope concentration ratio in blood with that in various environmental media to identify the three main sources of lead isotope concentrations in the environment that were closest to those in blood. A mixed analytical model for the isotope ratios was obtained, and the overall contribution ratio of each selected environmental medium was calculated. Based on the overall contribution ratio of each environmental medium, and according to the exposure data that matched the characteristics of the survey subjects, a source contribution rate calculation model was obtained to calculate the source contribution rate of the sub-categories of environmental media or exposure pathways of the three environmental media.

[0075] In this invention, the calculation formula in the isotope ratio mixing analytical model is as follows:

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] 1 = P1 + P2 + P3 Equation (5);

[0079] in, and P1 represents the ratio of lead isotope concentrations in the blood, P2 represents the overall contribution ratio of the first environmental medium, P3 represents the overall contribution ratio of the second environmental medium, and P4 represents the overall contribution ratio of the third environmental medium.

[0080] In this invention, the calculation formula for the source contribution rate calculation model is as follows:

[0081]

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] Among them, Z fi Z represents the source contribution rate of the i-th subclass of environmental media or exposure pathway in the first type of environmental media. gi Z represents the source contribution rate of the i-th subclass of environmental media or exposure pathway in the second type of environmental media. hi Let P1 be the overall contribution rate of the first environmental medium, P2 be the overall contribution rate of the second environmental medium, and P3 be the overall contribution rate of the third environmental medium. The exposure contribution ratio of the i-th subclass of environmental media or exposure pathway in the first type of environmental medium. The exposure contribution ratio of the i-th subclass of environmental media or exposure pathway in the second type of environmental media. This represents the exposure contribution ratio of the i-th subclass of environmental media or exposure pathway within the third type of environmental medium, and

[0085] The method of the present invention further includes: extracting data on health impacts from the health information database based on the obtained blood lead isotope detection results, and outputting the data on health impacts; outputting source analysis results, including: the overall contribution ratios P1, P2, and P3 of the three environmental media, and the source contribution rate data Z of the i-th subclass of environmental media or exposure pathway of the three environmental media. fi Z gi Z hi .

[0086] This invention combines blood lead detection, source analysis, and database analysis to propose a comprehensive, end-to-end method for analyzing the source of blood lead, from source to exposure to blood lead levels. This method is highly operable and scalable, providing a complete and systematic operational methodology from detection to analysis. It can provide technical support for the rapid detection of human lead health risks and the identification of environmental factors causing these risks, and offer scientific guidance for the formulation of policies to prevent and control heavy metal lead pollution and to protect public health. Furthermore, in the method of this invention, the total amount of lead is calculated through lead isotope concentration, requiring only lead isotope detection; this method can both determine if the total blood lead level exceeds the standard and perform blood lead isotope analysis; this invention incorporates the actual exposure of the population to lead in environmental media into the source analysis process, and each environmental media includes multiple subcategories of environmental media and multiple exposure pathways, refining the environmental media and exposure pathways to make the source analysis results more precise; at the same time, this invention combines the blood lead source analysis process with a database, avoiding the drawback of having to conduct a large number of environmental tests every time source analysis is performed in the prior art, significantly improving the efficiency of source analysis.

[0087] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes of the methods described in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium may be a disk, optical disk, read-only memory, or random access memory, etc.

[0088] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing the source of blood lead, characterized in that, The method includes: Establish a database, which includes a blood lead limit database, an environmental lead isotope database, an environmental lead exposure database, and a basic information database of the survey subjects. Blood samples were collected from the subjects of the investigation, and the blood lead isotope test results were obtained. Based on the characteristics of the survey subjects in the basic information database of the survey subjects, lead isotope concentration data of environmental media that match the characteristics of the survey subjects are extracted from the lead isotope database of environmental media, and exposure exposure data that match the characteristics of the survey subjects are extracted from the lead exposure database of environmental media. Based on the blood lead isotope test results and the extracted environmental media lead isotope concentration data that match the characteristics of the survey subjects, three environmental media were selected according to the similarity of lead isotope concentration ratio characteristics. An isotope ratio mixed analytical model was obtained, and the overall contribution ratio of each selected environmental media was calculated. Based on the extracted exposure data that matches the characteristics of the survey subjects, a source contribution rate calculation model is obtained to calculate the source contribution rate of the sub-category of environmental media or exposure pathways of the three environmental media.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The database, The blood lead limit database includes blood lead concentration limit data stipulated by different countries or regions; The environmental medium lead isotope database includes the concentration data of each lead isotope in different environmental media; The environmental media lead exposure database includes exposure information data of different populations in different environmental media; The basic information database of the survey subjects includes the basic information of the survey subjects, their activity areas, and surrounding environment data.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the blood sample collection from the subjects, first collect peripheral blood samples from the subjects, and then detect each lead isotope in the peripheral blood. 204 Pb, 206 Pb, 207 Pb and 208 Using Pb concentration data, a total blood lead concentration calculation model is obtained to calculate the total blood lead concentration in peripheral blood. Based on the characteristics of the survey subjects, blood lead concentration limits that match the characteristics of the survey subjects are extracted from the blood lead limit database. The total blood lead concentration in peripheral blood is then identified as exceeding the limit. If it exceeds the limit, venous blood samples from the survey subjects are collected for retesting.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The calculation formula in the blood lead concentration calculation model is as follows: Equation (1); in, This refers to the total blood lead concentration. for 204 The concentration of Pb, for 206 The concentration of Pb, for 207 The concentration of Pb, for 208 The concentration of Pb.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the activity area and surrounding environment of the survey subjects, lead isotope concentration data of environmental media that match the characteristics of the survey subjects were extracted from the environmental media lead isotope database; based on the basic information of the survey subjects, exposure contribution ratios that match the characteristics of the survey subjects were extracted from the environmental media lead exposure database.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the environmental lead exposure database lacks exposure contribution ratio data, an environmental exposure level calculation model is obtained based on the selected environmental lead isotope concentration data that matches the characteristics of the survey subjects. The environmental exposure level is then calculated, and based on this level, an exposure contribution ratio calculation model is obtained to calculate the exposure contribution ratio (RSC). The calculation formula is as follows: Equation (2); Among them, RSC i For the contribution ratio of exposure to various environmental media, ADD i For the exposure levels of various environmental media, This represents the sum of exposure levels to all environmental media.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the aforementioned isotope ratio mixed analytical model, the calculation formula is as follows: Equation (3); Equation (4); Equation (5); in, and P1 represents the ratio of lead isotope concentrations in the blood, P2 represents the overall contribution ratio of the first environmental medium, P3 represents the overall contribution ratio of the second environmental medium, and P4 represents the overall contribution ratio of the third environmental medium.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the contribution rate of a source is as follows: Equation (6); Equation (7); Equation (8); in, The contribution rate of the i-th subclass of environmental media or exposure pathway in the first type of environmental media. The contribution rate of the i-th subclass of environmental media or exposure pathway in the second type of environmental media. Let P1 be the overall contribution rate of the first environmental medium, P2 be the overall contribution rate of the second environmental medium, and P3 be the overall contribution rate of the third environmental medium. The exposure contribution ratio of the i-th subclass of environmental media or exposure pathway in the first type of environmental medium. The exposure contribution ratio of the i-th subclass of environmental media or exposure pathway in the second type of environmental media. This represents the exposure contribution ratio of the i-th subclass of environmental media or exposure pathway within the third type of environmental medium, and , , .

9. The method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The environmental media include drinking water, soil, dust, air, and food.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The database also includes a health information database, which contains data on the health effects of different concentrations of lead in environmental media on different populations. The method further includes: extracting data on health effects from the health information database based on the obtained blood lead isotope detection results, and outputting the data on health effects; outputting source analysis results, including: the overall contribution ratios P1, P2, and P3 of the three environmental media, and the source contribution rate data of the i-th sub-category of environmental media or exposure pathways for the three environmental media. , , .

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