Self-cooling photovoltaic shutter system with adaptive window and dual-mode operation control method

Abstract

The application discloses a self-cooling photovoltaic shutter system with an adaptive window and a double-mode operation control method. The system comprises a chain transmission structure and photovoltaic shutter modules. Each photovoltaic shutter module comprises a sky radiation refrigeration film, a phase change material, a shell, a thin-film solar cell panel and a framework. The phase change material is encapsulated in the shell, a transmission shaft passes through the middle of the wide and thick side of the shell and is fixed to the framework, the length direction and the width direction of the shell form two side surfaces, respectively, on which the thin-film solar cell panel and the sky radiation refrigeration film are attached, and the transmission shaft is driven to rotate by the chain transmission structure to realize the conversion of the photovoltaic shutter module between a PV mode and an RSC mode. The method comprises: whether to select an automatic mode, if yes, entering the automatic mode, and if no, entering a manual mode. The application has a simple structure, is independently arranged on a window, fully utilizes the building facade space and improves the photovoltaic coverage of the building. The method can realize the comprehensive adjustment of indoor lighting and photovoltaic power generation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a building device and an operation control method, in particular to a self-cooling photovoltaic shutter system and a dual-mode operation control method suitable for windows. BACKGROUND

[0002] Photovoltaic windows are one of the important forms of building facade photovoltaics. However, due to the low photoelectric conversion efficiency of existing photovoltaic modules, most of the solar energy is converted into heat and absorbed by the photovoltaic module, which significantly reduces the photovoltaic power generation efficiency. At the same time, due to the heat transfer from the high-temperature photovoltaic window to the indoor, it causes additional building summer cooling load, and the indoor radiation temperature field will also be affected to a certain extent. Therefore, it is necessary to study the heat management technology for building facade photovoltaic shutters.

[0003] CN115341839A relates to a hollow glass structure suitable for built-in shutters, which discloses that chain sprocket realizes the rotation of solar cell panel to realize the transmission of heat and light, but cannot realize the comprehensive adjustment of indoor lighting and photovoltaic power generation.

[0004] CN211342676U relates to a new solar power shutter, which discloses that chain sprocket realizes the synchronous rotation of the blade angle to realize the need for maintenance and automatic control, but cannot realize the comprehensive adjustment of indoor lighting and photovoltaic power generation. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a self-cooling photovoltaic shutter system and a dual-mode operation control method suitable for windows to overcome the prior art.

[0006] In one aspect, a self-cooling photovoltaic shutter mechanism suitable for windows is provided, which comprises a chain transmission structure; and a photovoltaic shutter module; the chain transmission structure is vertically arranged on both sides of the window frame facing the outdoor, and a plurality of photovoltaic shutter modules are arranged between the chain transmission structures on both sides; each photovoltaic shutter module comprises a sky radiation refrigeration film, a phase change material, a shell, a thin-film solar cell panel and a skeleton, the shell is a hollow plate structure, the phase change material is encapsulated in the shell, the skeleton is arranged in the shell and is fixedly connected with the shell, the transmission shaft passes through the middle of the thick side of the shell and is fixedly connected with the skeleton, the both ends of the transmission shaft are rotatably arranged in the window frame on both sides, the two side surfaces formed by the length direction and the width direction of the shell are respectively attached with the thin-film solar cell panel and the sky radiation refrigeration film, and the transmission shaft is driven to rotate by the chain transmission structure to realize the conversion of the photovoltaic shutter module between the PV mode and the RSC mode.

[0007] The system structure is simple, independent window setting, has good building adaptation, and is suitable for existing building modification; the building facade space is fully utilized, the photovoltaic coverage rate of the building is improved, and finally the renewable energy utilization rate is improved.

[0008] Further, the phase change material is paraffin wax.

[0009] Further, the thickness of the thin-film solar panel is micron level.

[0010] Further, the sky radiation cooling film is a multi-layer composite film composed of an outer layer of epoxy transparent resin, a middle layer of nano-silver, and a base layer of silicon dioxide, or the sky radiation cooling film 4-1 is a film composed of BaSO4 micro-nano particles and acrylic resin.

[0011] The application further provides a dual-mode operation control method of a self-cooling type photovoltaic shutter mechanism for an adapted window, which comprises the following steps

[0012] S1, whether to select an automatic mode, if yes, step S2 is performed; if no, step S3 is performed;

[0013] S2, if yes, enter the automatic mode, in the daytime PV automatic mode, the thin-film solar panel is turned outward with a turning angle of 0-90°, the photovoltaic power is positively correlated with the solar radiation intensity, the PV mode takes the solar radiation intensity as an input quantity and converts it into an electric signal, starts and adjusts the chain transmission structure, divides the solar radiation intensity range, different intensity ranges correspond to different turning angles of the transmission shaft, divides the daytime solar radiation intensity I s into three regions of 0-300 W / m 2 , 300-500 W / m 2 , and higher than 500 W / m 2 .

[0014] In the nighttime RSC automatic mode, the sky radiation cooling film is turned outward with a turning angle of 0-90°, in the RSC mode, the outdoor wind speed is taken as an input quantity and converted into an electric signal, starts and adjusts the chain transmission structure, divides the nighttime outdoor wind speed v into three wind speed regions of 0-0.5 m / s, 0.5-2 m / s, and higher than 2 m / s, different wind speed ranges correspond to different turning angles of the transmission shaft, wherein 0° corresponds to the photovoltaic shutter module being completely opened, and 90° corresponds to the photovoltaic shutter module being completely closed.

[0015] S3, if no, enter the manual mode, in the manual mode, the turning angle of the photovoltaic shutter module is 0-90°, wherein 0° corresponds to the photovoltaic shutter module being completely opened, and 90° corresponds to the photovoltaic shutter module being completely closed.

[0016] The method can reduce the daytime temperature of the photovoltaic assembly, improve the daytime power generation efficiency, weaken the heat transfer from the photovoltaic assembly to the indoor, improve the indoor thermal comfort, reduce the building load, and realize the comprehensive adjustment of indoor lighting and photovoltaic power generation.

[0017] Further, in the daytime PV automatic mode, I sIn the range of 0-300 W / m 2 The turning angle of the photovoltaic louver module becomes 45℃; the solar radiation intensity I s In the range of 300-500 W / m 2 The turning angle of the photovoltaic louver module becomes 60°; I s ≥500 W / m 2 The photovoltaic louver module is completely closed; in the night RSC automatic mode, when v is in the range of 0-0.5 m / s, the photovoltaic louver module is closed, when v is in the range of 0.5-2 m / s, the photovoltaic louver module is opened, and the turning angle of the photovoltaic louver module becomes 30°; when v≥2 m / s, the turning angle of the photovoltaic louver module becomes 45°.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present application compared with the prior art are:

[0019] Compared with the traditional photovoltaic louver, the present application has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. The self-cooling photovoltaic louver structure is independent of the window, has good building adaptability, and is suitable for existing building reconstruction.

[0021] 2. The thermal management module can realize passive cooling of the photovoltaic window during the day, improve the photovoltaic film daytime power generation performance, and does not need to add an additional active cooling system, and the system structure is simple.

[0022] 3. The thermal management module can weaken the heat transfer of the photovoltaic window to the indoor, and reduce the window surface temperature to a certain extent. Overcome the influence of the high temperature of the traditional photovoltaic window on the summer indoor cooling load and indoor temperature.

[0023] 4. The sky radiation cooling material can regenerate the thermal management module at night, and improve the daytime temperature control effect of the thermal management module.

[0024] 5. By controlling the inclination angle of the photovoltaic module, the daytime solar radiation heat gain of the indoor is adjusted, the building load is reduced, and the indoor daytime overheating caused by solar radiation is relieved. The transmission structure can realize free adjustment of the inclination angle of the photovoltaic module, and comprehensively balance the indoor lighting and photovoltaic power generation performance.

[0025] 6. Make full use of the building facade space, improve the photovoltaic coverage rate of the building, and finally improve the renewable energy utilization rate.

[0026] The technical solutions of the present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and examples: DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a self-cooling photovoltaic louver system adapted to a window of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a chain drive structure;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic louver module of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the shell structure;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view along line AA in the middle;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view along the BB line;

[0033] Figure 7 This is the main view of the photovoltaic louver module in RV mode;

[0034] Figure 8 This is the main view of the photovoltaic louver module in RSC mode;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the operating status of the photovoltaic louver module in RV mode.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the operating status of the photovoltaic louver module in RSC mode;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the operation control of a self-cooled photovoltaic louver module. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise stated, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a self-cooling photovoltaic louver mechanism adapted to a window includes a chain drive structure 1; and a photovoltaic louver module 4; the chain drive structure 1 is vertically arranged on both sides of the window frame 5 facing the outside, and multiple photovoltaic louver modules 4 are arranged between the chain drive structures 1 on both sides.

[0040] like Figures 3-6As shown, each photovoltaic louver module 4 includes a sky radiation cooling film 4-1, a phase change material 4-2, a housing 4-3, a thin-film solar panel 4-5, and a frame 4-6. The housing 4-3 is a hollow plate structure. The phase change material 4-2 is encapsulated inside the housing 4-3. The frame 4-6 is arranged inside the housing 4-3 and the two are fixedly connected. The drive shaft 2 passes through the middle of the wide and thick side of the housing 4-3 and is fixedly connected to the frame 4-6. The two ends of the drive shaft 2 are rotatably set on both sides inside the window frame. The two sides formed by the length and width directions of the housing 4-3 are respectively attached with the thin-film solar panel 4-5 and the sky radiation cooling film 4-1. The drive shaft 2 is driven to rotate by the chain drive structure 1 to realize the conversion between PV mode and RSC mode of the photovoltaic louver module 4.

[0041] In this embodiment, PV mode represents daytime photovoltaic mode, and RSC mode represents nighttime sky radiation cooling mode.

[0042] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are: the design of the chain drive structure 1 enables the drive shaft 2 and the photovoltaic louver module 4 on it to rotate together, thereby controlling the thin-film solar panel 4-5 to flip towards the outside or the sky radiation cooling film 4-1 to flip towards the outside. This achieves passive thermal management of the photovoltaic module during the day, maintaining a relatively stable surface temperature of the photovoltaic module, weakening heat transfer from the photovoltaic window to the room, and achieving the purpose of regenerating the thermal management material at night.

[0043] like Figures 7-8 As shown, specifically, this system utilizes thermal management materials to absorb unconverted solar energy from the photovoltaic film (thin-film solar panel 4-5) and maintains the surface temperature of the photovoltaic film (thin-film solar panel 4-5) within a reasonable range, thereby improving photovoltaic power generation efficiency to a certain extent. Furthermore, it employs passive cooling technology (sky radiation cooling film 4-1) to release the heat absorbed by the phase change material 4-2 during the day, achieving active regeneration of the phase change material 4-2.

[0044] By improving the indoor light and heat environment, thermal management materials not only control the temperature of the photovoltaic film (thin-film solar panel 4-5), but also reduce the radiant heat entering the room, thereby reducing the impact of the photovoltaic film on the indoor thermal environment. Furthermore, by balancing the power generation performance and indoor lighting performance of the photovoltaic window, a better balance between power generation and indoor natural light environment control can be achieved simultaneously.

[0045] Furthermore, the phase change temperature range of the phase change material 4-2 is [t+5, t+10], where t is the average summer temperature of the city, in °C.

[0046] In the embodiment 1, the phase change material 4-2 is paraffin wax. In order to prevent the phase change of the phase change material due to the excessively high ambient temperature, the phase change interval of the phase change material cannot be too low. Therefore, the phase change interval of the phase change material is determined according to the average temperature in summer in the local area. The phase change temperature range of the phase change material 4-2 is limited. The phase change material 4-2 is filled in the metal between the thin-film solar cell panel 4-5 and the sky radiation cooling film 4-1, and the thickness is controlled to be less than or equal to 1.0 cm.

[0047] In the embodiment 2, the sky radiation cooling film 4-1 is a multi-layer composite film composed of an outer layer of epoxy transparent resin, a middle layer of silver coating and a base layer of silicon dioxide. Preferably, the thickness of the outer layer of epoxy transparent resin is 50 μm, the thickness of the middle layer of nano-silver is 300 nm, and the thickness of the base layer of silicon dioxide is 500 μm.

[0048] Alternatively, the sky radiation cooling film 4-1 is a film composed of BaSO4 micro-nano particles and acrylic resin.

[0049] The sky radiation cooling material is in the form of a film. A thin adhesive layer with high thermal conductivity can be attached to the surface of the shell 4-3. The design requirements of the polymer are as follows: the emissivity of the sky radiation cooling film 4-1 in the wavelength range of 8-13 μm is greater than 0.9, the reflectivity in the wavelength range of 0.15-4 μm is greater than 0.9, the sky radiation cooling material has strong stability, and has certain strength, oxidation resistance and deliquescence resistance. The other aspects are the same as those in the embodiment 1.

[0050] In the embodiment 3, the shell 4-3 is made of a heat-conductive metal. In this embodiment, the shell 4-3 is made of a metal shell, which is made of aluminum or other metal with high thermal conductivity. The metal shell has the functions of preventing the leakage of the phase change material during the phase change, attaching the thin-film solar cell panel and the sky radiation cooling film, and has high thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance and certain oxidation resistance. The thickness of the metal shell is not more than 1 mm, and the structure size of the metal shell is 1 cm×5 cm×(L-2) cm, wherein L is the width of the window frame, cm; 2 cm is the width occupied by the chain, and the width of a single chain is 1 cm. The other aspects are the same as those in the embodiments 1 or 2.

[0051] In the embodiment 4, the framework 4-6 is made of copper wire or aluminum wire. In the present application, the framework 4-6 is made of copper wire or aluminum wire, which has the following two functions: first, strengthening the heat transfer effect of the phase change material layer; second, as a transmission structure between the bearing and the metal shell, the framework is connected with the bearing and the metal shell, and can drive the metal shell to rotate when the bearing rotates. The other aspects are the same as those in any one of the embodiments 1, 2 or 3.

[0052] Example 5, the thickness of the thin-film solar panel 4-5 is micron level. In this embodiment, the photovoltaic film uses a thin-film solar cell with a thickness of micron level, which can be an amorphous silicon solar cell, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is 15%-20%, and the size matches the surface of the metal shell. The rest is the same as any one of examples 1, 2, 3 or 4.

[0053] Example 6, the chain transmission structure in this embodiment uses existing technology, mainly including gear set, bearing, metal chain and motor. The bearing diameter can be made of stainless steel or other metals with a diameter of 3-6mm, which has certain rigidity and corrosion resistance, and the length of the transmission shaft 2 is L-1cm, L is the width of the window frame, the bearing is arranged at both ends of the transmission shaft, the same size gear is rotatably installed on the bearing, the gear 3 on the same side and the transmission gear on the motor 1-1 are connected by metal chain 1-2, and the rotation of the gear 3 is completed by driving the motor 1-1, thereby realizing the overturning of the photovoltaic shutter module 4, so as to realize the conversion and adjustment of the photovoltaic shutter module 4 between PV mode and RSC mode. The rest is the same as examples 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5.

[0054] Example 7, the self-cooling photovoltaic shutter module in any of the above embodiments is composed of a metal shell 4-3 with a thickness of 0.5mm, a chain transmission structure 1 (including gears, bearings, chains and motors, etc.), a metal framework 4-6; the main materials include: a thin-film solar panel 4-5 for realizing the PV function during the day, a phase change material layer composed of paraffin with a phase change interval of [t+5, t+10]℃, and a sky radiation refrigeration film 4-1 for realizing the RSC function at night. The specific manufacturing steps are as follows:

[0055] Assembly of the photovoltaic shutter module 4: the two metal plates in the metal shell for attaching the thin-film solar cell and the sky radiation refrigeration can be disassembled, and before assembly, first insert the bearing into the metal shell through the reserved insertion hole in the metal shell, then insert the metal framework into the reserved fixing groove in the transmission shaft, then fix one of the metal plates through the groove and the metal framework and connect it with the metal shell, then fill the phase change material into the metal shell, and finally fix the last metal plate through the groove and the metal framework, and complete the connection with the metal shell, and finally assemble the photovoltaic shutter module by pasting the thin-film solar panel 4-5 and the sky radiation refrigeration film 4-1 to the surface of the metal shell through high-thermal-conductivity adhesive.

[0056] As Figures 1-4As shown, the production of chain drive structure: connecting and fixing the gear 3 and the transmission shaft 2 through the bearing groove on the gear, and connecting the gear 3 on the same side of the photovoltaic louver module through the chain 1-2, connecting the upper end of the chain with the transmission gear of the motor 1-1, and after installation, the overall rotation of the photovoltaic louver module can be controlled by controlling the motor 1-1 and the controller. The same as examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0057] As Figures 7-11 shown, based on the above specific embodiments and any one embodiment, a dual-mode operation control method of a self-cooling photovoltaic louver mechanism for adapting to windows is also provided, which comprises the following steps:

[0058] S1, whether to select automatic mode, if yes, execute step S2; if no, execute step S3;

[0059] S2, if yes, enter automatic mode, the thin film solar cell panel is outward in the daytime PV automatic mode, the turning angle is 0-90°, the photovoltaic power is positively correlated with the solar radiation intensity, and the solar radiation intensity changes with time in a day, the PV mode converts the solar radiation intensity I s as an input quantity into an electrical signal, starts and adjusts the chain drive structure, divides the range of solar radiation intensity, different intensity ranges correspond to different rotation angles of the transmission shaft, through the investigation of the solar radiation intensity in typical cities in summer, the daytime radiation intensity in most cities can be higher than 500W / m 2 , and the solar radiation intensity in some cities can even reach more than 800W / m 2 , the daytime solar radiation intensity I s is divided into three regions of 0-300W / m 2 , 300-500W / m 2 and more than 500W / m 2 ;

[0060] In the night RSC automatic mode, the sky radiation cooling film is oriented outward, and the turning angle is 0-90°. In the RSC mode, the outdoor wind speed is taken as the input quantity and converted into an electrical signal to start and adjust the chain transmission structure 1. The night outdoor wind speed v is divided into three wind speed regions: 0-0.5 m / s, 0.5-2 m / s and higher than 2 m / s. Different wind speed ranges correspond to different transmission shaft turning angles. Among them, 0° corresponds to the complete opening of the photovoltaic louver module, and 90° corresponds to the complete closing of the photovoltaic louver module. It is slightly different from the daytime PV mode. Because the sky radiation cooling is greatly affected by the environment, when the outdoor atmospheric humidity is high, the photovoltaic louver module 4 cannot be cooled by sky radiation. Therefore, the RSC automatic mode is only applicable to clear or cloudy nights, but it still cannot adjust the outdoor wind speed, so the influence of the outdoor wind speed on the sky radiation cooling power cannot be eliminated, and only the louver turning angle can be adjusted to passively adapt to the outdoor environment.

[0061] S3, if no, enter manual mode. In the manual mode, the turning angle θ of the photovoltaic louver module is 0-90°. Among them, 0° corresponds to the complete opening of the photovoltaic louver module, and 90° corresponds to the complete closing of the photovoltaic louver module.

[0062] In the daytime PV automatic mode, I s is in the range of 0-300 W / m 2 , the turning angle θ of the photovoltaic louver module becomes 45°; I s is in the range of 300-500 W / m 2 , the turning angle θ of the photovoltaic louver module becomes 60°; I s ≥ 500 W / m 2 , the photovoltaic louver module is completely closed.

[0063] In the night RSC automatic mode, v is in the range of 0-0.5 m / s, the photovoltaic louver module is closed, v is in the range of 0.5-2 m / s, the photovoltaic louver module is opened, and the turning angle θ of the photovoltaic louver module becomes 30°; v ≥ 2 m / s, the turning angle θ of the photovoltaic louver module becomes 45°.

[0064] Further, in combination with Figure 7 and Figure 9 , it is explained that in the daytime PV mode, I s is in the range of 0-300 W / m 2 , the solar radiation is weak, and the photovoltaic power generation efficiency is low, so the photovoltaic louver turning angle θ is changed to 45° to reduce the incident angle of sunlight as much as possible and enhance the photovoltaic power generation efficiency. On the other hand, generally, when the solar radiation is weak, the environmental brightness is also small, so by opening the louver, the indoor solar scattering can be increased, thereby increasing the indoor environmental brightness.

[0065] I sAt 300-500W / m 2 Within this range, the louver rotation angle θ needs to be changed from 45° to 60°. This is because: on the one hand, generally speaking, the solar diffused radiation entering the room is already sufficient to meet the lighting requirements. As solar radiation increases, the solar radiation entering the room through the louvers increases, which will increase the indoor heat load. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the louver rotation angle and reduce the gap between the louvers to reduce the solar radiation entering the room. On the other hand, with the increase in solar radiation, it is necessary to increase the contact area between the louvers and sunlight to improve photovoltaic power.

[0066] I s ≥500W / m 2 Within this range, the photovoltaic louvers need to be completely closed, such as Figure 7 In the PV mode shown, due to the intense solar radiation, it is necessary to minimize the solar radiation entering the room and increase the area of ​​the photovoltaic louvers in contact with sunlight to ensure that the photovoltaic louvers can achieve maximum PV power.

[0067] Furthermore, combined Figure 8 and Figure 10 This indicates that in RSC mode, when the wind speed is within the range of 0-0.5 m / s, surface convection has little impact on sky radiation cooling. Closing the photovoltaic louvers can reduce the gaps between the louvers, thereby weakening the inhibitory effect of air convection on radiation cooling. On the other hand, it can achieve the maximum cooling area and improve the sky radiation cooling power.

[0068] Within the wind speed range of 0.5-2 m / s, the impact of surface air convection on sky radiation cannot be ignored. At this time, surface air flow will cause some sky radiation cooling loss, and this patent cannot reduce this loss, which will lead to a decrease in the total cooling capacity. Therefore, the photovoltaic louver module is turned on, and its flip angle is changed to θ to 30° to increase the air flow gap, enhance the air convection on the surface of the thin-film solar cell, and thus increase the air convection cooling capacity to reduce the total cooling capacity loss.

[0069] Within the wind speed range of v≥2m / s, surface air convection is strong and sky radiation cooling power is low. Changing the louver rotation angle θ to 45° is similar to the principle when v is within the wind speed range of 0.5-2m / s, thus further increasing the air convection cooling capacity.

[0070] In addition, for some severe weather conditions, a manual mode needs to be selected. The control strategy for the photovoltaic louvers in this mode is as follows:

[0071] When it rains or fogs outdoors, the outdoor temperature will drop. At this time, heat dissipation and cooling can be achieved by natural cooling or surface evaporation of rainwater.

[0072] In the night of outdoor environment is cloudy and atmospheric humidity is high, the sky radiation refrigeration power is low due to humidity, so the angle θ of the louver module is set to 45° by manual, and the air convection area is increased.

[0073] In the night of outdoor environment is sandy and hazy, the louver is closed by manual, and the louver module plays a role of blocking pollutants.

[0074] The present application has been disclosed in the preferred embodiments as above, however, not for limiting the present application, any skilled person in the art can make some changes or modifications to the equivalent embodiments within the scope of the present application without departing from the technical scheme of the present application, and all of them still belong to the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A self-cooling photovoltaic louver system adapted to windows, comprising a chain drive structure (1); characterized in that: It also includes photovoltaic louver modules (4); the chain drive structure (1) is arranged vertically on both sides of the window frame facing the outside, and multiple photovoltaic louver modules (4) are arranged between the chain drive structures (1) on both sides; each photovoltaic louver module (4) includes a sky radiation cooling film (4-1), a phase change material (4-2), a shell (4-3), a thin-film solar panel (4-5), and a frame (4-6); the shell (4-3) is a hollow plate structure, the phase change material (4-2) is encapsulated in the shell (4-3), and the frame (4-6) is... -6) is arranged inside the shell (4-3) and the two are fixedly connected. The drive shaft (2) passes through the middle of the wide and thick side of the shell (4-3) and is fixedly connected to the frame (4-6). The two ends of the drive shaft (2) are rotatably set on both sides inside the window frame. The two sides formed by the length direction and the width direction of the shell (4-3) are respectively attached with thin film solar panels (4-5) and sky radiation cooling film (4-1). The drive shaft (2) is driven to rotate by the chain drive structure (1) to realize the conversion of the photovoltaic louver module (4) between PV mode and RSC mode. The conversion methods between PV mode and RSC mode are as follows: S1. Do you want to select automatic mode? If yes, proceed to step S2; if no, proceed to step S3. S2. If so, enter automatic mode. In daytime PV automatic mode, the thin-film solar panels face outwards, with a rotation angle of 0-90°. Photovoltaic power is positively correlated with solar radiation intensity. PV mode uses solar radiation intensity as input and converts it into an electrical signal to activate and adjust the chain drive structure, dividing the solar radiation intensity range. Different intensity ranges correspond to different rotation angles of the drive shaft, thus controlling the daytime solar radiation intensity. Divided into 0-300 W / m 2 300-500 W / m 2 and above 500 W / m 2 Three zones; in the nighttime RSC automatic mode, the sky radiation cooling film faces outwards, with a flip angle of 0-90°. In RSC mode, the outdoor wind speed is used as the input and converted into an electrical signal to start and adjust the chain drive structure (1) to adjust the nighttime outdoor wind speed. The system is divided into three wind speed zones: 0-0.5 m / s, 0.5-2 m / s, and above 2 m / s. Different wind speed ranges correspond to different drive shaft rotation angles. 0° corresponds to the photovoltaic louver module being fully open, and 90° corresponds to the photovoltaic louver module being fully closed. S3. If not, enter manual mode. In manual mode, the photovoltaic louver module (4) is rotated at an angle of 0-90°. 0° corresponds to the photovoltaic louver module being fully open, and 90° corresponds to the photovoltaic louver module being fully closed.

2. The self-cooling photovoltaic louver system for adapting windows according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change temperature range of the phase change material (4-2) is [t+5, t+10], where t is the average summer temperature of the city, in °C.

3. The self-cooling photovoltaic louver system for adapting windows according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change material (4-2) is paraffin.

4. The self-cooling photovoltaic louver system for adapting windows according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the thin-film solar panel (4-5) is on the micrometer scale, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is 15%-20%.

5. The self-cooling photovoltaic louver system for adapting windows according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sky radiation cooling film (4-1) has an emissivity greater than 0.9 in the 8-13μm band and a reflectivity greater than 0.9 in the 0.15-4μm band.

6. The self-cooling photovoltaic louver system for adapting windows according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sky radiation cooling film (4-1) is a multilayer composite film composed of an epoxy transparent resin outer layer, a nano silver intermediate layer and a silicon dioxide substrate layer, or the sky radiation cooling film (4-1) is a film composed of BaSO4 micro-nano particles and acrylic resin.

7. The self-cooling photovoltaic louver system for adapting windows according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (4-3) is made of thermally conductive metal.

8. The self-cooling photovoltaic louver system for adapting windows according to claim 1, characterized in that: The skeleton (4-6) is made of copper or aluminum wire.

9. A dual-mode operation control method for a self-cooling photovoltaic louver system based on the adapter window described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The process includes the following steps: S1, whether to select automatic mode; if yes, proceed to step S2; if no, proceed to step S3. S2. If so, enter automatic mode. In daytime PV automatic mode, the thin-film solar panels face outwards, with a rotation angle of 0-90°. Photovoltaic power is positively correlated with solar radiation intensity. PV mode uses solar radiation intensity as input and converts it into an electrical signal to activate and adjust the chain drive structure, dividing the solar radiation intensity range. Different intensity ranges correspond to different rotation angles of the drive shaft, thus controlling the daytime solar radiation intensity. Divided into 0-300 W / m 2 300-500 W / m 2 and above 500 W / m 2 Three zones; in nighttime RSC automatic mode, the sky radiation cooling film faces outwards, with a rotation angle of 0-90°. In RSC mode, the outdoor wind speed is used as the input and converted into an electrical signal to activate and adjust the chain drive structure, thereby controlling the nighttime outdoor wind speed. The system is divided into three wind speed zones: 0-0.5 m / s, 0.5-2 m / s, and above 2 m / s. Different wind speed ranges correspond to different drive shaft rotation angles. Among them, 0° corresponds to the photovoltaic louver module being fully open, and 90° corresponds to the photovoltaic louver module being fully closed; S3. If not, enter manual mode. In manual mode, the photovoltaic louver module (4) is rotated at an angle of 0-90°. 0° corresponds to the photovoltaic louver module being fully open, and 90° corresponds to the photovoltaic louver module being fully closed.

10. The dual-mode operation control method for a self-cooling photovoltaic louver system with an adaptable window according to claim 9, characterized in that: Daytime PV automatic mode In 0-300 W / m 2 Within the range, the flip angle (θ) of the photovoltaic louver module (4) becomes 45°; solar radiation intensity In 300-500 W / m 2 Within the range, the flip angle (θ) of the photovoltaic louver module becomes 60°; ≥500 W / m 2 At that time, the photovoltaic louver module is completely shut off; In nighttime RSC automatic mode, Within the range of 0-0.5 m / s, the photovoltaic louver module is turned off. Within the range of 0.5-2 m / s, when the photovoltaic louver module is turned on, the angle (θ) of the photovoltaic louver module (4) flips to 30°; When the speed is ≥2 m / s, the angle (θ) at which the photovoltaic louver module flips becomes 45°.

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