An agrochemical composition

Abstract

This invention relates to an agricultural chemical composition comprising an active ingredient (A) a compound of formula I and (B) fludioxonil and (C) one of metalaxyl, cymoxanil, or difenoconazole. The invention also relates to the use of said agricultural chemical composition for controlling soil-borne pathogenic fungi and / or pests by seed treatment or soil application. (Formula I).

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the applicant’s patent application filed on September 30, 2019, with patent number “2019109413159” and patent title “An Agricultural Chemical Composition”. Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to an agricultural chemical composition; and more particularly to the use of the composition to control plant pathogenic fungi and / or pests by seed treatment or soil application. Background Technology

[0003] The active compounds of Formula I are known from WO2007 / 144100.

[0004]

[0005] (Formula I)

[0006] Plant seeds, roots, and shoots are constantly threatened by leaf and soil insects, as well as other harmful organisms and / or plant pathogenic fungi, making them the most vulnerable link in crop growth. When plant seeds, roots, and shoots are eaten by pests or infected by pathogens, resulting in diseased or dead seedlings, the effective number of plants per unit area will be reduced, leading to large-scale yield reduction and quality decline.

[0007] Methods for controlling soil-borne pathogenic fungi and / or pests through seed treatment, and for protecting the roots and shoots of resulting plants from harmful fungal pathogens and / or leaf insects, have long been known and continuously improved. However, seed treatment also brings a number of problems that are not always satisfactorily addressed. Therefore, there is a need to develop methods for protecting seeds and germinating plants that eliminate the need for additional application of crop protection products after planting or germination. Furthermore, it is necessary to optimize the amount of active compounds used to provide optimal protection for seeds and germinating plants.

[0008] Controlling soil-borne pathogenic fungi and / or pests through soil application is a long-established and continuously evolving research method. However, soil application methods can present several challenges. Agricultural compounds are not always particularly well-suited for different soil application methods, such as infiltration, drip application, soaking, or soil injection. In some cases, their pesticide activity may be affected. Some soil-applied agricultural compositions may also have leachable properties. Therefore, careful consideration must be given to minimizing surface and groundwater contamination during application. Furthermore, pesticide efficacy can vary depending on environmental conditions.

[0009] Repeated and exclusive application of a single agricultural compound can, in many cases, lead to the rapid selection of harmful pathogens or pests that develop natural or adaptive resistance to the active compound used.

[0010] Therefore, the problem faced by agricultural growers is that seeds and plant roots and shoots are constantly threatened by harmful pathogens and / or pests.

[0011] In cases where soil-borne pathogenic fungi and / or pests occur in combination, or where resistance has already developed to currently known products or there is a risk of developing resistance, there is a need to seek a more effective method of control or prevention. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of this invention is to provide an agricultural chemical composition that addresses the above-mentioned shortcomings, providing improved biological properties such as synergistic properties when fungi and / or pests are prone to occur in combination, particularly in controlling plant pathogenic fungi and / or pests in useful plants grown from treated plant propagation material; reducing dosage rate, increasing activity spectrum, and controlling resistance to harmful pathogens and / or pests.

[0013] An agricultural chemical composition is achieved by the following technical solution: This invention provides an agricultural chemical composition containing an active ingredient.

[0014] (A) Formula I compound

[0015] and

[0016] (B) Fludioxonil

[0017] and

[0018] (C) One of metalaxyl, methyl metalaxyl, or difenoconazole.

[0019] The agricultural chemical composition described in this invention has a synergistic effect, which greatly improves the control effect of plant pathogenic fungi and / or pests.

[0020] The agricultural chemical composition of the present invention has a weight ratio of active components to achieve a synergistic effect, wherein the weight ratio of component (A) to component (B) or component (C) is 60:1-1:60, preferably 60:1-1:30; more preferably 60:1-1:10; more preferably 60:1-1:5; more preferably 60:1-1:1; more preferably 50:1-1:1; more preferably 40:1-1:1; more preferably 30:1-1:1; more preferably 30:1-5:1; more preferably 30:1-10:1; and the weight ratio of component (B) to component (C) is 20:1-1:20; more preferably 10:1-1:10; and more preferably 5:1-1:5.

[0021] Preferably, the present invention provides an agricultural chemical composition containing an active ingredient.

[0022] (A) Formula I compound

[0023] and

[0024] (B) Fludioxonil

[0025] and

[0026] (C) Metalaxyl or Metalaxyl-M

[0027] The weight ratio of component (A) to component (B) or component (C) is 60:1-1:60, preferably 60:1-1:30; even more preferably 60:1-1:10; even more preferably 60:1-1:5; even more preferably 60:1-1:1; even more preferably 50:1-1:1; even more preferably 40:1-1:1; even more preferably 30:1-1:1, even more preferably 30:1-5:1, even more preferably 30:1-10:1; the weight ratio of component (B) to component (C) is 20:1-1:20; even more preferably 10:1-1:10; even more preferably 5:1-1:5.

[0028] Preferably, the present invention provides an agricultural chemical composition containing an active ingredient.

[0029] (A) Formula I compound

[0030] and

[0031] (B) Fludioxonil

[0032] and

[0033] (C) Diphenoxymethylconazole.

[0034] The weight ratio of component (A) to component (B) or component (C) is 60:1-1:60, preferably 60:1-1:30; even more preferably 60:1-1:10; even more preferably 60:1-1:5; even more preferably 60:1-1:1; even more preferably 50:1-1:1; even more preferably 40:1-1:1; even more preferably 30:1-1:1; even more preferably 30:1-5:1; even more preferably 30:1-10:1; the weight ratio of component (B) to component (C) is 20:1-1:20; even more preferably 10:1-1:10; even more preferably 5:1-1:5.

[0035] The term "composition" as used in this invention refers to various combinations of components (A), (B), or (C), such as combinations in the following forms: a single "premixed" form; a spray mixture of a combination consisting of individual formulations of a single active compound, such as a "tank mix"; and a combination of individual active ingredients applied sequentially, i.e., applied one after another over a reasonably short period of time, such as hours or days.

[0036] An agricultural chemical composition comprising an active component (A), a component (B), and a component (C), a surfactant, and / or a filler.

[0037] An agricultural chemical composition comprising an active ingredient (A), a component (B), and a component (C), wherein the total amount of the active ingredient comprises 1%-90% by weight of the composition, preferably 5%-80%, more preferably 5%-70%, even more preferably 5%-60%, more preferably 5%-50%, and even more preferably 10%-40%.

[0038] The agricultural chemical composition can be in liquid or solid form; preferably in liquid form.

[0039] The aforementioned agricultural chemical composition is formulated as emulsifiable concentrate, aqueous suspension, oil suspension, seed treatment dry powder, seed treatment solution, seed treatment emulsion, suspension seed coating agent, water-dispersible granules, wettable powder, suspension emulsion, atomizing agent, coated granules, extruded granules, water emulsion, microcapsule suspension, microcapsule suspension-suspension, oil-based suspension, dry suspension, ultra-low volume liquid, electrostatic oil, gel, granules, and microparticles.

[0040] The agrochemical compositions of the present invention may optionally contain agronomically acceptable surfactants and / or fillers, etc. Preferably, the auxiliary components are one or a mixture of dispersants, wetting agents, antifreeze agents, thickeners, defoamers, disintegrants, binders, and auxiliary carriers.

[0041] According to the present invention, the term "filler" refers to a natural or synthetic organic or inorganic compound that can be combined or combined with an active compound to make it easier to apply to an object (e.g., a plant, crop, or grass). Therefore, the filler is preferably inert and should at least be agronomically acceptable. The filler may be a solid or a liquid.

[0042] The inactive filler used in this invention can be either solid or liquid.

[0043] Examples of solid fillers that can be used include: plant powders (such as soybean flour, starch, grain flour, wood flour, bark powder, sawdust, walnut shell powder, bran, cellulose powder, coconut shell, corn cob and tobacco stem granules, residues after extracting plant essences, etc.), clays (such as kaolin, saponin, acidic porcelain clay, etc.), talc, silica (such as diatomaceous earth, silica sand, mica, hydrated silicic acid, calcium silicate), activated carbon, natural minerals (pumice, palygorskite and zeolite, etc.), and fired diatomaceous earth.

[0044] Materials that can be used as liquid fillers include, for example, water, isopropanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, ethyl acetate, methyl oleate, amides, lactams (such as N-methylpyrrolidone), dimethyl sulfoxide, mineral and vegetable oils, etc.

[0045] Surfactants suitable for application in this invention may include, for example, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ethers, polyoxyethylene higher fatty acid esters, phosphate esters of polyoxyethylene alcohols or phenols, fatty acid esters of polyols, naphthalene sulfonic acid polymers, lignin sulfonates, branched copolymers of polymeric combs, butyl naphthalene sulfonates, alkyl aryl sulfonates, sodium alkyl sulfosuccinate, oils, fatty alcohols and ethylene oxide condensates, polyacrylates of alkyl taurates, protein hydrolysates, suitable oligosaccharides or polymers, for example based on a single ethylene monomer, acrylic acid, polyoxyethylene and / or polyoxypropylene, or a combination thereof with, for example, (poly)ols or (poly)amines.

[0046] To disperse, stabilize, and adhere the active ingredient compounds, auxiliary agents such as xanthan gum, magnesium aluminum silicate, gelatin, starch, cellulose methyl ether, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, and natural phospholipids (such as cephalin and lecithin), as well as synthetic phospholipids, bentonite, and sodium lignosulfonate can be used.

[0047] Antifreeze agents can include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, and sorbitol. For antiflocculation in suspended products, additives such as naphthalene sulfonic acid polymers and polyphosphates can be used. For defoaming, silicone defoamers can be used. To improve the flowability of solid products, additives such as paraffin wax, stearates, and alkyl phosphates can be used.

[0048] Colorants that can be used include inorganic pigments such as iron oxide, titanium dioxide, and Prussian blue; organic pigments / dyes such as alizarin dyes, azo dyes, and metallic phthalocyanine dyes; and trace elements such as iron salts, manganese salts, boron salts, copper salts, cobalt salts, molybdenum salts, and zinc salts.

[0049] Optionally, it may also contain other additional components, such as protective colloids, adhesives, thickeners, thixotropic agents, penetrants, stabilizers, and masking agents.

[0050] The agricultural chemical compositions provided by this invention are suitable for combating soil-harmful pathogenic fungi and / or pests. In particular, the agricultural chemical compositions of this invention are easy to apply and provide a long-lasting effect against soil-harmful pathogenic fungi and / or pests.

[0051] The agricultural chemical composition of the present invention is also suitable for treating seeds to protect them from harmful pathogenic fungi and / or pests, especially soil-borne pathogenic fungi and / or pests, and to protect the roots and shoots of the resulting plants from soil-borne pathogenic fungi and / or pests and leaf insects.

[0052] Therefore, the present invention also provides the use of the aforementioned agricultural chemical composition for controlling soil-borne pathogenic fungi and / or pests through seed treatment methods.

[0053] Therefore, the present invention also provides the use of the aforementioned agricultural chemical composition for controlling soil-borne pathogenic fungi and / or pests by means of soil application.

[0054] The agricultural chemical composition of this invention has a synergistic effect, greatly improving the control efficacy against plant pathogenic fungi and / or pests. An agricultural chemical composition that, when fungi and / or pests readily co-occur, provides improved biological properties such as synergistic properties, particularly in controlling plant pathogenic fungi and / or pests in useful plants grown from treated plant propagation material; reducing dosage rates, increasing the activity spectrum, and managing resistance to harmful pathogens and / or pests. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments:

[0056] This invention provides an agricultural chemical composition containing an active ingredient.

[0057] (A) Formula I compound

[0058] and

[0059] (B) Fludioxonil

[0060] and

[0061] (C) Metalaxyl or Metalaxyl-M

[0062] The weight ratio of component (A) to component (B) or component (C) is 60:1-1:60, preferably 60:1-1:30; even more preferably 60:1-1:10; even more preferably 60:1-1:5; even more preferably 60:1-1:1; even more preferably 50:1-1:1; even more preferably 40:1-1:1; even more preferably 30:1-1:1, even more preferably 30:1-5:1, even more preferably 30:1-10:1; the weight ratio of component (B) to component (C) is 20:1-1:20; even more preferably 10:1-1:10; even more preferably 5:1-1:5.

[0063] Preferably, the present invention provides an agricultural chemical composition containing an active ingredient.

[0064] (A) Formula I compound

[0065] and

[0066] (B) Fludioxonil

[0067] and

[0068] (C) Diphenoxymethylconazole.

[0069] The weight ratio of component (A) to component (B) or component (C) is 60:1-1:60, preferably 60:1-1:30; even more preferably 60:1-1:10; even more preferably 60:1-1:5; even more preferably 60:1-1:1; even more preferably 50:1-1:1; even more preferably 40:1-1:1; even more preferably 30:1-1:1; even more preferably 30:1-5:1; even more preferably 30:1-10:1; the weight ratio of component (B) to component (C) is 20:1-1:20; even more preferably 10:1-1:10; even more preferably 5:1-1:5.

[0070] An agricultural chemical composition comprising an active ingredient (A), a component (B), and a component (C), wherein the total amount of the active ingredient comprises 1%-90% by weight of the composition, preferably 5%-80%, more preferably 5%-70%, even more preferably 5%-60%, more preferably 5%-50%, and even more preferably 10%-40%.

[0071] The aforementioned agricultural chemical composition is formulated as emulsifiable concentrate, aqueous suspension, oil suspension, seed treatment dry powder, seed treatment solution, seed treatment emulsion, suspension seed coating agent, water-dispersible granules, wettable powder, suspension emulsion, atomizing agent, coated granules, extruded granules, water emulsion, microcapsule suspension, microcapsule suspension-suspension, oil-based suspension, dry suspension, ultra-low volume liquid, electrostatic oil, gel, granules, and microparticles.

[0072] The aforementioned agricultural chemical composition is used to control harmful soil pathogenic fungi and / or pests through seed treatment methods.

[0073] The agricultural chemical composition is used to control soil-borne pathogenic fungi and / or harmful organisms by means of soil application.

[0074] A method for protecting seeds includes contacting the seeds with the said agricultural chemical composition before sowing and / or after germination.

[0075] A method for controlling soil-borne pathogenic fungi and / or harmful organisms includes applying the agricultural chemical composition to the soil before, after, or before and after seed germination and / or directly to the soil in contact with plant roots or soil suitable for plant growth.

[0076] A method for protecting seeds, seedling roots and branches from soil and leaf insect infestation, comprising contacting the seeds with the effective amount of the agricultural chemical composition before sowing and / or after germination.

[0077] The agricultural chemical composition of the present invention is suitable for pests including, for example, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Homoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Thysanoptera, and other pests.

[0078] Lepidoptera pests: Pyralidae, such as the rice stem borer (chilosuppressalis (walker), rice leaf roller (Tryporyza incertulas (walker)), rice leaf roller (cnaphalocrocismedinalis Guenee), cabbage leaf borer (hellullaundalis), and peach borer (conogethespunctiferlis); Pieridae, such as the cabbage white butterfly (Pieris). (rapae), Citrus Swallowtail (papilioxuthus), White-faced Butterfly (pierisrapaecrucivora), Straight-striped Rice Skipper (parnaraguttata); Arctiidae such as the American White Moth (hyphantriacunea); Noctuidae such as the Prickly-spotted Armyworm (trichoplusiani), Cabbage Armyworm (mamestrabrassicae), Beet Armyworm (spodopteraexigua), Spodopteral Itura, Cotton Bollworm (helicoverpaarmigera), Oriental Armyworm (Pseudaletia separate), Cutworm (Agrotis) ipsilon; Tortricidae such as tea leafroller (adoxophyes oranafasciata), apricot leafroller (archipsfuscocureanus), tea long leafroller (homonamagnanima); Plutellidae such as diamondback moth (plutellaxylotella); Gelechiidae such as cotton bollworm (pectinophoragossypiella), pink bollworm, cutworm (Agrotisypsilon).

[0079] Coleoptera pests, such as: rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzaelinne), citrus leaf miner (Podagricomelanigricollis Che), corn weevil (S. zeamails), grain weevil (S. granarius), large ape leaf beetle (Cabbageleaf beetle), small ape leaf beetle (Daikon leaf beele), flea beetle (flea beetle), grape flea beetle (Altica chalybea), striped flea beetle (phyllotretastriolata), cucumber flea beetle (Epitrix cucumeris), tobacco flea beetle (Ehirtipennis), eggplant flea beetle (E. fuscula), cucumber beetle (Aula cophora ndica (Gemlin)), mustard leaf beetle (Phaedon cochleariae), rice water weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus), Callosobruchuyschienensis, yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor), and corn root leaf beetle (Diabrotica). The species include: virgiferavirgifera, cucumber beetle (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi), green beetle (Anomalacuprea), red copper beetle (Anomala rufocuprea), yellow striped flea beetle (Phyllotreta striolata), cucumber beetle (Aulacophora femoralis), potato beetle (Leptinotarsa ​​decemlineata), rice leaf beetle (Oulema oryzae), bostrychidae, and longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae), grubs (Holotrichiadiomphalia Bates), and wireworms (Elateridae).

[0080] Diptera, for example, genera such as *Aedes* spp., *Anopheles* spp., *Bibio hortulanus*, *Calliphora erythrocephala*, *Ceratitis capitata*, *Chrysomyia* spp., *Cochliomyia* spp., *Cordylobia anthropophaga*, *Culex* spp., *Cuterebra* spp., *Dacus oleae*, *Dermatobia hominis*, *Drosophila* spp., *Fannia* spp., *Gastrophilus* spp., *Hylemyia* spp., *Hypoderma* spp., and *Liriomyza*. spp.), Lucilia spp., Muscaspp., Nezara spp., Oestrus spp., Oscinella frit, Pegomyia hyoscyami, Phorbia spp., Stomoxys spp., Tabanus spp., Tannia spp., Tipula paludosa, Wohlfahrtias pp.

[0081] Heteroptera, for example, the pumpkin-footed bug (Anasa tristis), the genus *Antestiopsis*, the genus *Blissus*, the genus *Calocoris*, *Campylomma livida*, the genus *Cavelerius*, the genus *Cimex*, *Creontiadesdilutus*, the pepper-footed bug (Dasynus piperis), *Dichelops furcatus*, the thick-necked lace bug (Diconocorishewetti), the genus *Dysdercus*, the genus *Euschistus*, the genus *Eurygaster*, and *Heliopeltis*. spp., Horciasnobilellus, Leptocorisaspp., Leptoglossus phyllopus, Lygus spp., Macropes excavatus, Miridae, Nezara Amyot et Serville, Piesmaquadrata, Piezodorus spp., Psallus seriatus, Pseudacystapersea, Rhodnius spp., Sahlbergella singularis, Scotinophora spp., Stephanitis nashi, Tibraca spp., Triatoma spp.

[0082] Homoptera, for example, genera *Acyrthosipon* spp., *Aeneolamias* spp., *Agonoscena* spp., *Aleurolobus barodensis*, *Aleurothrixus* spp., *Amrasca* spp., *Anuraphis cardui*, *Aonidiella* spp., *Aphanostigma piri*, *Aphis* spp., *Arboridia apicalis*, *Aspidiella* spp., *Aspidiotus* spp., *Atanus* spp., *Aulacorthumsolani*, *Bemisia* spp., and *Brachycaudus*. *Helichrysii*, *Brachycolus* spp., *Brevicoryne brassicae*, *Calligypona marginata*, *Carneocephala fulgida*, *Ceratovacuna lanigera*, *Cercopidae*, *Ceroplastes* spp., *Chaetosiphon fragaefolii*, *Chionaspis tegalensis*, *Chlorita onukii*, *Chromaphis juglandicola*, *Chrysomphalus ficus*, *Cicadulina mbila*, *Coccus halli*, *Coccus* spp., *Cryptomyzus ribis*, *Dalbulus* spp., Dialeurodes spp., Diaphorina spp., Diaspis spp., Doralis spp., Drosichas spp., Dysaphis spp., Dysmicoccus spp., Empoasca spp., Eriosoma spp., Erythroneura spp.Euscelis bilobatus, coffee mealybug (Geococcus coffeae), false peach virus leafhopper (Homalodis cacoagulata), plum aphid (Hyalopterus arundinis), cottony cushion scale (Icerya spp.), leafhopper (Idiocerus spp.), leafhopper (Idioscopus spp.), planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus), Lecanium spp., oyster scale (Lepidosaphes spp.), turnip aphid (Lipaphis erysimi), long-tubed aphid (Macrosiphum spp.), Mahanava fimbriolata, sorghum aphid (Melanaphis sacchari), Metcalfiella spp., wheat webless aphid (Metopolophium dirhodum), black-edged flat-winged aphid (Monellia costalis), and tussock aphid (Myzus). spp.), lettuce aphid (Nasonovia ribisnigri), black-tailed leafhopper (Nephotettix spp.), whitefly (Parabemisia myricae), scale insect (Parlatoria spp.), gall aphid (Pemphigus spp.), corn planthopper (Peregrinus maidis), cottony mealybug (Phenacoccus spp.), poplar flat-winged cottony aphid (Phloeomyzuspasserinii), humuli aphid (Phorodon humuli), grape root phylloxera (Phylloxera spp.), cycad brown-spotted scale insect (Pinnaspis aspidistrae), rosacea mealybug (Planococcus spp.), pear-shaped cottony mealybug (Protopulvinaria pyriformis), mulberry white scale insect (Pseudaulacaspis) The genera *Pseudococcus*, *Psylla*, *Pteromalus*, *Pyrillas*, *Quadraspidiotus*, *Quesada gigas*, *Rastrococcus*, *Rhopalosiphum*, and *Saissetia* are mentioned.), Scaphoidestitanus, Schizaphis graminum, Selenaspidus articulatus, Sogata spp., Sogatella furcifera, Nilaparvatalugens, Tomaspis spp., Toxoptera spp., Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Trioza spp., Typhlocyba spp., Unaspis spp., Viteus vitifolii.

[0083] Hymenoptera, for example, genera such as Diprion spp., Hoplocampaspp., Lasius spp., Monomorium pharaonis, and Vespa spp.

[0084] Orthoptera, including species such as the domestic cricket (Acheta domesticus), the oriental cockroach (Blattaorientalis), the German cockroach (Blattella germanica), the mole cricket (Gryllotalpa spp.), the Madeira cockroach (Leucophaea maderae), the migratory locust (Locusta spp.), the black locust (Melanoplus spp.), the American cockroach (Periplaneta americana), and the desert locust (Schistocerca). gregaria), Acrididae; stink bug (megacoptapunctatissimum), cabbage bug (eurydemarugosum), large-spined white-spotted bug (eysarcorislewisi), white-spotted bug (eysarcorisparvus), rice green bug (nezaraviridula), plautiastali, stink bug (halymorphamista), rice thorny-edged bug (cletuspunctiger), Chinese rice thorny-edged bug (leptocorisachinensis), cuckoo lace bug (stephantispyrioides), red-bearded blind bug (trigonotyluscoelestialium).

[0085] Thysanoptera, including species such as rice thrips (Baliothrips biformis), Enneothrips flavens, flower thrips (Frankliniella spp.), netted thrips (Heliothrips spp.), greenhouse hedge thrips (Hercinothrips femoralis), card thrips (Kakothrips spp.), grape thrips (Rhipiphorothrips scruentatus), hard thrips (Scirtothrips spp.), Taeniothrips cardamoni, and thrips (Thrips spp.).

[0086] Isoptera, for example, the genera *Reticulitermes* and *Odontotermes*.

[0087] Thysanura, for example, silverfish (Lepisma saccharina).

[0088] The order Anoplura (Phthiraptera) includes genera such as Damalinia spp., Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp., and Trichodectes spp.

[0089] Arachnida, order Acari, pests. Examples include the citrus spider mite (panonychuscitri), the carmine spider mite (Tetranychuscinnabarinus), the apple spider mite (panonychusulmi), the two-spotted spider mite (tetranychusurticae), the hawthorn spider mite (tetranychusviennensis), the needle-leaved small spider mite (oligonychusununguis), the citrus leaf mite (eotetranychuskankitus), the purple short-haired mite (brevipalpusphoenicis), and the alfalfa moth (bryobi). The species include *Aceriatulipae*, *colomerusvitis*, *calacaruscarinatus*, *polyphagotarsonemuslatus*, *rhizoglyphusrostochiensis*, *Acarussiro*, *Aceriasheldoni*, *Aculusschlechtendali*, *Tetranychus* spp., *Panonychus* spp., *Phyllocoptruta* spp., and *Brevipalpus* spp., among others.

[0090] Bivalva, for example, the genus *Dreissena*.

[0091] Chilopoda, for example, the genera *Geophilus* spp. and *Scutigera* spp.

[0092] Order Collembola, for example, the armed springtail (Onychiurus armatus).

[0093] Dermaptera, for example, the European ball worm (Forficula auricularia).

[0094] Diplopoda, for example, Blaniulus guttulatus.

[0095] Gastropoda, for example, Arion spp., Biomphalaria spp., Bulinus spp., Deroceras spp., Galba spp., Lymnaea spp., Oncomelania spp., and Succinea spp.

[0096] Isopoda, for example, woodlice (Armadillidium vulgare), comb beetles (Oniscusasellus), and ball beetles (Porcellio scaber).

[0097] Siphonaptera, for example, the genera *Ceratophyllus* spp. and *Xenopsylla cheopis*.

[0098] The order Symphyla, for example, the white pine worm (Scutigerella immaculata).

[0099] Representative organisms of the class Nematoda include those selected from genera such as *Meloidogyne* spp., *Heterodera* spp., *Globodera* spp., *Radipoholus* spp., *Pratylenchus* spp., and *Longidorus* spp. Among these, *Heterodera* (soybean cyst nematode), *golboderarostochiensis* (potato golden nematode), and *meloidogyne incognita* (southern root-knot nematode) are preferred.

[0100] The agricultural chemical composition of the present invention is particularly suitable for controlling the following pests: cutworms, grubs, armyworms, nematodes, thrips, wireworms, tobacco aphids, cotton aphids, peach aphids, diamondback moths, beet armyworms, fall armyworms, cotton bollworms, rice stem borers, rice leaf rollers, planthoppers, rice planthoppers, yellow-striped flea beetles, large leaf beetles, small leaf beetles, two-spotted spider mites, citrus spider mites, carmine spider mites, and other pests and their larvae and eggs.

[0101] The agricultural chemical combination of the present invention is particularly suitable for controlling the following pests: wheat aphids, wheat wireworms, wheat grubs, corn planthoppers, corn seedling aphids, corn cutworms, corn planthoppers, corn thrips, rice thrips, corn wireworms, corn grubs, rice planthoppers, rice stem borers, cotton aphids, cotton grubs, peanut grubs, peanut seedling aphids, potato aphids, and yellow-striped flea beetles on cruciferous vegetables.

[0102] The agricultural chemical composition of the present invention is suitable for controlling plant pathogenic harmful fungi, including fungi selected from the classes Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Phycomycetes, and Deuteromycetes.

[0103] Oomycetes, including the genus *Phytophthora*, such as *Phytophthorainfestans*, *Phytophthoramegasperma*, *Phytophthora parasitica*, *Phytophthora cinnamomi*, and *Phytophthora capsici*; diseases of the genus *Pythium*, such as *Pythium ahanidermatum*; and diseases of the family Peronosporaceae. Examples include *Plasmoparaviticola*, a fungus that causes grape downy mildew; *Peronospora* fungi (including *Peronosporatabacina* and *Peronospora parasitica*); *Pseudoperonospora* fungi (including *Pseudoperonosporacubensis* and *Bremialactucae*); *Pythium* fungi, such as *Pythium aphaidermatum*; and *Plasmopara* fungi.

[0104] Ascomycota includes diseases of the genus *Alternaria*, such as *Alternaria solani* (early blight of tomato) and *Alternaria brassicae* (black spot of cabbage); diseases of the genus *Guignardia*, such as *Guignardia bidwelli* (black rot of grape); diseases of the genus *Venturia*, such as *Venturia inaequalis* (black spot of apple); diseases of the genus *Septoria*, such as *Septorianodorum* (glume blight) and *Septoriatritici* (leaf blight); and *Erysiphe*. Examples include wheat powdery mildew fungi (Erysiphegraminis and Erysiphepolygoni), grape powdery mildew fungi (Uncinulanecatur), cucumber powdery mildew fungi (Sphaerothecafuligena), and apple powdery mildew fungi (Podosphaeraleucotricha); wheat basal rot fungi (Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides); diseases caused by Botrytis species such as strawberry gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) and peach brown rot fungi (Monilinia fructticola); diseases caused by Sclerotinia species such as rapeseed sclerotinia (Sclerotinias clerotiorum); and Pyricularia species. oryzaeCav. ) For example, rice blast fungus (Magnaporthegrisea); diseases of species in the genus Helminthosporium, such as maize leaf spot fungus (Helminthosporium triticirepentis) and netting fungus (Pyrenophorateres); anthracnose fungus (Colletotrichum genus), such as sorghum anthracnose fungus (Colletotrichum graminicola) and watermelon anthracnose fungus (Colletotrichum orbiculare); gramims of cereal grains (Gaeumannomyces gramims), such as wheat take-all fungus (Gaeumannomyces graminis); podosphaera; Monilinia; Uncinula; Mycosphaerella.

[0105] Basidiomycetes include rust fungal diseases caused by the genus *Puccinia* (e.g., *Puccinia recondita*, *Puccinia striiformis*, *Puccinia hordei*, *Puccinia graminis*, and *Puccinia arachidis*), coffee rust (*Hemileia vastatrix*), camel rust (*Hemileia*), soybean rust (*Phakopsorapachyrhizi*), and smut fungi (*Llstilaginalcs*).

[0106] The class Deuteromycetes includes species of the genus *Rhizoctonia* (e.g., *Rhizoctonia solani* and *Rhizoctonia oryzae*); diseases of the genus *Fusarium*, such as *Fusarium graminearum*, *Fusarium moniliforme*, *Fusarium oxysporum*, and *Fusarium proliferatum*. Fusarium solani (sowwing fungus); Verticillium dahliae; Sclerotium rolfsii; Rynchosporium secalis; Cercosporidium personatum (black spot fungus), Cercospora aracchidicola (black spot fungus), and Cercospor abeticola (brown spot fungus); Rutstroemia floccosum (silver spot fungus); Botrytis; Pyricularia; Helminthosporium; Fusarium; Septoria; Cercospora; Alternaria; Pyricularia; Pseudocercospora.

[0107] The agricultural chemical compositions of the present invention are particularly effective against the following plant pathogens: *Pythium*, *Fusarium*, *Rhizoctonia*, *Phytophthora*, *Botrytis*, *Pyricularia*, *Helminthosporium*, *Fusarium*, *Septoria*, *Cercospora*, *Alternaria*, *Pyricularia*, and *Pseudocercospora*. ), Rhizoctonia, Hemileia, Puccinia, Phakopsora, Llstilaginalcs, Venturia, Erysiphe, Podosphaera, Monilinia, Uncinula, Mycosphaerella, Phytophthora, Pythium, Plasmopara, Peronospora, Pseudoperonospora, Bremialactucae.

[0108] The agricultural chemical composition described in this invention is particularly effective against plant pathogenic fungi on the following crops:

[0109] Rice diseases: Magnaphorthe grisea (rice blast fungus), Cochliobolus miyabeanus (cochliobolus miyabeanus), Rhizoctonia solani (rhizoctonia solani), Gibberella fujikuroi (cellulose degradation fungus);

[0110] Wheat diseases: Powdery mildew fungus (Erysiphe graminis), Fusarium graminearum, F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, Microdochium nivale, wheat stripe rust fungus (Puccinia striiformis), wheat stem rust fungus (P. graminis), wheat leaf rust fungus (P. recondita), Micronectriella nivale, Ustilago tritici, Tilletia caries, Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides, Mycosphaerella graminicola, Stagonospora nodorum, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis;

[0111] Barley diseases: Powdery mildew fungus (Erysiphe graminis), Fusarium graminearum, F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, Microdochium nivale, wheat stripe rust fungus (Puccinia striiformis), wheat stem rust fungus (P. graminis), barley brown rust fungus (P. hordei), naked smut fungus (Ustilago nuda), barley cloud spot fungus (Rhynchosporium secalis), barley net spot fungus (Pyrenophora teres), barley spot fungus (Cochliobolus sativus), barley stripe fungus (Pyrenophora graminea), Rhizoctonia solani;

[0112] Corn diseases: Ustilago maydis, Cochliobolusheterostrophus, Gloeocercospora sorghi, Puccinia polysora, Cercospora zeae-maydis, Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium inflatum Math., corn anthracnose, Fusarium graminearum Schw.

[0113] Citrus diseases: *Diaporthe citri*, *Elsinoefawcetti*, *Penicillium digitatum*, *Penicillium italicum*, *Phytophthora parasitica*, *Phytophthora citrophthora*;

[0114] Apple tree diseases: Monilinia mali, Valsaceratosperma, Podosphaera leucotricha, Alternaria alternata apple pathotype, Venturia inaequalis, Colletotrichumacutatum.

[0115] Pear tree diseases: Pear scab fungus (Venturia nashicola, V. pirina), pear black spot fungus (Alternaria alternata Japanese pear pathotype), pear rust fungus (Gymnosporangium haraeanum), apple blight fungus (Phytophtora cactorum);

[0116] Peach tree diseases: *Monilinia fructicola*, *Cladosporium carpophilum*, and *Phomopsis* sp. (an endophytic fungus of *Indigofera tinctoria*).

[0117] Grape diseases: *Elsinoe ampelina* (grape black rot fungus), *Glomerella cingulata* (grape bud fungus), *Uninula necator* (grape powdery mildew fungus), *Phakopsora ampelopsidis* (layer rust fungus), *Guignardia bidwellii* (grape bud fungus), *Plasmoparaviticola* (downy mildew fungus);

[0118] Persimmon tree diseases: Gloeosporium kaki, Cercospora kaki, Mycosphaerela nawae;

[0119] Gourd diseases: *Colletotrichum lagenarium*, *Sphaerotheca fuliginea*, *Mycosphaerella melonis*, *Fusarium oxysporum*, *Pseudoperonospora cubensis*, *Phytophthorasp.*, *Pythium* sp.;

[0120] Tomato diseases: Early blight pathogen (Alternaria solani), Tomato leaf mold (Cladosporium fullvum), Potato late blight pathogen (Phytophthora infestans);

[0121] Eggplant diseases: Phopsis vexans, Erysiphecichoracearum;

[0122] Diseases of cruciferous vegetables: Alternaria japonica, Cercosporella brassicae, Plasmodiophora brassicae, Peronospora parasitica.

[0123] Onion diseases: Puccinia allii, Peronospora destructor;

[0124] Soybean diseases: Cercospora kikuchii (soybean purple spot fungus), Elsinoeglycines (soybean scab cyst fungus), Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae (common bean intercalating scab), Septoriaglycines (soybean brown spot fungus), Cercospora sojina (soybean gray spot fungus), Phakopsora pachyrhizi (soybean potato layer rust fungus), Phytophthora sojae (soybean root rot fungus), Rhizoctonia solani (soybean sheath blight fungus), Corynespora casiicola (corynespora casiicola), Sclerotinias clerotiorum (sclerotinia sclerotiorum);

[0125] Common bean disease: Anthracnose (Colletrichum lindemthianum);

[0126] Peanut diseases: Cercospora personata, Cercospora aracchidicola, Sclerotium rolfsii;

[0127] Pea disease: Pea powdery mildew (Erysiphe pisi);

[0128] Potato diseases: Phytophthora infestans, Phytophthora erythroseptica, Spongospora subterranean, f.sp. Subterranean;

[0129] Strawberry diseases: Powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca humuli), Glomerellacingulata;

[0130] Tea tree diseases: Exobasidium reticulatum, Elsinoeleucospila (tea white star causal agent), Pestalotiopsis sp. (tea white star causal agent), Colletotrichumtheae-sinensis (tea white star causal agent);

[0131] Tobacco diseases: *Alternaria longipes* (Tobacco Star), *Erysiphecichoracearum* (Tobacco Powdery Mildew), *Colletotrichum tabacum* (Tobacco Anthracnose), *Peronosporatabacina* (Tobacco Downy Mildew), *Phytophthora nicotianae* (Tobacco Black Hole Pathogen);

[0132] Rapeseed stalk diseases: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani;

[0133] Cotton disease: Rhizoctonia solani (the pathogen causing sheath blight);

[0134] Beet diseases: Cercospora beticola, Thanatephorus cucumeris (rice sheath blight pathogen), Aphanomyces cochlioides (rice sheath blight pathogen).

[0135] Diseases of the genus Rosa: Diplocarpon rosae, Sphaerothecapannosa, Peronospora sparsa;

[0136] Diseases of plants in the Asteraceae and Asteraceae families: *Bremia lactuca*, *Septoriachrysanthemi-indici*, *Puccinia horiana*;

[0137] Multiple plant diseases: Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium debarianum, Pythium graminicola, Pythium irregulare, Pythium ultimum, Botrytiscinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum;

[0138] Radish disease: Alternaria brassicicola;

[0139] Zoysia japonica diseases: Silver spot pathogen (Sclerotinia homeocarpa), sheath blight pathogen (Rhizoctonia solani);

[0140] Banana diseases: Banana black streak leaf spot fungus (Mycosphaerella fijiensis), banana coccidioidomycetes (Mycosphaerella musicola);

[0141] Sunflower disease: downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii).

[0142] The agricultural chemical composition of the present invention is particularly effective against seed diseases caused by the following or diseases occurring in the early stages of various plant growth: *Ustilago*, *Aspergillus* spp., *Penicillium* spp., *Fusarium* spp., *Gibberella* spp., *Tricodermas* spp., *Thielaviopsis* spp., *Rhizopus* spp., *Mucor* spp., *Corticium* spp., *Rhomas* spp., *Rhizoctonia* spp., *Diplodia* spp., *Sphacelotheca*, etc.

[0143] Preferably, the agricultural chemical compositions of the present invention are used to prevent or control the following plant diseases: stem base rot, root rot, damping-off, bakanae disease, take-all disease, leaf spot, black spot, white spot, anthracnose, large leaf spot, sheath blight, rice blast, rice false smut, sesame leaf spot, rust, powdery mildew, net blotch, Fusarium head blight, common smut, seed-borne leaf spot, loose smut, damping-off, gray spot, and downy mildew.

[0144] Particularly preferred, the agricultural chemical compositions of the present invention are particularly suitable for the prevention or control of the following plant diseases: barley stripe disease, peanut root rot, peanut stem base rot, peanut seedling root rot, potato black spore disease, cotton damping-off, cotton seedling blight, wheat root rot, wheat take-all disease, wheat loose smut, wheat sheath blight, corn stem base rot, corn silk smut, soybean root rot, chrysanthemum wilt, anthurium damping-off, peanut white mold, potato late blight, rice bakanae disease, rice seedling rot, rice damping-off, sunflower sclerotinia rot, and sunflower downy mildew.

[0145] The agricultural chemical composition of the present invention can be applied to any and all developmental stages of pests, such as eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults. Pests can be controlled by bringing the target pest, its food source, habitat, breeding ground, or other location into contact with an insecticidally effective amount of the agricultural chemical composition of the present invention.

[0146] "Place" refers to the plant, plant propagation material, soil, area, material, or environment in which pests grow or may grow.

[0147] "Effective insecticidal dose" refers to the amount of the agricultural chemical composition of this invention required to achieve observable effects on growth, including effects of death, prevention or removal, destruction, or reduction of the occurrence and activity of animal pests. The effective insecticidal doses of the various agricultural chemical compositions used in this invention can vary. The effective insecticidal dose of the composition will also vary depending on key conditions such as the desired insecticidal effect and duration, weather, target species, location, and method of application.

[0148] According to the present invention, all plants and plant parts can be processed. "Plant" here should be understood to mean all plants and plant populations, such as desired and undesirable wild plants or crops (including naturally growing crops). Crops can be plants obtained through conventional breeding and selection methods, or plants obtained through biotechnology and genetic engineering methods or combinations thereof, including transgenic plants and plant cultivars that may or may not be protected by a plant breeder's certificate. Plant parts should be understood to mean all above-ground and underground parts and plant organs such as seedlings, leaves, flowers, and roots; examples that may be mentioned include leaves, needles, stems, trunks, flowers, fruiting bodies, fruits, and seeds, as well as roots, tubers, and rhizomes. Plant parts also include harvested plants and asexually and sexually propagated materials, such as seedlings, tubers, rhizomes, cuttings, and seeds.

[0149] As described above, all plants and their parts can be processed according to the present invention. In a preferred embodiment, wild plant varieties and cultivars, or those obtained through conventional biological breeding methods such as hybridization or protoplast fusion, and their parts are processed. In a more preferred embodiment, transgenic plants and cultivars obtained through genetic engineering (and, if necessary, in conjunction with conventional methods) and their parts are processed.

[0150] The agricultural chemical composition of the present invention has good plant compatibility and is preferably suitable for soil treatment and seed treatment.

[0151] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for preventing or controlling pests, which involves applying the agricultural chemical composition described herein to a target useful plant, a target pest or its environment, or the propagation material of the target useful plant. This can be done before or after the plant, plant propagation material, or environment is infected by pests or diseases.

[0152] The term "plant propagation material" should be understood to refer to all reproductive plant parts, such as seeds, which can be used to propagate the latter, and plant materials such as cuttings or tubers (e.g., potatoes). Therefore, plant parts as used herein include plant propagation material. Examples that may be mentioned include, for instance, seeds, roots, fruits, tubers, bulbs, rhizomes, and plant parts. Germination and viable plants are suppressed after sprouting from the soil or after emergence. Young plants may be protected by whole or partial treatment with immersion before transplanting.

[0153] The plant propagation material is seedlings, rhizomes, nursery seedlings, cuttings, or seeds. Seeds are preferred.

[0154] The agricultural chemical composition described in this invention can be applied to seeds, soil for plant growth, or soil suitable for plant growth.

[0155] A method for protecting seeds includes contacting the seeds with the agricultural chemical composition of the present invention before sowing and / or after germination.

[0156] The seeds mentioned are selected from potato, sunflower, coffee, tobacco, canola, rapeseed, sugar beet, tomato, cucumber, green bean, Brassica, onion, soybean, wheat, barley, rye, oat, sorghum, peanut, sugarcane, rice, cabbage, cowpea, carrot, cotton, and corn seeds. Particularly important are the seeds of wheat, barley, rye, oat, corn, cotton, canola, rapeseed, and rice.

[0157] The composition described in this invention can be applied to seeds, plants, or soil for plant growth or soil suitable for plant growth.

[0158] Therefore, the present invention provides a method for protecting seeds, seedling roots and branches from soil and leaf insect infestation, comprising contacting the seeds with an effective amount of the agricultural chemical composition of the present invention before sowing and / or after germination.

[0159] The present invention also provides a method for controlling or preventing pests and their larvae and eggs in plant propagation material and subsequently growing plant organs, plant parts and / or plants, comprising applying the agricultural chemical composition of the present invention to the plant propagation material or its environment. Seeds are preferred as the plant propagation material.

[0160] Most damage to crop plants caused by fungi and / or pests occurs as early as when the seed is disturbed, during storage, after sowing, or during or after germination. This stage is particularly critical because the roots and seedlings of growing plants are especially sensitive, and even minor damage can lead to the death of the entire plant. Therefore, protecting seeds and germinating plants using appropriate compositions is of particular importance.

[0161] Seeds are treated to protect them from pests, especially soil-borne pests, and to protect the roots and shoots of the resulting plants.

[0162] Therefore, the agricultural chemical composition of the present invention can be used to protect seeds from soil pollutants and to protect the roots and shoots of the resulting plants from soil-borne pathogens and pests. Protection of plant roots and shoots is preferred.

[0163] The present invention also relates in particular to a method for protecting seeds and germinating plants from fungal and / or pest infestations and their larvae and eggs by treating seeds with the agricultural chemical composition of the present invention, comprising treating the seeds simultaneously with components (A), (B), and (C); and further comprising treating the seeds with components (A), (B), and (C) at different times.

[0164] A method for preventing or controlling fungi and / or pests and their larvae and eggs, comprising treating seeds intended to grow into plants with a synergistically effective amount of the agricultural chemical composition of the present invention before sowing and / or after germination.

[0165] The present invention also relates to the use of the agricultural chemical composition of the present invention for treating seeds to protect said seeds and plants grown therefrom from invasion by plant pathogenic fungi and / or pests and their larvae and eggs.

[0166] Furthermore, the present invention also relates to seeds treated with the agricultural chemical composition of the present invention to obtain seeds protected from pests and their larvae and eggs.

[0167] For treating plant propagation material, especially seeds, commonly used agents include seed treatment solutions (LS), suspension emulsions (SE), flowable concentrates (FS), dry treatment powders (DS), water-dispersible powders for slurry treatment (WS), water-soluble powders (SS), emulsions (ES), emulsifiable concentrates (EC), and gels (GF).

[0168] Application can be carried out before or during sowing. Methods of applying the described agrochemical composition to plant propagation material, especially seeds, include seed dressing, coating, granulation, powdering, soaking, and furrow application. Preferably, it is applied to the plant propagation material by methods that do not induce germination, such as seed dressing, granulation, coating, and powdering.

[0169] The agricultural chemical composition of the present invention can be applied to seeds in any physiological state. Preferably, the seeds are in a sufficiently durable state to avoid damage during treatment. Generally, the seeds can be those harvested from the field, removed from the plant, or separated from any rachis, stem, outer skin, and surrounding pulp or other non-seed plant material. The seeds are also preferably biologically stable to the extent that treatment will not cause biological damage to them. Treatment can be applied to the seeds between seed harvesting and sowing or at any time during the sowing process. The seeds can also be pre-germinated before or after treatment.

[0170] Seeds treated with the agricultural chemical composition of the present invention can be stored, managed, sown, and cultivated.

[0171] Seed treatment can be achieved by applying components (A), (B), and (C) to the seed in any desired order or simultaneously.

[0172] Seed treatment occurs on unsown seeds, the term "unsown seeds" intended to include seeds at any stage between seed harvest and sowing in the ground for plant germination and growth purposes. Preferably, the treatment occurs before sowing, so that the sown seeds have been pretreated with the combination. In particular, seed coating or seed granulation is preferred in the treatment of the combinations of the present invention. After treatment, the components of each combination adhere to the seeds and are therefore useful for the control of pests and diseases.

[0173] Seeds treated with the agricultural chemical composition of the present invention provide protection not only for the seeds themselves but also for the plants that emerge from them after germination from pathogens and pests. Therefore, it is unnecessary to treat the plants directly at sowing time or shortly thereafter.

[0174] This invention also provides a method for protecting plants from pests and their larvae and eggs, comprising applying the agricultural chemical composition of this invention to the environment, habitat, or storage area where the useful plant grows. The plant growing environment and habitat refer to the support structure that enables crops to take root and grow, such as soil and water. Specific raw materials can include, for example, sand, pumice, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth, agar, gels, polymers, asbestos, sawdust, bark, etc. Soil is preferred.

[0175] It has been discovered that the agricultural chemical composition of the present invention can solve the problem of soil biophytes through soil treatment. The agricultural chemical composition of the present invention is easy to apply and provides a long-lasting effect against soil biophytes.

[0176] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling soil-borne pathogenic fungi and / or harmful organisms, by applying the agricultural chemical composition of the present invention to the soil before, after, or before and after seed germination and / or directly to the soil in contact with plant roots or soil suitable for plant growth.

[0177] Soil application methods are considered as different techniques for applying pesticide compounds directly or indirectly to the soil and / or ground, such as drip application or drip irrigation (to the soil) or other methods such as soil injection or soil saturation. Other known soil application methods include furrow application and T-strip application.

[0178] Biological test cases

[0179] The expected effect of a specific combination of two active components can be calculated using the so-called "Colby formula" (see SRColby, "Calculating Synergistic and Antagonistic Responses of Herbicide Combinations", Weeds 1967, 15, 20-22):

[0180]

[0181] X represents the control effect when the active ingredient of compound I is used at a dosage of mg / ha or a concentration of mppm, expressed as a percentage of the untreated control.

[0182] Y represents the control effect when active ingredient compound II is used at a dosage of ng / ha or a concentration of nppm, expressed as a percentage of the untreated control.

[0183] E represents the control efficacy when active ingredient compounds of formula I and II are used at dosages of m and ng / ha or concentrations of m and n ppm, expressed as a percentage of the untreated control.

[0184] If the actual control effect exceeds the calculated value, the lethal effect of the composition is superadditive, that is, there is a synergistic effect.

[0185] Pest control:

[0186] Regarding the control of pests affecting plant reproductive materials, especially seeds, the test results of Experiments 1-3 showed that the combination of compound I, fludioxonil, and metalaxyl or difenoconazole had synergistic insecticidal activity.

[0187] Experiment 1: Control of cutworms

[0188] Evaluation of control measures against cutworms using direct contact methods.

[0189] Individual compound active ingredients were dissolved in acetone at different concentrations and diluted with water to obtain 1% stock solutions for later use. For each individual agent, the stock solutions were first prepared into the highest concentration using an aqueous solution containing 0.1% TWEEN80 emulsifier. Then, a second dilution was performed to obtain the test solution of the required concentration. The compound combinations were prepared by mixing the individual agents according to the designed proportions.

[0190] Healthy, active, and roughly the same size third-instar larvae of the cutworm were selected for testing.

[0191] Immerse the tested cutworms in the pesticide solution for 10 seconds, then remove them and blot off excess pesticide with filter paper. Each treatment is repeated 4 times, with 10-15 cutworms immersed in each replicate. A blank control is provided, consisting of an aqueous solution of 0.1% TWEEN80 emulsifier without the pesticide.

[0192] The tested cutworms were transferred to glass tubes containing fresh corn stalks and leaves (corn at the 3-true-leaf stage), the tube openings were covered with a damp black cloth, and the tubes were placed at 25±1°C. o They were fed and observed in a constant temperature incubator with a C and RH of 60%-80%.

[0193] Investigate the mortality rate of test insects 72 hours after treatment. The criteria for judging the mortality of cutworms are obvious shrinkage of the insect body and no noticeable crawling movement when lightly pricked with an insect needle. Record the total number of insects and the number of dead insects, and calculate the mortality rate and control effect according to the following formula.

[0194] Mortality rate (%) = (Number of live worms before treatment - Number of live worms after treatment) / Number of live worms before treatment × 100

[0195] Prevention and control efficacy % = ((mortality rate of treatment group - mortality rate of control group) / (100 - mortality rate of control group)) × 100

[0196] Table 1:

[0197]

[0198] Table 1 shows that the combination of compound I, fludioxonil, and metalaxyl or difenoconazole achieved an unexpected synergistic effect in controlling cutworms.

[0199] Experiment 2: Control of grubs

[0200] Evaluation of control measures against grubs using direct contact methods.

[0201] Individual compound active ingredients were dissolved in acetone at different concentrations and diluted with water to obtain 1% stock solutions for later use. For each individual agent, the stock solutions were first prepared into the highest concentration using an aqueous solution containing 0.1% TWEEN80 emulsifier. Then, a second dilution was performed to obtain the test solution of the required concentration. The compound combinations were prepared by mixing the individual agents according to the designed proportions.

[0202] Early second-instar larvae of grubs that were raised indoors, healthy, active, and of roughly the same size were selected for the test.

[0203] Immerse the grubs in the solution for 10 seconds, then remove them and blot off excess solution with filter paper. Each treatment is repeated four times, with 10-15 grubs immersed in each replicate. A 0.1% TWEEN80 emulsifier solution (without the drug) serves as a blank control.

[0204] The tested grubs were transferred to glass tubes containing fresh peanut leaves, the openings of which were covered with a damp black cloth and placed at 25±1°C. o They were fed and observed in a constant temperature incubator with a C and RH of 60%-80%.

[0205] Investigate the mortality rate of test grubs 72 hours after treatment. The criteria for determining grub mortality are significant body shrinkage and no noticeable crawling when lightly pricked with an insect needle. Record the total number of grubs and the number of dead grubs, and calculate the mortality rate and control effect using the following formula.

[0206] Mortality rate (%) = (Number of live worms before treatment - Number of live worms after treatment) / Number of live worms before treatment × 100

[0207] Prevention and control efficacy % = ((mortality rate of treatment group - mortality rate of control group) / (100 - mortality rate of control group)) × 100

[0208] Table 2:

[0209]

[0210] Table 2 shows that the combination of compound I, fludioxonil, and metalaxyl or difenoconazole achieved an unexpected synergistic effect in the control of grubs.

[0211] Experiment 3: Control of Nematodes

[0212] Individual compound active ingredients were dissolved in acetone at different concentrations and diluted with water to obtain 1% stock solutions for later use. For each individual agent, the stock solutions were first prepared into the highest concentration using an aqueous solution containing 0.1% TWEEN80 emulsifier. Then, a second dilution was performed to obtain the test solution of the required concentration. The compound combinations were prepared by mixing the individual agents according to the designed proportions.

[0213] Tomato seedlings were cultivated in sterilized soil in seedling trays. Once the seedlings reached the two- to three-leaf stage, uniformly growing seedlings were selected and transplanted into black plastic cups (with drainage holes at the bottom) filled with sandy loam soil. Each cup was placed in a greenhouse and watered once daily to maintain soil fertility and moisture. Three to five days after transplanting, once the seedlings had stabilized, nematodes were inoculated along the base of the seedlings, adding a suspension of second-instar root-knot nematode larvae, 1000 larvae per plant. Seven days after inoculation, the roots were treated with the tested pesticide solution. Each treatment was replicated in triplicate, and growth was observed in each treatment. After 50-60 days, the tomato roots were washed, and galls and egg masses were counted. Control was calculated based on the reduction in galls compared to the untreated control. The average percentage of control was calculated for each treatment.

[0214] Table 3

[0215]

[0216] Table 3 shows that the combination of Formula I compound, fludioxonil, and metalaxyl or difenoconazole achieved an unexpected synergistic effect in the control of nematodes.

[0217] Control of plant pathogenic fungi:

[0218] Regarding the control of plant pathogenic fungi affecting plant reproductive materials, especially seeds, the experimental results showed that the combination of compound I, fludioxonil, and metalaxyl or difenoconazole has synergistic fungicidal activity.

[0219] Experiment 4: Corn stalk base rot

[0220] The experimental site was flat, with fertile black calcareous soil of relatively uniform fertility and a pH of approximately 7. The site was divided into several experimental plots according to the experimental design. Each plot had an area of ​​20 m². 2 Repeated 3 times.

[0221] The active compound is applied as a dry seed dressing. It is prepared by mixing the individual active compound or a combination of active compounds with finely ground minerals to obtain a fine powder composition that can be evenly distributed on the seed surface.

[0222] When treating seeds, first mix all the agents into a slurry according to the designed dosage. Then, shake the seeds and the solution in a sealed glass flask for 3 minutes until the seeds are evenly coated. After that, pour the mixture out, spread it out in a ventilated place, and let it dry before sowing. (The ratio of slurry to seeds is 1:100)

[0223] The pathogen causing corn stalk rot was cultured using a liquid inoculum method. The pathogen spore concentration reached 10⁶ spores / mL. Two pathogens (Pythium and Fusarium) were cultured separately in liquid via shaking, then mixed 1:1. 50 ml of this mixture was added to 600g of sterilized corn kernels and incubated in an incubator for 7-10 days until the corn kernels were fully inoculated with mycelium. The mixture was then removed, air-dried, and covered with 20g of the solution at planting time.

[0224] When sowing corn, sow both seed-treated seeds and infected seeds in the same hole (the weight ratio of treated seeds to infected seeds is 1:10). Observe the emergence of corn seedlings one week after sowing. Observe and record the occurrence of corn stalk rot in each plot after 40 days.

[0225] Methods for calculating drug efficacy

[0226] Incidence rate (%) = ×100%

[0227] Prevention and control effect (%) = ×100%

[0228] Table 4

[0229]

[0230] Table 4 shows that the combination of compound I, fludioxonil, and metalaxyl or difenoconazole achieved an unexpected synergistic effect in controlling maize stalk rot.

[0231] Experiment 5: The effect of controlling corn smut

[0232] The experimental site was flat, with fertile black calcareous soil of relatively uniform fertility and a pH of approximately 7. The site was divided into several experimental plots according to the experimental design. Each plot had an area of ​​20 m². 2 Repeated 3 times.

[0233] The active compound is applied as a dry seed dressing. It is prepared by mixing the individual active compound or a combination of active compounds with finely ground minerals to obtain a fine powder composition that can be evenly distributed on the seed surface.

[0234] When treating seeds, first mix all the agents into a slurry according to the designed dosage. Then, shake the seeds and the solution in a sealed glass flask for 3 minutes until the seeds are evenly coated. After that, pour the mixture out, spread it out in a ventilated place, and let it dry before sowing. (The ratio of slurry to seeds is 1:100)

[0235] Artificial inoculation was used to prepare a 0.1% inoculum by mixing fine soil and *Smutella smut* spore powder at a ratio of 1000:1. Corn was sown using the hill-planting method, and each hill was covered with 50g of the 0.1% inoculum after sowing.

[0236] One week after corn sowing, observe the corn seedling emergence status continuously. When the ears have fully emerged and symptoms are obvious, conduct a survey to observe and record the occurrence of corn smut in each plot.

[0237] Method for calculating the effectiveness of prevention:

[0238] Incidence rate (%) = ×100%

[0239] Prevention and control effect (%) = ×100%

[0240] Table 5

[0241]

[0242] Table 5 shows that the combination of compound I, fludioxonil, and metalaxyl or difenoconazole achieved an unexpected synergistic effect in the control of corn smut.

Claims

1. An agricultural chemical composition comprising an active ingredient (A) compound of formula I. (Formula I); The composition includes (A) fludioxonil and (B) difenoconazole; the weight ratio of component (A) to component (B) or (C) is 60:1-1:5, and the weight ratio of component (B) to component (C) is 20:1-1:

20.

2. The agricultural chemical composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of component (A) to component (B) or (C) is 30:1 to 1:

1.

3. The agricultural chemical composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of component (A) to component (B) or (C) is 30:1 to 5:

1.

4. The agricultural chemical composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of component (B) to component (C) is 10:1 to 1:

10.

5. The agricultural chemical composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight ratio of component (B) to component (C) is 5:1 to 1:

5.

6. The agricultural chemical composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also contains surfactants and / or fillers.

7. The agricultural chemical composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total weight of the active component (A) together with components (B) and (C) accounts for 1%-90% of the weight of the agrochemical composition.

8. The agricultural chemical composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total weight of the active component (A) together with components (B) and (C) accounts for 5%-70% of the weight of the agrochemical composition.

9. The agricultural chemical composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The agricultural chemical composition is formulated as emulsifiable concentrate, aqueous suspension, oil suspension, seed treatment dry powder, seed treatment solution, seed treatment emulsion, suspension seed coating agent, water-dispersible granules, wettable powder, suspension emulsion, atomizing agent, coated granules, extruded granules, water emulsion, microcapsule suspension, microcapsule suspension-suspension, dry suspension, ultra-low volume liquid, electrostatic oil, gel, granules, and microparticles.

10. The use of the agricultural chemical composition of claim 1 for controlling soil-borne pathogenic fungi and / or pests by seed treatment, wherein the pathogenic fungi are selected from corn stalk rot and corn smut; and the pests are selected from cutworms, grubs, and root-knot nematodes.

11. The use of the agricultural chemical composition of claim 1 for controlling soil-borne pathogenic fungi and / or pests by means of soil application, wherein the pathogenic fungi are selected from corn stalk rot and corn smut; and the pests are selected from cutworms, grubs, and root-knot nematodes.

12. A method for protecting seeds, comprising contacting the seeds with the agricultural chemical composition of claim 1 before sowing and / or after germination.

13. A method for controlling soil-borne pathogenic fungi and / or pests, comprising applying seeds to the soil before sowing and / or after germination, wherein the pathogenic fungi are selected from corn stalk rot and corn smut; and the pests are selected from cutworms, grubs, and root-knot nematodes.

14. A method for protecting seeds, seedling roots and branches from soil and leaf insect infestation, comprising contacting the seeds with an effective amount of the agricultural chemical composition of claim 1 before sowing and / or after germination, wherein the insects are selected from cutworms, grubs, and root-knot nematodes.

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