Respiratory treatment apparatus and method

Abstract

A respiratory therapy device and method. The device is configured with at least two operating modes, including a first operating mode providing HFNC support to a patient and a second operating mode providing NIV or INV support to a patient; the device includes a processor and a memory storing instructions, the processor being configured to call and execute the instructions stored in the memory to perform the following operations: obtaining a ROX index based on a first parameter; and triggering a mode switching of the device according to the ROX index and a preset triggering strategy for switching the operating modes of the device.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This disclosure claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 147,215, filed December 28, 2022, entitled “Respiratory Therapy Device and Method”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to the technical field of medical devices for respiratory therapy, and more particularly to integrated respiratory therapy devices and respiratory therapy methods based on the respiratory rate-oxygenation (ROX) index. Background Technology

[0004] High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy is a non-invasive and better-adhered treatment option for patients with respiratory illness caused by the COVID-19 virus. However, when HFNC respiratory support is insufficient for a patient, it may be necessary to escalate to noninvasive ventilation (NIV) or invasive ventilation (INV).

[0005] This background information is provided to disclose information that the applicant believes may be relevant to this disclosure. It is not necessarily an admission, nor should it be construed as any of the foregoing information constituting prior art in this disclosure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This disclosure provides a respiratory therapy device and method. According to the device and method, three different ventilation modes, including HFNC, NIV, and INV, are enabled on a single integrated device, and the time required for ventilator changes is reduced compared to existing technologies, thereby providing timely treatment for patients.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a respiratory therapy device, wherein the device is configured with at least two operating modes, and the at least two operating modes include a first operating mode providing HFNC support to a patient and a second operating mode providing NIV support or INV support to a patient.

[0008] The device includes a processor and a memory storing instructions, the processor being configured to invoke and execute the instructions stored in the memory to perform the following operations:

[0009] The ROX index is obtained based on the first parameter; and

[0010] The device mode switching is triggered based on the ROX index and a preset triggering strategy for switching the device's operating mode.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the device is provided with a humidification component configured to humidify the airflow delivered to the patient.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the humidification assembly includes a temperature sensor and a heating element connected to the temperature sensor, the temperature sensor being configured to measure the temperature of the heating element when the device is operating in either the first operating mode or the second operating mode.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the device is provided with a flow sensor configured to measure the flow rate of the airflow.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the humidity of the airflow can be adjusted by the humidification component based on the flow rate.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the temperature of the heating element is adjustable based on the flow rate.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the preset triggering strategy is any one of the following: a manual triggering strategy, a semi-automatic triggering strategy, or a fully automatic triggering strategy.

[0017] In one possible implementation, when the preset triggering strategy is the manual triggering strategy,

[0018] The processor is also configured to invoke and execute the instructions stored in the memory to perform the following operations:

[0019] Determine whether the ROX index is less than a preset value;

[0020] When it is determined that the ROX index is less than the preset value, a first notification is sent to the user terminal, wherein the first notification indicates that the ROX index is less than the preset value;

[0021] When it is determined that the ROX index is not less than the preset value, a second notification is sent to the user terminal, wherein the second notification indicates that the ROX index is not less than the preset value;

[0022] The device's mode switching is triggered based on a switching command from the user.

[0023] In one possible implementation, when the device is in the first operating mode, the switching instruction indicates a switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode; when the device is in the second operating mode, the switching instruction indicates a switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode.

[0024] In one possible implementation, when the preset triggering strategy is the semi-automatic triggering strategy, the processor is further configured to invoke and execute the instructions stored in the memory to perform the following operations:

[0025] Determine whether the ROX index is less than a preset value;

[0026] Determine the operating mode of the device;

[0027] When it is determined that the ROX index is less than the preset value and the device is in the first operating mode, a third notification is sent to the user terminal, wherein the third notification indicates a switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode.

[0028] When it is determined that the ROX index is not less than the preset value and the device is in the second operating mode, a fourth notification is sent to the user terminal, wherein the fourth notification indicates a switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode; and

[0029] When a switching confirmation command is received from the user terminal, the device is switched from the current operating mode to another different operating mode.

[0030] In one possible implementation, when the preset triggering strategy is the fully automatic triggering strategy,

[0031] The processor is also configured to invoke and execute the instructions stored in the memory to perform the following operations:

[0032] Determine whether the ROX index is less than a preset value;

[0033] Determine the operating mode of the device;

[0034] When it is determined that the ROX index is less than the preset value and the device is in the first operating mode, the device is triggered to switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode; and

[0035] When it is determined that the ROX index is not less than the preset value and the device is in the second operating mode, the device is triggered to switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the first parameter is measured by different sensors; the sensors include a first sensor configured to measure blood oxygen saturation, a second sensor configured to measure the fraction of inhaled oxygen, and a third sensor configured to measure respiratory rate;

[0037] The processor is also configured to invoke and execute the instructions stored in the memory to perform the following operations:

[0038] The ROX index is calculated based on the blood oxygen saturation measured by the first sensor, the inhaled oxygen fraction measured by the second sensor, and the respiratory rate measured by the third sensor.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the first sensor is a pulse oximeter, the second sensor is an oxygen concentration sensor, and the third sensor is a flow sensor or a pressure sensor.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the sensor is integrated into the device.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the sensor is communicatively connected to the device.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the processor is also configured to invoke and execute the instructions stored in the memory to perform the following operations:

[0043] Collect multiple sets of first parameters measured within a preset time interval;

[0044] Calculate the temporary ROX index based on the multiple sets of first parameters;

[0045] The ROX index is obtained by averaging the temporary ROX index.

[0046] In a second aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a respiratory treatment method applied to a device configured with at least two operating modes, the at least two operating modes including a first operating mode providing HFNC support to a patient and a second operating mode providing NIV or INV support to a patient; wherein the method includes:

[0047] The ROX index is obtained based on the first parameter; and

[0048] The device mode switching is triggered based on the ROX index and a preset triggering strategy for switching the device's operating mode.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the first parameter is measured by different sensors; the sensors include a first sensor configured to measure blood oxygen saturation, a second sensor configured to measure the fractional oxygen inhaled, and a third sensor configured to measure the respiratory rate; wherein obtaining the ROX index based on the first parameter includes:

[0050] The ROX index is calculated based on the blood oxygen saturation measured by the first sensor, the inhaled oxygen fraction measured by the second sensor, and the respiratory rate measured by the third sensor.

[0051] In one possible implementation, the first sensor is a pulse oximeter, the second sensor is an oxygen concentration sensor, and the third sensor is a flow sensor or a pressure sensor.

[0052] In one possible implementation, the sensor is integrated into the device.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the sensor is communicatively connected to the device.

[0054] In one possible implementation, obtaining the ROX index based on the first parameter includes:

[0055] Collect multiple sets of the first parameter measured within a preset time interval;

[0056] Calculate the temporary ROX index based on the multiple sets of first parameters;

[0057] The ROX index is obtained by averaging the temporary ROX index.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the preset triggering strategy is any one of the following: a manual triggering strategy, a semi-automatic triggering strategy, or a fully automatic triggering strategy.

[0059] In one possible implementation, the preset triggering strategy is a manual triggering strategy;

[0060] The method of triggering the mode switching of the device based on the ROX index and the preset triggering strategy for switching the operating mode of the device includes:

[0061] Determine whether the ROX index is less than a preset value;

[0062] When it is determined that the ROX index is less than the preset value, a first notification is sent to the user terminal, wherein the first notification indicates that the ROX index is less than the preset value;

[0063] When it is determined that the ROX index is not less than the preset value, a second notification is sent to the user terminal, wherein the second notification indicates that the ROX index is not less than the preset value;

[0064] The device's mode switching is triggered based on a switching command from the user.

[0065] In one possible implementation, when the device is in the first operating mode, the switching instruction indicates a switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode; when the device is in the second operating mode, the switching instruction indicates a switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode.

[0066] In one possible implementation, the preset triggering strategy is a semi-automatic triggering strategy;

[0067] The method of triggering the mode switching of the device based on the ROX index and the preset triggering strategy for switching the operating mode of the device includes:

[0068] Determine whether the ROX index is less than a preset value;

[0069] Determine the operating mode of the device;

[0070] When it is determined that the ROX index is less than the preset value and the device is in the first operating mode, a third notification is sent to the user terminal, wherein the third notification indicates a switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode.

[0071] When it is determined that the ROX index is not less than the preset value and the device is in the second operating mode, a fourth notification is sent to the user terminal, wherein the fourth notification indicates a switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode; and

[0072] When a switching confirmation command is received from the user terminal, the device is switched from the current operating mode to another different operating mode.

[0073] In one possible implementation, the preset triggering strategy is a fully automatic triggering strategy;

[0074] The method of triggering the mode switching of the device based on the ROX index and the preset triggering strategy for switching the operating mode of the device includes:

[0075] Determine whether the ROX index is less than a preset value;

[0076] Determine the operating mode of the device;

[0077] When it is determined that the ROX index is less than the preset value and the device is in the first operating mode, the device is triggered to switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode; and

[0078] When it is determined that the ROX index is not less than the preset value and the device is in the second operating mode, the device is triggered to switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode.

[0079] In one possible implementation, the device is provided with a humidification component configured to humidify the airflow delivered to the patient.

[0080] In one possible implementation, the humidification assembly includes a temperature sensor and a heating element connected to the temperature sensor, the temperature sensor being configured to measure the temperature of the heating element when the device is operating in either the first operating mode or the second operating mode.

[0081] In one possible implementation, the device is provided with a flow sensor configured to measure the flow rate of the airflow.

[0082] In one possible implementation, the humidity of the airflow can be adjusted by the humidification component based on the flow rate.

[0083] In one possible implementation, the temperature of the heating element is adjustable based on the flow rate.

[0084] In a third aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the respiratory treatment method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0085] In a fourth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program product including computer execution instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0086] In a fifth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program, wherein when a processor executes the program, it implements the method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0087] This disclosure provides a respiratory therapy device configured with at least two operating modes, including a first operating mode providing HFNC support for the patient and a second operating mode providing NIV or INV support for the patient. The device includes a processor and a memory storing instructions, the processor being configured to call and execute the instructions stored in the memory to perform the following operations: obtaining a ROX index based on a first parameter; and triggering a mode switch of the device according to the ROX index and a preset triggering strategy for switching the operating modes of the device. Using this respiratory therapy device, three different ventilation modes, including HFNC, NIV, and INV, are enabled on a single integrated device, saving time compared to existing technologies when changing ventilators, thereby providing timely treatment for patients.

[0088] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Other features of this disclosure will be readily understood from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0089] The accompanying drawings are provided to better understand this scheme and do not constitute any limitation on this disclosure.

[0090] Figure 1 A schematic block diagram of a respiratory therapy device provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 1 .

[0091] Figure 2 A schematic block diagram of another respiratory therapy device provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 2 .

[0092] Figure 3 A schematic block diagram of a respiratory therapy device provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 3 .

[0093] Figure 4 A schematic block diagram of yet another respiratory therapy device provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 4 .

[0094] Figure 5 A schematic block diagram of yet another respiratory therapy device provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 5 .

[0095] Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart of a respiratory treatment method provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0096] Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the method for obtaining the ROX index based on the first parameter.

[0097] Figure 8This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a manual triggering strategy for initiating mode switching of respiratory therapy devices.

[0098] Figure 9A This is a schematic flowchart of a semi-automatic triggering strategy for triggering mode switching of respiratory therapy devices.

[0099] Figure 9B This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the other half of the automatic triggering strategy used to trigger mode switching of respiratory therapy devices.

[0100] Figure 10A This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a fully automated triggering strategy for switching modes in respiratory therapy devices.

[0101] Figure 10B This is a schematic flowchart of another fully automated triggering strategy for triggering mode switching of respiratory therapy devices. Detailed Implementation

[0102] In the following description, reference will be made to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this disclosure and illustrate specific aspects of embodiments of the disclosure or in which embodiments of the disclosure may be used. It should be understood that embodiments of the disclosure can be used in other aspects and include structural or logical changes not depicted in the drawings. Therefore, the following detailed description should not be considered limiting.

[0103] As used herein, the term "comprising" and its variations are open-ended, meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" means "at least partially based on". The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least another embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments". Definitions of other terms are given below.

[0104] It should be noted that concepts such as “first” and “second” mentioned in this disclosure are used only to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not intended to limit the order or correlation of the functions performed by these devices, modules or units.

[0105] It should be noted that the singular or plural modifications mentioned in this disclosure are exemplary and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that they should be understood as "one or more" unless otherwise expressly defined in the context.

[0106] In recent years, HFNC has been widely used to provide respiratory support for patients with respiratory illness caused by the COVID-19 virus and those who have difficulty maintaining adequate ventilation through their own breathing efforts. HFNC delivers a continuous, high-flow-rate heated and humidified gas to the patient through a tube placed in the nostril. Compared to NIV and INV, HFNC is easier to use, has better patient compliance, and is a good alternative treatment for acute respiratory failure (ARF) caused by hypoxia.

[0107] However, when respiratory support from the HFNC is insufficient for a patient, it may be necessary to escalate treatment to NIV or INV. For example, when a patient's condition worsens, HFNC may become unsuitable, requiring a switch to NIV or INV. Clinical studies have shown that the ROX index is a good predictor of HFNC failure in ARF patients. When the ROX index falls below a certain value (e.g., 4.88), the patient may face a high risk of HFNC failure. Therefore, the ROX index can serve as a reference for switching ventilation modes. However, in current technology, HFNC, NIV, and INV are set in separate ventilators, making switching between these three ventilation modes difficult and thus delaying patient treatment.

[0108] Additionally, traditional NIV or INV ventilators can be used with external humidifiers, which typically only have heating functions and lack airflow rate detection. These humidifiers usually have several heating levels, which users can switch between based on their own judgment. This imprecise adjustment can lead to several problems. For example, if the heating temperature is too high, excessive moisture evaporation can cause condensation to form on the patient's trachea after inhaling the heated and humidified air, potentially leading to infection.

[0109] In view of the above problems, this disclosure provides an integrated respiratory therapy device and method based on the ROX index. According to this device, three modes, namely HFNC, NIV, and INV, are integrated into one device, and switching between these modes can be completed automatically by the device or with the assistance of the user (i.e., a physician). Furthermore, to solve the aforementioned humidification problem, the device can also be equipped with a humidification component that can be used by all three modes.

[0110] The technical solution of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0111] Figure 1 A schematic block diagram of a respiratory therapy device provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 1 .

[0112] like Figure 1As shown, the respiratory therapy device 100 includes a processor 102 and a memory 101 storing instructions.

[0113] In one possible implementation, the memory can exchange data via a bus 103 connecting the memory and the processor. The device 100 is configured with at least two operating modes, including a first operating mode providing HFNC support to the patient and a second operating mode providing NIV or INV support to the patient.

[0114] The processor is configured to invoke and execute instructions stored in memory to perform the following operations:

[0115] The ROX index is obtained based on the first parameter; and

[0116] The device's mode switching is triggered based on the ROX index and a preset trigger strategy used to switch the device's operating mode.

[0117] Specifically, the ROX index is defined as the ratio of pulse oxygen saturation / inspired oxygen fraction to respiratory rate, i.e., SpO2 / FiO2 / RR (where " / " represents division), where SpO2 is the oxygen saturation level, FiO2 is the inspired oxygen fraction, and RR is the respiratory rate. Therefore, the first parameters used to obtain the ROX index include SpO2, FiO2, and RR. In one possible implementation, device 100 can obtain the first parameters from different sensors.

[0118] After obtaining the ROX index based on the first parameter, device 100 can trigger a mode switch according to the ROX index and a preset trigger strategy for switching the device's operating mode. In one possible implementation, the preset trigger strategy can be any of the following: a manual trigger strategy, a semi-automatic trigger strategy, or a fully automatic trigger strategy. A manual trigger strategy can be a strategy where the user decides whether to perform a mode switch, and the device calculates the basis for making this decision (e.g., a comparison between the ROX value and a threshold). A semi-automatic trigger strategy can be a strategy where the device determines whether to perform a mode switch, but the user can confirm it. A fully automatic trigger strategy can be a strategy where the device determines whether to perform a mode switch without user confirmation.

[0119] This respiratory therapy device enables three different ventilation modes—HFNC, NIV, and INV—on a single integrated device, saving time compared to existing technologies by reducing the need to change ventilators and thus providing timely treatment for patients.

[0120] Figure 2 A schematic block diagram of another respiratory therapy device provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 2 .

[0121] In this embodiment, in addition to the memory 201 and processor 202 having the same functions as the memory 101 and processor 102 described above, the respiratory therapy device 200 may also be provided with a humidification component 204, which is configured to humidify the airflow delivered to the patient. (See reference...) Figure 2 The humidification component 204 can exchange data with the memory 201 and the processor 202 via the bus 203. Data from the humidification component 204 can be stored in the memory 201, and the processor 202 can read data from the memory 201 and control the humidification component 204 to adjust parameters related to the humidification function (e.g., the humidity level of the humidified gas).

[0122] Humidified airflow delivered to the patient reduces irritation to the nasal cavity; therefore, most ventilators are used in conjunction with a humidifier. As mentioned above, traditional NIV or INV ventilators must be used with an external humidifier, which can lead to numerous problems. According to the respiratory therapy device provided in this embodiment, the NIV and INV are integrated into a single device, thus sharing the same humidification component within that single device and can be uniformly controlled by a processor, thereby enabling highly precise humidification control.

[0123] Figure 3 A schematic block diagram of a respiratory therapy device provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 3 The respiratory therapy device 200' includes a memory 201', a processor 202', and a bus 203', the functions and connections of which are related to... Figure 2 The memory 201, processor 202, and bus 203 shown are the same.

[0124] In this embodiment, with Figure 2 Compared to the humidification assembly 204 shown, the humidification assembly 204' may further include a temperature sensor 205 and a heating element 206 connected to the temperature sensor 205. The temperature sensor 205 and the heating element 206 are communicatively connected to the processor 202', and the temperature sensor 205 is communicatively connected to the memory 201'. In one possible embodiment, the temperature sensor 205 is configured to measure the temperature of the heating element 206 when the respiratory therapy device is operating in the first or second operating mode described above.

[0125] Temperature sensor 205 is configured to report the temperature of heating element 206 to processor 202', which can then adjust the temperature of heating element 206. In one possible implementation, the temperature of heating element 206 may have a preset value, which may be pre-stored in memory 201'. When the temperature of heating element 206 reaches the preset value, the heated airflow reaches the desired temperature. If the temperature of heating element 206 measured by temperature sensor 205 is higher or lower than the preset value, processor 202' can adjust the temperature of heating element 206 until the temperature of heating element 206 measured by temperature sensor 205 reaches the preset value, thereby achieving automatic control of the temperature of the airflow delivered to the patient.

[0126] In one possible implementation, the number of temperature sensors 205 may be more than one, one for measuring the temperature of the heating element 206 and another for measuring the temperature of the heated and humidified gas. In one possible implementation, the temperature sensor 205 for measuring the temperature of the heated and humidified gas may be positioned in the breathing pathway for guiding the heated and humidified gas into the patient. The temperature sensor 205 may send the temperature data of the heated and humidified gas to the processor 202'. The processor 202' may be configured to adjust the temperature of the heating element 206 based on the measured temperature of the heating element 206 and the temperature of the heated and humidified gas. Similarly, the temperature of the heated and humidified gas may also have a preset value stored in the memory 201', which the processor 202' can read from the memory 201' to adjust the temperature of the heating element 206 according to the preset temperature of the heated and humidified gas.

[0127] Figure 4 A schematic block diagram of yet another respiratory therapy device provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 4 The memory 301, processor 302, and humidification component 304 each have the same functions as the memory 201, processor 202, and humidification component 204 described above. Furthermore, the humidification component 304 may have the same components and functions as the humidification component 204'.

[0128] In this embodiment, the respiratory therapy device 300 is provided with a flow sensor 305, which is configured to measure the flow rate of the airflow delivered to the patient. The flow sensor 305 is communicatively connected to the memory 301 and the processor 302 via a bus 303 to realize data exchange with the memory 301 and the processor 302.

[0129] In one possible implementation, the humidity of the airflow can be adjusted by the humidification component 304 based on the flow rate. In another possible implementation, the temperature of the heating element can be adjusted based on the flow rate.

[0130] For example, to achieve the desired humidification output in the heated and humidified gas flow delivered to the patient, depending on the application of HFNC, NIV, or INV, >12 or 33 mg / L (i.e., more than 12 mg or 33 mg of water vapor per liter of gas), the temperature of the heating element used to heat the fluid stored in the chamber needs to be controlled within a certain reference range. The processor 302 can first coarsely adjust the temperature of the heating element to an approximate value using the following formula:

[0131] Theating etement(t)a n ·Q(t)n+a n-1 ·Q(t)n-1+a n-2 Q(t) n-2 +…+a1Q(t)+a0

[0132] Where T heating element Q(t) is the temperature of the heating element at time t; Q(t) is the gas flow rate through the chamber at time t, where the flow rate refers to the gas flow rate before heating and humidification; a n a n-1 a n-2 a1, a0 are the coefficients of the polynomial equation, where n is a positive integer.

[0133] In one possible implementation, the coefficients of the polynomial equation can be obtained by fitting experimental data from a series of experiments and can be pre-stored in memory. For example, the temperature of the heating element can be tested when heated and humidified gas reaches a desired temperature (e.g., body temperature 37 degrees Celsius) at different airflow rates. The values ​​of the airflow rates and the corresponding temperature values ​​of the heating elements can be recorded. The relationship between the airflow rate and the temperature of the heating element can be obtained by fitting the recorded airflow rate values ​​and the corresponding temperature values ​​of the heating elements, thereby obtaining the coefficients of the polynomial equation.

[0134] In one possible implementation, in the above experiment, the flow rate of the gas through the chamber can be controlled in certain increments from a minimum flow rate to a maximum flow rate, wherein the flow rate can range from 2 LPM (liters per minute) to 80 LPM, with increments of 2 LPM. For example, when the flow rate measured by the flow sensor 305 reaches 2 LPM, the temperature of the heating element is recorded when the flow rate is 2 LPM and the temperature of the gas delivered to the patient is maintained at 37 degrees Celsius; when the flow rate measured by the flow sensor 305 reaches 4 LPM (the flow rate increases by 2 LPM), the temperature of the heating element is recorded when the flow rate is 4 LPM and the temperature of the gas delivered to the patient is maintained at 37 degrees Celsius; the aforementioned steps are repeated until the flow rate measured by the flow sensor 305 reaches 80 LPM. Through such an experiment, the temperature of the heating element when the heated and humidified gas reaches the desired temperature (e.g., body temperature 37 degrees Celsius) at different flow rates can be obtained, thereby obtaining the coefficients of the polynomial equation.

[0135] In one possible implementation, when it is necessary to heat and humidify the gas delivered to the patient, the processor 302 can read coefficients stored in the memory 301 and calculate the approximate temperature of the heating element according to the above formula and in conjunction with the airflow rate. In one possible implementation, the temperature of the heating element can be in the range of 50 degrees Celsius to 90 degrees Celsius.

[0136] In one possible implementation, the humidification component 304 may include circuitry that can be connected to the humidification component and configured to communicate with the processor 302 and control the operation of the humidification component.

[0137] After the coarse adjustment described above, the temperature of the heating element can be fine-tuned based on the temperature of the heated and humidified gas. For example, if the temperature of the heated and humidified gas has not yet reached the desired temperature after the coarse adjustment, the processor can further adjust the temperature of the heating element until the measured temperature of the heated and humidified gas reaches the desired temperature. By combining the coarse and fine adjustments of the heating element, the temperature of the heated and humidified gas flow leaving the chamber precisely reaches the desired temperature.

[0138] Using the aforementioned respiratory therapy device, mode switching between HFNC and NIV / INV can be achieved based on the ROX index and a preset triggering strategy for switching the operating mode of the device.

[0139] As described above, the preset triggering strategy is any one of the following: a manual triggering strategy, a semi-automatic triggering strategy, or a fully automatic triggering strategy. The difference between these three strategies lies in the degree of intervention by the user (i.e., the doctor) in the mode switching between the first operating mode and the second operating mode. That is, this disclosure can adjust the degree of control of the device over mode switching as needed.

[0140] In one embodiment of this disclosure, when the preset triggering strategy is a manual triggering strategy, the processor is further configured to call and execute instructions stored in memory to perform the following operations:

[0141] Determine if the ROX index is less than the preset value;

[0142] When it is determined that the ROX index is less than the preset value, a first notification is sent to the user terminal, wherein the first notification indicates that the ROX index is less than the preset value.

[0143] When it is determined that the ROX index is not less than the preset value, a second notification is sent to the user terminal, wherein the second notification indicates that the ROX index is not less than the preset value.

[0144] The device's mode switching is triggered based on a switching command from the user.

[0145] In one possible implementation, the preset value of the ROX index may be 4.88. This threshold can be used to identify patients who may be at high risk of HFNC failure. If the ROX index value is less than the threshold, the HFNC mode (i.e., the first operating mode) may need to be switched to NIV mode or INV mode (i.e., the second operating mode); if the ROX index value is equal to or greater than the threshold, the NIV or INV mode may need to be switched to HFNC mode.

[0146] In this embodiment, when the ROX index is determined to be less than the preset value, the processor can send a first notification to the user terminal, wherein the first notification indicates that the ROX index is less than the preset value; when the ROX index is determined to be not less than the preset value, the processor can send a second notification to the user terminal, wherein the second notification indicates that the ROX index is not less than the preset value. After receiving the first or second notification, the user terminal can remind the user (e.g., a doctor) that the ROX index is below or not below the preset value, so that the user can be reminded that the patient may or may not be at high risk of HFNC failure, and thus the user can determine whether a mode switch is needed based on the first or second notification.

[0147] For example, after a user is notified by their user terminal that the ROX index is less than or not less than a preset value, the user can trigger a switching command through their user terminal to switch the device's operating mode. In this example, the user already knows the device's current operating mode. If the user does not know the device's current operating mode, the user terminal can also obtain the device's operating mode through communication with the device, such as through requests and responses, and then the user can learn about the device's current operating mode from their user terminal.

[0148] For example, after a user is notified by the user terminal that the ROX index is less than or not less than a preset value, the user can visit the patient to understand the patient's actual physical condition and the operating mode of the device, and further determine whether a mode switch is needed based on the device's operating mode and the patient's actual physical condition. If the user decides to switch the device's operating mode, the user can trigger a switching command through an input device on the device. For example, the user can trigger a switching command by touching a button on the device to generate a switching command, and then the device can switch modes based on the generated switching command. Alternatively, the user can trigger a switching command through the user terminal. For example, the user can trigger a switching command by touching controls on the terminal device's screen or a button on the terminal device, and then the terminal device can generate a switching command and send the switching command to the device. Once the respiratory therapy device receives the switching command from the user, the respiratory therapy device can switch its operating mode.

[0149] In one possible implementation, when the device is in a first operating mode, a switching instruction indicates a switch from the first operating mode to a second operating mode; when the device is in a second operating mode, a switching instruction indicates a switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode.

[0150] Using the respiratory therapy device in this embodiment, the ROX index, which reflects the patient's physical condition, can be automatically monitored and promptly notified to the user. This provides the user with a basis for determining whether to switch modes, allowing the user to understand the changes in the ROX index without frequent visits to the patient. Furthermore, the user can make appropriate responses in a timely manner, enabling the patient to receive timely treatment.

[0151] In one embodiment of this disclosure, when the preset triggering strategy is a semi-automatic triggering strategy, the processor is further configured to call and execute instructions stored in memory to perform the following operations:

[0152] Determine if the ROX index is less than the preset value;

[0153] Determine the operating mode of the device;

[0154] When it is determined that the ROX index is less than a preset value and the device is in the first operating mode, a third notification is sent to the user terminal, wherein the third notification indicates a switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode.

[0155] When it is determined that the ROX index is not less than a preset value and the device is in the second operating mode, a fourth notification is sent to the user terminal, wherein the fourth notification indicates a switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode; and

[0156] When a switching confirmation command is received from the user terminal, the device will switch from the current operating mode to another different operating mode.

[0157] In this embodiment, the device can determine its operating mode and, based on the ROX index and the operating mode, determine how to switch the operating mode to send a third or fourth notification to the user terminal. This allows the user (e.g., a doctor) to be alerted that they may need to switch from a first operating mode to a second operating mode, or vice versa. The user can determine whether to switch modes based on the third or fourth notification. If the user determines that the current operating mode needs to be switched based on the third or fourth notification, they send a switch confirmation command to the device via the user terminal. Once the switch confirmation command is received from the user terminal, the device's processor can control the device to switch from the current operating mode to another operating mode.

[0158] Using the respiratory therapy device in this embodiment, the device determines whether to switch operating modes. The user only needs to confirm whether to switch modes, which not only allows patients to receive timely treatment but also reduces the burden on doctors.

[0159] In one embodiment, when the preset triggering strategy is a fully automatic triggering strategy, the processor is further configured to call and execute instructions stored in memory to perform the following operations:

[0160] Determine if the ROX index is less than the preset value;

[0161] Determine the operating mode of the device;

[0162] When it is determined that the ROX index is less than a preset value and the device is in the first operating mode, the device is triggered to switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode; and

[0163] When it is determined that the ROX index is not less than a preset value and the device is in the second operating mode, the device is triggered to switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode.

[0164] In this embodiment, the device can determine its operating mode and determine how to switch the operating mode of the device based on the ROX index and the operating mode of the device. Then, the device can automatically switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode when it is determined that the ROX index is less than a preset value and the device is in the first operating mode, or automatically switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode when it is determined that the ROX index is not less than a preset value and the device is in the second operating mode.

[0165] After the device mode switch is triggered according to any of the preset triggering strategies mentioned above, the user (i.e., the doctor) may need to perform subsequent operations. For example, after switching the device from HFNC mode to NIV mode, the user may need to help the patient put on a ventilation mask; after switching the device from HFNC mode to INV mode, the user may need to insert an endotracheal tube into the patient; after switching the device from INV / NIV mode to HFNC mode, the user may need to help the patient put on a nasal cannula.

[0166] As described above, the ROX index is an important indicator for determining whether to switch the operating mode of a device, and the ROX index is obtained based on a first parameter. In this disclosure, the device mentioned in the above embodiments can obtain the first parameter through different sensors, including SpO2, FiO2, and RR.

[0167] In one possible implementation, the first parameter is measured by different sensors; said sensors include a first sensor configured to measure blood oxygen saturation (i.e., pulse oxygen saturation), a second sensor configured to measure the fraction of oxygen inhaled, and a third sensor configured to measure the respiratory rate; the processor is also configured to invoke and execute instructions stored in memory to perform the following operations:

[0168] The ROX index is calculated based on blood oxygen saturation measured by the first sensor, inhaled oxygen fraction measured by the second sensor, and respiratory rate measured by the third sensor.

[0169] In one possible implementation, the first sensor is a pulse oximeter, the second sensor is an oxygen concentration sensor, and the third sensor is a flow sensor or a pressure sensor. Blood oxygen saturation is the oxygen saturation of the gas delivered to the patient. It should be understood that the gas consists of oxygen and compressed air and is delivered to the patient to provide respiratory support. Other sensors may also be used to measure the first parameter mentioned above, and this disclosure does not limit this.

[0170] In one possible implementation, a sensor for acquiring the first parameter is integrated into the device and communicates with the device, such as... Figure 5 As shown. Figure 5 A schematic block diagram of yet another respiratory therapy device provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 5 The respiratory therapy device 400 includes a memory 401, a processor 402, a bus 403, a first sensor 405, a second sensor 406, and a third sensor 407. In one possible embodiment, the respiratory therapy device 400 may include components having sensors respectively located in the memory 401, a processor 402, a bus 403, a first sensor 405, a second sensor 406, and a third sensor 407. Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4Humidifier assembly 404 has the same function as humidifier assemblies 204, 204', or 304 shown in the diagram. Similarly, memory 401, processor 402, and bus 403 have the same function as those shown in the diagram. Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The memory, processor, and bus shown have the same functions. Sensors 405 to 407 can be communicatively connected to processor 402 and memory 401 via bus 403 to enable data exchange with processor 402 and memory 401.

[0171] In one possible implementation, one or more of the sensors may be external sensors that are communicatively connected to the device.

[0172] In order to obtain the ROX index, in one possible implementation, the processor is also configured to invoke and execute instructions stored in memory to perform the following operations:

[0173] Collect multiple sets of first parameters measured within a preset time interval;

[0174] The temporary ROX index is calculated based on multiple sets of first parameters;

[0175] The ROX index is obtained by averaging the temporary ROX index.

[0176] In one possible implementation, the time interval can be preset by the user via an input device on the device or via a user terminal. For example, the input device includes a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball). Alternatively, the user can input a preset time interval on the user terminal, which can then send a message carrying that preset time interval to the device. As described above, the ROX index can be obtained by averaging the temporary ROX index by calculating the temporary ROX index based on multiple sets of first parameters collected within the preset time interval. In this way, the user can flexibly set the preset time interval as needed, according to the different patient conditions, thereby making mode switching more reasonable.

[0177] In one possible implementation, the device may be configured with an emergency mechanism for obtaining the ROX index through an average temporary ROX index. Specifically, the device may trigger the emergency mechanism when the temporary ROX index is too low. In one possible implementation, the emergency mechanism is triggered when the temporary ROX index falls below a second threshold. In another possible implementation, the emergency mechanism is as follows: when the temporary ROX index falls below the second threshold, the device does not trigger mode switching based on the ROX index obtained through the average temporary ROX index and a preset triggering strategy, but instead triggers mode switching based on the temporary ROX index and the preset triggering strategy. In one possible implementation, the second threshold may be preset by the user. In another possible implementation, when the ROX index is equal to or greater than the second threshold, the emergency mechanism may be canceled; that is, the device may trigger mode switching based on the ROX index obtained through the average temporary ROX index and the triggering strategy.

[0178] Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart of a respiratory therapy method provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure, which can be applied to a respiratory therapy device provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure. As mentioned above, the respiratory therapy device is configured with at least two operating modes, including a first operating mode providing HFNC support to a patient and a second operating mode providing NIV or INV support to a patient. The method includes:

[0179] Step S601, the device obtains the ROX index based on the first parameter; and

[0180] Step S602: The device triggers mode switching based on the ROX index and a preset triggering strategy for switching the device's operating mode.

[0181] As described in the above embodiments, the ROX index is the ratio of pulse oxygen saturation / inspired oxygen fraction to respiratory rate (i.e., SpO2 / FiO2 / RR, where " / " represents a division sign). The first parameters used to obtain the ROX index include SpO2, FiO2, and RR.

[0182] In one possible implementation, the first parameter can be obtained from different sensors. In one possible implementation, the different sensors include a first sensor configured to measure blood oxygen saturation, a second sensor configured to measure the fraction of inhaled oxygen, and a third sensor configured to measure respiratory rate.

[0183] In one possible implementation, step S601, in which the device obtains the ROX index based on the first parameter, may include:

[0184] The device calculates the ROX index based on blood oxygen saturation measured by the first sensor, inhaled oxygen fraction measured by the second sensor, and respiratory rate measured by the third sensor.

[0185] In this embodiment, the device can calculate the ROX index based on the blood oxygen saturation measured by the first sensor, the inhaled oxygen fraction measured by the second sensor, and the respiratory rate measured by the third sensor, thereby obtaining the ROX index.

[0186] In one possible implementation, the first sensor is a pulse oximeter, the second sensor is an oxygen concentration sensor, and the third sensor is a flow sensor or a pressure sensor. It should be understood that other sensors may also be used to measure the first parameter, and this disclosure is not limiting in this regard. In one possible implementation, the sensor for acquiring the first parameter is integrated into the device and communicatively connected to the device. In one possible implementation, one or more of the sensors may be external sensors communicatively connected to the device.

[0187] In one possible implementation, step S601, where the device obtains the ROX index based on the first parameter, may include the following steps (e.g. Figure 7 (As shown in the image):

[0188] Step S701: The device collects multiple sets of first parameters measured within a preset time interval;

[0189] Step S702: The device calculates the temporary ROX index based on multiple sets of first parameters.

[0190] Step S703: Average temporary ROX index of the equipment to obtain the ROX index.

[0191] In this embodiment, before calculating the ROX index based on the first parameter, the device can collect multiple sets of the first parameter measured within a preset time interval. In one possible implementation, this time interval can be preset by the user via an input device on the device or via a user terminal. For example, the input device includes a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball). Alternatively, the user can input the preset time interval on a user terminal, which can then send the preset time interval in a message to the device.

[0192] After collecting multiple sets of first parameters, the device can calculate a temporary ROX index based on each set of first parameters. Specifically, it calculates a temporary ROX index for each set of first parameters to obtain a temporary ROX index corresponding to each set of first parameters. The ROX index is then obtained by averaging the temporary ROX indexes. It should be noted that the ROX index obtained by averaging the temporary ROX index is the ROX index used by the device to trigger mode switching.

[0193] In one possible implementation, the time interval can be preset by the user via an input device on the device or via a user terminal. For example, the input device includes a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball). Alternatively, the user can input a preset time interval on the user terminal, which can then send the preset time interval in a message to the device. As described above, the ROX index can be obtained by averaging the temporary ROX index by calculating the temporary ROX index based on multiple sets of first parameters collected within the preset time interval. In this way, the user can flexibly set the preset time interval as needed, according to the different patient conditions, thereby making the timing of mode switching more reasonable.

[0194] In one possible implementation, the respiratory therapy method may include an emergency mechanism for obtaining a ROX index through an average temporary ROX index. Specifically, the device may trigger the emergency mechanism when the temporary ROX index is too low. In one possible implementation, the emergency mechanism is triggered when the temporary ROX index is below a second threshold. In another possible implementation, the emergency mechanism is as follows: when the temporary ROX index is below the second threshold, the device does not trigger mode switching based on the ROX index obtained through the average temporary ROX index and a preset triggering strategy, but instead triggers mode switching based on the temporary ROX index and the preset triggering strategy. In one possible implementation, the second threshold may be preset by the user. In another possible implementation, when the ROX index is equal to or greater than the second threshold, the emergency mechanism may be canceled; that is, the device may trigger mode switching based on the ROX index obtained through the average temporary ROX index and the triggering strategy.

[0195] In one possible implementation, after obtaining the ROX index based on the first parameter according to the method described above, the mode switching of the device between the first operating mode and the second operating mode can be triggered by the device based on the ROX index and a preset triggering strategy for switching the operating mode of the device. In one possible implementation, the preset triggering strategy can be any one of the following: a manual triggering strategy, a semi-automatic triggering strategy, or a fully automatic triggering strategy.

[0196] In one possible implementation, when the preset triggering strategy is a manual triggering strategy, step S602, which triggers the mode switching of the device based on the ROX index and the preset triggering strategy for switching the operating mode of the device, may include the following steps (e.g. Figure 8 (As shown in the image):

[0197] Step S801: The device determines whether the ROX index is less than a preset value;

[0198] Step S802: When it is determined that the ROX index is less than a preset value, the device sends a first notification to the user terminal, wherein the first notification indicates that the ROX index is less than a preset value.

[0199] Step S803: When it is determined that the ROX index is not less than a preset value, the device sends a second notification to the user terminal, wherein the second notification indicates that the ROX index is not less than a preset value.

[0200] Step S804: The device triggers a mode switch based on a switching command from the user.

[0201] As described above, the preset value for the ROX index can be 4.88. This threshold can be used to identify patients who may be at high risk of HFNC failure. In one possible implementation, this threshold can be preset by the user.

[0202] In this embodiment, a determination is made as to whether the ROX index is less than a preset value. When the device determines that the ROX index is less than the preset value, a first notification is sent to the user terminal to remind the user that the ROX index is less than the preset value (i.e., the patient may be at high risk of HFNC failure). The user can then determine whether a mode switch is needed based on the first notification. When the device determines that the ROX index is not less than the preset value, a second notification is sent to the user terminal to remind the user that the ROX index is not less than the preset value (i.e., the patient may not be at high risk of HFNC failure). The user can then determine whether a mode switch is needed based on the second notification.

[0203] For example, after a user is notified by their user terminal that the ROX index is less than or not less than a preset value, the user can trigger a switching command through their user terminal to switch the device's operating mode. In this example, the user already knows the device's current operating mode. If the user does not know the device's current operating mode, the user terminal can also obtain the device's operating mode based on communication with the device, such as through requests and responses, and then the user can learn the device's current operating mode from their user terminal.

[0204] For example, after a user is notified by the user terminal that the ROX index is less than or not less than a preset value, the user can visit the patient to understand the patient's actual physical condition and the operating mode of the device, and further determine whether a mode switch is needed based on the device's operating mode and the patient's actual physical condition. If the user decides to switch the device's operating mode, the user can trigger a switching command through an input device on the device. For example, the user can trigger a switching command by touching a button on the device to generate a switching command, and then the device can switch modes based on the generated switching command. Alternatively, the user can trigger a switching command through the user terminal. For example, the user can trigger a switching command by touching controls on the terminal device's screen or a button on the terminal device, and then the terminal device can generate a switching command and send the switching command to the device. Once the respiratory therapy device receives the switching command from the user, the respiratory therapy device can switch its operating mode.

[0205] In one possible implementation, when the device is in a first operating mode, a switching instruction indicates a switch from the first operating mode to a second operating mode; when the device is in a second operating mode, a switching instruction indicates a switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode.

[0206] According to the respiratory treatment method, the ROX index is obtained based on the first parameter, and the device mode switching is triggered according to the ROX index and the preset trigger strategy for switching the device operation mode. The ROX index, which can reflect the patient's physical condition, can be automatically monitored and the user is notified of the ROX index in a timely manner to provide the user with a basis for determining whether to switch modes. This allows the user to understand the changes in the ROX index without frequently checking the device, and can further make appropriate responses in a timely manner so that the patient can receive timely treatment.

[0207] In one possible implementation, when the preset triggering strategy is a semi-automatic triggering strategy, step S602, which triggers the mode switching of the device based on the ROX index and the preset triggering strategy for switching the operating mode of the device, may include the following steps:

[0208] S901, the device determines whether the ROX index is less than a preset value;

[0209] S902, the device determines the operating mode of the device;

[0210] S903, when it is determined that the ROX index is less than a preset value and the device is in the first operating mode, a third notification is sent to the user terminal, wherein the third notification indicates a switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode.

[0211] S904, when it is determined that the ROX index is not less than a preset value and the device is in the second operating mode, a fourth notification is sent to the user terminal, wherein the fourth notification indicates a switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode; and

[0212] S905, when the device receives a switching confirmation command from the user terminal, the device switches from the current operating mode to another different operating mode.

[0213] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 9A As shown, Figure 9A This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a semi-automatic triggering strategy for initiating mode switching in a respiratory therapy device. In step S901, a determination is made as to whether the ROX index is less than a preset value (e.g., 4.88). In step S902, the device determines its current operating mode. It should be noted that step S902 can be executed before, after, or during step S901; this embodiment does not limit this. Based on the determination results of steps S901 and S902, the device can send a third or fourth notification to the user terminal to remind the user that a mode switch between a first and second operating mode may be necessary.

[0214] Specifically, in step S903, when it is determined that the ROX index is less than a preset value (i.e., the patient may be at high risk of HFNC failure) and the device is currently in the first operating mode (i.e., HFNC mode), the device may send a third notification to the user terminal to remind the user that it may be necessary to switch from the first operating mode (HFNC mode) to the second operating mode (NIV mode or INV mode). The user can then confirm whether to switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode through the user terminal. In one possible scenario, the ROX index is less than a preset value but the device is not in the first operating mode, i.e., the patient may be at high risk of HFNC failure but the device is in NIV / INV mode (i.e., the second operating mode). In this scenario, it may be necessary to switch operating modes. For example, when the ROX index is less than a preset value and the device is in NIV mode, but the patient's condition may deteriorate and INV support is needed; or, for example, when the ROX index is less than a preset value and the device is in INV mode, but the patient's condition may improve and NIV support is needed. Considering these circumstances, in one possible implementation, the device may send a notification only when the ROX index is less than a preset value, wherein the notification indicates that the ROX index is less than the preset value. Accordingly, step S602, which triggers the mode switching of the device based on the ROX index and a preset triggering strategy for switching the device's operating mode, may further include, as follows: Figure 9BStep S906 is shown. Figure 9B This is a schematic flowchart illustrating another semi-automatic triggering strategy for initiating mode switching of a respiratory therapy device. When the device determines in step S901 that the ROX index is less than a preset value, and in step S902 that the device is in the second operating mode, in step S906 the device sends a fifth notification to the user terminal to remind the user that the ROX index is less than the preset value. This allows the user to be reminded to visit the patient to understand their condition, and the user can decide whether to upgrade the treatment from NIV mode to INV mode or downgrade the treatment from INV mode to NIV mode.

[0215] Specifically, in step 904, when it is determined that the ROX index is not less than a preset value and the device is in the second operating mode, the device can send a fourth notification to the user terminal to remind the user that it may be necessary to switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode. The user can then confirm via the user terminal whether to switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode. In a possible scenario, the ROX index is not less than the preset value and the device is not in the second operating mode, i.e., HFNC mode is required and the device is currently in HFNC mode. In this case, the device does not need to send a notification to the user. Accordingly, step S602, which triggers the device mode switch based on the ROX index and a preset trigger strategy for switching the device's operating mode, may also include, as follows: Figure 8 Step S907 is shown in Figure B. In step S901, when the device determines that the ROX index is not less than a preset value, and in step S902, the device determines that it is in a first operating mode, then in step S907, the device remains in its current operating mode, that is, the device remains in the first operating mode.

[0216] According to the third or fourth notification, the user can send a switching confirmation command to the device via the user terminal or directly via the input device or button on the device to confirm whether a mode switch between the first and second operating modes has been triggered. Thus, when the device receives the switching confirmation command from the user terminal, it switches from the current operating mode to another different operating mode.

[0217] In one possible implementation, the step of determining the device's operating mode can be performed after the step of determining whether the ROX index is less than a preset value. In this case, the determination of whether the ROX index is less than the preset value is performed, and then the current operating mode of the device is determined based on the result of the determination that the ROX index is less than the preset value.

[0218] In this embodiment, when the ROX index is less than a preset value, the device continues to determine whether the current operating mode is the first operating mode. In the scenario where the ROX index is less than the preset value, when the current operating mode of the device is in the first operating mode, that is, provided that the device determines that the ROX index is less than the preset value (i.e., the patient may be at high risk of HFNC failure) and the device is currently in the first operating mode (i.e., HFNC mode), the device can send a third notification to the user terminal to remind the user that it may be necessary to switch from the first operating mode (HFNC mode) to the second operating mode (NIV mode or INV mode). Then the user can confirm through the user terminal whether to switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode.

[0219] When the ROX index is not less than a preset value (i.e., the ROX index is equal to or greater than a preset value), the device continues to determine whether the current operating mode is in the second operating mode. In the scenario where the ROX index is not less than the preset value, when the current operating mode of the device is in the second operating mode, that is, provided that the device determines that the ROX index is not less than the preset value (i.e., the patient may not be at high risk of HFNC failure) and the device is currently in the second operating mode (NIV mode or INV mode), the device can send a fourth notification to the user terminal to remind the user that it may be necessary to switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode. Then the user can confirm through the user terminal whether to switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode.

[0220] According to the third or fourth notification, the user can send a switching confirmation command to the device through the user terminal to confirm whether the mode switch between the first and second operating modes has been triggered. Thus, when the device receives the switching confirmation command from the user terminal, it switches from the current operating mode to another different operating mode.

[0221] In one possible implementation, when the user terminal receives a notification (a third or fourth notification), it displays the operating mode to be switched to and shows "Confirm" and "Cancel" buttons. The user can press the "Confirm" button to send a "Confirm" command (i.e., a switch confirmation command) to the device; or, the user can select the "Cancel" button to send a "Cancel" command (i.e., a switch cancellation command instructing the user terminal to cancel the mode switch) to the device. In one possible implementation, when the device receives a switch cancellation command from the user terminal, the device maintains its current operating mode.

[0222] In this implementation, the device determines whether to switch operating modes, and the user only needs to confirm whether to switch modes. This not only allows patients to receive timely treatment but also reduces the burden on doctors.

[0223] In one possible implementation, when the preset triggering strategy is a fully automatic triggering strategy, step S602, which triggers the mode switching of the device based on the ROX index and the preset triggering strategy for switching the operating mode of the device, may include the following steps:

[0224] S1001, the device determines whether the ROX index is less than a preset value;

[0225] S1002, the device determines the operating mode of the device;

[0226] S1003, when it is determined that the ROX index is less than a preset value and the device is in the first operating mode, the device switches from the first operating mode to the second operating mode; and

[0227] S1004, when it is determined that the ROX index is not less than a preset value and the device is in the second operating mode, the device switches from the second operating mode to the first operating mode.

[0228] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 10A The diagram shown is a schematic flowchart of a fully automatic triggering strategy for triggering mode switching of a respiratory therapy device. Similar to a semi-automatic triggering strategy, in the fully automatic triggering strategy, step S1001 determines whether the ROX index is less than a preset value (e.g., 4.88). In step S1002, the device determines its current operating mode. It should be noted that step S1002 can be executed before, after, or during step S1001; this embodiment does not limit the execution of these steps.

[0229] The difference between the semi-automatic and fully automatic triggering strategies lies in the fact that, in the fully automatic triggering strategy, the device automatically switches modes as needed without user confirmation. Based on the judgment results of steps S1001 and S1002, the device can trigger a mode switch between the first and second operating modes. Specifically, when it is determined that the ROX index is less than a preset value and the device is in the first operating mode, the device switches from the first operating mode to the second operating mode (step S1003); and when it is determined that the ROX index is not less than a preset value and the device is in the second operating mode, the device switches from the second operating mode to the first operating mode (step S1004).

[0230] In contrast, if the ROX index is less than a preset value but the device is not in the first operating mode, or if the ROX index is not less than a preset value but the device is not in the second operating mode, the device remains in the current operating mode and does not switch modes. Accordingly, step S602, which triggers the mode switching of the device based on the ROX index and a preset triggering strategy for switching the device's operating mode, may include, for example... Figure 10B Step S1005 is shown. Figure 10B This is a schematic flowchart illustrating another fully automatic triggering strategy for initiating mode switching of a respiratory therapy device. When the device determines in step S1001 that the ROX index is less than a preset value, but in step S1002 it is determined that the device is in a second operating mode; or when the device determines in step S1001 that the ROX index is not less than a preset value and in step S1002 it is determined that the device is in a first operating mode, in step S1005 the device remains in the current operating mode without requiring mode switching.

[0231] In this embodiment, the operating mode of the device and how to switch the operating mode can be determined directly and automatically by the device itself. The mode switching can be triggered automatically, so that the user does not need to determine or confirm whether to switch the operating mode, and the patient can receive timely treatment.

[0232] The device can switch between HFNC mode and NIV / INV mode using any of the three preset strategies described above.

[0233] In one possible implementation, such as for Figure 2 As described, the device is equipped with a humidification component configured to humidify the airflow delivered to the patient.

[0234] In one possible implementation, such as for Figure 3 As described, the humidification assembly includes a temperature sensor and a heating element connected to the temperature sensor, the temperature sensor being configured to measure the temperature of the heating element when the device is operating in a first operating mode or a second operating mode.

[0235] In one possible implementation, such as for Figure 4 As described, the device is equipped with a flow sensor configured to measure the flow rate of airflow.

[0236] In one possible implementation, the humidity of the airflow can be adjusted by the humidification component based on the flow rate. More specifically, the humidity of the airflow can be adjusted by the humidification component based on the flow rate by combining the coarse and fine adjustments described above.

[0237] In this embodiment, the ROX index, the operation mode switching using the ROX index, and three different ventilation modes, including HFNC, NIV, and INV, can all be implemented in a single integrated device to provide patients with timely and appropriate treatment. Furthermore, in this embodiment, these three ventilation modes can share the same humidification and heating components and be uniformly controlled by the processor, thereby achieving high-precision humidification and temperature control for better clinical outcomes.

[0238] Furthermore, this disclosure also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement a respiratory treatment method according to embodiments of this disclosure.

[0239] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of this disclosure can be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. The processor can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor, or it can be any conventional processor, etc.

[0240] It is understood that the memory in the embodiments of this disclosure can be volatile memory, non-volatile memory, or both. Non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), electrically EPROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which serves as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct bus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory in the devices and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

Claims

1. A respiratory treatment device, wherein, The device is configured with at least two operating modes, and the at least two operating modes include a first operating mode that provides nasal high-flow oxygen therapy (HFNC) support to the patient and a second operating mode that provides non-invasive ventilation (NIV) support or invasive ventilation (INV) support to the patient. The device includes a processor and a memory storing instructions, the processor being configured to invoke and execute the instructions stored in the memory to perform the following operations: The respiratory rate and oxygenation ROX index are obtained based on the first parameter. as well as The device mode switching is triggered based on the ROX index and a preset triggering strategy for switching the device's operating mode; Specifically, when obtaining the respiratory rate oxygenation ROX index based on the first parameter, the processor performs the following operations: Collect multiple sets of the first parameter measured within a preset time interval; and Calculate the temporary ROX index based on the multiple sets of first parameters; The ROX index is obtained by averaging the temporary ROX index. The time interval is set according to the condition of different patients; The device is configured with an emergency mechanism, which is as follows: when the temporary ROX index is lower than a second threshold, the device does not switch modes based on the ROX index obtained by averaging the temporary ROX index and the preset triggering strategy, but instead switches modes based on the temporary ROX index and the preset triggering strategy; when the ROX index is equal to or greater than the second threshold, the emergency mechanism is canceled, that is, the device triggers mode switching based on the ROX index obtained by averaging the temporary ROX index and the triggering strategy; wherein the second threshold is preset by the user. The device is equipped with a humidification component and a flow sensor. The humidification component is configured to humidify the airflow delivered to the patient. The humidification component includes a temperature sensor and a heating element connected to the temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is configured to measure the temperature of the heating element when the device is operating in a first operating mode or a second operating mode. The flow sensor is configured to measure the flow rate of the airflow. The processor is also configured to invoke and execute the instructions stored in the memory to perform the following operations: The temperature of the heating element is adjusted using the following formula: ； wherein is the temperature of the heating element at time ; is the gas flow rate through the chamber at time , prior to heating and humidifying the airflow; , , ,..., , are coefficients of a polynomial equation, wherein n is a positive integer, and the coefficients are pre-stored in a memory; The gas flow rate is controlled within a set range and increases from the minimum flow rate to the maximum flow rate in fixed increments. By recording the value of each gas flow rate and the temperature of the heating element when the desired temperature is reached, the relationship between the gas flow rate and the temperature of the heating element is obtained, thereby obtaining the coefficients of the polynomial equation.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein, The humidity of the airflow can be adjusted by the humidification component based on the flow rate.

3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The preset triggering strategy is one of the following: a manual triggering strategy, a semi-automatic triggering strategy, or a fully automatic triggering strategy.

4. The device according to claim 3, wherein, When the preset triggering strategy is the manual triggering strategy, The processor is also configured to invoke and execute the instructions stored in the memory to perform the following operations: Determine whether the ROX index is less than a preset value; When it is determined that the ROX index is less than the preset value, a first notification is sent to the user terminal, wherein the first notification indicates that the ROX index is less than the preset value; When it is determined that the ROX index is not less than the preset value, a second notification is sent to the user terminal, wherein the second notification indicates that the ROX index is not less than the preset value; and The device's mode switching is triggered based on a switching command from the user.

5. The device according to claim 4, wherein, When the device is in the first operating mode, the switching command indicates a switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode; as well as When the device is in the second operating mode, the switching instruction indicates a switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode.

6. The device according to claim 3, wherein, When the preset triggering strategy is the semi-automatic triggering strategy, the processor is also configured to call and execute the instructions stored in the memory to perform the following operations: Determine whether the ROX index is less than a preset value; Determine the operating mode of the device; When it is determined that the ROX index is less than the preset value and the device is in the first operating mode, a third notification is sent to the user terminal, wherein the third notification indicates a switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode. When it is determined that the ROX index is not less than the preset value and the device is in the second operating mode, a fourth notification is sent to the user terminal, wherein the fourth notification indicates a switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode. as well as When a switching confirmation command is received from the user terminal, the device is switched from the current operating mode to another different operating mode.

7. The device according to claim 3, wherein, When the preset triggering strategy is the fully automatic triggering strategy The processor is also configured to invoke and execute the instructions stored in the memory to perform the following operations: Determine whether the ROX index is less than a preset value; Determine the operating mode of the device; When it is determined that the ROX index is less than the preset value and the device is in the first operating mode, the device is triggered to switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode; as well as When it is determined that the ROX index is not less than the preset value and the device is in the second operating mode, the device is triggered to switch from the second operating mode to the first operating mode.

8. The device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4-7, wherein, The first parameter is measured by different sensors; the sensors include a first sensor configured to measure blood oxygen saturation, a second sensor configured to measure the fraction of inhaled oxygen, and a third sensor configured to measure the respiratory rate; and The processor is also configured to invoke and execute the instructions stored in the memory to perform the following operations: The ROX index is calculated based on the blood oxygen saturation measured by the first sensor, the inhaled oxygen fraction measured by the second sensor, and the respiratory rate measured by the third sensor.

9. The device according to claim 8, wherein, The first sensor is a pulse oximeter, the second sensor is an oxygen concentration sensor, and the third sensor is a flow sensor or a pressure sensor.

10. The device according to claim 8, wherein, The sensor is integrated into the device.

11. The device according to claim 8, wherein, The sensor is communicatively connected to the device.

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