Method for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel in ecological jujube forests to fields and its supporting equipment

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel in ecological jujube orchards to the fields in a deep layer, and its supporting equipment. The method belongs to the field of returning to the fields in a deep layer, and includes a frame, and the top of the frame is connected to a surrounding motion mechanism. The surrounding motion mechanism includes a clamp ring arranged on the outside of the jujube tree, and a slide is slidably connected inside the clamp ring. One side of the slide is connected to a mobile device body via a connecting rod, and the bottom of the mobile device body is connected to a moving wheel for driving the frame to move radially around the clamp ring through the mobile device body. The present invention provides a method for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel in ecological jujube orchards in arid areas to the fields in a deep layer, provides an optimal particle size ratio for the rapid reduction of weathered gravel in the soil, realizes the efficient utilization of weathered gravel left in the field, reduces the high cost of soluble fertilizers and the risk of desertification, and is conducive to the restoration of degraded sand fields in arid areas and the reconstruction of agricultural ecosystems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of returning farmland to soil, and in particular relates to a method for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel in an ecological jujube forest to farmland in a deep layer and its supporting equipment. Background Art

[0002] In the arid regions of northwest my country, gravel mulch is considered a conservation tillage practice for improving soil properties and enhancing crop production efficiency. However, the quality of sandy fields is susceptible to varying degrees of degradation due to long-term human activities and climate change, resulting in the abandonment of large numbers of aging sandy fields. The mixture of abandoned weathered gravel and waste left on the soil surface has become an urgent ecological challenge. On the other hand, to balance ecological, economic, and social benefits, the local government has selected economic trees such as jujube trees to transform degraded sandy fields. However, soil impoverishment has become a major practical issue hindering their growth, development, and yield quality.

[0003] Currently, the restoration and ecological management of degraded sandy fields involve various agricultural, biological, and engineering control measures. However, the weathering process of gravel in sandy fields is slow, and its cracking rate is still very slow and lagging compared to the large amount of abandoned gravel and the growth and development of jujube trees. Therefore, how to accelerate the cracking of weathered gravel and further promote the release of mineral elements in the gravel is the key to the efficient restoration of degraded sandy fields. Given this, it is urgent to explore a method and supporting equipment suitable for the deep enrichment and return of abandoned weathered gravel in ecological jujube forests to the fields. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of complex processing technology in the process of enriching and returning weathered gravel to the field, and to propose a method for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel to the field and its supporting equipment.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel in an ecological jujube forest to a field in a deep layer is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Collect gravel around the jujube tree;

[0008] S2. Screen the collected gravel into at least three sizes:

[0009] S3. Trenching: Use trenching equipment to dig three trenches of different depths around the date tree;

[0010] S4, injection: inject three different sizes of gravel into three ring trenches respectively;

[0011] S5. Backfill: backfill the excavated soil into the ring ditch;

[0012] S6. Spread sand on the surface of the ditch and compact it after spreading to complete the return of the soil to the field.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0014] The screening particle sizes of the gravel are respectively >30mm, 10-30mm and <10mm; the paving sand in S6 is gravel with a particle size of 10-30mm; and the groove depth in S3 increases from the inside to the outside.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0016] It also includes alternate wet-dry irrigation on the surface of the gravel cover.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0018] The invention relates to a device for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel to the field in an ecological date forest, comprising a frame, the top of which is connected to a surrounding motion mechanism, the surrounding motion mechanism comprising a clamp ring disposed outside the date tree, a slide seat slidably connected within the clamp ring, one side of the slide seat being connected to a mobile device body via a connecting rod, and a moving wheel connected to the bottom of the mobile device body for driving the frame to move radially around the clamp ring via the mobile device body;

[0019] The bottom of the frame is connected to a shoveling mechanism, the inside of the frame is connected to a gravel screening mechanism, and the end of the shoveling mechanism is located at the top of the gravel screening mechanism, and the side of the frame away from the shoveling mechanism is provided with an axially liftable planing mechanism, and the rear side of the planing mechanism is connected to a soil covering mechanism, which is used for screening gravel after taking soil around by the shoveling mechanism and returning the soil to the field.

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0021] The clamp ring includes two arc-shaped portions, and a connecting plate is connected to the radial position of the edge of the arc-shaped portion of the clamp ring, and adjacent connecting plates are coupled by connecting pieces, and the sliding seat is a corresponding arc-shaped portion, and the sliding seat chambers on both sides are combined to form a gap for accommodating the rotation of the sliding seat, and a blocking ring is connected to the edge position of one side of the opposite surface of the sliding seat cavity, which is used to limit the escape of the sliding seat, and one side of the sliding seat is connected to a placement plate through a pin rod and a hinge plate, and the top of the placement plate is connected to the side of the connecting rod close to the sliding seat through a fixed block.

[0022] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0023] The shovel mechanism includes multiple shovel bodies, and the multiple shovel bodies are rotatably connected to one side of the frame through a flip shaft body. The shovel bodies are located in front of the moving side of the frame. A flip cylinder is connected to one side of the frame, and the flip cylinder output shaft is connected to one side of the flip shaft body.

[0024] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0025] The end of the shovel body is connected to a guide pad for guiding gravel discharge.

[0026] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0027] The planing mechanism includes a mounting plate, and connecting frames are connected on both sides of the mounting plate, and the connecting frames are fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting rod. A plurality of electric push rods are installed on the top of the mounting plate, and the top of the electric push rod is connected to a limiting block, and the bottom of the limiting block is connected to a sliding rod, and the bottom end of the sliding rod is connected to the planer body.

[0028] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0029] The gravel screening mechanism includes a first screen belt, a second screen belt and a third screen belt rotatably connected to the frame, the first screen belt, the second screen belt and the third screen belt are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and one end of the first screen belt is located on one side of the end of the shovel body, and the grid apertures of the first screen belt, the second screen belt and the third screen belt decrease from top to bottom, and the first screen belt, the second screen belt and the third screen belt are connected to each other through a transmission mechanism, the lengths of the first screen belt, the second screen belt and the third screen belt decrease in sequence, and a first gravel box is provided at the bottom of the gap between the first screen belt and the second screen belt, and a second gravel box is provided at the bottom of the gap between the second screen belt and the third screen belt, and a third gravel box is provided at the bottom of the third screen belt, and the first gravel box, the second gravel box and the third gravel box are all connected to the gravel bottom, and one side of the first gravel box, the second gravel box and the third gravel box are all connected to a conveying mechanism, and the conveying mechanism is connected to a sand falling drum through a conveying pipe, and the sand falling drum is connected to the rear side of the digging mechanism for conveying the screened gravel into the groove digged by the digging mechanism.

[0030] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0031] The covering mechanism includes a guide plate, a connecting block is connected to the front side of the guide plate, and the connecting block is connected to the frame, and a connecting column is connected to the bottom of one side of the guide plate, and the bottom of the connecting column is connected to the support plate, and both sides of the support plate are rotatably connected to hinge blocks, and one side of the hinge block is connected to a covering wheel, and the covering wheels on both sides are configured to have a closing angle with a gradually smaller opening, so as to cover the excavated trench with soil.

[0032] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] 1. The present invention provides a method for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel in ecological jujube forests in arid areas to the fields in deep layers, provides an optimal particle size ratio for the rapid reduction of weathered gravel in the soil, realizes the efficient utilization of weathered gravel left in the fields, reduces the high cost of soluble fertilizers and the risk of desertification, and is conducive to the restoration of degraded sandy fields in arid areas and the reconstruction of agricultural ecosystems.

[0034] 2. In the present invention, the gravel screening mechanism is designed. After the surface sand is scooped up by the shovel and guided to the top of the first screen belt, the gravel smaller than the mesh diameter can fall down to the second screen belt at the bottom when the first screen belt is working, so that the gravel with a particle size larger than 30 mm can be screened out and transported to the first gravel box. The gravel falling into the second screen belt can screen out the gravel with a particle size of 10-30 mm and transport it to the second gravel box, and the gravel smaller than 10 mm can be transported to the third gravel box through the third screen belt. After the surface gravel is scooped up, it can be screened, which is convenient for subsequent field return treatment. It can realize rapid classification and mechanical screening of the sand and soil mixed cover on the surface of the degraded sand field, improve the sand screening efficiency, and further meet the weathered gravel particle size combination under different requirements.

[0035] 3. In the present invention, through the horizontal arrangement of multiple shovel machine bodies, it is possible to achieve excavation of different depths of the outer grooves of the center of the jujube tree, which is conducive to placing the screened gravel of different particle sizes into the groove after excavation; it is conducive to reshaping the warming and moisture conservation effect of the sand field through the gravel spreading operation; at the same time, it can meet the excavation needs of a single jujube tree at different horizontal distances and burial depths, which is conducive to rapid operation and ensures the deep ditch implicit gravel return effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the equipment for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel to the field in the ecological jujube forest proposed by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 The present invention proposes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the enlarged part A;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the surrounding motion mechanism of the equipment for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel to the field in the ecological jujube forest proposed by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the frame disassembly structure of the equipment for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel to the field in the ecological jujube forest proposed by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral structure of the equipment for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel to the field in the ecological jujube forest proposed by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6The present invention proposes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the enlarged portion B;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal structure of the equipment for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel to the field in the ecological jujube forest proposed by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the soil-digging mechanism of the equipment for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel to the field in the ecological jujube forest proposed by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the soil covering mechanism structure of the equipment for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel to the field in the ecological jujube forest proposed by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the gravel screening mechanism of the deep-layer field-returning equipment for enriching abandoned weathered gravel in the ecological jujube forest proposed by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 11 This is a schematic side half-section structure diagram of the equipment for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel to the field in the ecological jujube forest proposed by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the shoveling structure of the deep-layer field-returning equipment for enriching abandoned weathered gravel in the ecological jujube forest proposed by the present invention.

[0048] Legend:

[0049] 1. Frame; 2. Surrounding motion mechanism; 201. Sliding seat; 202. Blocking ring; 203. Clamp ring; 204. Connecting plate; 205. Sliding seat; 206. Fixing block; 207. Connecting rod; 208. Mobile device body; 209. Moving wheel; 210. Limit bolt; 3. Scraping mechanism; 301. Connecting frame; 302. Mounting plate; 303. Scraper body; 304. Sliding rod; 305. Guide rod; 306. Electric push rod; 307. Limit block; 4. Shoveling mechanism; 401. Shovel body; 402. Guide pad; 403. Flip cylinder ; 5. Gravel screening mechanism; 501. First screen belt; 502. Second screen belt; 503. Third screen belt; 504. Transmission mechanism; 505. First gravel box; 506. Second gravel box; 507. Third gravel box; 508. First guide plate; 509. Second guide plate; 510. Conveying mechanism; 511. Conveying pipe; 512. Sand falling cylinder; 6. Placing plate; 7. Covering mechanism; 701. Guide plate; 702. Limit bolt; 703. Connecting block; 704. Connecting column; 705. Support plate; 706. Articulated block; 707. Covering wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a method for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel in an ecological jujube forest to a field, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0052] S1. Collect gravel around the jujube tree;

[0053] S2. Screen the collected gravel into at least three sizes:

[0054] S3. Trenching: Use trenching equipment to dig three trenches of different depths around the date trees;

[0055] S4, injection: inject three different sizes of gravel into three ring trenches respectively;

[0056] S5. Backfill: backfill the excavated soil into the ring ditch;

[0057] S6. Spread sand on the surface of the ring ditch and compact it after spreading to complete the return of the soil to the field;

[0058] The screening particle sizes of gravel are >30mm, 10-30mm and <10mm respectively. The sand in S6 is gravel with a particle size of 10-30mm. The trench depth in S3 increases from the inside to the outside, and alternating dry and wet irrigation is also included on the surface of the gravel cover layer.

[0059] Use drip irrigation with a water quota of 5L·d -1 ·Tree -1 The watering frequency is 3 times a day, and the watering time is 14:00, 15:00 and 16:00 every day on sunny days, and each watering lasts for 15 minutes;

[0060] See also Figure 1-12 The device for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel to the field in an ecological jujube forest includes a frame 1, and the top of the frame 1 is connected to a surrounding motion mechanism 2, the surrounding motion mechanism 2 includes a clamp ring 203 configured on the outside of the jujube tree, and a slide 205 is slidably connected in the clamp ring 203, and one side of the slide 205 is connected to a mobile device body 208 through a connecting rod 207, and the bottom of the mobile device body 208 is connected to a moving wheel 209, which is used to drive the frame 1 to move radially around the clamp ring 203 through the mobile device body 208;

[0061] A shoveling mechanism 4 is connected to the bottom of the frame 1, a gravel screening mechanism 5 is connected to the inside of the frame 1, and the end of the shoveling mechanism 4 is located at the top of the gravel screening mechanism 5, and a digging mechanism 3 that can be axially lifted and lowered is provided on the side of the frame 1 away from the shoveling mechanism 4, and a covering mechanism 7 is connected to the rear side of the digging mechanism 3, which is used to screen gravel after taking soil around by the shoveling mechanism 4 and return the soil to the field.

[0062] The specific implementation method is as follows: wherein, the frame 1 can also be rotated around the clamp ring 203 to take soil by an external tractor, or driven and moved by the mobile device body 208 on one side;

[0063] See also Figure 3 , the clamp ring 203 includes two arc-shaped portions, and the radial edge of the arc-shaped portion of the clamp ring 203 is connected to a connecting plate 204, and adjacent connecting plates 204 are coupled by connecting members, wherein the connecting member can be a fastening screw, and the sliding seat 201 is a corresponding arc-shaped portion, and the chambers of the sliding seats 201 on both sides are combined to form a gap for accommodating the rotation of the sliding seat 205, and a blocking ring 202 is connected to the edge position of one side of the opposite surface of the cavity of the sliding seat 201 for limiting the disengagement of the sliding seat 205, and one side of the sliding seat 205 is connected to the placement plate 6 through a pin rod and a hinge plate, and the top of the placement plate 6 is connected to the side of the connecting rod 207 close to the sliding seat 201 through a fixed block 206;

[0064] When the driving part of the outer mobile device body 208 drives the bottom moving wheel 209 to rotate, the moving wheel 209 can pull the top connecting rod 207 and the placement plate 6 to move and drive the slide 205 to slide in the slide seat 201, and the hinge connection between the slide 205 and the front placement plate 6 can reduce the interference during traction by rotation. Under the limiting action of the slide seat 201, the slide 205 can rotate around the axis of the slide seat 201, so that the driving mobile device body 208 can control the frame 1 to drive the front shovel mechanism 4 to rotate and take soil to facilitate subsequent gravel screening;

[0065] Furthermore, the designed blocking ring 202 can prevent the slide 205 from rotating and deviating when rotating within the slide seat 201. In addition, to prevent the mobile device body 208 and the connecting rod 207 from axial rotation, a limit bolt 210 is threadedly connected between the mobile device and the connecting rod 207.

[0066] See also Figure 5-6The shovel mechanism 4 includes multiple shovel bodies 401, and the number of shovel bodies 401 should correspond to the number of trenching, and the multiple shovel bodies 401 are rotatably connected to one side of the frame 1 through a flip shaft, and the shovel body 401 is located on the front side of the moving side of the frame 1, and the end of the shovel body 401 is connected to a guide pad 402 for guiding gravel discharge, and a flip cylinder 403 is connected to one side of the frame 1, and the output shaft of the flip cylinder 403 is connected to one side of the flip shaft, wherein the shoveling depth is 10 to 20 cm, and the shoveling amplitude of the multiple shovel bodies 401 should be 120 to 130 cm.

[0067] The specific implementation method is as follows: when the frame 1 moves, the shovel body 401 can be rotated downward to contact the ground by working the flip cylinder 403. At this time, the shovel body 401 can shovel the gravel in the shallow layer of the ground and send it into the gravel screening mechanism 5 through the rear guide pad 402, so that the shoveling depth with the ground can be adjusted through the rotatable shovel body 401, which is conducive to adapting to the shoveling needs of different depths.

[0068] See also Figure 9 The planing mechanism 3 includes a mounting plate 302, and both sides of the mounting plate 302 are connected to a connecting frame 301, the connecting frame 301 is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting rod 207, a plurality of electric push rods 306 are installed on the top of the mounting plate 302, and the top of the electric push rod 306 is connected to a limit block 307, and the bottom of the limit block 307 is connected to a slide rod 304, and the bottom end of the slide rod 304 is connected to the planer body 303;

[0069] Guide rods 305 are connected to both sides of the top of the shovel body 303, and the guide rods 305 are slidably connected to the top of the mounting plate 302 to limit the axial rotation of the slide rod 304 and improve the angular fit of the shovel body 303;

[0070] Furthermore, the main body 303 of the earthmoving machine is integrally connected with a rotary drive unit, and the rotary drive unit is an oil-driven or electric-driven rotary drive unit. This part is a trenching machine in the prior art and will not be further described.

[0071] The blades of the shovel main body 303 can adjust the shovel angle to suit the radial rotation radius during shoveling.

[0072] The gravel screening mechanism 5 includes a first screen belt 501, a second screen belt 502 and a third screen belt 503 rotatably connected to the frame 1. The first screen belt 501, the second screen belt 502 and the third screen belt 503 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and one end of the first screen belt 501 is located on one side of the end of the shovel body 401, and the mesh apertures of the first screen belt 501, the second screen belt 502 and the third screen belt 503 decrease from top to bottom, and the first screen belt 501, the second screen belt 502 and the third screen belt 503 are connected to each other through a transmission mechanism 504. In this embodiment, the transmission mechanism 504 is a multiple sprocket mechanism driven by a motor, and the sprockets are respectively connected to the driving rollers of the first screen belt 501, the second screen belt 502 and the third screen belt 503 at corresponding positions;

[0073] The lengths of the first screen belt 501, the second screen belt 502 and the third screen belt 503 decrease in sequence, and a first gravel box 505 is provided at the bottom of the gap between the first screen belt 501 and the second screen belt 502, and a second gravel box 506 is provided at the bottom of the gap between the second screen belt 502 and the third screen belt 503, and a third gravel box 507 is provided at the bottom of the third screen belt 503, and the first gravel box 505, the second gravel box 506 and the third gravel box 507 are all connected to the gravel bottom, and one side of the first gravel box 505, the second gravel box 506 and the third gravel box 507 are all connected to a conveying mechanism 510, and the conveying mechanism 510 is connected to a sand falling drum 512 through a conveying pipe 511, and the sand falling drum 512 is connected to the rear side of the digging mechanism 3, for conveying the screened gravel into the groove dug by the digging mechanism 3;

[0074] Furthermore, a first guide plate 508 and a second guide plate 509 are arranged in the gaps between the first screen belt 501, the second screen belt 502 and the third screen belt 503, and the first guide plate 508 and the second guide plate 509 are configured to be internally inclined for guiding the falling materials to the corresponding first gravel box 505 and the second gravel box 506;

[0075] When the shovel scoops up the surface sand and guides it to the top of the first screen belt 501, the gravel smaller than the mesh size of the first screen belt 501 can fall down to the second screen belt 502 at the bottom, so that the gravel with a particle size greater than 30 mm can be screened out and transported to the first gravel box 505. The gravel falling into the second screen belt 502 can screen out gravel with a particle size of 10-30 mm and transport it to the second gravel box 506, and the gravel smaller than 10 mm can be transported to the third gravel box 507 through the third screen belt 503, so that the surface gravel can be screened after shoveling, which is convenient for subsequent field return treatment;

[0076] In another embodiment, the transmission mechanism 504 between the first screen belt 501, the second screen belt 502 and the third screen belt 503 can be a separate driving mechanism and a coordinated transmission of a driving roller, so as to control the operating efficiency of the crawlers of the first screen belt 501, the second screen belt 502 and the third screen belt 503 and control the screening effect;

[0077] The conveying mechanism 510 may be a pneumatic conveying mechanism or a material conveying pump;

[0078] The specific implementation is as follows: In this embodiment, the conveying mechanism 510 can deliver gravel to the sand drop cylinder 512 through a plurality of connected conveying pipes 511, and return the gravel to the groove dug by the shovel main body 303 for field return;

[0079] In this embodiment, the mesh diameter of the first screen belt 501 is 30 mm, the mesh diameter of the second screen belt 502 is 10 mm, and the mesh diameter of the third screen belt 503 is less than 10 mm, preferably 5 mm;

[0080] After the gravel on the front side is scooped up, the electric push rod 306 can be shortened to pull the limit block 307 downward. The movement of the limit block 307 can drive the slide bar 304 to move downward. The movement of the slide bar 304 can drive the bottom shovel body 303 to adjust the corresponding depth, so that the digging of different depths of the outer groove of the center of the jujube tree can be achieved through the horizontally arranged multiple shovel body 303, which is conducive to placing the screened gravel of different particle sizes into the groove after excavation; it is conducive to reshaping the warming and moisture conservation effect of the sand field through the sand spreading operation of the gravel; at the same time, it can meet the excavation needs of a single jujube tree at different horizontal distances and burial depths, which is conducive to fast operation and ensures the deep ditch implicit gravel return effect.

[0081] The covering mechanism 7 includes a guide plate 701, a connecting block 703 is connected to the front side of the guide plate 701, and the connecting block 703 is connected to the frame 1, and a connecting column 704 is connected to the bottom of one side of the guide plate 701, and a support plate 705 is connected to the bottom of the connecting column 704, and both sides of the support plate 705 are rotatably connected to hinge blocks 706, and one side of the hinge block 706 is connected to a covering wheel 707, and the covering wheels 707 on both sides are configured to have a closing angle with a gradually smaller opening, so as to cover the excavated trench with soil;

[0082] In another embodiment, a hole is opened on the top of the guide plate 701, and the slide bar 304 is located in the hole. The guide plate 701 is connected to the outside of the slide bar 304 by a limit bolt 702. The height position is adjusted by loosening or tightening the limit bolt 702 at the position outside the slide bar 304, which is conducive to adapting the jujube tree to the different depths of the covering wheel 707 under the condition of a slope.

[0083] After the gravel is sent into the groove, the frame 1 that continues to rotate can close the soil on both sides through the rear covering wheel 707 and then send it into the groove, completing the soil covering treatment on the surface of the gravel, so that the soil surface can be flat and complete, which is conducive to improving the moisture conservation effect. After covering the soil, the sand and gravel can be transported to cover the surface of the covering soil through the conveying mechanism 510. If the sand and gravel are insufficient, the sand and gravel can be supplemented from the multiple sand and gravel boxes in the external box, so that a double layer of gravel can be added, so that the gravel on the ground part is physically weathered and the gravel in the underground part is biochemically weathered.

[0084] Furthermore, a compacting mechanism can be mounted behind the covering wheel 707 to perform surface compaction.

[0085] The driving mechanism can also use a wind-solar hybrid system for electric drive to achieve the advantages of being green, environmentally friendly, stable, continuous and low-cost;

[0086] Working principle: When in use, when the driving part of the outer mobile device body 208 drives the bottom moving wheel 209 to rotate, the moving wheel 209 can pull the top connecting rod 207 and the placement plate 6 to move and drive the slide 205 to slide in the slide seat 201, so that the driving mobile device body 208 controls the frame 1 to drive the front shoveling mechanism 4 to rotate and take soil to facilitate subsequent gravel screening;

[0087] When the frame 1 moves, the tilting cylinder 403 can be operated to rotate the shovel body 401 downward to contact the ground. At this time, the shovel body 401 can shovel the gravel in the shallow layer of the ground and send it into the gravel screening mechanism 5 through the rear guide pad 402, so that the shovel depth with the ground can be adjusted by the rotating shovel body 401.

[0088] After the shovel body 401 scoops up the surface sand and soil and guides it to the top of the first screen belt 501, when the first screen belt 501 is working, gravel smaller than the mesh size can fall down to the second screen belt 502 at the bottom, so that gravel with a particle size larger than 30 can be screened out and transported to the first gravel box 505. The gravel falling into the second screen belt 502 can screen out gravel with a particle size of 10-30 mm and transported to the second gravel box 506, while gravel smaller than 10 mm can pass through the third screen belt 503 and be transported to the third gravel box 507, so that the surface gravel can be screened after shoveling;

[0089] After the gravel on the front side is scooped up, the shovel body 401 is controlled to separate upward from the ground, and the electric push rod 306 can be shortened to pull the limit block 307 downward. The movement of the limit block 307 can drive the slide bar 304 to move downward. The movement of the slide bar 304 can drive the bottom plowing machine body 303 to adjust the corresponding depth. Through the horizontal arrangement of multiple plowing machine bodies 303, different depths of the outer groove of the center of the jujube tree can be excavated;

[0090] The pneumatic conveying mechanism 510 can deliver the gravel to the sand drop cylinder 512 through a plurality of connected conveying pipes 511, and return the gravel to the groove dug by the main body 303 of the earthmoving machine for returning to the field;

[0091] After the gravel is sent into the groove, the frame 1 that continues to rotate can use the rear covering wheel 707 to gather the soil on both sides and send it into the groove, completing the covering treatment of the gravel surface, so that the soil surface can be flat and complete, which is beneficial to improving the moisture conservation effect. After covering the soil, the sand and gravel can be transported to cover the surface of the covering soil through the conveying mechanism 510.

[0092] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel in an ecological jujube forest to a deep layer for field cultivation, characterized in that: Operations are carried out using a deep-layer field-returning device for enriching abandoned weathered gravel in an ecological jujube forest. The device comprises a frame (1), and the top of the frame (1) is connected to a surrounding motion mechanism (2). The surrounding motion mechanism (2) comprises a clamp ring (203) arranged on the outside of the jujube tree, and a slide seat (205) is slidably connected in the clamp ring (203). One side of the slide seat (205) is connected to a mobile device body (208) through a connecting rod (207), and the bottom of the mobile device body (208) is connected to a moving wheel (209) for driving the frame (1) to move radially around the clamp ring (203) through the mobile device body (208); The bottom of the frame (1) is connected to a shoveling mechanism (4), the inner side of the frame (1) is connected to a gravel screening mechanism (5), and the end of the shoveling mechanism (4) is located at the top of the gravel screening mechanism (5), and a side of the frame (1) away from the shoveling mechanism (4) is provided with an axially liftable planing mechanism (3), and the rear side of the planing mechanism (3) is connected to a covering mechanism (7) for screening gravel after taking soil around the shoveling mechanism (4) and returning the soil to the field; The soil-scaling mechanism (3) includes a mounting plate (302), and both sides of the mounting plate (302) are connected to connecting frames (301), the connecting frames (301) are fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting rod (207), a plurality of electric push rods (306) are installed on the top of the mounting plate (302), and the tops of the electric push rods (306) are connected to limit blocks (307), and the bottoms of the limit blocks (307) are connected to slide rods (304), and the bottom ends of the slide rods (304) are connected to the soil-scaling machine body (303); The gravel screening mechanism (5) comprises a first screen belt (501), a second screen belt (502) and a third screen belt (503) rotatably connected to the frame (1); the first screen belt (501), the second screen belt (502) and the third screen belt (503) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and one end of the first screen belt (501) is located on one side of the end of the shovel body (401); the mesh apertures of the first screen belt (501), the second screen belt (502) and the third screen belt (503) decrease from top to bottom, and the first screen belt (501), the second screen belt (502) and the third screen belt (503) are connected to each other through a transmission mechanism (504); the lengths of the first screen belt (501), the second screen belt (502) and the third screen belt (503) decrease in sequence, and the first screen belt (501) and the third screen belt (503) decrease in sequence. A first gravel box (505) is provided at the bottom of the gap between the second screen belt (502), a second gravel box (506) is provided at the bottom of the gap between the second screen belt (502) and the third screen belt (503), and a third gravel box (507) is provided at the bottom of the third screen belt (503), and the first gravel box (505), the second gravel box (506) and the third gravel box (507) are all connected to the gravel bottom, and one side of the first gravel box (505), the second gravel box (506) and the third gravel box (507) are all connected to a conveying mechanism (510), and the conveying mechanism (510) is connected to a sand falling cylinder (512) through a conveying pipe (511), and the sand falling cylinder (512) is connected to the rear side of the shoveling mechanism (3) for conveying the screened gravel into the groove shoveled by the shoveling mechanism (3); The method of returning farmland to farmland specifically includes the following steps: S1. Collect gravel around the jujube tree; S2. Screen the collected gravel into at least three sizes: S3. Trenching: Use trenching equipment to dig three trenches of different depths around the date trees; S4, injection: inject three different sizes of gravel into three ring trenches respectively; S5. Backfill: backfill the excavated soil into the ring ditch; S6. Spread sand on the surface of the ditch and compact it after spreading to complete the return of the soil to the field.

2. The method for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel to the field in an ecological jujube forest according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening particle sizes of the gravel are respectively >30 mm, 10-30 mm and <10 mm. The paving sand in S6 is gravel with a particle size of 10-30 mm. The groove depth in S3 increases from the inside to the outside.

3. The method for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel to the field in an ecological jujube forest according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes alternating wet-dry irrigation on the gravel cover surface.

4. The method for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel to the field in an ecological jujube forest according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp ring (203) includes two arc-shaped portions, and a connecting plate (204) is connected to the radial position of the edge of the arc-shaped portion of the clamp ring (203), and adjacent connecting plates (204) are coupled by connecting members, and the sliding seat (201) is a corresponding arc-shaped portion, and the chambers of the sliding seats (201) on both sides are combined to form a gap for accommodating the rotation of the sliding seat (205), and a blocking ring (202) is connected to the edge position of one side of the opposite surface of the cavity of the sliding seat (201) for limiting the escape of the sliding seat (205), and one side of the sliding seat (205) is connected to a placement plate (6) through a pin rod and a hinge plate, and the top of the placement plate (6) is connected to the side of the connecting rod (207) close to the sliding seat (201) through a fixed block (206).

5. The method for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel to the field in an ecological jujube forest according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shovel mechanism (4) comprises a plurality of shovel bodies (401), and the plurality of shovel bodies (401) are rotatably connected to one side of the frame (1) via a flip shaft, and the shovel bodies (401) are located in front of the traveling side of the frame (1), and a flip cylinder (403) is connected to one side of the frame (1), and an output shaft of the flip cylinder (403) is connected to one side of the flip shaft.

6. The method for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel in an ecological jujube forest to a field in deep layer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end of the shovel body (401) is connected to a guide pad (402) for guiding gravel discharge.

7. The method for enriching and returning abandoned weathered gravel in an ecological jujube forest to a field in deep layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil covering mechanism (7) comprises a guide plate (701), a connecting block (703) is connected to the front side of the guide plate (701), and the connecting block (703) is connected to the frame (1), and a connecting column (704) is connected to the bottom of one side of the guide plate (701), and a support plate (705) is connected to the bottom of the connecting column (704), and both sides of the support plate (705) are rotatably connected to hinge blocks (706), and one side of the hinge block (706) is connected to a soil covering wheel (707), and the soil covering wheels (707) on both sides are configured to have a closing angle with a gradually smaller opening, so as to cover the excavated trench with soil.

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