Waterproof structure and construction method for basement outer wall expansion joint part

Abstract

The application discloses the technical field of building construction, in particular to a waterproof structure and construction method of basement outer wall expansion joint part. Including pre-embedded part is provided with two groups, respectively pre-embedded in the water side of the outer wall structure of expansion joint two sides;Waterproof deformation steel plate is fixed on the water side of two groups of pre-embedded parts;Waterproof layer is arranged on the water side of waterproof deformation steel plate, and isolation layer is arranged between waterproof layer and waterproof deformation steel plate, and the outside of waterproof layer is provided with thermal insulation layer;Water stop structure, water stop structure is arranged in expansion joint;Filler is arranged in expansion joint;Sealing paste is arranged on the backwater side of expansion joint. By welding and fixing waterproof deformation steel plate and pre-embedded part, a sealed waterproof structure is obtained, and sealing paste is filled in the deformation area, which is beneficial to expansion and ensures waterproof effect. At the same time, isolation layer is additionally arranged between waterproof layer and waterproof deformation steel plate, so that tearing of the two during expansion is avoided, and long-term waterproof effect is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of building construction, specifically to a waterproof structure and construction method for expansion joints in the exterior walls of basements. Background Technology

[0002] In the current development of urban architecture, the use of extra-long and extra-large basements is increasing, with basement areas becoming increasingly larger. In some projects, the underground building area is almost the same as the land area. The underground walls of these buildings are often extra-long structural walls. These buildings are susceptible to significant temperature stress due to multiple factors such as structural contraction, environmental conditions, and large temperature differences. This temperature stress causes structural expansion and contraction, leading to cracks. To avoid such problems, the common practice is to install expansion joints at the required intervals according to regulations to eliminate the tensile stress caused by temperature changes. While expansion joints effectively reduce wall cracking, they also increase potential leakage points in the underground structure. Existing waterproofing structures for basement exterior wall expansion joints have the following problems during use: When the expansion joint deforms, the conventional waterproof steel plate also deforms simultaneously. During this deformation, the waterproof steel plate can tear against the outer waterproof layer, easily causing the waterproof layer to fail and affecting the long-term waterproofing effect. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: how to solve the problem that conventional waterproof steel plates will also deform simultaneously. During the deformation process, the waterproof steel plate will tear with the outer waterproof layer, which can easily cause the waterproof layer to fail and affect the waterproof effect for long-term use.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the inventors, through practice and summarization, derived the technical solution of this invention, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A waterproof structure for the expansion joint of a basement exterior wall includes:

[0006] Embedded parts are provided in two sets, which are embedded in the water-facing side of the exterior wall structure on both sides of the expansion joint.

[0007] Waterproof deformable steel plate, which is fixed to the water-facing side of two sets of embedded parts;

[0008] A waterproof layer is installed on the water-facing side of the waterproof deformable steel plate, and an isolation layer is provided between the waterproof layer and the waterproof deformable steel plate. An insulation layer is provided on the outside of the waterproof layer.

[0009] Water-stopping structure, which is installed inside the expansion joint;

[0010] Filler components are placed inside the expansion joints;

[0011] Sealant is applied to the back side of the expansion joint.

[0012] The isolation layer prevents tearing between the waterproof layer and the expanding and contracting steel plate during waterproofing, ensuring long-term waterproofing. Simultaneously, the waterproof steel plate and embedded parts are welded and fixed together, forming a complete waterproof and sealed structure.

[0013] Further options:

[0014] The waterproof deformable steel plate has an inwardly recessed deformation area in the middle, and the space between the water-facing side of the deformation area and the isolation layer is filled with sealant. The deformation area is V-shaped, and its thickness is approximately 0.6 to 0.8 times the thickness of the waterproof deformable steel plate. This facilitates the release of internal stress during expansion and contraction, and the sealant material is used to level the area to prevent air pockets, thus promoting expansion and contraction and ensuring waterproofing.

[0015] Further options:

[0016] Both sides of the expansion joint are provided with embedded hook plates. There are two sets of embedded hook plates along the depth direction of the expansion joint. The two sets are symmetrically arranged. The water-stop structure is installed in the two embedded hook plates corresponding to the position. The two ends of the water-stop structure are hooked and fixed to the embedded hook plates respectively.

[0017] Further options:

[0018] The pre-embedded hook plate is provided with a hook groove, and the water-stopping structure includes a body and flexible connecting claws that are unidirectionally movable at both ends of the body. The flexible connecting claws are sealed to the hook groove.

[0019] Further options:

[0020] The hook groove has a T-shaped structure, and the opening width of the hook groove gradually increases along the depth direction.

[0021] Further options:

[0022] The flexible connecting claw includes an arc-shaped flexible connector at the end and an arc-shaped pressure body installed on one side of the arc-shaped flexible connector. The free end of the arc-shaped pressure body is unidirectionally slidably arranged on the body. Permanent magnets are embedded in both the free end of the arc-shaped pressure body and the body. A rubber sheet connects the arc-shaped pressure bodies.

[0023] Further options:

[0024] A one-way ratchet is provided between the main body and the arc-shaped pressure body to form a one-way sliding mechanism.

[0025] Further options:

[0026] The filler includes polystyrene plastic sheets arranged on both sides of the water-stop structure.

[0027] Further options:

[0028] The waterproof layer is made of double-layer waterproof membrane, with the outer waterproof membrane extending 1.5 times the width of the inner waterproof membrane on both sides. The width of the inner waterproof membrane is 1.2 times the distance between the two sets of embedded parts.

[0029] A construction method for a waterproof structure at the expansion joint of a basement exterior wall, comprising the following steps:

[0030] Step 1): After the reinforcement of the basement exterior wall is tied, fix the water-stop structure in the middle of the exterior wall structure at the expansion joint. The water-stop structure uses rubber water-stop tape. At the same time, install embedded parts on both sides of the expansion joint exterior wall. After the basement exterior wall concrete is poured and the strength reaches the design requirements, remove the formwork.

[0031] Step 2) Fill the two sides of the water-stop structure inside the expansion joint with filler material. The filler material is polystyrene plastic board. Install the water-proof deformable steel plate on the water-facing side and weld it firmly to the embedded part. The weld must be full. The deformation area of ​​the water-proof deformable steel plate is located inside the expansion joint and the deformation area is filled with sealant material.

[0032] The surface of the indoor expansion joint is sealed with sealant;

[0033] Step 3) The junction between the waterproof deformable steel plate and the water-facing side of the basement exterior wall structure is leveled with a cement mortar leveling layer;

[0034] Step 4): Construct an isolation layer, a waterproof layer, and a protective layer on the exterior wall of the basement in sequence. The protective layer is made of extruded polystyrene board. Then, backfill the soil.

[0035] or

[0036] Step 1): After the reinforcement of the basement exterior wall is tied, fix the pre-embedded hook plate in the middle of the exterior wall structure at the expansion joint. At the same time, install the pre-embedded parts on both sides of the exterior wall of the expansion joint. After the concrete of the basement exterior wall is poured and the strength reaches the design requirements, remove the formwork.

[0037] Step 2): First, install the water-stop structure inside the expansion joint, and then fill the sides with filler material, which is polystyrene plastic board.

[0038] When installing the water-stop structure, first adjust the free end of the outward-facing arc-shaped pressure-applying body so that its one-way ratchet is separated from the main body. Then move its two flexible connecting claws towards the middle of the main body, with the distance between the two flexible connecting claws being less than or equal to the width of the expansion joint. At this time, the rubber sheet is in a stretched state. Then insert it into the expansion joint and gradually approach the hook groove. When the flexible connector moves to the hook groove, the tension on the rubber sheet is released, which will drive the flexible connector and the arc-shaped pressure-applying body into the hook groove, and the arc-shaped pressure-applying body will provide flexible support for the flexible connector.

[0039] Install a water-proof deformable steel plate on the water-facing side of the polystyrene plastic board and weld it firmly to the embedded parts. The weld must be full. The deformation area of ​​the water-proof deformable steel plate is located inside the expansion joint, and the deformation area is filled with sealant material.

[0040] The surface of the indoor expansion joint is sealed with sealant;

[0041] Step 3) The junction between the waterproof deformable steel plate and the water-facing side of the basement exterior wall structure is leveled with a cement mortar leveling layer;

[0042] Step 4) Construct an isolation layer, a waterproof layer, and a protective layer on the exterior wall of the basement in sequence. The protective layer is made of extruded polystyrene board, and then backfill with soil.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] This invention creates a sealed, waterproof structure by welding and fixing a waterproof deformable steel plate and embedded parts. Sealant is then filled into the deformed areas to facilitate expansion and contraction and ensure waterproofing. Simultaneously, an isolation layer is added between the waterproof layer and the waterproof deformable steel plate to prevent tearing during expansion and contraction, ensuring long-term waterproofing.

[0045] This invention employs a flexible connecting claw structure for the water-stopping structure. First, the free end of the outwardly adjusted arc-shaped pressure-applying body is separated from the unidirectional ratchet between it and the main body. Then, the two flexible connecting claws are moved towards the center of the main body, with the distance between the two claws less than or equal to the width of the expansion joint. At this point, the rubber sheet is stretched. It is then inserted into the expansion joint and gradually approaches the water-stopping structure. When the flexible connector reaches the hook groove, the tension on the rubber sheet is released, causing the flexible connector and the arc-shaped pressure-applying body to enter the hook groove. The arc-shaped pressure-applying body provides flexible support to the flexible connector, thus achieving a multi-layered waterproofing structure. This ensures long-term waterproofing at the expansion joint, and is particularly valuable for waterproofing expansion joints in basement exterior walls. This new water-stopping structure eliminates the pitting or grout leakage problems that previously occurred with waterstops during exterior wall construction, ensuring the quality of the internal structure of the expansion joint and guaranteeing long-term waterproofing within the expansion joint. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the water-stopping structure;

[0050] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional schematic diagram of the water-stopping structure;

[0051] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure after the water-stopping structure enters the expansion joint;

[0052] Figure 7 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a further improved water-stopping structure based on the existing design. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0054] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0055] Example 1, as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, a waterproof structure for the expansion joint of a basement exterior wall includes:

[0056] Embedded part 1, two sets of embedded parts 1 are provided, which are embedded in the water-facing side of the external wall structure on both sides of the expansion joint;

[0057] Waterproof deformable steel plate 2, which is fixed to the water-facing side of the two sets of embedded parts 1;

[0058] Waterproof layer 3 is provided on the water-facing side of the waterproof deformable steel plate 2, and an isolation layer 4 is provided between the waterproof layer 3 and the waterproof deformable steel plate 2. An insulation layer is provided on the outside of the waterproof layer 3.

[0059] Water-stopping structure 5 is installed inside the expansion joint;

[0060] Filler 6 is placed inside the expansion joint;

[0061] Sealant is applied to the back side of the expansion joint.

[0062] The water-proof deformable steel plate 2 has an inwardly recessed deformation area in the middle, and the water-facing side of the deformation area and the isolation layer 4 are filled with sealant material.

[0063] The filler 6 includes polystyrene plastic sheets arranged on both sides of the water-stopping structure 5.

[0064] The waterproof layer 3 is made of double-layer waterproof membrane, and the outer waterproof membrane extends beyond the inner waterproof membrane by 1.5 times. The width of the inner waterproof membrane is 1.2 times the distance between the two sets of embedded parts 1.

[0065] A construction method for a waterproof structure at the expansion joint of a basement exterior wall, comprising the following steps:

[0066] Step 1: After the steel reinforcement of the basement exterior wall is tied, fix the water-stop structure 5 in the middle of the exterior wall structure at the expansion joint. The water-stop structure 5 is made of rubber water-stop strip. At the same time, install the embedded parts 1 on both sides of the expansion joint exterior wall. After the concrete of the basement exterior wall is poured and the strength reaches the design requirements, remove the formwork.

[0067] Step 2: Fill the two sides of the water-stop structure 5 in the expansion joint with filler 6. The filler 6 is made of polystyrene plastic board. Install the water-proof deformable steel plate 2 on the water-facing side and weld it firmly to the embedded part 1. The weld must be full. The deformation area of ​​the water-proof deformable steel plate 2 is located inside the expansion joint, and the deformation area is filled with sealant material.

[0068] The surface of the indoor expansion joint is sealed with sealant;

[0069] Step 3: The junction of the waterproof deformable steel plate 2 and the water-facing side of the basement exterior wall structure is leveled with a cement mortar leveling layer;

[0070] Step 4: Construct the isolation layer 4, waterproof layer 3, and protective layer sequentially on the exterior wall of the basement. The protective layer is made of extruded polystyrene board. Then, backfill the soil.

[0071] Example 2, to avoid the problems of surface roughness or grout leakage that occurred when using waterstops in the pouring of exterior wall structures, as well as the poor quality of the internal structure of expansion joints, the following improvements are made based on the above examples: ... Figures 3 to 7 As shown:

[0072] Both sides of the expansion joint are provided with embedded hook plates 7. There are two sets of embedded hook plates 7 along the depth direction of the expansion joint. The two sets are symmetrically arranged. The water-stop structure 5 is installed in the two embedded hook plates 7 corresponding to the position. The two ends of the water-stop structure 5 are hooked and fixed to the embedded hook plates 7 respectively.

[0073] The pre-embedded hook plate 7 is provided with a hook groove, and the water-stopping structure 5 includes a body 51 and flexible connecting claws 52 that are unidirectionally movable at both ends of the body 51. The flexible connecting claws 52 are sealed to the hook groove.

[0074] The hook groove has a T-shaped structure, and the opening width of the hook groove gradually increases along the depth direction.

[0075] The flexible connecting claw 52 includes an arc-shaped flexible connector 521 located at the end and an arc-shaped pressure body 522 installed on one side of the arc-shaped flexible connector 521. The free end of the arc-shaped pressure body 522 is unidirectionally slidably arranged on the body 51. Both the free end of the arc-shaped pressure body 522 and the body 51 are embedded with permanent magnets, which are not shown in the figure. The permanent magnets are suitable for automatically contacting the body 51 after the arc-shaped pressure body 522 is released by external force, so that the two slide unidirectionally through the unidirectional ratchet stroke. A rubber sheet 523 is connected between the arc-shaped pressure bodies 522.

[0076] A one-way ratchet is provided between the main body 51 and the arc-shaped pressure body 522 to form a one-way sliding mechanism.

[0077] The curved flexible connector 521 first enters the hook groove. Then, the curved pressure body 522 applies an initial force to the curved flexible connector 521 under the action of the rubber sheet 523 and its own inertia, ensuring that the curved flexible connector 521 is fully expanded inside the hook groove and in close contact with its inner wall, thus ensuring a consistent sealing effect. At this time, it is preferable that the curved pressure body 522 is in a bent state. When the expansion joint widens, the curved flexible connectors 521 will move away from each other, and the curved flexible connectors 521 will release the force of the curved pressure body 522. At this time, the curved flexible connectors 521 will preferentially make sealing contact with the inner wall of the hook groove near the opening. When the expansion joint widens to a certain extent, it will drive the curved flexible connectors 521 to move towards the end of the body 51. When the expansion joint narrows, the two curved flexible connectors 521 will move closer to each other. At this time, the curved pressure body 522 will increase its initial force, and the curved flexible connectors 521 will preferentially make sealing contact with the upper and lower inner walls of the hook groove.

[0078] In this embodiment, an elastic telescopic component, such as an elastic top pin structure, can be provided at the end of the body 51. This structure is suitable for applying pressure to the rubber sheet 523 of the arc-shaped flexible connector 521 after it has fully entered the hook groove. This is to ensure that the arc-shaped pressure body 522 remains bent, thereby ensuring that an initial pressure is applied to the arc-shaped flexible connector 521.

[0079] A construction method for a waterproof structure at the expansion joint of a basement exterior wall, comprising the following steps:

[0080] Step 1: After the reinforcement of the basement exterior wall is tied, fix the pre-embedded hook plate 7 in the middle of the exterior wall structure at the expansion joint. At the same time, install the pre-embedded parts 1 on both sides of the exterior wall of the expansion joint. After the concrete of the basement exterior wall is poured and the strength reaches the design requirements, remove the formwork.

[0081] Step 2: First, install the water-stop structure 5 inside the expansion joint, and then fill the two sides with filler 6, which is made of polystyrene plastic board.

[0082] When installing the water-stop structure 5, first adjust the free end of the outward-facing arc-shaped pressure body 522 so that the one-way ratchet between it and the body 51 is separated. Then move its two flexible connecting claws 52 toward the middle of the body 51. The distance between the two flexible connecting claws 52 is less than or equal to the width of the expansion joint. At this time, the rubber sheet 523 is in a stretched state. Then insert it into the expansion joint and gradually approach the hook groove. When the flexible connector moves to the hook groove, the tension on the rubber sheet 523 is released, which will drive the flexible connector and the arc-shaped pressure body 522 into the hook groove, and the arc-shaped pressure body 522 will provide flexible support for the flexible connector.

[0083] Install the water-proof deformable steel plate 2 on the water-facing side of the polystyrene plastic board and weld it firmly to the embedded part 1. The weld must be full. The deformation area of ​​the water-proof deformable steel plate 2 is located inside the expansion joint, and the deformation area is filled with sealant material.

[0084] The surface of the indoor expansion joint is sealed with sealant;

[0085] Step 3: The junction of the waterproof deformable steel plate 2 and the water-facing side of the basement exterior wall structure is leveled with a cement mortar leveling layer;

[0086] Step 4: Construct the isolation layer 4, waterproof layer 3, and protective layer sequentially on the exterior wall of the basement. The protective layer is made of extruded polystyrene board. Then, backfill the soil.

[0087] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. The substitutions may be replacements of some structures, devices, or method steps, or they may be complete technical solutions. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waterproof structure for the expansion joint of a basement exterior wall, characterized in that: Embedded parts (1) are provided in two sets, which are embedded in the water-facing side of the exterior wall structure on both sides of the expansion joint; Waterproof deformable steel plate (2), the waterproof deformable steel plate (2) is fixed to the water-facing side of the two sets of embedded parts (1); Waterproof layer (3) is provided on the water-facing side of the waterproof deformable steel plate (2), and an isolation layer (4) is provided between the waterproof layer (3) and the waterproof deformable steel plate (2). An insulation layer is provided on the outside of the waterproof layer (3). Water-stopping structure (5) is installed inside the expansion joint; Filler (6), filler (6) is placed inside the expansion joint; Sealant, applied to the back side of the expansion joint; Both sides of the expansion joint are provided with embedded hook plates (7). There are two sets of embedded hook plates (7) along the depth direction of the expansion joint. The two sets are symmetrically arranged. The water-stop structure (5) is installed in the two embedded hook plates (7) corresponding to the position. The two ends of the water-stop structure (5) are hooked and fixed to the embedded hook plates (7) respectively. The pre-embedded hook plate (7) is provided with a hook groove, and the water-stopping structure (5) includes a body (51) and flexible connecting claws (52) that are unidirectionally installed at both ends of the body (51). The flexible connecting claws (52) are sealed to the hook groove. The hook groove has a T-shaped structure, and the opening width of the hook groove gradually increases along the depth direction; The flexible connecting claw (52) includes an arc-shaped flexible connector (521) located at the end and an arc-shaped pressure body (522) installed on one side of the arc-shaped flexible connector (521). The free end of the arc-shaped pressure body (522) is unidirectionally slidably arranged on the body (51). Permanent magnets are embedded in both the free end of the arc-shaped pressure body (522) and the body (51). A rubber sheet (523) is connected between the arc-shaped pressure bodies (522). A one-way ratchet is provided between the main body (51) and the arc-shaped pressure body (522) to form a one-way sliding mechanism.

2. The waterproof structure for the expansion joint of a basement exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-proof deformable steel plate (2) has an inwardly recessed deformation area in the middle, and the water-facing side of the deformation area and the isolation layer (4) are filled with sealant material.

3. The waterproof structure for the expansion joint of a basement exterior wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filler (6) includes polystyrene plastic sheets arranged on both sides of the waterstop structure (5).

4. The waterproof structure for the expansion joint of a basement exterior wall according to claim 3, characterized in that: The waterproof layer (3) is made of double-layer waterproof membrane, and the outer waterproof membrane extends beyond the inner waterproof membrane by 1.5 times. The inner waterproof membrane is 1.2 times the distance between the two sets of embedded parts (1).

5. A construction method for a waterproof structure at the expansion joint of a basement exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: Step 1), after the reinforcement of the basement exterior wall is tied, the pre-embedded hook plate (7) is fixed in the middle of the exterior wall structure at the expansion joint. At the same time, the pre-embedded parts (1) are installed on both sides of the expansion joint exterior wall. After the basement exterior wall concrete is poured and the strength reaches the design requirements, the formwork is removed. Step 2), first install the water-stop structure (5) in the expansion joint, and then fill the sides with filler (6), the filler (6) is made of polystyrene plastic board; When installing the water-stop structure (5), first adjust the free end of the arc-shaped pressure body (522) to the outside so that the one-way ratchet between it and the body (51) is separated. Move its two flexible connecting claws (52) towards the middle of the body (51). The distance between the two flexible connecting claws (52) is less than or equal to the width of the expansion joint. At this time, the rubber sheet (523) is in a stretched state. Then insert it into the expansion joint and gradually approach the hook groove. When the arc-shaped flexible connector (521) moves to the hook groove, the tension on the rubber sheet (523) is released, which will drive the arc-shaped flexible connector (521) and the arc-shaped pressure body (522) into the hook groove, and the arc-shaped pressure body (522) will provide flexible support for the arc-shaped flexible connector (521). Install a water-proof deformable steel plate (2) on the water-facing side of the polystyrene plastic board and weld it firmly to the embedded part (1). The weld must be full. The deformation area of ​​the water-proof deformable steel plate (2) is located inside the expansion joint, and the deformation area is filled with sealant material. The surface of the indoor expansion joint is sealed with sealant; Step 3), the junction of the water-resistant deformable steel plate (2) and the water-facing side of the basement exterior wall structure is leveled with a cement mortar leveling layer; Step 4) Construct an isolation layer (4), a waterproof layer (3), and a protective layer on the outer wall of the basement in sequence. The protective layer is made of extruded polystyrene board, and then backfill with soil.

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