A method and device for trenching a diaphragm wall
By combining rotary drilling rigs and twin-wheel trenching machines, the pilot hole step is omitted. By utilizing hollow drilling design and mud wall protection technology, the problem of low efficiency in traditional construction is solved, and rapid and efficient trenching construction of underground continuous walls is achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA RAILWAY NO10 ENGINEERING GROUP THIRD CONSTRUCTION CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-08-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
AI Technical Summary
In traditional diaphragm wall trenching construction, the use of heavy hammers to break rocks is inefficient, resulting in long construction time, extended construction period, and low construction efficiency.
The construction process utilizes a combination of rotary drilling rigs and twin-wheel trenching machines, eliminating the pilot hole step. The hollow drilling design of the twin-wheel trenching machine reduces resistance and accelerates the trenching speed. The process is further optimized by combining mud wall protection and multi-segment continuous flow construction.
It significantly shortened the construction time, improved construction efficiency, ensured the verticality and stability of the trench walls, and enhanced the quality of the trench.
Smart Images
Figure CN117090225B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of diaphragm wall construction technology, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus for trenching construction of diaphragm walls. Background Technology
[0002] In traditional diaphragm wall trenching, excavators and impact hammers are mainly used in combination. First, the excavator digs out the soil layer to create a trench. Then, multiple pilot holes are drilled at the bottom of the trench, and guide rods are installed inside the pilot holes. Next, a crane lifts the hammer and places it on the guide rods. The crane lifts and lowers the hammer, causing it to impact the rock at the bottom of the trench, breaking the rock and creating holes. After all the holes are created, workers use an excavator to grab the broken rock at the bottom of the holes. Finally, a square hammer is lifted by the crane to scrape away the protruding parts of the sidewalls of the holes, connecting all the holes to form a continuous underground trench.
[0003] However, in the process of breaking rocks with a heavy hammer, the underground continuous trench is quite long, so the heavy hammer needs to hammer holes one by one along the length of the underground continuous trench. The process is quite complicated and takes a long time. In addition, the efficiency of the heavy hammer in breaking rocks is relatively low, resulting in a long construction period and reduced construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method and apparatus for trenching construction of diaphragm walls. It solves the problem of long construction time for diaphragm wall trenching, thereby saving construction time and improving worker efficiency.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:
[0006] A method for trenching construction of diaphragm walls includes the following steps.
[0007] S1. Excavate the construction trench;
[0008] The ground surface for the construction of the diaphragm wall is leveled, and then the construction line is marked on the site. Then, an excavator is used to dig a construction trench along the construction line, with the trench depth maintained at 1 meter.
[0009] S2, pouring the sidewalls of the construction trench;
[0010] After the construction trench in S1 is excavated, a steel mesh is made at both ends of the construction trench sidewalls. Then, a mold is installed at the steel mesh, and concrete is poured into the mold. After the concrete solidifies, the sidewalls of the construction trench are formed.
[0011] S3. Rotary drilling rigs drill holes downwards from the bottom of the construction trench;
[0012] Rotary drilling rigs are used to drill holes in the bottom of the construction trench. The drilling depth is the same as the length of the ground diaphragm wall, and the hole diameter is the same as the width of the ground diaphragm wall. When the trench width is less than 6m, 3 holes are drilled in each trench section. When the trench width is greater than or equal to 6m, 4 holes are drilled.
[0013] S4. The twin-wheel grooving machine mills grooves along the drilling direction;
[0014] After the borehole is formed, the twin-wheel milling machine is kept vertically inside the construction trench by the construction device, and cuts the soil and rock around the borehole downward along the extension direction of the borehole.
[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the rotary drilling rig combined with a twin-wheel trenching machine saves the step of drilling a pilot hole. Furthermore, when the twin-wheel trenching machine is used for trenching, the center of the drill hole is hollow, which reduces the resistance to the twin-wheel trenching machine and speeds up the trenching process. This reduces the construction period and improves the work efficiency of the workers.
[0016] Preferably, step S1 includes the following operations.
[0017] During the excavation of the construction trench using an excavator, mud was injected into the trench, and the verticality of the construction trench was tracked and observed using an inclinometer.
[0018] Through this invention, during the excavation of the construction trench, the excavator's grab bucket should enter and exit the trench slowly and steadily, the excavator's digging speed should be controlled at 15m / h, the guide plate grab bucket should not dig quickly to prevent the trench wall from becoming unstable, and the deviation should be corrected in time according to the excavator's instruments and the measured verticality.
[0019] During the trenching process, the verticality is controlled according to the excavator's instruments, and the verticality is tracked and observed with an inclinometer. It is strictly necessary to measure and correct immediately to ensure that the verticality of the trench wall is ≤3 / 1000. During construction, in order to prevent the trench wall from collapsing, the quality of the mud should be checked regularly to prevent mud loss and maintain the mud level necessary for the stability of the trench section. Generally, it should be more than 500mm above the groundwater level and not less than 500mm below the top of the guide wall.
[0020] After trenching, to ensure the quality of trenching, the grab bucket guide rod should be perpendicular to the trench section, the bucket body should be opened, and the grab bucket should be slowly lowered into the trench according to the trench section marking lines. The grab bucket must not be lowered or lifted quickly to avoid damaging the trench wall and causing collapse. During the grab excavation process, rotate 180 degrees every 3 grabs to eliminate trench position deviation caused by uneven meshing of the bucket teeth.
[0021] When trenching in strata where mud may be lost, leakage plugging measures must be in place, and sufficient mud must be stored. Water collection wells and drainage ditches should be set up on site to prevent surface water from flowing into the trench and damaging the mud properties.
[0022] Preferably, step S2 includes the following operations.
[0023] After the construction trench is excavated, a steel mesh is made at both ends of the construction trench sidewalls. Then, two baffles are fixed inside the construction trench to abut against the steel mesh, so that a pouring trench is formed between the baffles and the trench wall. Concrete is then poured into the pouring trench. After the concrete solidifies, the baffles are removed to form the sidewalls of the construction trench.
[0024] This invention fixes the sidewall of the groove with concrete, preventing it from collapsing during subsequent construction.
[0025] Preferably, step S3 includes the following operations.
[0026] During the drilling process using rotary drilling, the rotary drilling bit carries the rock and soil out of the borehole. Different drill bits are selected according to different strata. Rock drilling bits are mainly used for drilling rock strata, while tubular drill bits are mainly used for drilling two cemented rock strata in the construction hole. The shearing and compressive action of the tubular drill is used to break the integrity of the rock strata.
[0027] This invention allows workers to reduce drilling time by using different drill bits in combination.
[0028] Preferably, step S4 includes the following operations.
[0029] The twin-wheel trench cutter extends into the construction trench and cuts and breaks the surrounding rock along the drilling direction. After the twin-wheel trench cutter has cut and broken the surrounding rock of the drilled hole, all the drilled holes are connected to form a continuous underground trench. After the continuous underground trench is completed, the sediment at the bottom of the trench is cleaned up to complete the construction of the continuous underground trench.
[0030] According to this invention, the conventional milling teeth of the milling machine are flat teeth, bevel teeth, and hobbing teeth; flat teeth are commonly used in rock strata with a strength of no more than 20 MPa, bevel teeth are commonly used in rock strata with a strength of no more than 110 MPa, and hobbing teeth are mainly used in high-strength granite.
[0031] During the trenching process, in order to remove the sediment deposited at the bottom of the trench, the bottom of the trench needs to be cleaned to improve the bearing capacity and impermeability of the diaphragm wall and improve the quality of the wall. After the trenching is completed, the reverse circulation system of the trenching machine is used to remove the sediment at the bottom of the trench and to check the trenching condition.
[0032] During the trench milling machine's construction, the rotary drilling rig's pilot hole construction was interspersed. To avoid the trench milling machine's construction being halted while waiting for the rotary drilling rig to perform pilot hole construction on the current trench segment, the trench milling machine was moved to another trench segment to construct the upper trench. After the pilot hole was completed, it returned to the current trench segment to continue trench milling. By implementing a reasonable construction flow between multiple trench segments, the rotary drilling rig's pilot hole construction could avoid occupying the critical path, saving overall construction time and improving overall efficiency.
[0033] This invention provides a construction device for trenching underground continuous walls, including a main body of the device, which includes upright plates erected on both sides of the underground continuous trench; baffles are provided at both ends of the upright plates along the height direction of the upright plates; the upright plates and baffles together form a limiting groove for a double-wheel trenching machine to pass through; a fixing mechanism is provided at the lower end of the upright plates, which is used to fix the baffles at the opening of the underground continuous trench.
[0034] Through this invention, during the milling process of a twin-wheel milling machine, the operator places the main body of the device at the groove opening and fixes two vertical plates on both sides of the groove opening using a fixing mechanism. Then, the twin-wheel milling machine passes through the limiting groove and enters the groove to mill. During this process, the twin-wheel milling machine is limited from four directions by the vertical plates and baffles, thereby preventing the twin-wheel milling machine from deviating from the milling track and reducing the error in the verticality of the underground continuous trench.
[0035] Preferably, the fixing mechanism includes a sleeve disposed between two vertical plates; each end of the sleeve is provided with a threaded rod extending into the sleeve, and the inner side wall of the sleeve is provided with an internal thread that mates with the threaded rod; the end of the threaded rod away from the sleeve is provided with a slider that passes through the vertical plate, and the side wall of the slider near the threaded rod extends downward into the underground continuous trench to form a first fixing plate; the end of the slider that passes through the vertical plate is provided with a second fixing plate that abuts against the end face of the vertical plate; the lower end of the vertical plate is provided with a first through hole for the slider to pass through; when the sleeve rotates, the threaded rod pushes the first fixing plate against the side wall of the underground continuous wall.
[0036] With this invention, the operator can rotate the sleeve to push the two threaded rods toward the side walls at both ends of the groove, and push the first fixing plate against the side walls at both ends of the groove, thereby preventing the upright plate from moving and making it easier for the operator to fix the upright plate.
[0037] Preferably, the sidewall at the opening of the first through hole is recessed inward to form a slot for the first fixing plate to be inserted.
[0038] With this invention, when the first fixing plate is pressed against the side wall of the groove, the first fixing plate is also inserted into the groove, thereby ensuring that one end face of the upright plate is flush with the side wall of the groove, so that the milling machine can smoothly enter the groove and prevent the groove opening from being damaged when the milling machine head gear falls.
[0039] Preferably, the upright plate includes a first sub-upright plate and a second sub-upright plate; the second sub-upright plate is disposed at the lower end of the first sub-upright plate and is perpendicular to the first sub-upright plate; a support rod is inclinedly disposed between the first sub-upright plate and the second sub-upright plate; a sliding groove communicating with the first through hole is provided on the upper surface of the second sub-upright plate; and a roller is provided on the lower surface of the second sub-upright plate.
[0040] Through this invention, the support rod supports the first sub-upper plate and the second sub-upper plate, thereby improving the stability of the plate; during the construction of the milling machine, the workers can push the plate and move it to the appropriate position through the rollers, thus making it convenient for the workers to move the plate.
[0041] Preferably, the first fixing plate has stripes on one end face near the underground continuous trench.
[0042] With this invention, when the first fixing plate is pressed against the side wall of the groove, the stripes increase the friction between the first fixing plate and the side wall of the groove, thereby preventing the upright plate from moving. Attached Figure Description
[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main body of the device in Embodiment 1.
[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the upright plate in Example 1.
[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing mechanism in Example 1.
[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the stripes in Example 1.
[0047] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the construction method in Example 1. Detailed Implementation
[0048] To further understand the content of this invention, a detailed description of the invention will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are merely illustrative and not limiting of the invention.
[0049] Example 1
[0050] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a method for trenching construction of underground continuous walls, which includes the following steps:
[0051] S1. Excavate the construction trench;
[0052] The ground surface for the construction of the diaphragm wall is leveled, and then the construction line is marked on the site. Then, an excavator is used to dig a construction trench along the construction line, with the trench depth maintained at 1 meter.
[0053] S2, pouring the sidewalls of the construction trench;
[0054] After the construction trench in S1 is excavated, a steel mesh is made at both ends of the construction trench sidewalls. Then, a mold is installed at the steel mesh, and concrete is poured into the mold. After the concrete solidifies, the sidewalls of the construction trench are formed.
[0055] S3. Rotary drilling rigs drill holes downwards from the bottom of the construction trench;
[0056] Rotary drilling rigs are used to drill holes in the bottom of the construction trench. The drilling depth is the same as the length of the ground diaphragm wall, and the hole diameter is the same as the width of the ground diaphragm wall. When the trench width is less than 6m, 3 holes are drilled in each trench section. When the trench width is greater than or equal to 6m, 4 holes are drilled.
[0057] S4. The twin-wheel grooving machine mills grooves along the drilling direction;
[0058] After the borehole is formed, the twin-wheel milling machine is kept vertically inside the construction trench by the construction device, and cuts the soil and rock around the borehole downward along the extension direction of the borehole.
[0059] In this embodiment, the combination of rotary drilling and twin-wheel grooving machine for grooving saves the step of drilling guide holes compared with the prior art. Furthermore, when the twin-wheel grooving machine is used for grooving, the center of the drill hole is hollow, which reduces the resistance to the twin-wheel grooving machine and speeds up the grooving process. This reduces the construction period and improves the work efficiency of the workers.
[0060] In this embodiment, step S1 includes the following operations:
[0061] During the excavation of the construction trench using an excavator, mud was injected into the trench, and the verticality of the construction trench was tracked and observed using an inclinometer.
[0062] Through this embodiment, during the excavation of the construction trench, the excavator's grab bucket should enter and exit the trench slowly and steadily. The excavator's digging speed should be controlled at 15m / h. The guide plate grab bucket should not dig quickly to prevent the trench wall from becoming unstable. The deviation should be corrected in time according to the excavator's instruments and the measured verticality.
[0063] During the trenching process, the verticality is controlled according to the excavator's instruments, and the verticality is tracked and observed with an inclinometer. It is strictly necessary to measure and correct immediately to ensure that the verticality of the trench wall is ≤3 / 1000. During construction, in order to prevent the trench wall from collapsing, the quality of the mud should be checked regularly to prevent mud loss and maintain the mud level necessary for the stability of the trench section. Generally, it should be more than 500mm above the groundwater level and not less than 500mm below the top of the guide wall.
[0064] After trenching, to ensure the quality of trenching, the grab bucket guide rod should be perpendicular to the trench section, the bucket body should be opened, and the grab bucket should be slowly lowered into the trench according to the trench section marking lines. The grab bucket must not be lowered or lifted quickly to avoid damaging the trench wall and causing collapse. During the grab excavation process, rotate 180 degrees every 3 grabs to eliminate trench position deviation caused by uneven meshing of the bucket teeth.
[0065] When trenching in strata where mud may be lost, leakage plugging measures must be in place, and sufficient mud must be stored. Water collection wells and drainage ditches should be set up on site to prevent surface water from flowing into the trench and damaging the mud properties.
[0066] In this embodiment, step S2 includes the following operations:
[0067] After the construction trench is excavated, a steel mesh is made at both ends of the construction trench sidewalls. Then, two baffles are fixed inside the construction trench to abut against the steel mesh, so that a pouring trench is formed between the baffles and the trench wall. Concrete is then poured into the pouring trench. After the concrete solidifies, the baffles are removed to form the sidewalls of the construction trench.
[0068] In this embodiment, the sidewall of the groove is fixed with concrete to prevent it from collapsing during subsequent construction.
[0069] In this embodiment, step S3 includes the following operations.
[0070] During the drilling process using rotary drilling, the rotary drilling bit carries the rock and soil out of the borehole. Different drill bits are selected according to different strata. Rock drilling bits are mainly used for drilling rock strata, while tubular drill bits are mainly used for drilling two cemented rock strata in the construction hole. The shearing and compressive action of the tubular drill is used to break the integrity of the rock strata.
[0071] In this embodiment, workers can reduce the drilling time by using different drill bits in combination.
[0072] In this embodiment, step S4 includes the following operations:
[0073] The twin-wheel trench cutter extends into the construction trench and cuts and breaks the surrounding rock along the drilling direction. After the twin-wheel trench cutter has cut and broken the surrounding rock of the drilled hole, all the drilled holes are connected to form a continuous underground trench. After the continuous underground trench is completed, the sediment at the bottom of the trench is cleaned up to complete the construction of the continuous underground trench.
[0074] In this embodiment, the conventional milling teeth of the milling machine are flat teeth, bevel teeth, and hobbing teeth; flat teeth are commonly used in rock strata with a strength of no more than 20 MPa, bevel teeth are commonly used in rock strata with a strength of no more than 110 MPa, and hobbing teeth are mainly used in high-strength granite.
[0075] During the trenching process, in order to remove the sediment deposited at the bottom of the trench, the bottom of the trench needs to be cleaned to improve the bearing capacity and impermeability of the diaphragm wall and improve the quality of the wall. After the trenching is completed, the reverse circulation system of the trenching machine is used to remove the sediment at the bottom of the trench and to check the trenching condition.
[0076] During the trench milling machine's construction, the rotary drilling rig's pilot hole construction was interspersed. To avoid the trench milling machine's construction being halted while waiting for the rotary drilling rig to perform pilot hole construction on the current trench segment, the trench milling machine was moved to another trench segment to construct the upper trench. After the pilot hole was completed, it returned to the current trench segment to continue trench milling. By implementing a reasonable construction flow between multiple trench segments, the rotary drilling rig's pilot hole construction could avoid occupying the critical path, saving overall construction time and improving overall efficiency.
[0077] like Figure 1-4As shown, this embodiment provides a diaphragm wall trenching construction device, including a device body 100. The device body 100 includes upright plates 110 erected on both sides of the diaphragm trench. Both ends of the upright plates 110 are provided with baffles 160 arranged along the height direction of the upright plates 110. The upright plates 110 and the baffles 160 together form a limiting groove 170 for a double-wheel trenching machine to pass through. The lower end of the upright plates 110 is provided with a fixing mechanism 310, which is used to fix the baffles 160 at the opening of the diaphragm trench.
[0078] In this embodiment, during the milling process of the twin-wheel milling machine, the operator places the main body 100 of the device at the groove opening and fixes the two upright plates 110 on both sides of the groove opening through the fixing mechanism 310. Then, the twin-wheel milling machine passes through the limiting groove 170 and enters the groove for milling. During this process, the twin-wheel milling machine is limited from four directions by the upright plates 110 and the baffles 160, thereby preventing the twin-wheel milling machine from deviating from the milling track and reducing the error of the verticality of the underground continuous trench.
[0079] In this embodiment, the fixing mechanism 310 includes a sleeve 150 disposed between two vertical plates 110; threaded rods 320 extending into the sleeve 150 are respectively provided at both ends of the sleeve 150, and internal threads that cooperate with the threaded rods 320 are provided on the inner sidewall of the sleeve 150; a slider 340 passing through the vertical plate 110 is provided at the end of the threaded rod 320 away from the sleeve 150, and the slider 340 extends downward into the underground continuous trench near the sidewall of the threaded rod 320 to form a first fixing plate 140; a second fixing plate 330 abutting against the end face of the vertical plate 110 is provided at the end of the vertical plate 110; a first through hole 210 for the slider 340 to pass through is provided at the lower end of the vertical plate 110; when the sleeve 150 rotates, the threaded rods 320 push the first fixing plate 140 against the sidewall of the underground continuous wall.
[0080] In this embodiment, by rotating the sleeve 150, the operator can push the two threaded rods 320 toward the side walls at both ends of the groove, and push the first fixing plate 140 to press against the side walls at both ends of the groove, thereby preventing the upright plate 110 from moving, which makes it easier for the operator to fix the upright plate 110.
[0081] In this embodiment, the sidewall of the opening of the first through hole 210 is recessed inward to form a slot 220 for the first fixing plate 140 to be inserted.
[0082] In this embodiment, when the first fixing plate 140 is pressed against the side wall of the groove, the first fixing plate 140 is also inserted into the slot 220, thereby ensuring that one end face of the upright plate 110 is flush with the side wall of the groove, so that the milling machine can smoothly enter the groove and prevent the groove opening from being damaged when the head gear of the milling machine falls.
[0083] In this embodiment, the upright plate 110 includes a first sub-upright plate 250 and a second sub-upright plate 240; the second sub-upright plate 240 is disposed at the lower end of the first sub-upright plate 250 and perpendicular to the first sub-upright plate 250; a support rod 120 is inclinedly disposed between the first sub-upright plate 250 and the second sub-upright plate 240; a sliding groove 230 communicating with the first through hole 210 is provided on the upper end surface of the second sub-upright plate 240; and a roller 130 is provided on the lower end surface of the second sub-upright plate 240.
[0084] In this embodiment, the support rod 120 supports the first sub-upper plate 250 and the second sub-upper plate 240, thereby improving the stability of the upright plate 110. During the construction of the milling machine, the workers can push the upright plate 110 and move it to a suitable position through the roller 130, which makes it convenient for the workers to push the upright plate 110 to move.
[0085] In this embodiment, the first fixing plate 140 has stripes 410 on one end face near the underground continuous trench.
[0086] In this embodiment, when the first fixing plate 140 is pressed against the side wall of the groove, the stripes 410 increase the friction between the first fixing plate 140 and the side wall of the groove, thereby preventing the upright plate 110 from moving.
[0087] It is readily understood that those skilled in the art can combine, split, or reorganize the embodiments provided in this application to obtain other embodiments, all of which do not exceed the protection scope of this application.
[0088] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above illustratively. This description is not restrictive, and the embodiments shown are only part of the embodiments of the present invention. The actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A trenching construction device for diaphragm walls, characterized in that: The device includes a main body (100), which includes upright plates (110) set on both sides of the underground continuous trench; baffles (160) are provided at both ends of the upright plates (110) along the height direction of the upright plates (110); the upright plates (110) and the baffles (160) together form a limiting groove (170) for the double wheel milling machine to pass through; a fixing mechanism (310) is provided at the lower end of the upright plates (110), which is used to fix the baffles (160) at the opening of the underground continuous trench.
2. The underground continuous wall trenching construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (310) includes a sleeve (150) disposed between two vertical plates (110); threaded rods (320) extending into the sleeve (150) are respectively provided at both ends of the sleeve (150), and an internal thread that mates with the threaded rods (320) is provided on the inner side wall of the sleeve (150); a slider (340) passing through the vertical plate (110) is provided at the end of the threaded rod (320) away from the sleeve (150), and the slider (340) extends downward into the underground continuous trench at the side wall of the end near the threaded rod (320) to form a first fixing plate (140); a second fixing plate (330) abutting against the end face of the vertical plate (110) is provided at the end of the vertical plate (110); a first through hole (210) for the slider (340) to pass through is provided at the lower end of the vertical plate (110); when the sleeve (150) rotates, the threaded rods (320) push the first fixing plate (140) against the side wall of the underground continuous wall.
3. The underground continuous wall trenching construction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the first through hole (210) is recessed inward to form a slot (220) for the first fixing plate (140) to be inserted.
4. The underground continuous wall trenching construction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upright plate (110) includes a first sub-upright plate (250) and a second sub-upright plate (240); the second sub-upright plate (240) is disposed at the lower end of the first sub-upright plate (250) and is perpendicular to the first sub-upright plate (250); a support rod (120) is inclinedly disposed between the first sub-upright plate (250) and the second sub-upright plate (240); a groove (230) communicating with the first through hole (210) is provided on the upper end surface of the second sub-upright plate (240); a roller (130) is provided on the lower end surface of the second sub-upright plate (240).
5. The underground continuous wall trenching construction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first fixed plate (140) has stripes (410) on one end face near the underground continuous trench.