Antenna module and communication device

Abstract

The application provides an antenna module and a communication device. The antenna module comprises a floor, a first antenna, a second antenna and a first decoupling structure. By setting the profile height of the first decoupling structure, the distance between the first decoupling structure and the first antenna, and the distance between the first decoupling structure and the second antenna, the coupling amount between the first antenna and the second antenna is reduced, which is conducive to realizing the miniaturization design of the antenna module and improving the isolation degree under the premise of ensuring the antenna efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of network communication, and in particular to an antenna module and a communication device. BACKGROUND

[0002] MIMO system, i.e. multiple-input multiple-output system, through setting multiple transmitting and receiving antennas and then through specific data processing, the communication capacity can be increased by several times, so as to meet the increasing demand of communication service. In the communication device, different antennas need not to affect each other when working, and the port isolation is used to quantify the size of the influence. The greater the port isolation is, the smaller the mutual influence of the two antennas is. Generally, the farther the distance between the two antennas is, the better the isolation between them is. However, in the actual engineering implementation, the space and position are often limited, and multiple antennas are placed close to each other, resulting in strong signal coupling between each other, mutual influence, and poor port isolation. Therefore, the signal coupling between the antennas needs to be eliminated through decoupling technology to improve the port isolation and meet the system requirements. According to the different frequency bands of the antenna signal, the decoupling technology can be divided into same-frequency decoupling and different-frequency decoupling. The decoupling technology based on two antennas with the same working frequency band is called same-frequency decoupling.

[0003] For the antenna, the additional decoupling structure usually introduces unnecessary deterioration of the radiation performance, and with the development trend of miniaturization of electronic devices, the decoupling mode of increasing the distance between the antenna units is also not desirable.

[0004] Therefore, under the premise of ensuring the radiation performance of the antenna, how to realize the decoupling of multiple antennas in a limited space is a direction that the industry is constantly exploring. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides an antenna module and a communication device, which realizes the decoupling of multiple antennas in a limited space through the decoupling scheme of the antenna module, and fully ensures the radiation performance of the antenna.

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an antenna module, comprising a floor, a first antenna, a second antenna and a first decoupling structure, a direction perpendicular to the floor is a first direction, the first antenna and the second antenna are arranged on one side of the floor in the first direction, the working frequency of the first antenna and the working frequency of the second antenna are both a first frequency, the first decoupling structure is used to reduce the coupling amount between the first antenna and the second antenna, the resonant frequency of the first decoupling structure is the first frequency; in the first direction, the maximum distance between the first decoupling structure and the floor is a profile height of the first decoupling structure, the profile height of the first decoupling structure ranges between 0.04 wavelength and 0.16 wavelength, the distance between the first decoupling structure and the first antenna is a first distance, and the distance between the first decoupling structure and the second antenna is a second distance, the first distance and the second distance are both between 0.1 wavelength and 0.45 wavelength.

[0007] The first distance refers to the distance between the phase center of the first decoupling structure and the phase center of the first antenna. The second distance refers to the distance between the phase center of the first decoupling structure and the phase center of the second antenna. The present application can realize small size of the antenna by arranging the first decoupling structure, which is conducive to the thin design of the communication device, and can also solve the problem of isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna. By controlling the profile height of the first decoupling structure, the distance between the first decoupling structure and the first antenna, and the distance between the first decoupling structure and the second antenna, the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna can be improved while reducing the influence on the radiation efficiency of the first antenna and the second antenna in a limited space. The simulation diagram of the radiation efficiency of the first antenna and the second antenna has no obvious pits.

[0008] In a possible implementation manner, the distance between the first antenna and the second antenna is between 0.2 wavelength and 0.8 wavelength. The distance between the first antenna and the second antenna refers to the distance between the phase center of the first antenna and the phase center of the second antenna. Specifically, the present application can save the space of the mainboard by shortening the distance between the first antenna and the second antenna, which is conducive to the small size design of the antenna module. Since the distance between the first antenna and the second antenna is between 0.2 wavelength and 0.8 wavelength, if the first decoupling structure is not arranged in the antenna module, the first antenna and the second antenna will receive signals from each other in the resonant state, which will cause signal interference and result in poor isolation. Therefore, the present application sets the distance between the first antenna and the second antenna to be between 0.2 wavelength and 0.8 wavelength, and combines the arrangement of the first decoupling structure to ensure the radiation efficiency of the first antenna and the second antenna and improve the isolation.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the first decoupling structure includes a ground terminal, a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is connected between the second branch and the ground terminal, the extension direction of the first branch is the first direction, the connection between the second branch and the first branch is in a T shape, and the electrical length between the ground terminal and the end of the second branch away from the first branch is 0.25 wavelengths. This scheme provides a first decoupling structure with a low profile height. Specifically, by setting the connection position of the first branch and the second branch of the first decoupling structure in a T shape and controlling the electrical length between the ground terminal and the end of the second branch away from the first branch to be 0.25 wavelengths, the profile height of the first decoupling structure is effectively controlled by the way that the second branch extends in a bent manner relative to the first branch, while the electrical length of the first decoupling structure is ensured, which is conducive to realizing the miniaturization of the antenna module and the thinness of the communication device.

[0010] In a possible implementation, a first lumped element is arranged between the ground terminal and the first branch, and is configured to adjust the resonant frequency of the first decoupling structure and to adjust the electrical length of the first decoupling structure. The first lumped element is also conducive to realizing the low profile height of the first decoupling structure, the miniaturization of the antenna module and the thinness of the communication device.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the antenna module further includes a second decoupling structure, the second decoupling structure is configured to reduce the coupling amount between the first antenna and the second antenna, and the resonant frequency of the second decoupling structure is greater than or less than the first frequency. The application adjusts the resonant frequency of the second decoupling structure so that the resonant frequency is slightly greater or slightly less than the first frequency, thereby realizing the decoupling between the first antenna and the second antenna, improving the isolation, and reducing the influence on the radiation efficiency of the antennas. Specifically, when the second decoupling structure resonates, an efficiency pit of the second decoupling structure is generated for the electromagnetic wave at the resonant frequency of the second decoupling structure. For the first antenna and the second antenna, the efficiency pit generated by the second decoupling structure can avoid the in-band frequency (i.e., the first frequency) of the resonance of the first antenna and the second antenna, thereby reducing the influence of the second decoupling structure on the radiation efficiency of the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0012] In a possible implementation, a frequency difference between the resonant frequency of the second decoupling structure and the first frequency is between 0.03 GHz and 0.33 GHz. In a specific implementation, the resonant frequency point of the second decoupling structure is limited to a range of (fL-0.33 GHz) to (fL-0.03 GHz) or (fH+0.03 GHz) to (fH+0.33 GHz), and both can have the effect of improving isolation, while the efficiency notch does not introduce in-band. fL-fH is the frequency range (i.e., the first frequency) of the first antenna and the second antenna, for example, fL-fH is 2.4-2.5 GHz.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the antenna module further includes a third antenna and a fourth antenna, a radiator of the third antenna is located on a side of the first antenna away from the floor, a radiator of the fourth antenna is located on a side of the second antenna away from the floor, and the third antenna and the fourth antenna have a second frequency as a working frequency, the second frequency is higher than the first frequency. The first antenna and the third antenna are integrated on one antenna support, corresponding to the same region of the mainboard, and the second antenna and the fourth antenna are integrated on one antenna support, corresponding to the same region of the mainboard, which is beneficial to saving the board area of the antenna module on the mainboard, providing a miniaturized antenna module, and is also beneficial to the miniaturized design of the communication device.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the first antenna and the second antenna are 2.4G antennas, and the third antenna and the fourth antenna are 5G antennas. The application sets 2.4G antennas by borrowing the arrangement space of 5G antennas, and realizes the improvement of the isolation of the 2.4G antennas and the guarantee of the efficiency of the 2.4G antennas through the first decoupling structure and the second decoupling structure. Therefore, the first antenna and the second antenna provided in the scheme do not additionally occupy the area of the mainboard, and the radiation performance thereof can be guaranteed.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the feed structure of the third antenna and the first antenna are arranged on the same circuit board, and the feed structure of the fourth antenna and the second antenna are arranged on the same circuit board. The antenna module provided in the application uses the same circuit board to arrange the feed structure of the third antenna and the first antenna, and provides a specific scheme of integrating the first antenna and the third antenna. The first antenna occupies the space of the circuit board where the feed structure of the third antenna is located, which not only has the advantage of saving space, but also is easy to manufacture and low in cost. The Dk value of the circuit board for carrying the antenna module can be 4.2. The loss requirement of the material of the circuit board for carrying the antenna module is not high, df≤0.008, and low cost can be realized.

[0016] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an antenna module, comprising a floor and at least two adjacent antenna units located on the same side of the floor, each of the antenna units has the same architecture, each of the antenna units comprises a first main antenna and a first decoupling structure, the first main antenna has a first frequency, the first decoupling structure is used to reduce the coupling between the first main antenna and the first main antenna of the adjacent antenna unit, the first decoupling structure has a resonance frequency of the first frequency; in a direction perpendicular to the floor, the maximum distance between the first decoupling structure and the floor is the profile height of the first decoupling structure, the profile height of the first decoupling structure ranges from 0.04 wavelength to 0.16 wavelength, the distance between the first decoupling structure and the first main antenna is a first distance, and the distance between the first decoupling structure and the first main antenna of the adjacent antenna unit is a second distance, the first distance and the second distance are both within a range from 0.1 wavelength to 0.45 wavelength.

[0017] The antenna module provided by the present application has the same architecture of each antenna unit, and the specific structure of each antenna unit does not need to be considered during the assembly of the antenna units on the mainboard, because the structures of all the antenna units are the same, and each antenna unit only needs to be placed according to the position of the radio frequency chip. Therefore, the embodiment is beneficial to simplify the assembly process of the communication device, save the assembly cost, and improve the production efficiency.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the distance between the first main antenna and the first main antenna of the adjacent antenna unit ranges from 0.2 wavelength to 0.8 wavelength. Specifically, the present application can save the space of the mainboard by shortening the distance between the two first main antennas, which is beneficial to the small-size design of the antenna module. Since the distance between the two first main antennas ranges from 0.2 wavelength to 0.8 wavelength, if the first decoupling structure is not arranged in each antenna unit, the two first main antennas will receive signals from each other in the resonant state, which will cause signal interference and result in poor isolation. Therefore, the present application sets the distance between the two first main antennas to range from 0.2 wavelength to 0.8 wavelength, and combines the arrangement of the first decoupling structure to ensure the radiation efficiency between the two first main antennas and improve the isolation.

[0019] In a possible implementation manner, the first decoupling structure includes a ground terminal, a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is connected between the second branch and the ground terminal, an extension direction of the first branch is the first direction, a connection between the second branch and the first branch is in a T shape, and an electrical length between the ground terminal and an end of the second branch away from the first branch is 0.25 wavelengths. The scheme provides the first decoupling structure with a low profile height, and by means of the second branch extending in a bent manner relative to the first branch, the electrical length of the first decoupling structure is ensured, and the profile height of the first decoupling structure can be effectively controlled, which is beneficial to miniaturization of the antenna module and thinning of the communication device.

[0020] In a possible implementation manner, a first lumped unit is arranged between the ground terminal and the first branch, and the first lumped unit is used for adjusting a resonant frequency of the first decoupling structure and adjusting an electrical length of the first decoupling structure. The first lumped unit is also beneficial to realizing the low profile height of the first decoupling structure, miniaturization of the antenna module and thinning of the communication device.

[0021] In a possible implementation manner, the first decoupling structure in each of the antenna units is connected with a second lumped unit, the second lumped unit is connected in series between the first decoupling structure and the ground terminal and is used for adjusting the resonant frequency of the first decoupling structure, and the second lumped units connected with different antenna units have different values. Different antenna units are located at different positions, and electromagnetic field environments of the antenna units are different. Different electromagnetic field environments have an impact on the resonant frequency of the first decoupling structure. The second lumped unit can finely adjust the resonant frequency of the first decoupling structure, and consistency of all the antenna units is realized. Because the structures of the antenna units are the same, the decoupling effects of the antenna units with the same structure at different positions are different. In order to ensure that the radiation efficiency of the first main antenna in the multiple antenna units reaches the optimum, the second lumped unit can be adjusted. It can be understood that the second lumped unit is adjusted to compensate for the difference in the radiation efficiency of the antenna caused by environmental factors, to realize normalized design of the antenna module, and to ensure the radiation efficiency of all the antennas (the first main antenna).

[0022] In a possible implementation manner, each of the antenna units further includes a second decoupling structure, the second decoupling structure is used for reducing the coupling amount between the first main antenna and the first main antenna of the adjacent antenna unit, and the resonant frequency of the second decoupling structure is greater than or less than the first frequency.

[0023] In a possible implementation manner, a frequency difference between the resonant frequency of the second decoupling structure and the first frequency is between 0.03 GHz and 0.33 GHz. In a specific implementation manner, the resonant frequency point of the second decoupling structure is limited in a range of (fL-0.33 GHz) to (fL-0.03 GHz) or (fH+0.03 GHz) to (fH-0.33 GHz), and both can have the effect of improving isolation, and the efficiency notch does not introduce in-band. fL-fH is the frequency range (that is, the first frequency) of the first antenna and the second antenna, for example, fL-fH is 2.4-2.5 GHz.

[0024] The second decoupling structure can also be connected with a lumped device in series between the second decoupling structure and the ground, and the lumped device is arranged on the mainboard and used for adjusting the resonant frequency of the second decoupling structure.

[0025] In a possible implementation manner, each of the antenna units further includes a second main antenna, a radiator of the second main antenna is located on a side of the first main antenna away from the ground plate, and the second main antenna has a second frequency as a working frequency, the second frequency being higher than the first frequency. The first main antenna and the second main antenna are integrated on one antenna support according to the same region of the mainboard, which is beneficial to saving the board area of the antenna module on the mainboard, provides a miniaturized antenna module, and is also beneficial to the miniaturized design of the communication device.

[0026] In a possible implementation manner, the first main antenna is a 2.4G antenna, and the second main antenna is a 5G antenna.

[0027] In a possible implementation manner, the feeding structure of the second main antenna and the first main antenna are arranged on the same circuit board. The present application provides a specific scheme of integrating the first main antenna and the second main antenna, the first main antenna occupies the space on the circuit board where the feeding structure of the second main antenna is located, which not only has the advantage of saving space, but also is easy to manufacture and low in cost. The Dk value of the circuit board for carrying the antenna module can be 4.2. The present application has a low requirement on the loss of the material of the circuit board for carrying the antenna module, df≤0.008, and low cost can be achieved.

[0028] In a possible implementation manner, the antenna unit includes first and second circuit boards arranged intersectingly, the first main antenna and the first decoupling structure are arranged on the first circuit board, and the second decoupling structure is arranged on the second circuit board.

[0029] In a third aspect, the application provides a communication device, comprising the antenna module of any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect, and a radio frequency chip, wherein the radio frequency chip is disposed on a mainboard, and the antenna module is electrically connected to the radio frequency chip through a transmission line on the mainboard, and the radio frequency chip is configured to process electromagnetic wave signals transmitted and received by the antenna module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the background art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the application or the background art will be described below.

[0031] Figure 1 is an assembly view of the communication device in one direction according to an embodiment of the application;

[0032] Figure 2 is an assembly view of the communication device in another direction according to an embodiment of the application;

[0033] Figure 3 is a perspective exploded view of the communication device according to an embodiment of the application;

[0034] Figure 4 is a sectional view of the communication device according to an embodiment of the application;

[0035] Figure 5 is an internal side view of the second housing of the communication device according to an embodiment of the application;

[0036] Figure 6 is a schematic view of at least part of the electronic devices on the bottom surface of the mainboard of the communication device according to an embodiment of the application;

[0037] Figure 7 is a schematic view of the antenna module according to an embodiment of the application;

[0038] Figure 8 is a schematic view of the antenna module according to an embodiment of the application;

[0039] Figure 9 is a schematic view of the antenna module according to an embodiment of the application;

[0040] Figure 10 is a schematic view of one of the antenna units in the antenna module according to an embodiment of the application;

[0041] Figure 11 is a schematic view of the antenna module according to an embodiment of the application;

[0042] Figure 12 is a schematic view of the second lumped element disposed on the mainboard in the antenna module according to an embodiment of the application;

[0043] Figure 13 This is an exploded view of an antenna module provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna module provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 15 This is an antenna efficiency curve of an existing antenna module.

[0046] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the matching status curves of four antennas in an antenna module provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram showing the isolation curves of four antennas in an antenna module provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the radiation efficiency of four antennas in an antenna module provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 19 , Figure 20 , Figure 21 and Figure 22 A schematic diagram showing the isolation and radiation efficiency of four different antenna module sizes. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical terms used in this application are explained below.

[0051] A wireless AP, or Access Point, is essentially a wireless switch within a wireless network. It serves as the access point for mobile users to connect to a wired network and is widely used for network coverage in various settings, including education, healthcare, and enterprise applications. Wireless APs can be used for home broadband and enterprise intranet deployments, with wireless coverage distances ranging from tens to hundreds of meters. Typical wireless APs also include an access point client mode, allowing APs to wirelessly link with each other, thereby extending the wireless network's coverage area.

[0052] MIMO technology, or Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, refers to the use of multiple transmit and receive antennas at both the transmitting and receiving ends. This allows signals to be transmitted and received through multiple antennas, thereby improving communication quality. It makes full use of spatial resources, achieving multiple transmissions and receptions through multiple antennas. Without increasing spectrum resources or antenna transmission power, it can multiply the system's channel capacity, demonstrating significant advantages and being considered a core technology for next-generation mobile communications.

[0053] The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] Figure 1 and Figure 2 is an assembly view of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 3 is an exploded view of the communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 is a sectional view of the communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 is a schematic view of the inner side of the second shell 102 of the communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0055] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , in an embodiment, the communication device 100 is a wireless AP. The communication device 100 comprises a first shell 101 and a second shell 102, which are buckled to each other to jointly enclose an internal space G of the communication device 100. In an application environment of the communication device 100, the first shell 101 is a bottom shell, and the second shell 102 is a top shell. The first shell 101 is connected to a carrier, for example, the first shell 101 contacts a support surface of a desktop, a wall surface or other carrier. The periphery of the second shell 102 is generally not covered by other objects and is exposed to the air. In an embodiment, the first shell 101 is a shell with a conductor material and shielding function (for example, a metal shell).

[0056] Referring to Figure 2 , on the outer surface of the first shell 101, the first shell 101 comprises a middle region R1 and an edge region R2 surrounding the periphery of the middle region. The middle region R1 is used to arrange connector jacks 1011 (for example, jacks corresponding to network ports and jacks corresponding to fiber interfaces) and accommodate external cables. The intersection of the middle region R1 and the edge region R2 is provided with feet 1012. Specifically, the middle region R1 is square, and the number of the feet 1012 is four, which are distributed at the four corner positions of the middle region R1. The edge region R2 is provided with fins 1013 for dissipating heat for heat generating elements in the communication device. The fins 1013 are arranged around the periphery of the connector jacks 1011. The fins 1013 comprise a plurality of fins, each of which extends from the intersection of the edge region R2 and the middle region R1 to the outer edge of the edge region R2. The edge region R2 is also provided with an opening 1014, which communicates the internal space G of the communication device 100 with the outside. The opening 1014 is arranged to mount an IOT (Internet of things) card module. The IOT card can be understood as an Internet of Things card, that is, a chip for providing Internet access for the device.

[0057] Referring to Figure 3 In a specific embodiment, the inner surface of the first shell 101 forms a plurality of accommodating spaces G1, adjacent accommodating spaces G1 are separated by a lower partition plate 1015, the plurality of accommodating spaces G1 are independently arranged, and the plurality of accommodating spaces G1 are used to accommodate electronic devices in the communication device 100. The independent arrangement of the accommodating spaces G1 allows the first shell 101 to form a shielding cover structure for the electronic devices. Therefore, the first shell 101 of the communication device 100 provided in the present application integrates the functions of the shell and the shielding cover. The first shell 101 and the main board 103 of the communication device 100 are combined, so that the first shell 101 forms a plurality of shielding covers arranged on the main board 103, which can shield different electronic devices on the main board 103. Therefore, the present application does not need to additionally arrange a shielding cover structure between the shell and the main board of the communication device 100, which is beneficial to the thin design of the communication device. The second shell 102 is made of a non-conductor material (for example, plastic), and the inner side of the second shell 102 is used to arrange an antenna module. The design of the second shell 102 as a non-conductor material does not affect the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0058] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The communication device 100 is provided with a main board 103, which is fixed in the internal space G surrounded by the first shell 101 and the second shell 102. The main board 103 includes a bottom surface S1 and a top surface S2. The bottom surface S1 faces the inner surface of the first shell 101, and the top surface S2 faces the inner surface of the second shell 102. The electronic devices on the main board 103 include a CPU, a CPU peripheral circuit, a plurality of radio frequency chips, a baseband chip, an antenna module, and other functional modules (for example, a power supply module, a Bluetooth module, a network port, a fiber interface, etc.). The main heat generating devices and the devices that need electromagnetic shielding on the main board 103 are arranged on the bottom surface S1, and the electronic devices that need electromagnetic shielding are arranged in the accommodating spaces G1 formed by the first shell 101, which have a shielding cover function. The main heat generating devices are cooled by the first shell 101. For example, the electronic devices such as the CPU, the baseband chip, the radio frequency chip, the power supply module, the Bluetooth module, the network port, the fiber interface, and the IOT card module are arranged on the bottom surface S1 of the main board 103. The antenna module 10 is arranged on the top surface S2 of the main board 103. Since the second shell 102 is made of a non-conductor material, the side of the antenna module 10 away from the main board 103 becomes a clearance space, which is beneficial to ensuring the performance of the antenna. The antenna module 10 is arranged at the edge region of the main board 103, and the intermediate region surrounded by the antenna module 10 is used to arrange the CPU peripheral circuit.

[0059] Referring to Figure 5In an embodiment, the second shell 102 includes a plate body 1021 and an upper partition plate 1022 protruding from the inner surface of the plate body 1021. The upper partition plate 1022 can be integrally formed with the plate body 1021. On the one hand, the upper partition plate 1022 is used to improve the strength of the plate body 1021 and ensure the flatness of the plate body 1021. On the other hand, the upper partition plate 1022 surrounds a plurality of separated spaces G2 on the inner surface of the plate body 1021. In the assembled state, each antenna unit of the antenna module 10 is arranged in a different separated space G2. The orthographic projection of each antenna unit of the antenna module 10 on the second shell 102 in the direction perpendicular to the main board 103 is located in the corresponding separated space G2.

[0060] Referring to Figure 6 In an embodiment, the bottom surface S1 of the main board 103 is provided with a CPU located in the middle region. The top of the CPU is provided with 2G and 5G radio frequency chips and baseband chips. The radio frequency chips and the baseband chips can be independent chips. According to the arrangement requirement of the antenna, a plurality of 2G radio frequency antennas and a plurality of 5G radio frequency chips can be arranged. Similarly, the number of baseband antennas can also be set to multiple according to the antenna and frequency arrangement requirement. The left side of the CPU is provided with a Bluetooth chip. The right side of the CPU is provided with an IOT card module. The lower side of the CPU is provided with a 6G baseband chip and a radio frequency chip, a network port, a fiber port, a DC power supply, and a power supply voltage conversion module. The radio frequency chip and the baseband chip in the 6G baseband chip and the radio frequency chip (i.e., the 6G baseband chip and the 6G radio frequency chip) can be independent chips. According to the arrangement requirement of the antenna, a plurality of 6G radio frequency antennas can be arranged. Similarly, the number of baseband antennas can also be set to multiple according to the antenna arrangement requirement. The communication device provided in the present application can also be provided with other electronic devices, such as a CPLD logic chip, a PHY chip, and other processors.

[0061] As Figure 3 shown, the present application directly arranges the antenna module 10 on the top surface S2 of the main board 103. The feeding lines of each antenna in the antenna module 10 are directly arranged in the main board 103 (for example, the microstrip line on the main board 103 forms a feeding system), without the need for additional feeding cables. If the antenna module 10 is separately fixed on an antenna board, for example, the antenna board can be a metal plate and is arranged in a stack with the main board. The radio frequency chip feeds the antenna module through the feeding cable. In this architecture, not only does the antenna board occupy the space of the communication device, but the feeding cable also occupies the space of the communication device. Moreover, the assembly of the antenna board and the assembly of the feeding cable make the internal structure of the communication device less simple. For the signal of the antenna module, the signal quality of the feeding cable is not as good as that of the feeding structure directly feeding through the lines in the main board 103.

[0062] The antenna module 10 provided in the present application is a MIMO antenna system. The antenna module 10 comprises multiple groups of antennas (multiple antenna units), each group of antennas has different working frequencies. In general, the antenna module can comprise two or more than two antennas working at a first frequency, two or more than two antennas working at a second frequency. For example, in one embodiment, the antenna module comprises three groups of antennas, the first group is a first frequency antenna (for example, a 2.4G antenna, working frequency band: 2.4-2.5GHz), the second group is a second frequency antenna (for example, a 5G antenna, working frequency band: 5.15-5.85GHz), and the third group is a third frequency band antenna (for example, a 6G antenna, working frequency band: 5.925-7.125GHz). Each group of antennas comprises multiple independent antennas, which means that the antennas have independent feeding sources and radiators and can perform antenna functions independently. In one specific embodiment, the antenna module comprises 4 2.4G antennas, 4 5G antennas, and 4 6G antennas. One antenna unit can be provided with one antenna of one frequency (for example, one antenna unit only comprises one 6G antenna), or one antenna unit can be provided with two antennas of different frequencies, for example, one antenna unit comprises one 2.4G antenna and one 5G antenna.

[0063] In order to ensure the working efficiency of all antennas, the isolation between each antenna and other antennas needs to be ensured when each antenna is working. Port isolation is used to quantitatively describe the influence between antennas, and the greater the port isolation, the smaller the mutual influence between two antennas. Generally, the farther the distance between antennas, the better the isolation. However, a large distance between antennas will affect the design of miniaturization of communication equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to shorten the distance between antennas, save the board space, and obtain smaller communication equipment. For low-frequency antennas, the safe distance between two adjacent low-frequency antennas is large. Generally, multiple low-frequency antennas are distributed in different corners of the circuit board to realize the isolation between antennas. However, this method is not conducive to the layout of the circuit board, and the radio frequency chips connected to the antennas also need to be arranged separately to obtain better antenna performance. If the radio frequency chips are arranged centrally and the antennas are arranged separately, some antennas will be connected to the radio frequency chips through a long cable, which will cause the loss of radio frequency signals.

[0064] Referring to Figure 3The antenna module 10 is arranged on the top surface S2 of the mainboard 103, and the antenna module 10 includes a plurality of antenna units. In a specific embodiment, the antenna module 10 includes eight antenna units, four of which integrate antennas of the first frequency and the second frequency, for example, four 2.4G antennas and four 5G antennas, that is, each antenna unit includes one antenna of the first frequency and one antenna of the second frequency (it can be understood that one 2.4G antenna and one 5G antenna are arranged on one antenna support, and the same position of the mainboard 103 is arranged). Specifically, the four 2.4G antennas are arranged adjacent to each other, and all the 2.4G antennas are arranged on the same side of the central area of the mainboard 103, and the positions of the four 2.4G antennas and the four 5G antennas on the mainboard 103 are the same. It can be understood that the first frequency is low frequency, and the second frequency is high frequency. Under the condition of meeting the antenna performance and isolation, the high-frequency antenna occupies less space on the board than the low-frequency antenna. The second frequency antenna is arranged as a reference position, and on the basis of reasonable layout of the positions of the plurality of second frequency antennas, the first frequency antenna is arranged at the position of the corresponding second frequency antenna, and the isolation and performance of the first frequency antenna are adjusted through decoupling technology. Such a design can save the board space of the antenna module and is beneficial to the small size and thin design of the communication device. Specifically, the positions of the four 5G antennas on the mainboard 103 are first arranged, and then the four 2.4G antennas are arranged on the feed circuit board of the four 5G antennas, and then the decoupling structure is arranged for the 2.4G antenna, that is, the isolation between the adjacent 2.4G antennas is ensured, and the radiation efficiency of each 2.4G antenna is also ensured.

[0065] Figure 7 The architecture of the antenna radiator and the decoupling structure arrangement of the antenna module 10 in an embodiment of the application is schematically expressed. The antenna radiator and the decoupling structure can be a metal sheet structure or a structure similar to a microstrip line arranged on a circuit board. Figure 7 The structure of the support or the circuit board for carrying the antenna in the antenna module is not included, Figure 7 The radiator and the decoupling structure in the antenna module 10 shown can be arranged on a circuit board and then connected to the mainboard through the circuit board, or can be arranged on an antenna support which can be an insulating material and only used for carrying the antenna radiator and the decoupling structure.

[0066] Referring to Figure 7 In an embodiment, the antenna module 10 includes a ground plate 1001, a first antenna 11, a second antenna 12, and a first decoupling structure 13. The ground plate 1001 can be Figure 3The ground plane on the main board 103 in the illustrated embodiment is set in a first direction Al perpendicular to the plane on which the ground plate 1001 lies. In the first direction Al, the first antenna 11, the second antenna 12, and the first decoupling structure 13 are arranged on one side of the ground plate 1001. Specifically, in combination with Figure 3 The first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 each have a first frequency, for example 2.4G. The first decoupling structure 13 is used to reduce the coupling between the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12, and has a resonant frequency of the first frequency. In the first direction Al, the maximum distance between the first decoupling structure 13 and the ground plate 1001 is the profile height H1 of the first decoupling structure 13. The profile height H1 of the first decoupling structure 13 is in the range of 0.04 wavelengths to 0.16 wavelengths, where the wavelength is the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave of the first frequency. The distance between the first decoupling structure 13 and the first antenna 11 is a first distance D1, and the distance between the first decoupling structure 13 and the second antenna 12 is a second distance D2. The first distance D1 and the second distance D2 are each in the range of 0.1 wavelengths to 0.45 wavelengths, and the distance D3 between the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 is in the range of 0.2 wavelengths to 0.8 wavelengths, where the wavelength is the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave of the first frequency. The first distance D1 refers to the distance between the phase center of the first decoupling structure 13 and the phase center of the first antenna 11. The second distance D2 refers to the distance between the phase center of the first decoupling structure 13 and the phase center of the second antenna 12. The distance D3 between the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 refers to the distance between the phase center of the first antenna 11 and the phase center of the second antenna 12.

[0067] Figure 7 In the embodiment, the first distance D1, the second distance D2, and the distance D3 between the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 are marked on the ground plate 1001, and the purpose of marking with the ground plate 1001 as the reference surface is to facilitate viewing, and does not represent the actual physical distance of the marked position. In this application, the first distance D1, the second distance D2, and the distance D3 between the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 are defined as the distances between the respective phase centers.

[0068] The first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 are respectively connected to different feed structures, and are respectively fed by different radio frequency chips to excite the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 in the resonant state at the first frequency. Since the distance D3 between the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 is between 0.2 wavelengths and 0.8 wavelengths, if the first decoupling structure 13 is not arranged, the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 will receive signals from each other in the resonant state, which will form signal interference and cause the communication capacity to decrease, and therefore the isolation of the antennas is poor. The isolation of the antennas refers to the ratio of the signal received by one antenna through another antenna to the signal of the transmitting antenna. That is, the less the signal received by one antenna through another antenna, the better the isolation of the two antennas, and the lower the interference degree.

[0069] The first decoupling structure 13 can solve the problem of the isolation between the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12, and by controlling the profile height H1 of the first decoupling structure 13, the distance D1 between the first decoupling structure 13 and the first antenna 11, and the distance D2 between the first decoupling structure 13 and the second antenna 12, the isolation between the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 can be improved while reducing the influence on the radiation efficiency of the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12. Figure 18 The simulation diagram of the radiation efficiency of the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 does not have obvious pits. Specifically, since the resonant frequency of the first decoupling structure 13 is the same as the working frequency of the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12, if the first distance and the second distance are less than 0.1 wavelengths, the first decoupling structure 13 will improve the isolation between the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12, but the resonance of the first decoupling structure 13 will cause the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 to appear efficiency pits in the resonant state at the working frequency, that is, the radiation efficiency of the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 is low at the working frequency position, which causes the signal to be weak or interrupted.

[0070] The principle of the efficiency dip of the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 at the operating frequency is that, under a low profile, the Q value of the first decoupling structure 13 is low, and the loss is large. After the electromagnetic waves of the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 are accepted by the first decoupling structure 13, part of the electromagnetic waves is lost in the first decoupling structure 13, and the other part is radiated again and superimposed with the radiation field of the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12. What is seen at the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 is that part of the energy is lost (lost by the first decoupling structure 13), so that the efficiency dip is generated. The profile height H1 of the first decoupling structure 13 can be controlled to realize the small size of the antenna, which is beneficial to the thin design of the communication equipment, and the distance D1 between the first decoupling structure 13 and the first antenna 11 and the distance D2 between the first decoupling structure 13 and the second antenna 12 can reduce the influence of the first decoupling structure 13 on the radiation efficiency of the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12.

[0071] Referring to Figure 7 In an embodiment, the antenna module 10 further comprises a second decoupling structure 14, which is used to reduce the coupling amount between the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12, and the resonant frequency of the second decoupling structure 14 is greater than or less than the first frequency. The frequency difference between the resonant frequency of the second decoupling structure 14 and the first frequency is between 0.03 GHz and 0.33 GHz. The resonant frequency point of the second decoupling structure 14 is limited in the range of (fL-0.33 GHz)~(fL-0.03 GHz) or (fH+0.03 GHz)~(fH+0.33 GHz), which can have the effect of improving the isolation degree, and the efficiency dip is not introduced into the band. fL~fH is the frequency range (i.e. the first frequency) of the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12, for example, fL~fH is 2.4~2.5 GHz.

[0072] The resonant frequency of the second decoupling structure 14 is adjusted to be slightly greater or slightly less than the first frequency, so as to realize the decoupling between the first antenna and the second antenna, improve the isolation degree, and reduce the influence on the radiation efficiency of the antenna. When the second decoupling structure 14 resonates, it will generate an efficiency dip for the electromagnetic waves at the resonant frequency of the second decoupling structure 14. For the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12, the efficiency dip generated by the second decoupling structure 14 can avoid the in-band frequency (i.e. the first frequency) of the resonance of the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12, so as to reduce the influence of the second decoupling structure 14 on the radiation efficiency of the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12.

[0073] The second decoupling structure 14 can be an auxiliary decoupling scheme of the first decoupling structure 13. The second decoupling structure 14 and the first decoupling structure 13 are combined in one antenna module 10, which can effectively realize the isolation between the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 and ensure the radiation efficiency of the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12.

[0074] The distance between the second decoupling structure 14 and the first antenna 11 is 0.05 wavelength to 0.6 wavelength. The distance between the second decoupling structure 14 and the second antenna 12 is 0.05 wavelength to 0.6 wavelength. The distance between the second decoupling structure 14 and the first antenna 11 can be less than the first distance D1, and the distance between the second decoupling structure 14 and the second antenna 12 can be less than the second distance D2.

[0075] The application does not limit the number and specific position of the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12. Figure 7 In the embodiment shown, the number of antennas with the resonant frequency of the first frequency is four, Figure 7 Two first antennas 11 and two second antennas 12 are schematically shown in the figure. One of any two adjacent antennas can be a first antenna, and the other can be a second antenna.

[0076] Referring to Figure 8 If one antenna at the middle position is taken as the first antenna 11, the other three antennas can be the second antennas 12.

[0077] Referring to Figure 9 In one embodiment, the antenna module 10 provided by the application includes a floor 1001 and at least two adjacent antenna units 10A located on the same side of the floor 1001, Figure 9 In the embodiment shown, the antenna module 10 includes five antenna units 10A, and the part in each dashed circle represents one antenna unit 10A. The architecture of each antenna unit 10A is the same, and the architecture of each antenna unit 10A is described as follows.

[0078] The antenna unit 10A includes a first main antenna 10A1 whose operating frequency is a first frequency, and a first decoupling structure 13 for reducing the amount of coupling between the first main antenna 10A1 and the first main antenna 10A1 of an adjacent antenna unit 10A, the resonant frequency of the first decoupling structure 13 being the first frequency. In a direction perpendicular to the floor 1001 (first direction A1), the maximum distance between the first decoupling structure 13 and the floor 1001 is the profile height H1 of the first decoupling structure 13, the profile height H1 of the first decoupling structure 13 ranging between 0.04 wavelengths and 0.16 wavelengths, the distance between the first decoupling structure 13 and the first main antenna 10A1 being a first distance D1, the distance between the first decoupling structure 13 and the first main antenna 10A1 of an adjacent antenna unit 10A being a second distance D2, the first distance D1 and the second distance D2 both being between 0.1 wavelengths and 0.45 wavelengths. The distance D3 between the first main antenna 10A1 and the first main antenna 10A1 of an adjacent antenna unit 10A is between 0.2 wavelengths and 0.8 wavelengths.

[0079] Each of the antenna units 10A also includes a second decoupling structure 14 for reducing the amount of coupling between the first main antenna 10A1 and the first main antenna 10A1 of an adjacent antenna unit 10A, the resonant frequency of the second decoupling structure 14 being greater than the first frequency or less than the first frequency. The frequency difference between the resonant frequency of the second decoupling structure 14 and the first frequency is between 0.03 GHz and 0.33 GHz. The resonant frequency of the second decoupling structure 14 is defined in the range (fL-0.33 GHz) to (fL-0.03 GHz) or (fH+0.03 GHz) to (fH+0.33 GHz), both of which can have the effect of improving isolation while not introducing an efficiency dip in the band. fL-fH is the frequency range of the first main antenna 10A1 (i.e., the first frequency), for example, fL-fH is 2.4-2.5 GHz.

[0080] The distance between the second decoupling structure 14 and the first main antenna 10A1 is 0.05 wavelengths to 0.6 wavelengths. The distance between the second decoupling structure 14 and the first main antenna 10A1 can be less than the distance between the first decoupling structure 13 and the first main antenna 10A1 (first distance D1), or less than the distance between the first decoupling structure 13 and the first main antenna 10A1 of an adjacent antenna unit 10A (second distance D2).

[0081] In the embodiment, the first decoupling structure 13 and the second decoupling structure 14 can improve the isolation between the first main antenna 10A1 of the antenna unit 10A and the first main antenna of the adjacent antenna unit 10A, and can ensure the radiation efficiency of the first main antenna 10A1 of the antenna unit 10A. The principle is the same as that of the embodiment shown in Figure 7 The principle of the embodiment shown in

[0082] Figure 9 In the embodiment shown, the first main antenna 10A1, the first decoupling structure 13 and the second decoupling structure 14 in each antenna unit 10A can be arranged on an antenna support or a circuit board, so that each antenna unit 10A constitutes an integrated architecture. In the process of assembling the plurality of antenna units 10A on the main board 103, the specific structure of each antenna unit 10A does not need to be considered, because the structures of all the antenna units 10A are the same, and only the positions of the radio frequency chips need to be considered. Therefore, the embodiment is advantageous in simplifying the assembly process of the communication device, saving the assembly cost, and improving the production efficiency.

[0083] Referring to Figure 10 In an embodiment, each antenna unit 10A in the antenna module 10 provided by the application is arranged on a support 15 composed of a circuit board. The support 15 includes a first circuit board 151 and a second circuit board 152, and the first circuit board 151 and the second circuit board 152 are both circuit boards. The first circuit board 151 and the second circuit board 152 are cross-assembled to form a cross-shaped support 15. The first main antenna 10A1 and the first decoupling structure 13 are arranged on the first circuit board 151, and the first circuit board 151 includes a first side 1511 and a second side 1512 arranged opposite to each other, and a top side 1513 and a bottom side 1514 connected between the first side and the second side. The first main antenna 10A1 is arranged adjacent to the first side 1511 of the first circuit board 151, and the first decoupling structure 13 is arranged adjacent to the second side 1512 of the first circuit board 151. In combination with Figure 3As shown, the support 15 is mounted on the main board 103, the bottom edge 1514 contacts the surface of the main board 103, and the top edge 1513 is located at the end of the support 15 away from the main board 103. The second decoupling structure 14 is arranged on the second circuit board 152. The first main antenna 10A1, the first decoupling structure 13 and the second decoupling structure 14 are arranged by the antenna support formed by the first circuit board 151 and the second circuit board 152, so that the distance between the first decoupling structure 13 and the first main antenna 10A1 can be ensured to be between 0.1 wavelength and 0.45 wavelength, and the distance between the second decoupling structure 14 and the first main antenna 10A1 can be smaller than the distance between the first decoupling structure 13 and the first main antenna 10A1. Moreover, the first main antenna 10A1, the first decoupling structure 13 and the second decoupling structure 14 are manufactured on the first circuit board 151 and the second circuit board 152, which can be realized by a circuit board manufacturing process, has low manufacturing cost and light weight.

[0084] In an embodiment, the first main antenna 10A1 includes a first section 21, a second section 22 and a third section 23. The first section 21 extends from the bottom edge 1514 to the top edge 1513 of the first circuit board 151, and the first section 21 extends along the first direction A1. The first section 21 includes a feeding end 211 located at the position of the bottom edge 1514 and a distal end 212 close to the top edge 1513. The second section 22 and the third section 23 are distributed on both sides of the distal end 212 along the second direction A2. The second direction A2 is the direction of the perpendicular line between the first edge 1511 and the second edge 1512. The second section 22 and the third section 23 have the same structure and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first section 21. The second section 22 and the third section 23 have an overall L-shaped structure. The first main antenna 10A1 further includes a fourth section 24 and a fifth section 25. The fourth section 24 and the fifth section 25 are connected between the first section 21 and the ground. The fourth section 24 and the fifth section 25 are the same and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first section 21. The fourth section 24 and the fifth section 25 are arranged close to the bottom edge 1514 of the first circuit board 151.

[0085] The phase center of the first main antenna 10A1 can be determined according to the simulation diagram of the antenna. For example, the phase center of the first main antenna 10A1 can be located at the center position of the first section 21. The phase centers of other antennas or decoupling structures in the antenna module can also be obtained by the same method.

[0086] In an embodiment, the first decoupling structure 13 can have a T-shaped structure or a straight line structure or other structures. Figure 10The first decoupling structure 13 includes a ground terminal 131, a first branch 132 and a second branch 133. The first branch 132 is connected between the second branch 133 and the ground terminal 131. The first branch 132 extends in the first direction A1. The second branch 133 extends in a direction different from the first branch 132, i.e. the second branch 133 extends in a direction bent relative to the first branch 132. The second branch 133 has a length of 0.25 wavelength. The second branch 133 has a T-shaped structure. The second branch 133 has an L-shaped structure on both sides of the first branch 132. The first decoupling structure 13 has a low profile height. The first decoupling structure 13 has a T-shaped structure. The length between the ground terminal 131 and the end of the second branch 133 away from the first branch 132 is 0.25 wavelength. The second branch 133 extends in a direction bent relative to the first branch 132. The second branch 133 has an L-shaped structure on both sides of the first branch 132.

[0087] The first lumped unit 134 is arranged between the ground terminal 131 and the first branch 132. The first lumped unit 134 is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the first decoupling structure 13 and to adjust the electrical length of the first decoupling structure 13. The first lumped unit 134 is an inductor, a capacitor and / or a resistor.

[0088] The second decoupling structure 14 has the same structure as the first decoupling structure 13 or has another structure.

[0089] Referring to Figure 11 and Figure 12The first decoupling structure 13 in each of the antenna units 10A is connected with a second lumped element 16, which is connected in series between the first decoupling structure 13 and the ground for adjusting the resonant frequency of the first decoupling structure 13 to compensate the influence of the resonant frequency of the first decoupling structure 13 caused by different electromagnetic field environments. The second lumped element 16 is used to reduce the coupling between adjacent first main antennas 10A1 together with the first decoupling structure 13. The second lumped element 16 can be an inductor, a capacitor and / or a resistor on the main board 103 by SMT. As shown in Figure 12 The main board 103 is provided with a pad for electrically connecting the first decoupling structure 13, and the second lumped element 16 is arranged on the main board 103 and electrically connected between the pad and the ground (which can be a ground layer on the main board 103).

[0090] The values of the second lumped elements 16 connected by different antenna units 10A are different. Specifically, the positions of different antenna units 10A are different, and the electromagnetic field environments of the antenna units 10A are different. Since the structures of the antenna units 10A are the same, the decoupling effects of the antenna units 10A with the same structure in different positions will be different. In order to ensure that the radiation efficiency of the first main antenna 10A1 in the plurality of antenna units 10A reaches the optimum, the second lumped element 16 can be adjusted. It can be understood that the second lumped element 16 is adjusted to compensate for the difference in antenna radiation efficiency caused by environmental factors, realize the normalization design of the antenna module, and ensure the radiation efficiency of all antennas (the first main antenna 10A1).

[0091] Similarly, the second decoupling structure 14 can also be connected with a lumped element, which is designed in the same way as the second lumped element 16 shown in Figure 12 The lumped element is connected in series between the second decoupling structure 14 and the ground for adjusting the resonant frequency of the second decoupling structure 14 to compensate the influence of the resonant frequency of the second decoupling structure 14 caused by different electromagnetic field environments.

[0092] Referring to Figure 13 , Figure 13The exploded view of the antenna module is shown in FIG. 1. Each of the antenna units 10A further includes a second main antenna 10A2, the radiator of which is located on the side of the first main antenna 10A1 away from the floor 1001, and the operating frequency of the second main antenna 10A2 is a second frequency, which is higher than the first frequency. The first main antenna 10A1 is a 2.4G antenna, and the second main antenna 10A2 is a 5G antenna. The radiator of the second main antenna 10A2 is arranged on the third circuit board 153, which is mounted on the top of the first circuit board 151 and the second circuit board 152. That is, in this embodiment, the support 15 of the antenna unit 10A includes the first circuit board 151, the second circuit board 152, and the third circuit board 153. The feeding structure of the second main antenna 10A2 can be arranged on the first circuit board 151 or the second circuit board 152. In a specific embodiment, the feeding structure of the second main antenna 10A2 can be arranged on the same circuit board as the first main antenna 10A1. The second main antenna 10A2 is fed by the radio frequency chip arranged on the main board 103. The radio frequency chip corresponding to the second main antenna 10A2 can be a 5G radio frequency chip, and the radio frequency chip corresponding to the first main antenna 10A1 can be a 2G radio frequency chip.

[0093] Referring to Figure 14 , Figure 14 the embodiment is an extension based on the embodiment of Figure 7 . On the basis of the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12, the antenna module 10 further includes a third antenna 17 and a fourth antenna 18, the radiator of the third antenna 17 is located on the side of the first antenna 11 away from the floor 1001, the radiator of the fourth antenna 18 is located on the side of the second antenna 12 away from the floor 1001, the operating frequency of the third antenna 17 and the fourth antenna 18 is a second frequency, which is higher than the first frequency. For example, the first antenna 11 and the second antenna 12 are 2.4G antennas, and the third antenna 17 and the fourth antenna 18 are 5G antennas. The present application integrates the first antenna and the third antenna on one antenna support, and arranges the second antenna and the fourth antenna on one antenna support, which is beneficial to saving the board area of the antenna module on the main board, providing a small-sized antenna module, and is also beneficial to the small-sized design of the communication device. The present application arranges 2.4G antennas by borrowing the arrangement space of 5G antennas, and further realizes the improvement of the isolation degree of the 2.4G antennas through the first decoupling structure and the second decoupling structure while ensuring the efficiency of the 2.4G antennas. Therefore, the first antenna and the second antenna provided by the present application do not additionally occupy the area of the main board, and the radiation performance thereof can also be ensured.

[0094] In a specific embodiment, the feeding structure of the third antenna 17 and the first antenna 11 are arranged on the same circuit board, and the feeding structure of the fourth antenna 18 and the second antenna 12 are arranged on the same circuit board.

[0095] The electric size of the first decoupling unit 13 of the antenna module 10 provided in the application can be less than 0.04λ*0.05λ*0.1λ. λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the first frequency. The Dk value of the circuit board for carrying the antenna module 10 can be 4.2. The loss requirement of the material of the circuit board for carrying the antenna module 10 is not high in the application, df≤0.008, and low cost can be achieved.

[0096] Dk is the abbreviation of Dielectric constant, which is also called dielectric constant, dielectric constant or dielectric coefficient. It is a coefficient representing the insulation ability characteristic, represented by the letter ε. In engineering applications, the dielectric constant is often expressed in the form of relative dielectric constant rather than absolute value. Common applications include calculating impedance and time delay.

[0097] Df is the abbreviation of Dissipation factor, which is also called dielectric loss factor, damping factor, internal dissipation or loss tangent. It is the tangent of the phase difference angle between strain and stress cycles under the action of alternating force field, and also equal to the ratio of loss modulus to storage modulus of the material (in simple terms, it is the ratio of the energy lost in the insulating plate to the energy still existing in the line).

[0098] An antenna module in the prior art places the decoupling unit between two 2.4G antennas to be decoupled according to a height of 0.1λ. The isolation can meet the requirements, but both antennas will have a radiation efficiency pit, that is, the decoupling structure absorbs part of the electromagnetic energy. Referring to the antenna efficiency curve shown in Figure 15 , Figure 15 It can be seen that there is a significant radiation efficiency pit between 2.35G-2.4G for both antennas.

[0099] Referring to the curve shown in Figure 16 , Figure 16 The curve represents the matching condition of the four 2.4G antennas in the antenna module 10 provided in the application. Figure 16 It can be seen that the matching condition of each working antenna meets the industry standard requirements, for example, all less than -10db. It can be understood that most of the electromagnetic wave energy enters the antenna, and only a small part of the electromagnetic wave is reflected outside the antenna. Therefore, while the isolation of the antenna module provided in the application is improved, the matching of the antenna can also be guaranteed, that is, the efficiency of the antenna remains in a good state.

[0100] Referring to Figure 17 , Figure 17 The curve chart shown represents the isolation of the four 2.4G antennas of the antenna module 10 provided by the present application. Figure 17 It can be seen that the isolation of the 2.4G antennas is improved from 12dB to 18dB at a 0.36λ spacing.

[0101] Referring to Figure 18 , Figure 18 The curve chart shown represents the radiation efficiency of the four 2.4G antennas of the antenna module 10 provided by the present application. Figure 18 It can be seen that the radiation efficiency of the 2.4G antennas does not appear to have a dip, and the simulated radiation efficiency is higher than 90% in the 2.4-2.5GHz operating frequency band.

[0102] In the antenna module 10, the first decoupling structure and the second decoupling structure will couple to electromagnetic wave energy during operation, and the first decoupling structure and the second decoupling structure will also radiate electromagnetic waves. The electromagnetic waves radiated by the first decoupling structure and the second decoupling structure superimpose with the electric field of the working antenna. The electromagnetic waves radiated by the first decoupling structure and the second decoupling structure will affect the directional diagram of the working antenna. The uniformity of the radiated electric field in a certain cross section can be expressed by the roundness. The antenna module provided by the present application can improve the roundness while solving the isolation problem. The improvement of the roundness can make the radiation energy of the working antenna in each direction balanced.

[0103] By limiting the profile height of the first decoupling structure to be between 0.04 wavelengths and 0.16 wavelengths, the distance between the first decoupling structure and the first antenna to be between 0.1 wavelengths and 0.45 wavelengths, and the distance between the first decoupling structure and the second antenna to be between 0.1 wavelengths and 0.45 wavelengths, the present application can improve the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna while reducing the impact on the radiation efficiency of the first antenna and the second antenna in a limited space, so that the simulation diagram of the radiation efficiency of the first antenna and the second antenna does not have a significant dip.

[0104] Specific effects refer to Figure 19 , Figure 20 , Figure 21 and Figure 22 It can be seen that the specific isolation and radiation efficiency of the four specific size antennas are within a suitable range. In the four curve charts, the curve dB(S(2,2)) represents the return curve of the first antenna, the curve dB(S(3,3)) represents the return curve of the second antenna, the curve dB(S(2,3)) represents the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna with the first decoupling structure, and the curve S23 represents the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna without the first decoupling structure.

[0105] Figure 19 The specific size of the antenna module shown is set as follows: profile height of the first decoupling structure = 0.04 wavelength (5 mm), distance between the first decoupling structure and the first antenna = 0.1 wavelength (12.2 mm), distance between the first decoupling structure and the second antenna = 0.1 wavelength (12.2 mm).

[0106] Figure 20 The specific size of the antenna module shown is set as follows: profile height of the first decoupling structure = 0.16 wavelength (19.6 mm), distance between the first decoupling structure and the first antenna = 0.1 wavelength (12.2 mm), distance between the first decoupling structure and the second antenna = 0.1 wavelength (12.2 mm).

[0107] Figure 21 The specific size of the antenna module shown is set as follows: profile height of the first decoupling structure = 0.04 wavelength (5 mm), distance between the first decoupling structure and the first antenna = 0.45 wavelength (55 mm), distance between the first decoupling structure and the second antenna = 0.45 wavelength (55 mm).

[0108] Figure 22 The specific size of the antenna module shown is set as follows: profile height of the first decoupling structure = 0.16 wavelength (19.6 mm), distance between the first decoupling structure and the first antenna = 0.45 wavelength (55 mm), distance between the first decoupling structure and the second antenna = 0.45 wavelength (55 mm).

[0109] Figure 19 、 Figure 20 、 Figure 21 and Figure 22 It can be seen that the present application can improve the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna by setting the first decoupling structure, and can ensure the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0110] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not limiting; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna module, characterized in that, include: The direction perpendicular to the floor is the first direction; A first antenna, a second antenna, a first decoupling structure, and a second decoupling structure are disposed on one side of the floor in the first direction. The operating frequencies of the first antenna and the second antenna are both the first frequency. The resonant frequency of the first decoupling structure is the first frequency. The resonant frequency of the second decoupling structure is greater than or less than the first frequency. Both the first decoupling structure and the second decoupling structure are used to reduce the amount of coupling between the first antenna and the second antenna. In the first direction, the maximum distance between the first decoupling structure and the floor is the cross-sectional height of the first decoupling structure, the cross-sectional height of the first decoupling structure is between 0.04 wavelength and 0.16 wavelength, the distance between the first decoupling structure and the first antenna is the first distance, the distance between the first decoupling structure and the second antenna is the second distance, and both the first distance and the second distance are between 0.1 wavelength and 0.45 wavelength.

2. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the first antenna and the second antenna is between 0.2 wavelengths and 0.8 wavelengths.

3. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first decoupling structure includes a ground terminal, a first stub, and a second stub. The first stub is connected between the second stub and the ground terminal. The extension direction of the first stub is the first direction. The extension directions of the second stub and the first stub are different. The electrical length between the ground terminal and the end of the second stub away from the first stub is 0.25 wavelengths.

4. The antenna module according to claim 3, characterized in that, A first lumped unit is provided between the grounding terminal and the first branch, and the first lumped unit is an inductor, and / or capacitor, and / or resistor.

5. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frequency difference between the resonant frequency of the second decoupling structure and the first frequency is between 0.03 GHz and 0.33 GHz.

6. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The antenna module further includes a third antenna and a fourth antenna. The radiator of the third antenna is located on the side of the first antenna away from the floor, and the radiator of the fourth antenna is located on the side of the second antenna away from the floor. The operating frequency of the third antenna and the fourth antenna is a second frequency, which is higher than the first frequency.

7. The antenna module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The feeding structure of the third antenna and the first antenna are mounted on the same circuit board, and the feeding structure of the fourth antenna and the second antenna are mounted on the same circuit board.

8. An antenna module, characterized in that, The system includes a floor and at least two adjacent antenna units located on the same side of the floor. Each antenna unit has an identical architecture. Each antenna unit includes a first main antenna, a first decoupling structure, and a second decoupling structure. The first main antenna operates at a first frequency, the resonant frequency of the first decoupling structure is the first frequency, and the resonant frequency of the second decoupling structure is either greater than or less than the first frequency. Both the first and second decoupling structures are used to reduce the coupling between the first main antenna and the first main antenna of the adjacent antenna unit. In a direction perpendicular to the floor, the maximum distance between the first decoupling structure and the floor is the cross-sectional height of the first decoupling structure, which ranges from 0.04 wavelengths to 0.16 wavelengths. The distance between the first decoupling structure and the first main antenna is a first distance, and the distance between the first decoupling structure and the first main antenna of the adjacent antenna unit is a second distance. Both the first and second distances are between 0.1 wavelengths and 0.45 wavelengths.

9. The antenna module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The distance between the first main antenna and the first main antenna of the adjacent antenna element is between 0.2 wavelengths and 0.8 wavelengths.

10. The antenna module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first decoupling structure includes a ground terminal, a first stub, and a second stub. The first stub is connected between the second stub and the ground terminal. The first stub extends in a first direction. The second stub extends in a different direction than the first stub. The electrical length between the ground terminal and the end of the second stub furthest from the first stub is 0.25 wavelengths.

11. The antenna module according to claim 10, characterized in that, A first lumped unit is provided between the grounding terminal and the first branch, and the first lumped unit is an inductor, and / or capacitor, and / or resistor.

12. The antenna module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first decoupling structure in each antenna element is connected to a second lumped unit, which is connected in series between the first decoupling structure and ground. The value of the second lumped unit connected to different antenna elements is different.

13. The antenna module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The frequency difference between the resonant frequency of the second decoupling structure and the first frequency is between 0.03 GHz and 0.33 GHz.

14. The antenna module according to any one of claims 8-13, characterized in that, Each of the antenna units further includes a second main antenna, the radiator of the second main antenna being located on the side of the first main antenna away from the floor, and the operating frequency of the second main antenna being a second frequency, which is higher than the first frequency.

15. The antenna module according to claim 14, characterized in that, The feeding structure of the second main antenna and the first main antenna are mounted on the same circuit board.

16. The antenna module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The antenna unit includes a first circuit board and a second circuit board arranged at intersections. The first main antenna and the first decoupling structure are disposed on the first circuit board, and the second decoupling structure is disposed on the second circuit board.

17. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a radio frequency chip and an antenna module as described in any one of claims 1-16, wherein the antenna module is electrically connected to the radio frequency chip.

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