A method for producing multi-child potato
By spraying or shaking the main buds of seed potatoes with alcohol, combined with appropriate fertilization and sowing time, the problem of low yield and quality of multi-seed small potatoes in existing technologies has been solved, and high-efficiency production of multi-seed small potatoes has been achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311215956.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-09-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2043-09-20
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies make it difficult to produce small, uniform, multi-seeded potatoes with a large number of tubers per plant. Varieties imported from the north have larger tubers and fewer tubers. Farmers' self-saved seeds have excessive sprouting problems, resulting in low yield and quality.
By spraying or shaking the main buds of seed potatoes with alcohol 2-4 times, combined with appropriate fertilization and sowing time, the growth of seed potatoes can be controlled, promoting the production of multi-seed small potatoes.
Effectively control the size and quantity of potato tubers, improve the quality and yield of small tubers, meet market demand, and enhance planting efficiency.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of potato cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for producing small potatoes with more tubers. BACKGROUND
[0002] Potato is an important food and vegetable crop, and its planting area is increasing year by year. In our province, the potato planting varieties include large potato varieties such as Xingjia No. 2 and Zhongshu No. 3 introduced from the north, and some local varieties. The source of seed potatoes each year can be divided into two categories: northward introduction and farmer self-saved seed, of which the farmer self-saved seed accounts for more than 80%.
[0003] In Jiangsu and Zhejiang, small potatoes of about 50g are very popular, and the market demand is large, especially in restaurants, supermarkets and the like, and the sales price is relatively high, and the planting benefit is good. However, the northward introduced varieties have large tubers and few tubers; the farmer self-saved seed is generally harvested in May and sown in spring of the next year, and there is a problem of excessive germination, resulting in uneven tuber formation and low yield and quality. Therefore, neither the northward introduced varieties nor the farmer self-saved seed can achieve the purpose of planting more tubers per plant, small and uniform tubers. SUMMARY
[0004] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a method for producing small potatoes with more tubers, which is treated after planting, and the output of small potatoes (about 50g) accounts for a high proportion.
[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the application, the present application provides the following technical scheme:
[0006] A method for producing small potatoes with more tubers, comprising the following steps: harvesting seed potatoes, waiting for the main bud of the seed potato to grow to 2-5cm, damaging the main bud, repeating 2-4 times, and sowing the seed potato at the sowing period; the damage method of the main bud is selected from one of 75% alcohol spraying treatment or shock treatment.
[0007] Preferably, the 75% alcohol spraying treatment is to lay the seed potatoes flat, spray 75% alcohol, and naturally dry; the shock treatment is to place the seed potatoes in a plastic basket and shake to damage the main bud.
[0008] Preferably, after the seed potatoes are harvested, they are placed in a cool and ventilated place and waited for bud germination.
[0009] Preferably, when the seed potatoes are sown, 10-40kg of 15-15-15 NPK compound fertilizer per mu is applied; more preferably, 400-600kg of organic fertilizer per mu is also applied.
[0010] Preferably, the seed potatoes are sown in open field in February or sown in small arched shed with film mulching in October; more preferably, the seed potatoes are sown with whole tubers.
[0011] Preferably, the seed tubers are harvested 50-80 days after sowing; more preferably, the single tuber weight of the harvested potato tubers is 20-100g.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
[0013] The present application provides a method for producing multi-tuber small potato, which can promote the growth of potato, effectively control the size and number of potato tubers, and improve the quality and yield of small potato tubers (20-100g) by treating the main bud of potato seed tubers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] The present application provides a method for producing multi-tuber small potato, which comprises the following steps: harvesting seed tubers, waiting for the main bud to grow to 2-5cm, and destroying the main bud for 2-4 times, and sowing the seed tubers at the sowing period.
[0015] The "75% alcohol spraying treatment" of the present application is to lay the seed tubers flat on the ground, and spray 75% alcohol on the surface of the seed tubers, and then dry naturally.
[0016] The "shaking treatment" of the present application is to place the seed tubers in a plastic basket, and further preferably place the seed tubers in a plastic basket with a thickness of 15cm, and shake the plastic basket up and down and left and right several times to destroy the growth of the main bud.
[0017] Preferably, after harvesting the seed tubers, the seed tubers are laid flat in a plastic basket and placed in a cool and ventilated place to wait for bud germination.
[0018] Preferably, the main bud is destroyed when it grows to 3-4cm, and further preferably, the destruction is repeated 3 times.
[0019] Preferably, when sowing the seed tubers, 10-40kg of 15-15-15 NPK compound fertilizer is applied per mu, and further preferably, 20-30kg of 15-15-15 NPK compound fertilizer is applied per mu; preferably, 400-600kg of organic fertilizer is also applied per mu, and further preferably, 500kg of organic fertilizer is applied per mu; more preferably, when fertilizing, the land is leveled and drainage is facilitated.
[0020] Preferably, the seed tubers are sown in the open field in February, or sown in a small arched shed with film mulching in October; further preferably, the seed tubers are sown by whole tuber sowing; more preferably, the seed tubers are sown when the weather is sunny and the soil is dry.
[0021] Preferably, the seed tubers are harvested 50-80 days after sowing, and further preferably, the seed tubers are harvested 60-70 days after sowing; more preferably, the single tuber weight of the harvested potato tubers is 20-100g.
[0022] The technical solutions provided by the present application will be described in detail below in combination with the embodiments, but they should not be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present application.
[0023] Example 1
[0024] A method for producing multi-child small potatoes, comprising the following steps:
[0025] After harvesting the seed potatoes in May, they are laid flat on the ground and placed in a cool and ventilated room to wait for bud germination; when the main bud of the seed potato grows to 2 cm, the main bud is destroyed by spraying 75% alcohol, and the process is repeated 4 times.
[0026] In October, the land is prepared, the land is required to be flat and the drainage is convenient, 500 kg of rotten farm organic fertilizer and 20 kg of 15-15-15 NPK compound fertilizer are applied per mu, and the potatoes are sown under the film and small arch shed; after 65 days, the small potatoes with a single potato weight of 20-100 g are collected.
[0027] Example 2
[0028] A method for producing multi-child small potatoes, comprising the following steps:
[0029] After harvesting the seed potatoes in May, they are laid flat on the ground and placed in a cool and ventilated room to wait for bud germination; when the main bud of the seed potato grows to 2 cm, the main bud is destroyed by spraying 75% alcohol, and the process is repeated 4 times.
[0030] In February of the next year, the land is prepared, the land is required to be flat and the drainage is convenient, 400 kg of rotten farm organic fertilizer and 40 kg of 15-15-15 NPK compound fertilizer are applied per mu, and the potatoes are sown in the open field; after 80 days, the small potatoes with a single potato weight of 20-100 g are collected.
[0031] Example 3
[0032] A method for producing multi-child small potatoes, comprising the following steps:
[0033] After harvesting the seed potatoes in May, they are laid flat in plastic baskets and placed in a cool and ventilated room to wait for bud germination; when the main bud of the seed potato grows to 5 cm, the main bud is destroyed by shock treatment, and the process is repeated 2 times.
[0034] In October, the land is prepared, the land is required to be flat and the drainage is convenient, 600 kg of rotten farm organic fertilizer and 10 kg of 15-15-15 NPK compound fertilizer are applied per mu, and the potatoes are sown under the film and small arch shed; after 50 days, the small potatoes with a single potato weight of 20-100 g are collected.
[0035] Example 4
[0036] (1) Test material
[0037] Yongma No. 1, which is derived from the self-preserved variety of Ningbo Agricultural Science Institute. The seed potatoes are sown with whole potatoes.
[0038] (2) Test design
[0039] After the seed potatoes are harvested, they are laid flat in plastic baskets and placed in a cool, well-ventilated room. After the seed potatoes have passed the dormancy period and the sprouts have grown to 2-3 cm, the main sprouts are treated in three ways to inhibit their growth and make the terminal buds atrophy. After a month, the same method is repeated for another treatment, and then sowing is carried out.
[0040] This test combines different treatment methods, different fertilization methods, and different harvesting times to conduct a three-factor four-level L 16 (3 4 ) orthogonal test, and the treatment combinations are shown in Table 1. Each treatment is repeated 3 times, and each plot is planted in a single row with an area of 1.2m x 3m, with 20 plants per plot. Apply 500kg of decomposed farm organic fertilizer per mu, and 10-40kg of 15-15-15 NPK compound fertilizer.
[0041] The test is arranged in the Yongxing Test Base of Ningbo Agricultural Science Institute, and sowing is carried out on October 1, 2020. After mulching, a small arched shed is added, and harvesting is carried out from November 20 to January 1.
[0042] Table 1 Factors and levels of each treatment for producing many children's potato
[0043]
[0044] (3) Field investigation
[0045] The potato seedlings are uniform after 20 days of sowing, and the number of main stems and plant growth under different treatments are investigated. After 50 days, harvesting is carried out every 10 days, with 5 plants per plot in each period, and the quality and number of single plants are investigated, with 20-50g, 50-100g, 100-250g and more than 250g as the grading quality and number. The 100g below is small potatoes.
[0046] (4) Test results
[0047] According to Table 2, by damaging the main sprouts, the growth of the main stems after sowing can be promoted, and the number of main stems can be increased, laying the foundation for the production of many children's potato; with the increase of fertilizer amount, it will have a certain negative impact on the growth of potato leaves, and yellowing phenomenon will occur.
[0048] Table 2 Effect of different treatments on potato plant growth
[0049]
[0050]
[0051] According to Table 3, it can be seen that the whole main bud removal treatment can increase the number of small potatoes compared with no treatment, but the effect is not obvious, the yield of small potatoes is low, and the labor cost is high. The 75% alcohol spraying treatment or the shock treatment to destroy the main bud is more conducive to the increase of the number and yield of small potatoes, has high efficiency, and the shock treatment has the best effect. The early harvest time leads to low potato tuber yield, and the late harvest time leads to the growth of part of the small potatoes into large potatoes. It is best to harvest at 60-70 days after sowing.
[0052] Table 3 Effect of different treatments on potato tuber size and yield
[0053]
[0054]
[0055] Example 5
[0056] On the basis of Example 4, the main bud is destroyed by the shock treatment, and the effect of different times (no treatment, 1 time, 2 times, 3 times, 4 times) on the growth of potato and the yield of small potatoes is studied.
[0057] The field investigation is the same as Example 4.
[0058] Test results:
[0059] According to Table 4 and Table 5, it can be seen that the number of times of main bud destruction is different, and the effect on the growth of potato plants, the size and yield of tubers is also different. The number of small potatoes and the yield are the highest when the main bud is repeatedly destroyed 3 times.
[0060] Table 4 Effect of the number of times of main bud destruction on the growth of potato plants
[0061]
[0062]
[0063] Table 5 Effect of the number of times of main bud destruction on the size and yield of potato tubers
[0064]
[0065] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should be considered as the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A method of producing multi-child potato plants, characterized by, It comprises the following steps: Harvesting seed potatoes, waiting for the main bud of seed potatoes to grow to 2-5 cm, destroying the main bud, repeating 3 times, and sowing seed potatoes at the sowing period; the destruction method of the main bud is selected from one of 75% alcohol spraying treatment or shock treatment; When sowing the seed potatoes, 10-40 kg of 15-15-15 NPK compound fertilizer per mu is applied; The seed potatoes are harvested 50-80 days after sowing.
2. The method of producing multi-child potato according to claim 1, characterized in that, The 75% alcohol spraying treatment is to lay the seed potatoes flat, spray 75% alcohol, and dry naturally; the shock treatment is to place the seed potatoes in a plastic basket and shake to destroy the main bud.
3. The method of producing multi-child potato according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the seed potatoes are harvested, they are placed in a cool and ventilated place and wait for the buds to germinate.
4. The method of producing multi-child potato according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also comprises applying 400-600 kg of organic fertilizer per mu.
5. The method of producing multi-child potato according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seed potatoes are sown in the open field in February or sown in a small arched shed with film mulching in October.
6. The method of producing multi-child potato according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The seed potatoes are sown whole.
7. The method of producing multi-child potato according to claim 1, characterized in that, When harvesting, small potato tubers with a single tuber weight of 20-100 g are collected.