A cultivation method for promoting high growth of peony and regulating flowering period

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of cultivation method for promoting high growth of peony and regulating flowering, belong to peony cultivation technical field.High peony plant has higher ornamental value and economic value, the present application provides a kind of method for accelerating the high growth of peony main branch, the method is when peony tender bud germination in spring, by pruning to flower bud and tender leaf, cooperate with the reagent for inducing bud formation, growth, can significantly improve the plant height of Zhongyuan peony in short time, annual increment is 2-3 times of traditional cultivation mode.The above-mentioned cultivation method can also be applied to the regulation of peony flowering, has the effect of delaying peony flowering, prolongs the flowering period of peony.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of peony cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivation method for promoting high growth of peony and regulating flowering period. BACKGROUND

[0002] The information disclosed in this BACKGROUND section is only for the purpose of increasing the understanding of the general background of the present application and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms prior art with respect to any country.

[0003] Peony is a deciduous shrub belonging to Paeonia Linn of Paeoniaceae, with a large number of varieties, rich flower colors, various flower types and a long cultivation history. According to the differences in cultivation areas and wild original species, peony can be divided into four peony variety groups, i.e. Central Plains variety group, Northwest variety group, Jiangnan variety group and Southwest variety group. Among them, the Central Plains peony variety group is the most famous, and the peony in Luoyang and Heze both belong to the Central Plains peony variety group. Common peony varieties in the Central Plains grow slowly, and there is a saying that they grow one foot but shrink eight inches. The reason is that the upper part of the current-year branches of peony is not fully lignified, and the peony has poor cold resistance and dies in winter. The growth characteristics of peony, i.e. the current-year branches are short and the upper 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the branches die, determine that high peony is extremely rare. Limited by the growth characteristics of the Central Plains peony and the climate and environment characteristics, the peony in the Central Plains is mostly low shrubs, and the cultivation and application form is single, and the cultivation and application of high peony are less. Therefore, it has broad market prospects to cultivate high peony in the Central Plains. SUMMARY

[0004] Compared with low shrubs, it takes decades or even hundreds of years to cultivate high peony. The present application can cultivate high peony in the Central Plains in a few years by directional induction and fine cultivation and management measures, and shorten the cultivation time. For flower farmers, the height of peony seedlings is directly related to the price of the peony seedlings, and the present application can cultivate high peony seedlings in a short time and quickly obtain economic benefits. In addition, the present application has the effect of delaying the flowering period for some varieties, which is of great significance to improving the ornamental value and economic value of peony.

[0005] Therefore, the main purpose of the present application is to provide a method for promoting the growth of main branches of peony. Based on this purpose, the present application has carried out research and found that at the bud breaking stage (specifically after the bud scales of peony break in spring and before the leaves unfold), the height of peony can be significantly increased by pruning the flower buds and tender leaves and applying reagents for inducing bud formation and growth. The annual growth amount is 2-3 times that of the traditional cultivation method, the leaf area is increased at the same time, the photosynthesis of the plant is promoted, and the cultivation process of high peony is effectively accelerated.

[0006] Based on the above technical effects, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, a cultivation method for promoting high growth of peony is provided, which comprises the following steps:

[0008] (1) Pruning: after the bud scales of peony are opened in spring and before the leaves are unfolded, all flower buds and tender leaves of the clustered branches are removed, and only new branches and petioles are reserved;

[0009] (2) Growth regulator adjustment: after pruning, cytokinin is regularly sprayed, and gibberellin (GA3) is applied after the axillary buds in the petiole are germinated and grown out;

[0010] (3) Bud removal: after 25-35 days, 1-2 healthy buds are reserved, and the remaining buds are removed to grow into branches; then, periodical maintenance is performed.

[0011] It has been verified that the method can significantly increase the height of peony and the area of leaves, and a high and large peony is obtained. It is known in the art that leaves realize the accumulation of plant nutrients through photosynthesis, and the effect of increasing the size of leaves helps to increase the biomass content in peony plants. It has been investigated that the pruning step of flower buds and tender leaves in step (1) is of great significance to the cultivation effect, and further, the timing of pruning has a significant influence on the height of peony. After the leaves are unfolded, although the area of leaves can be increased by using the above cultivation method, the effect of increasing the height is not significant, and it is not easy to operate if pruning is performed too early.

[0012] After the above pruning is completed, it is also necessary to adjust by applying plant growth regulators. The specific types of plant growth regulators mainly affect the area of leaves and the height of plants. The plant growth regulators involved in step (2) include cytokinin applied after pruning and gibberellin applied after the axillary buds in the petiole are germinated and grown out after pruning. For the specific type of cytokinin, the present application comprehensively considers the use effect, popularity, economy, etc., and selects 6-BA. The suitable application concentration is 80-120 mg / L, and the suitable application time is within 8-12 days after pruning, and the spraying is performed every other day.

[0013] In addition, in the step (2), the purpose of applying the cytokinin is mainly to promote the differentiation and development of lateral buds, and the purpose of applying GA3 is mainly to promote the high growth of newly germinated buds, and the preferred application time is after the axillary bud in the petiole is formed, and the preferred application concentration is 80-120 mg / L, and further, the application concentration is 90 mg / L or 100 mg / L, and the application frequency is once a week. In the conventional care process of peony, the plant growth regulator is not treated in March-April, and it is found in the research of the present application that the improvement effect of the plant height is not obvious by simply using the growth regulator, and the plant height of peony can be effectively stimulated to grow by using the pruning method and then applying the plant growth regulator.

[0014] In the step (3), the operation of removing the buds should be performed after the axillary bud is germinated, 1-2 strong buds are selected on each branch, and the other buds are removed.

[0015] After the bud removal operation, the peony needs to be maintained regularly, including soil loosening, regular fertilization and wintering fertilization.

[0016] The frequency of soil loosening is 14-16 days / time, and the weeds can be removed at the same time.

[0017] The regular fertilization is performed once a week, and cake fertilizer water and potassium fertilizer are applied, the cake fertilizer water can be prepared by the general method in the art, and is generally bean cake or peanut cake; the potassium fertilizer is preferably potassium fulvate, and the concentration is 0.1-0.3%, the cake fertilizer water and potassium fulvate are irrigated once a week, and after the leaves are germinated, the compound potassium fertilizer such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate is applied to the front and back of the leaves until the current year's branches and leaves stop growing, and the application concentration of the compound potassium fertilizer is 0.2-0.4%.

[0018] The timing of the wintering fertilization is before the soil is frozen, and the fully decomposed sheep manure and wood chips are applied to each peony, and the application amount is 0.4-0.6 kg.

[0019] The cultivation method is applied to 'Fengdan', 'Gongmeiaozhuang' and 'New Century' and other peony varieties, and most of the peony varieties can exhibit the effect of significant growth of plant height. In addition, it is found that the flower period of some varieties such as 'Moenrenie' and 'Huangguan' can be delayed for 5-7 weeks by using the cultivation method, and the spectacle of peony after the failure of paeonia suffruticosa is formed.

[0020] Therefore, the second aspect of the present application provides a cultivation method for regulating the flower period of peony, which comprises: cultivating the peony of 'Moenrenie' and 'Huangguan' varieties by the method of the first aspect.

[0021] In the above cultivation method, through verification of the present application, the flower forming rate of 'Moruinjuelun', 'Huangguan' and other varieties after adopting the above cultivation method is basically maintained at 80% and above.

[0022] The above one or more technical solutions have the beneficial effects that:

[0023] 1. The peony plants cultivated by the above method can realize significant height increase in one year, and different varieties of peonies can exhibit high growth traits after adopting the cultivation method of the present application; continuous use of the method for many years can quickly cultivate large peonies, effectively accelerating the cultivation process of high peonies, and has significant economic benefits for flower farmers.

[0024] 2. By adopting the above cultivation method, 'Moruinjuelun' and 'Huangguan' can bloom in the same year, and exhibit the trait of delayed flowering, which effectively prolongs the ornamental period of peony and safflower special gardens and other places, and helps to improve economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] The drawings accompanying the specification of the present application form part of the present application and serve to provide further understanding of the present application, and the illustrative embodiments of the present application and their description serve to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application.

[0026] Figure 1 The growth effect of 'Gongmeiyaocuang' described in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 2 The state before the leaf blades are unfolded in the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 The state after the leaf blades are unfolded in Comparative Example 1;

[0029] Figure 4 The effect of new shoots sprouting from leaf axils after pruning;

[0030] Figure 5 The effect of 'Moruinjuelun' (left) and 'Huangguan' (right) described in Example 2 blooming in the same year;

[0031] Figure 6 The comparison effect of peony leaf blades described in Example 1;

[0032] Among them, Figure 6 A is the comparison of peony leaf blades between the experimental group and the control group;

[0033] Figure 6 B is the comparison of peony leaf blades between the experimental group and the auxin treatment group;

[0034] Figure 6 C is the comparison of peony leaf blades between the experimental group and the growth promoter treatment group;

[0035] Figure 7 Growth status of 'Fengdan' peony in September was investigated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative only and is intended to provide further description of the application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

[0037] It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0038] In order to enable persons skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solutions of the present application, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0039] Example 1: High growth cultivation effect

[0040] Seedling: 6-year-old clump peony

[0041] Experimental group: In early March, after the peony buds germinated and the bud scales opened, the newly grown branches were pruned to remove the flower buds and tender leaves on each clump branch, and the branches and petioles were retained. 100 mg / L 6-BA was sprayed every other day for 10 days after pruning; about 20-30 days after pruning, the axillary buds in the petioles were used as a reference, and then 100 mg / L GA3 was sprayed once a week for 3 consecutive weeks. After about 25-35 days, when the axillary buds in the petioles were fully developed, 1-2 healthy buds were retained to grow into branches according to the overall branch condition, and the remaining buds were removed. After treatment, the soil was weeded and loosened once every half month, and cake fertilizer water and 0.2% potassium fulvic acid were irrigated once a week. After the leaves emerged, the front and back of the leaves were sprayed with 0.3% dihydrogen potassium phosphate, and the current-year branches and leaves stopped growing. Before wintering, each plant was dug and 0.5 kg of fully decomposed sheep manure and sawdust was applied.

[0042] Control group: The difference from the above experimental group is that the flower buds and tender leaves are not pruned, and no plant growth regulator is used, and the rest of the treatment methods are the same.

[0043] The current-year branches of the peony seedlings in the above experimental group and control group were measured when the branches stopped elongating in the fall, and the measurement method was as follows:

[0044] In the test field and the control field, three peonies were randomly selected per mu, and the length of each branch of each peony was counted, and the average value was taken. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0045] Table 1

[0046] Variety Experimental group (cm) Control group (cm) 'New Century' 41 18 'Palace Beauty' 52 23 'Phoenix' 87 40

[0047] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, compared with the data of the control group, the operation of the present application can effectively promote the growth of branch length.

[0048] Table 2

[0049]

[0050] One of the 'New Century' peonies was treated with the present technology for two consecutive years in 2021 and 2022. The one-year-old branch length was 41 cm in September 2021, and the control group was 18 cm. The one-year-old branch length was 40 cm in 2022, and the control group was 17 cm. The stem diameter of the experimental group and the control group in 2021 and 2022 was 1.4-1.5 cm, and the difference was not obvious. The above results show that the present technology can be operated continuously for many years, and the branch elongation effect is significantly higher than that of the control group, and does not affect the stem thickening. It shows that the cultivation method provided by the present application can be continuously applied to the cultivation of peonies, and does not affect the normal growth of peony branches.

[0051] Figure 1 For 'Gongmeiaozhuang', in early March 2022, No. 1 branch was treated with the present technology according to the method described in the above embodiment, and the other branches were not treated. The position indicated by the arrow of No. 1 branch is the height of the branch in early 2022, which grew to the height shown in the figure after one year; the position indicated by the arrow of No. 2 branch is the height of the branch in early 2022, which grew to the height shown in the figure after one year. From Figure 1 It can be seen from the above that the growth height of No. 1 branch treated with the present technology is significantly higher than that of No. 2 branch.

[0052] Figure 7 For the growth of the above-mentioned 'Fengdan', the one-year-old branch length of 'Fengdan' peony plant was investigated in September, and it was found that it was composed of two parts (i.e. parts 1 and 2 in the figure). Upper: one-year-old branch length after pruning; lower: about 10 cm branch grown before pruning.

[0053] In addition, the present embodiment also investigates the types of plant growth regulators applied after pruning, and the investigation method is as follows:

[0054] Spray indole acetic acid, cell division element (6-BA, i.e. experimental group), growth promoter (brassinolide) at 100 mg / L at 10 days after pruning, spray every other day; after 20-30 days after pruning, when the lateral buds in the petiole sprout, spray 100 mg / L GA3 once a week for 3 times, the concentration is 100 mg / L.

[0055] The results show that: under the premise of the same pruning method, the selection of plant growth regulator has an effect on the leaf area of peony, timely application of cell division element after pruning can effectively increase the leaf area. Figure 6 The contrast chart of leaf expansion effect is shown in Figure 6 The large leaf indicated by the arrow in A is the peony leaf treated by cell division element (6-BA), and the surrounding part of the leaf is the peony leaf of the control group; Figure 6 B is the leaf of peony of the experimental group (left) and the auxin group (right), Figure 6 C is the leaf of peony of the experimental group (left) and the growth promoter group (right), it can be seen from the comparison that the leaf of peony treated by cell division element is significantly larger than that of the control group, larger than that treated by auxin and growth promoter.

[0056] Comparative example 1

[0057] In this embodiment, 'Gongmeiaozhuang' is taken as the pruning object, and the seedling state at pruning is shown in Figure 3 The leaf and bud of 'Gongmeiaozhuang' are removed after leaf expansion, and the rest of the operation is the same as the corresponding treatment of the experimental group in embodiment 1. The newly grown leaves of peony seedlings treated in this way are large, but the current year branch length is 32 cm, and the growth height is obviously insufficient compared with the experimental group in embodiment 1. Comparing the results, it is shown that the pruning time of the cultivation method of the present application is very important, and pruning at the right time has a significant promoting effect on the growth of peony.

[0058] Effect of embodiment 2 on flower period regulation

[0059] The treatment method is the same as that of the experimental group and the control group in embodiment 1, and some peony varieties treated in the above-mentioned way show the effect of delayed flowering, the flowering rate investigation time is the flowering period, the flowering rate = the number of flowering / the number of flower buds, the one-year-old branch length investigation time is when the bud sprouts in March of the second year, and the cultivation effect is shown in table 3:

[0060] Table 3

[0061]

[0062] The flowering effect of the above-mentioned 'Moenrenzulen' and 'Huangguan' varieties is shown in Figure 5As shown in the drawings, the left drawing is 'Moen abscondite', with a plant height of 145 cm, and the right drawing is 'Huangguan', with a plant height of 130 cm. It can be seen that the peony plants after pruning by the method have a large plant height and a good flowering state, and the flowers are full. It is proved that the cultivation method not only promotes the height growth, but also realizes the delayed flowering of some varieties.

[0063] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A cultivation method for promoting high growth of peony, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: (1) pruning: after the bud scales of peony sprout in spring and before the leaves unfold, remove all flower buds and tender leaves of the clustered branches, and only keep the new branches and petioles; (2) growth regulator adjustment: regularly spray growth regulator after pruning, and apply gibberellin after the axillary buds in the petioles germinate and grow out; In step (2), the growth regulator is 6-BA, the application concentration is 80-120 mg / L, the application time is within 8-12 days after the pruning is completed, and the application is performed every other day; (3) bud removal: after 25-35 days, after the axillary buds in the petioles germinate and grow out, keep 1-2 strong buds and remove the redundant buds to cultivate branches; then, perform periodical maintenance; The periodical maintenance comprises soil loosening, regular fertilization and wintering fertilization; The frequency of the soil loosening is 14-16 times per day, and the weeds are removed at the same time; The regular fertilization is performed per week, cake fertilizer water and potassium fertilizer are applied, the potassium fertilizer is potassium fulvate with a concentration of 0.1-0.3%, cake fertilizer water and potassium fulvate are irrigated once per week, after the leaves germinate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is also applied to the front and back of the leaves until the current-year branches and leaves no longer grow, and the application concentration is 0.2-0.4%; The timing of the wintering fertilization is before the soil freezes, and fully decomposed sheep manure and wood chips are applied to each peony by hole digging, and the application amount is 0.4-0.6 kg.

2. The cultivation method for promoting high growth of Paeonia suffruticosa according to claim 1, wherein In step (2), the application concentration of the gibberellin is 80-120 mg / L, and the application frequency is once per week.

3. The cultivation method for promoting high growth of Paeonia suffruticosa according to claim 2, wherein The application concentration of the gibberellin is 90 mg / L or 100 mg / L.

4. The cultivation method for promoting high growth of Paeonia suffruticosa according to claim 1, wherein The peony variety is 'Fengdan', 'Gongmeiaozhuang' or 'Xinshiji'.

5. A cultivation method for regulating the flowering of Paeonia, characterized by, The cultivation method comprises: the peony of the 'Morumulun' and 'Huangguan' varieties is cultivated by the method in any one of claims 1-3.

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