Hard rock rotary excavating grading reaming hole deviation correction method using a multi-cone assembly drill string
By using a multi-rotor drum drilling method to correct deviations, the problem of correcting residual skewed rock mass at the bottom of the pile hole during rotary drilling and staged enlargement of hard rock was solved, achieving fast, accurate correction and repair while reducing costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHENZHEN GONGKAN GEOTECHN GRP
- Filing Date
- 2023-08-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-03
Smart Images
Figure CN117166930B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention patent relates to the technical field of rotary drilling in hard rock, and more specifically, to a method for correcting deviations in rotary drilling in hard rock using a multi-cone set for staged enlargement drilling. Background Technology
[0002] When encountering a moderately weathered hard rock bearing layer during the drilling process of large-diameter rotary bored piles, a staged enlargement drilling process is usually adopted. This involves drilling from the center of the pile location with a small-diameter rotary drill until the bottom of the pile hole reaches the design elevation, and then gradually enlarging the diameter of the pile hole until the design pile diameter is reached.
[0003] However, when the weathered rock strata are broken or have developed fissures, or when there is an inclined rock surface, it is difficult to control the verticality of the pile hole during the staged expansion drilling process. When the expanded hole enters the rock, it is easy for the hole to deviate, and it is difficult to correct the deviation at the bottom of the subsequent pile hole.
[0004] For example, during actual construction, the foundation piles were designed with a maximum diameter of Φ2500mm and an average hole depth of 55m. A Bauer BG46 rotary drilling rig was used for drilling. The drilling was carried out in three stages using 1600mm, 2000mm, and 2500mm diameter core drills, penetrating 5m into moderately weathered rock to a depth of 58.6m. After the reaming was completed, when cleaning the bottom with a Φ2500mm cutting drill bit, it was found that the drill bit got stuck at a depth of 57.5m and could not be lowered to the bottom, initially indicating a deviation from the borehole bottom. On-site inspection of the bottom of the pile hole was conducted section by section using a small-diameter cutting drill bit and a measuring rope. A crescent-shaped rock mass, 30cm wide and 1.1m high, was found on the inner side of the bottom. The analysis indicated that the deviation occurred mainly during the first and second stages of reaming, while the third stage, with the same designed pile diameter, was effectively supported by the borehole wall and did not deviate, resulting in the remaining rock column at the bottom of the hole.
[0005] In existing technologies, the treatment of residual skewed rock mass at the bottom of pile holes usually involves using a cutting drill bit with the same diameter as the pile to slowly sweep the hole for correction. During correction, the cutting teeth of the drill bit are easily damaged due to the uneven distribution of hard rock mass at the bottom of the hole. This requires repeated replacement of the cutting teeth and tooth base, resulting in difficulty in correcting the deviation inside the hole, long repair time, low treatment efficiency, and increased construction costs. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for correcting deviations in rotary drilling with multi-rotor tubular drill pipes during graded enlargement of hard rock, aiming to solve the problem of excessive difficulty in correcting deviations when residual skewed rock mass remains at the bottom of the pile hole in the existing technology.
[0007] This invention is implemented as follows: a method for correcting deviation in rotary drilling with multi-cone tubular casing during staged enlargement in hard rock, comprising the following construction steps:
[0008] 1) Multiple borehole drills are used to drill in stages at the pile location to form pile holes with the bottom embedded in hard rock, and the pile holes are equipped with protective casings;
[0009] 2) Divide the casing into evenly numbered segments along its circumference to form multiple sequentially arranged circular segments, with the numbers increasing from small to large;
[0010] 3) Using a cutting tooth slag removal drill bit, probe multiple circumferential sections sequentially along the inner wall of the casing; during the probing process, the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit is lowered to the bottom of the pile hole and rotates sequentially along multiple circumferential sections without advancing a depth to determine the planar position of the obstacle; after determining the planar position of the obstacle, the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit is drilled from top to bottom through the pile hole until the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit abuts against the obstacle from top to bottom to determine the vertical position of the obstacle;
[0011] 4) Multiple sets of toothed cones are arranged on the inner side of the repair drill. The multiple sets of toothed cones are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the repair drill. Each set of toothed cones has multiple toothed cones. The multiple toothed cones are arranged along the radial direction of the repair drill. When the repair drill rotates in a circle, the rotation trajectory of the multiple toothed cones of the multiple sets of toothed cones covers the entire planar position of the obstacle.
[0012] The repair drill is drilled from the top of the obstacle vertically downwards until it reaches the bottom of the hole, and the multiple teeth of the multiple toothed cones remove the obstacle.
[0013] Furthermore, in the construction step 1), the diameters of the multiple reaming drills increase sequentially, and the drilling diameter increases from small to large. The multiple reaming drills are used to drill sequentially and in stages along the center of the pile position.
[0014] Furthermore, in construction step 2), the casing is divided into an even number of segments along its circumference.
[0015] Furthermore, in construction step 3), during the process of the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit rotating without advancing at the bottom of the pile hole, when the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit does not encounter any obstacles at the bottom of the pile hole, the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit moves and drills sequentially along each circumferential segment.
[0016] Furthermore, in construction step 3), during the process of the cutting tooth slag-removing drill bit rotating without advancing at the bottom of the pile hole, when the cutting tooth slag-removing drill bit encounters an obstacle at the bottom of the pile hole, the cutting tooth slag-removing drill bit moves along the inner side of the obstacle until the cutting tooth slag-removing drill bit abuts against the inner wall of the casing and moves along the inner wall of the casing. The planar position of the obstacle is determined based on the trajectory of the cutting tooth slag-removing drill bit moving along the inner side of the obstacle.
[0017] Furthermore, in the construction step 3), when the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit abuts against the inner side of the obstacle, the abutting position of the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit against the inner side of the obstacle is the inner abutting point.
[0018] When the cutting tooth slag-removing drill bit moves a predetermined distance along the inner side of the obstacle, a measuring rope is vertically lowered into the pile hole until the bottom of the measuring rope reaches the inner contact point. Then, the inner distance between the measuring rope and the inner wall of the casing is measured. During the process of the cutting tooth slag-removing drill bit moving along the inner side of the obstacle, multiple inner distances are obtained sequentially by lowering the measuring rope. The inner trajectory of the obstacle is obtained through these multiple inner distances.
[0019] Furthermore, the inner contact position of the first end of the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit with the inner trajectory of the obstacle is the inner contact position of the first end, and the inner contact position of the first end is marked as the first end position on the casing; the inner contact position of the last end of the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit with the inner trajectory of the obstacle is the inner contact position of the last end, and the inner contact position of the last end is marked as the last end position on the casing.
[0020] In construction step 3), after the inner trajectory of the obstacle is measured, the measuring rope is lowered into the pile hole within the range from the first end position to the last end position until the bottom of the measuring rope reaches the bottom of the pile hole. Then, the measuring rope is moved towards the outside of the obstacle until the measuring rope touches the outside of the obstacle.
[0021] When the measuring rope comes into contact with the outside of the obstacle, the measuring rope is translated along the outside of the obstacle by a set distance, and the distance between the measuring rope and the outside of the inner wall of the protective cylinder is measured. During the process of the measuring rope translating along the outside of the obstacle, multiple outside distances are obtained in sequence, and the outside trajectory of the obstacle is obtained through multiple outside distances. The inner trajectory and the outer trajectory of the obstacle form the planar position of the obstacle.
[0022] Furthermore, in the construction step 4), in the roller cone set, adjacent roller cones are arranged at intervals to form roller cone intervals, and the roller cone intervals are smaller than the diameter of the roller cones; along the circumference of the repair drill, the roller cone intervals of adjacent roller cone sets are staggered, and the roller cone intervals are aligned with the roller cones in the adjacent roller cone sets.
[0023] When the repair drill rotates in a circular motion, the rotational trajectories of the multiple teeth of the multiple toothed groups form a complete annular surface, which covers the entire planar position of the obstacle.
[0024] Furthermore, in construction step 4), the inner wall of the repair drill is provided with a plurality of radial plates, which are arranged to extend radially along the repair drill and are spaced apart circumferentially along the repair drill.
[0025] The bottom outer periphery of the repair drill is provided with a plurality of downward-facing drill bits, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the repair drill; the roller cone assembly is located at the bottom of the radial plate, and the roller cones on the radial plate are arranged flush with the drill bits.
[0026] A fan-shaped plate is provided between the side of the radial plate and the inner wall of the repair drill. The fan-shaped plate has two straight sides and an arc-shaped edge arranged between the two straight sides. One of the straight sides is connected to the inner wall of the repair drill, and the other straight side is connected to the side of the radial plate. The arc-shaped edge is arranged in a suspended manner.
[0027] Furthermore, the top of the roller cone has a mounting portion for mounting on a repair drill bit, and the bottom of the roller cone forms a downwardly protruding spherical surface; a plurality of protruding teeth are provided outwardly on the spherical surface, and the plurality of protruding teeth are arranged in an array at intervals along the spherical surface;
[0028] There is a tooth gap between adjacent convex teeth, and a toothed crossbar is provided between the tooth gaps. The two ends of the toothed crossbar are respectively connected to the adjacent convex teeth. There is an arc-shaped gap between the top of the toothed crossbar and the spherical surface. The bottom of the toothed crossbar is higher than the bottom of the convex teeth.
[0029] The spherical surface has a downward-facing protrusion in the middle. The protrusion is cylindrical, with its top abutting against the middle of the spherical surface and its bottom extending downwards and below the bottom of the protruding teeth. The outer periphery of the protrusion has multiple inclined teeth, with the upper ends of the inclined teeth abutting against the outer periphery of the protrusion and the lower ends of the inclined teeth inclined downwards and below the bottom of the protrusion.
[0030] The bottom of the protrusion is recessed upward to form an irregular hole, which penetrates the bottom of the protrusion, and the outer periphery of the irregular hole has multiple pointed points.
[0031] Compared with existing technologies ， The method for correcting deviation in staged reaming drilling of hard rock using a multi-cone tubular drill bit provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0032] 1) Quick processing: By setting multiple roller cones on the repair drill, obstacles at the bottom of the pile hole can be quickly removed;
[0033] 2) Precise correction and repair: The planar and vertical positions of obstacles at the bottom of the pile hole are determined by the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit, and the obstacles are accurately located. At the same time, the corresponding toothed cone set and the number of toothed cones are set according to the distribution of obstacles to ensure the accuracy of correction and repair.
[0034] 3) High repair efficiency: When the repair drill rotates in a circle, the rotation trajectory of multiple teeth in multiple tooth groups covers the entire plane position of the obstacle. The multiple tooth groups are evenly distributed, and the teeth circulate and balance each other during rock drilling, effectively improving the efficiency of correction and repair work.
[0035] 4) Effectively reduces construction costs: Only multiple roller cone sets need to be arranged on the repair drill bit used, without the need for additional tools, thus avoiding increased mechanical investment, reducing construction costs, and achieving high repair efficiency and significant overall economic benefits. Attached Figure Description
[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process for correcting deviation in hard rock rotary drilling with graded enlargement and multi-cone tube drilling provided by the present invention.
[0037] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the uniformly segmented casing provided by the present invention;
[0038] Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the rotation trajectory of multiple gear sets provided by the present invention;
[0039] Figure 4 This is a front view schematic diagram of obstacles inside the pile hole provided by the present invention;
[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of multiple sets of roller cones provided by the present invention;
[0041] Figure 6 This is a front view schematic diagram of the planar position of an obstacle determined by a cutting tooth slag-removing drill bit provided by the present invention;
[0042] Figure 7 This is a front view schematic diagram of the toothed wheel provided by the present invention;
[0043] Figure 8 This is a front view schematic diagram of the protruding teeth on the roller provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.
[0045] The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
[0046] In the accompanying drawings of this embodiment, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0047] Reference Figure 1-8 The image shown is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0048] The construction method for correcting deviation in rotary drilling with staged enlargement and multi-cone casing for hard rock includes the following steps:
[0049] 1) Multiple borehole drills are used to drill in stages at the pile location to form a pile hole 200 with the bottom embedded in hard rock. A protective casing 100 is installed inside the pile hole 200.
[0050] 2) Divide the casing 100 into evenly numbered segments along its circumference to form multiple sequentially arranged circular segments 101, with the numbers increasing from small to large.
[0051] 3) Using a cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500, which is attached to the inner wall of the casing 100, multiple circumferential sections 101 are probed in sequence. During the probed process, the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500 is lowered to the bottom of the pile hole 200 and rotated along multiple circumferential sections 101 without advancing a bit to determine the planar position of the obstacle 201. After determining the planar position of the obstacle 201, the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500 is drilled from top to bottom through the pile hole 200 until the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500 comes into contact with the obstacle 201 from top to bottom to determine the vertical position of the obstacle 201.
[0052] 4) Multiple sets of gear sets 400 are arranged inside the repair drill 300. The multiple gear sets 400 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the repair drill 300. Each gear set 400 has multiple gears 402. The multiple gears 402 are arranged along the radial direction of the repair drill 300. When the repair drill 300 rotates in a circle, the rotation trajectory 302 of the multiple gears 402 of the multiple gear sets 400 covers the entire planar position of the obstacle 201.
[0053] The repair drill 300 is drilled from the top of the obstacle 201 vertical position downwards until the repair drill 300 drills to the bottom of the pile hole 200, and the multiple teeth 402 of the multiple toothed cone set 400 remove the obstacle 201.
[0054] The above-mentioned method for correcting deviations in rotary drilling with multi-cone tubular casing for staged enlargement in hard rock has the following beneficial effects:
[0055] 1) Quick processing: By setting multiple roller cone sets 400 on the repair drill 300, the obstacle 201 at the bottom of the pile hole 200 can be quickly processed;
[0056] 2) Precise correction and repair: The planar and vertical positions of the obstacle 201 at the bottom of the pile hole 200 are determined by the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500, and the obstacle 201 is precisely located. At the same time, the corresponding number of toothed cone sets 400 and toothed cones 402 are set according to the distribution of the obstacle 201 to ensure the accuracy of correction and repair.
[0057] 3) High repair efficiency: When the repair drill 300 rotates in a circle, the rotation trajectory 302 of the multiple gears 402 of the multiple gear sets 400 covers the entire plane position of the obstacle 201. The multiple gear sets 400 are evenly distributed, and the gears 402 circulate and balance each other during rock drilling, effectively improving the efficiency of correction and repair.
[0058] 4) Effectively reduce construction costs: Only multiple roller cone sets 400 need to be arranged on the repair drill 300 used. No additional tools are required, which avoids increasing mechanical investment, reduces the construction cost of the treatment, and has high repair efficiency and significant overall economic benefits.
[0059] The multi-rotary cone set method for correcting deviations in rotary drilling with staged reaming in hard rock is applicable to rotary cast-in-place piles facing obstacles (201) generated after the staged reaming drill enters the rock. For piles with a diameter of 2500mm or less, three 400-type rotary cone sets are used; for piles with a diameter greater than 2800mm, four 400-type rotary cone sets are used.
[0060] In construction step 1), the diameters of the multiple reaming drills increase sequentially. Based on the drilling diameter from small to large, the multiple reaming drills are used to drill sequentially in stages along the center of the pile position. In this way, the large-diameter pile hole of 200 can be formed by multiple stages of reaming.
[0061] In this embodiment, in construction step 2), the casing 100 is divided into an even number of segments along the circumference of the casing 100. The specific segmentation can be determined according to actual needs.
[0062] In this embodiment, during construction step 3), as the cutting tooth slag-removing drill bit 500 rotates without advancing at the bottom of the pile hole 200, when the cutting tooth slag-removing drill bit 500 does not encounter an obstacle 201 at the bottom of the pile hole 200, the cutting tooth slag-removing drill bit 500 sequentially translates and drills along each circumferential segment 101. By measuring the translational trajectory of the cutting tooth slag-removing drill bit 500, the trajectory of the side of the obstacle 201 can be obtained.
[0063] In construction step 3), during the process of the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500 rotating without advancing at the bottom of the pile hole 200, when the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500 encounters an obstacle 201 at the bottom of the pile hole 200, the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500 moves along the inner side of the obstacle 201 until the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500 abuts against the inner wall of the casing 100 and moves along the inner wall of the casing 100. Based on the trajectory of the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500 moving along the inner side of the obstacle 201, the planar position of the obstacle 201 is determined.
[0064] In construction step 3), when the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500 abuts against the inner side of the obstacle 201, the abutting position between the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500 and the inner side of the obstacle 201 is the inner abutting point.
[0065] When the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500 moves a set distance along the inner side of the obstacle 201, a measuring rope is vertically lowered into the pile hole 200 until the bottom of the measuring rope reaches the inner contact point. Then, the inner distance between the measuring rope and the inner wall of the casing 100 is measured. During the process of the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500 moving along the inner side of the obstacle 201, multiple inner distances are obtained in sequence by lowering the measuring rope. The inner trajectory of the obstacle 201 is obtained through multiple inner distances.
[0066] The inner contact position of the first end of the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500 and the inner trajectory of the obstacle 201 is the inner contact position of the first end, and the inner contact position of the first end is marked as the first end position on the casing 100; the inner contact position of the last end of the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500 and the inner trajectory of the obstacle 201 is the inner contact position of the last end, and the inner contact position of the last end is marked as the last end position on the casing 100.
[0067] In construction step 3), after the inner trajectory of obstacle 201 is measured, the measuring rope is lowered into the pile hole 200 within the range from the first end position to the last end position until the bottom of the measuring rope reaches the bottom of the pile hole 200. Then, the measuring rope is moved towards the outside of obstacle 201 until the measuring rope touches the outside of obstacle 201.
[0068] When the measuring rope comes into contact with the outside of the obstacle 201, the measuring rope is translated along the outside of the obstacle 201 by a set distance, and the distance between the measuring rope and the outside of the inner wall of the casing 100 is measured. During the process of the measuring rope translating along the outside of the obstacle 201, multiple outside distances are obtained in sequence, and the outside trajectory of the obstacle 201 is obtained through multiple outside distances. The inner trajectory and the outer trajectory of the obstacle 201 form the planar position of the obstacle 201.
[0069] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the detailed planar position of obstacle 201 in actual operation is as follows:
[0070] 1) When the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500 is moving along the inner wall of the casing 100 at the bottom of the pile hole 200, until it encounters the obstacle 201 and can no longer move along the inner wall of the casing 100, stop and mark point A. Lower the measuring rope to the intersection of the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500 and the obstacle 201, and mark it as point B on the casing 100. The distance between the measuring rope and the casing 100 is measured to be 180mm.
[0071] 2) The cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500 moves along the inner side of the obstacle 201 until it can move along the inner side wall of the casing 100. Stop and mark it as point C. Lower the measuring rope to the intersection of the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500 and the obstacle 201, and mark it as point D on the casing 100. The distance between the measuring rope and the casing 100 is measured to be 150mm.
[0072] 3) When the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500 moves along the inner side of the obstacle 201, the distance between the intersection of the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit 500 and the obstacle 201 is measured every 300mm. The distance between the lowered measuring rope and the casing 100 is 300mm. The inner trajectory of the obstacle 201 can be determined based on the distance at each point.
[0073] 4) Lower the measuring rope every 300mm along the edge of the casing 100 between points B and D until it reaches the bottom of the pile hole 200. Then, move the measuring rope into the pile hole 200. After finding the obstacle 201, measure the minimum distance between the obstacle 201 and the edge of the casing 100 as 100mm. The outer trajectory of the obstacle 201 can be determined based on the distance between each point.
[0074] In this embodiment, in construction step 4), in the roller cone set 400, adjacent roller cones are arranged with a spacing 403 to form a roller cone spacing 403, and the roller cone spacing 403 is smaller than the diameter of the roller cone 402; along the circumference of the repair drill 300, the roller cone spacings 403 of adjacent roller cone sets 400 are staggered and aligned with the roller cones 402 in the adjacent roller cone set 400.
[0075] When the repair drill 300 rotates in a circle, the rotation trajectory 302 of the multiple gears 402 of the multiple gear sets 400 forms a complete annular surface, which covers the entire planar position of the obstacle 201.
[0076] During the correction and repair process, align the repair drill 300 with the center of the pile hole 200 and adjust the verticality of the drill rod. After lowering the repair drill 300 above the obstacle 201, slowly press down and rotate the repair drill 300 to begin the cutting and cleaning operation. When drilling, pay attention to controlling the drilling pressure to ensure that the drilling machine is stable until the repair drill 300 drills to the bottom of the pile hole 200.
[0077] In this embodiment, in construction step 4), a plurality of radial plates 401 are protruding from the inner sidewall of the repair drill 300. The radial plates 401 extend radially along the repair drill 300, and the plurality of radial plates 401 are arranged at intervals circumferentially along the repair drill 300.
[0078] The bottom outer periphery of the repair drill 300 is provided with a plurality of downwardly arranged drill bits 301, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the repair drill 300; the roller cone assembly 400 is provided at the bottom of the radial plate 401, and the roller cones 402 on the radial plate 401 are arranged flush with the drill bits 301.
[0079] A fan-shaped plate is provided between the side of the radial plate 401 and the inner wall of the repair drill 300. The fan-shaped plate has two straight sides and an arc-shaped edge arranged between the two straight sides. One straight side is connected to the inner wall of the repair drill 300, and the other straight side is connected to the side of the radial plate 401. The arc-shaped edge is arranged in a suspended manner.
[0080] By setting the radial plate 401, the arrangement of the roller cone 402 is facilitated, and by setting the fan-shaped plate, the radial plate 401 can be made more stable. The fan-shaped arrangement of the fan-shaped plate facilitates its connection with the inner wall of the repair drill 300 and the side of the radial plate 401. During the rotation process, when the roller cone 402 removes the obstacle 201, the radial plate 401 is subjected to circumferential impact force. The fan-shaped plate can more stably keep the radial plate 401 fixed.
[0081] In this embodiment, the top of the roller cone 402 has a mounting portion 404 mounted on the repair drill 300, and the bottom of the roller cone 402 forms a downward protruding spherical surface 407; a plurality of protruding teeth 405 are provided on the spherical surface 407, and the plurality of protruding teeth 405 are arranged in an array at intervals along the spherical surface 407; in this way, the protruding teeth 405 can be set at different positions in space, which facilitates the removal of the obstacle 201 by the protruding teeth 405.
[0082] There is a tooth gap between adjacent protruding teeth 405, and a toothed crossbar 406 is provided between the tooth gaps. The two ends of the toothed crossbar 406 are respectively connected to the adjacent protruding teeth 405. There is an arc-shaped gap 408 between the top of the toothed crossbar 406 and the spherical surface 407. The bottom of the toothed crossbar 406 is higher than the bottom of the protruding teeth 405. By setting the toothed crossbar 406, the stability between the protruding teeth 405 can be strengthened, and the toothed crossbar 406 can simultaneously remove the obstacle 201 during the process of chiseling away the obstacle 201.
[0083] An arc-shaped interval 408 is formed between the toothed crossbar 406 and the spherical surface 407, which allows the toothed crossbar 406 to cut the obstacle 201 laterally without affecting the removal of the obstacle 201 by the protruding teeth 405.
[0084] The spherical surface 407 has a downwardly arranged protrusion 409 in the middle. The protrusion 409 is cylindrical. The top of the protrusion 409 is connected to the middle of the spherical surface 407, and the bottom of the protrusion 409 extends downward and is lower than the bottom of the protrusion tooth 405. The outer periphery of the protrusion 409 is provided with a plurality of inclined teeth 410. The upper end of the inclined teeth 410 is connected to the outer periphery of the protrusion 409, and the lower end of the inclined teeth 410 is inclined downward and is lower than the bottom of the protrusion 409.
[0085] Since the toothed cone spacing 403 is aligned with the toothed cone 402 in the adjacent toothed cone group 400, by arranging the protrusion 409, which is aligned with the toothed cone spacing 403 of the adjacent toothed cone group 400, during the rotation of the repair drill 300, the obstruction 201 can be removed multiple times by using the inclined teeth 410 on the protrusion 409, and the inclined teeth 410 can remove the obstruction 201 in different directions, forming different directions of removal with the protrusion teeth 405.
[0086] The bottom of the protrusion 409 is recessed upwards to form an irregular hole 411, which penetrates the bottom of the protrusion 409, and multiple pointed points are formed on the outer periphery of the irregular hole 411. In this way, when the toothed wheel 402 removes the obstacle 201, the arrangement of the irregular hole 411 can achieve more efficient removal of the obstacle 201, and the multiple pointed points can effectively remove some sharp parts of the obstacle 201.
[0087] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for correcting deviation in rotary drilling with multi-cone tubular casing for staged enlargement in hard rock, characterized in that... The construction steps include the following: 1) Multiple borehole drills are used to drill in stages at the pile location to form pile holes with the bottom embedded in hard rock, and the pile holes are equipped with protective casings; 2) Divide the casing into evenly numbered segments along its circumference to form multiple sequentially arranged circular segments, with the numbers increasing from small to large; 3) Using a cutting tooth slag removal drill bit, probe multiple circumferential sections sequentially along the inner wall of the casing; during the probing process, the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit is lowered to the bottom of the pile hole and rotates sequentially along multiple circumferential sections without advancing a diameter to determine the planar position of the obstacle; after determining the planar position of the obstacle, the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit is drilled from top to bottom through the pile hole until the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit abuts against the obstacle from top to bottom to determine the vertical position of the obstacle; 4) Multiple sets of toothed cones are arranged on the inner side of the repair drill. The multiple sets of toothed cones are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the repair drill. Each set of toothed cones has multiple toothed cones. The multiple toothed cones are arranged along the radial direction of the repair drill. When the repair drill rotates in a circle, the rotation trajectory of the multiple toothed cones of the multiple sets of toothed cones covers the entire planar position of the obstacle. The repair drill is drilled from the top of the obstacle vertically downwards until it reaches the bottom of the hole, and the multiple teeth of the multiple toothed cones remove the obstacle. In construction step 3), when the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit abuts against the inner side of the obstacle, the abutting position of the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit against the inner side of the obstacle is the inner abutting point. When the cutting tooth slag-removing drill bit moves a predetermined distance along the inner side of the obstacle, a measuring rope is vertically lowered into the pile hole until the bottom of the measuring rope reaches the inner contact point. Then, the inner distance between the measuring rope and the inner wall of the casing is measured. During the process of the cutting tooth slag-removing drill bit moving along the inner side of the obstacle, multiple inner distances are obtained sequentially by lowering the measuring rope. The inner trajectory of the obstacle is obtained through these multiple inner distances. In construction step 4), in the roller cone group, adjacent roller cones are arranged at intervals to form roller cone intervals, and the roller cone intervals are smaller than the diameter of the roller cones; along the circumference of the repair drill, the roller cone intervals of adjacent roller cone groups are staggered, and the roller cone intervals are aligned with the roller cones in the adjacent roller cone groups. When the repair drill rotates in a circular motion, the rotational trajectories of the multiple teeth of the multiple toothed groups form a complete annular surface, which covers the entire planar position of the obstacle.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by: In construction step 1), the diameters of the multiple reaming drills increase sequentially, and the drilling diameter increases from small to large. The multiple reaming drills are used to drill sequentially in stages along the center of the pile position.
3. The method for correcting deviation in rotary drilling with multi-cone tubular casing for graded enlargement in hard rock as described in claim 1, characterized in that... In construction step 2), the casing is divided into an even number of segments along its circumference.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method is a method for correcting deviation of a hard rock rotary excavating and grading reaming deviation hole multi-cone group cylinder drill, characterized in that, In construction step 3), during the process of the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit rotating without advancing at the bottom of the pile hole, when the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit does not encounter any obstacles at the bottom of the pile hole, the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit moves and drills sequentially along each circumferential segment.
5. The method for correcting deviation in rotary drilling with multi-cone tubular casing for graded enlargement in hard rock as described in claim 4, characterized in that, In construction step 3), during the process of the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit rotating without advancing at the bottom of the pile hole, when the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit encounters an obstacle at the bottom of the pile hole, the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit moves along the inner side of the obstacle until the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit abuts against the inner side wall of the casing and moves along the inner side wall of the casing. The planar position of the obstacle is determined based on the trajectory of the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit moving along the inner side of the obstacle.
6. The method for correcting deviation in rotary drilling with multi-cone tubular casing for graded enlargement in hard rock as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The inner contact position of the first end of the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit with the inner track of the obstacle is the inner contact position of the first end, and the inner contact position of the first end is marked as the first end position on the casing; the inner contact position of the last end of the cutting tooth slag removal drill bit with the inner track of the obstacle is the inner contact position of the last end, and the inner contact position of the last end is marked as the last end position on the casing. In construction step 3), after the inner trajectory of the obstacle is measured, the measuring rope is lowered into the pile hole within the range from the first end position to the last end position until the bottom of the measuring rope reaches the bottom of the pile hole. Then, the measuring rope is moved towards the outside of the obstacle until the measuring rope touches the outside of the obstacle. When the measuring rope comes into contact with the outside of the obstacle, the measuring rope is translated along the outside of the obstacle by a set distance, and the distance between the measuring rope and the outside of the inner wall of the protective cylinder is measured. During the process of the measuring rope translating along the outside of the obstacle, multiple outside distances are obtained in sequence, and the outside trajectory of the obstacle is obtained through multiple outside distances. The inner trajectory and the outer trajectory of the obstacle form the planar position of the obstacle.
7. The hard rock rotary drilling staged enlargement drilling method for correcting deviation in multi-cone tubular casing as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, In construction step 4), the inner wall of the repair drill is provided with multiple radial plates, which extend radially along the repair drill and are spaced apart circumferentially along the repair drill. The bottom outer periphery of the repair drill is provided with a plurality of downward-facing drill bits, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the repair drill; the roller cone assembly is located at the bottom of the radial plate, and the roller cones on the radial plate are arranged flush with the drill bits. A fan-shaped plate is provided between the side of the radial plate and the inner wall of the repair drill. The fan-shaped plate has two straight sides and an arc-shaped edge arranged between the two straight sides. One of the straight sides is connected to the inner wall of the repair drill, and the other straight side is connected to the side of the radial plate. The arc-shaped edge is arranged in a suspended manner.
8. The method for correcting deviation in rotary drilling with multi-cone tubular casing for graded enlargement in hard rock as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The top of the roller cone has a mounting part for mounting on a repair drill bit, and the bottom of the roller cone forms a downward protruding spherical surface; multiple protruding teeth are provided on the spherical surface, and the multiple protruding teeth are arranged in an array at intervals along the spherical surface; There is a tooth gap between adjacent convex teeth, and a toothed crossbar is provided between the tooth gaps. The two ends of the toothed crossbar are respectively connected to the adjacent convex teeth. There is an arc-shaped gap between the top of the toothed crossbar and the spherical surface. The bottom of the toothed crossbar is higher than the bottom of the convex teeth. The spherical surface has a downward-facing protrusion in the middle. The protrusion is cylindrical, with its top abutting against the middle of the spherical surface and its bottom extending downwards and below the bottom of the protruding teeth. The outer periphery of the protrusion has multiple inclined teeth, with the upper ends of the inclined teeth abutting against the outer periphery of the protrusion and the lower ends of the inclined teeth inclined downwards and below the bottom of the protrusion. The bottom of the protrusion is recessed upward to form an irregular hole, which penetrates the bottom of the protrusion, and the outer periphery of the irregular hole has multiple pointed points.