A multi-stage ecological polyculture method for archachatina
By cultivating *Myriophyllum spicatum* in the aquaculture ponds and polyculturing *Bambusa multiplex* and *Cyprinus cuspidatum*, the problems of feed supply and water quality were solved, achieving efficient growth and high yield of *Bambusa multiplex* and *Cyprinus cuspidatum*, reducing aquaculture costs, and meeting market demand.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311175695.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-09-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2043-09-13
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, the problems of feed supply and water quality in the farming of whelk and barbel have not been effectively solved, resulting in slow growth rate and a decrease in wild barbel resources, and the market demand has not been met.
A multi-level ecological polyculture method is adopted, in which Myriophyllum spicatum is planted in the breeding pond and Conch and Flounder are stocked. Myriophyllum spicatum is used as a food chain producer to provide food for Conch and purify water quality. At the same time, the Conch eat the leftover food and undigested nutrients of Flounder, thus improving feed utilization.
This has enabled the efficient growth of whelks and barbels, increased the survival rate and yield of whelks, reduced breeding costs, created a favorable living environment, and met market demand.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquaculture technology, and in particular to a method for multi-level ecological polyculture of *Sinocyclocheilus edulis*. Background Technology
[0002] The Oriental Wind Snail, scientifically known as *Babylonia squarrosa*, is also commonly called "Flower Snail," "Sea Pig Snail," and "South Wind Snail." In biological taxonomy, it belongs to the genus *Babylonia* of the family Buccinidae within the class Gastropoda. This snail is nocturnal, hiding in sand and mud during the day with its siphon exposed, and foraging at night, crawling and using the mucus secreted by its foot to glide. It is often described as having "dragon meat in the sky and snail meat on the ground," with the Oriental Wind Snail being one example. This snail is a high-quality, commercially valuable edible fish with a unified national market. In recent years, demand has exceeded supply, leading to a continuous rise in prices.
[0003] Tor brevifilis, also known as harpy fish, is a species belonging to the class Osteichthyes, order Cypriniformes, family Cyprinidae, subfamily Barbinae, and genus Tor brevifilis. It inhabits the middle and lower layers of relatively clear, flowing water, is of medium size, and is distributed in the Yangtze, Pearl, Min, and Lancang River systems, as well as in Myanmar and Vietnam. It is a widely distributed species south of the Yangtze River in my country. This fish has tender flesh, a delicious flavor, is rich in nutrients, high in fat, and grows quickly, making it of high economic value in fisheries. Currently, most Tor brevifilis on the market are wild-caught. However, due to water pollution, habitat destruction, overfishing, and other human activities, wild Tor brevifilis resources have significantly decreased and cannot meet market demand. Therefore, the artificial breeding of Tor brevifilis is urgently needed.
[0004] Multi-level ecological polyculture aims to fully utilize water bodies and natural food organisms, while also allowing for multiple conversions and utilization of natural and artificial feeds, thus improving their efficiency. By rationally combining different species and their proportions, and utilizing the principle of symbiosis, the ecological layout is adjusted, enhancing the self-purification capacity of the aquaculture site. Currently, the artificial aquaculture technology for *Hemiberlesia lataniae* is immature, and there is still no effective solution for the feed supply in the aquaculture process of *Sinocyclocheilus edulis*. Both are limited by the variety and palatability of feed, resulting in slow growth rates. Therefore, a multi-level ecological polyculture model is urgently needed to solve the feed and water quality problems in their aquaculture process. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the aforementioned deficiencies in existing technologies, this invention proposes a multi-level ecological polyculture method for *Bambusa multiplex* to solve the problems mentioned in the background section.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:
[0007] A method for multi-level ecological polyculture of *Bellamya aegyptiaca*, comprising the following steps:
[0008] S1. Treatment of aquaculture ponds: pump out the water from the bottom of the pond, remove silt, dry the pond, and disinfect.
[0009] S2. Planting of aquatic plants: Select *Myriophyllum spicatum* for planting. The planting area should be 30-40% of the area of the aquaculture pond. The planting quantity should be 21-24 kg / mu, and the row spacing should be 82-88 cm.
[0010] S3. Selection and stocking of snail seedlings: Select healthy individuals with a shell height of 1.2-1.7cm and 1200-1800 snails / kg. The stocking density is 20,000-30,000 snails / mu. Before stocking, disinfect the snail seedlings with potassium permanganate bath and then evenly scatter them in the breeding pond.
[0011] S4. Selection and stocking of cichlids: The size of the selected fish is 5-8g / fish, and the stocking density is 500-700 fish / acre;
[0012] S5. Feeding: Feed 2-4 times a day, with a daily feed amount of 5-10% of the total weight of the barbels by mass percentage.
[0013] S6. Water quality control: Maintain dissolved oxygen at 5-8 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen at 0.1-0.5 mg / L, nitrite at 0.1-0.3 mg / L, transparency at 30-40 cm, pH at 8.0-8.4, water temperature at 23-27℃, and salinity at 14-25%.
[0014] S7. Harvesting: The breeding cycle is 9 to 11 months, and the fish are harvested and sold.
[0015] Preferably, if only one species is raised at the aquaculture site, the water space cannot be fully utilized, wasting the effective aquaculture area. Since the barbel wrasse lives in the middle and lower layers of the water and the tarantula is benthic, raising them in the same water body not only avoids conflict in terms of living space but also fully utilizes the effective water space of the aquaculture site. The tarantula does not require additional feeding; it can directly consume foxtail algae, leftover food from the barbel wrasse, and undigested nutrients excreted by the barbel wrasse, improving feed utilization. Furthermore, consuming foxtail algae helps control algae growth, providing a high-quality aquatic environment for the barbel wrasse and increasing their survival rate.
[0016] Preferably, the disinfection in step S1 is carried out 25 days before stocking the seedlings by applying 70-80 kg / mu of quicklime or 20-25 mg / L of bleaching powder dissolved in water to the entire aquaculture pond. 15-20 days before stocking the seedlings, the water is filled to a depth of 50 cm, and the inlet is covered with a 0.3 mm mesh bag for filtration to prevent wild fish and predatory organisms from entering the pond.
[0017] Preferably, in step S2, the planting area of Myriophyllum spicatum is 35% of the area of the aquaculture pond, the planting quantity is 23 kg / mu, and the row spacing is 85 cm.
[0018] Preferably, in step S3, healthy individuals with a shell height of 1.5cm and a density of 1600 snails / kg are selected, and the stocking density is 25,000 snails / acre. The snail seedlings are then bathed in seawater with a concentration of 6mg / L potassium permanganate for 6-10 minutes.
[0019] Preferably, in step S4, the selected size is 7g / tail, and the stocking density is 600 tails / acre. When stocking, first use a leather net to pull the fish fry to a corner of the pond and gather them together. Then use a basin to scoop the fish fry with water into a bucket. Depending on the size of the bucket, put 12-25 fish into each bucket. Then transport them to the prepared breeding pond and slowly pour the fish in.
[0020] Preferably, the feed ingredients in step S5 are 20 parts ethyl maltol, 50 parts wheat germ fermentation powder, 5 parts fish oil, and 10 parts emulsifier.
[0021] Preferably, in step S6, the dissolved oxygen is 7 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen is 0.3 mg / L, nitrite is 0.2 mg / L, transparency is 35 cm, pH is 8.2, water temperature is 25℃, and salinity is 20%.
[0022] Preferably, the method for regulating water quality in step S6 is at least one of draining and replacing water, adding an aerator, and adding a water quality conditioner.
[0023] Preferably, the water quality conditioner is potassium persulfate bottom conditioner tablets.
[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0025] This invention uses Myriophyllum spicatum as a producer in the food chain of the aquaculture pond. While providing food for the snails, it has a significantly stronger decontamination ability than other algae, which can effectively purify the sewage brought by rainwater in the aquaculture pond and quickly balance the ecological balance in the aquaculture pond.
[0026] This invention constructs a multi-level ecological polyculture model of *Myriophyllum spicatum*, *Bellamya spp.*, and *Cyprinus spp.*, selecting 35% of the *Myriophyllum spicatum* planting area to achieve green and healthy ecological aquaculture. Currently, artificial breeding of *Cyprinus spp.* is limited, as they have high requirements for their living environment. The presence of *Myriophyllum spicatum* not only fully utilizes its strong decontamination ability to create a favorable living environment, but also eliminates the need for additional feeding for *Bellamya spp.*, allowing them to directly consume *Myriophyllum spicatum*, uneaten food from *Cyprinus spp.*, and undigested nutrients excreted by *Cyprinus spp.*, thus improving feed utilization, reducing breeding costs, and increasing the survival rate of *Bellamya spp.* Using the breeding method described in this application, the survival rate of *Bellamya spp.* (95.2%) in the polyculture of *Bellamya spp.* and *Cyprinus spp.* is higher than the survival rate of *Bellamya spp.* alone (75.2%). Using the breeding method described in this application, the yields of both *Bellamya spp.* and *Cyprinus spp.* can reach relatively high levels. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
[0028] Example 1
[0029] A method for multi-level ecological polyculture of *Bellamya aegyptiaca*, comprising the following steps:
[0030] S1. Pond Treatment: Select a 5-mu (approximately 0.33 hectares) rectangular pond oriented east-west with a flat bottom and complete inlet and outlet facilities. Pump out the water from the bottom of the pond, remove the silt, and allow the pond to dry. 25 days before stocking the fry, apply 70-80 kg / mu of quicklime or 20-25 mg / L of bleaching powder dissolved in water to the entire pond. 15-20 days before stocking the fry, fill the pond with water to a depth of 50 cm. Cover the inlet with a 0.3 mm mesh bag for filtration to prevent wild fish and predatory organisms from entering the pond.
[0031] S2. Planting of aquatic plants: Select Myriophyllum spicatum for planting, with a planting area of 30% of the aquaculture pond area, a planting quantity of 21 kg / mu, and a row spacing of 82 cm.
[0032] S3. Selection and stocking of snail seedlings: Select healthy individuals with a shell height of 1.2cm and 1200 snails / kg. The stocking density is 20,000 snails / mu. Before stocking, the snail seedlings are disinfected by bathing in 6mg / L potassium permanganate for 6 minutes, and then evenly sown in the breeding pond.
[0033] S4. Selection and stocking of cichlids: The selected size is 5g / fish, and the stocking density is 500 fish / acre;
[0034] S5. Feeding: Feed twice a day. The daily feed amount is 5% of the total weight of the barbel fish by mass percentage. The feed consists of 20 parts ethyl maltol, 50 parts wheat germ fermentation powder, 5 parts fish oil and 10 parts emulsifier.
[0035] S6. Water quality control: Maintain dissolved oxygen at 5 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen at 0.1 mg / L, nitrite at 0.1 mg / L, transparency at 30 cm, pH at 8.0, water temperature at 23℃, and salinity at 15%. Observe frequently and change the water in a timely manner. Use potassium persulfate bottom conditioner tablets once a month to improve water quality. Sprinkle the whole pond at a rate of 6 kg / mu. Each aquaculture pond is equipped with a bottom aerator with a power of 2.2 kW. When the weather is sunny, turn on the aerator for 3 hours at noon and 6 hours at night. If there is continuous rainy weather or severe weather, the operating time should be increased.
[0036] S7. Harvesting: The breeding cycle is 9 months, and the fish are harvested and sold.
[0037] Example 2
[0038] A method for multi-level ecological polyculture of *Bellamya aegyptiaca*, comprising the following steps:
[0039] S1. Pond Treatment: Select a 5-mu (approximately 0.33 hectares) rectangular pond oriented east-west with a flat bottom and complete inlet and drainage facilities. Pump out excess water from the bottom of the pond, remove silt, and allow the pond to dry in the sun. 25 days before stocking the fry, apply 70-80 kg / mu of quicklime or 20-25 mg / L of bleaching powder dissolved in water throughout the pond. 15-20 days before stocking, fill the pond with water to a depth of 50 cm. Use a 0.3 mm mesh filter bag to cover the inlet to prevent wild fish and predators from entering the pond.
[0040] S2. Planting of aquatic plants: Select grass tail algae for planting, with a planting area of 40% of the aquaculture pond area, a planting quantity of 24 kg / mu, and a row spacing of 88 cm.
[0041] S3. Selection and stocking of snail seedlings: Select healthy individuals with a shell height of 1.7cm and 1800 snails / kg. The stocking density is 30,000 snails / mu. Before stocking, disinfect the snail seedlings with an 8mg / L potassium permanganate bath for 10 minutes, and then evenly scatter them in the breeding pond.
[0042] S4. Selection and stocking of cichlids: The selected size is 8g / fish, and the stocking density is 700 fish / acre;
[0043] S5. Feeding: Feed 4 times a day. The daily feed amount is 10% of the total weight of the barbel fish by mass percentage. The feed consists of 20 parts ethyl maltol, 50 parts wheat germ fermentation powder, 5 parts fish oil and 10 parts emulsifier.
[0044] S6. Water quality control: Maintain dissolved oxygen at 8 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen at 0.5 mg / L, nitrite at 0.3 mg / L, transparency at 40 cm, pH at 8.4, water temperature at 27℃, and salinity at 25%. Observe frequently and change the water in a timely manner. Use potassium persulfate bottom conditioner tablets once a month to improve water quality. Sprinkle the whole pond at a rate of 6 kg / mu. Each aquaculture pond is equipped with a 2.2 kW bottom aerator. When the weather is sunny, turn on the aerator for 3 hours at noon and 6 hours at night. If there is continuous rainy weather or severe weather, the operating time should be increased.
[0045] S7. Harvesting: The breeding cycle is 11 months, and the fish are harvested and sold.
[0046] Example 3
[0047] A method for multi-level ecological polyculture of *Bellamya aegyptiaca*, comprising the following steps:
[0048] S1. Pond Treatment: Select a 5-mu (approximately 0.33 hectares) rectangular pond oriented east-west with a flat bottom and complete inlet and drainage facilities. Pump out excess water from the bottom of the pond, remove silt, and allow the pond to dry in the sun. 25 days before stocking the fry, apply 70-80 kg / mu of quicklime or 20-25 mg / L of bleaching powder dissolved in water throughout the pond. 15-20 days before stocking, fill the pond with water to a depth of 50 cm. Use a 0.3 mm mesh filter bag to cover the inlet to prevent wild fish and predators from entering the pond.
[0049] S2. Planting of aquatic plants: Select *Myriophyllum spicatum* for planting, with a planting area of 35% of the aquaculture pond area, a planting quantity of 23 kg / mu, and a row spacing of 85 cm.
[0050] S3. Selection and stocking of snail seedlings: Select healthy individuals with a shell height of 1.5cm and 1600 snails / kg. The stocking density is 25,000 snails / mu. Before stocking, the snail seedlings are disinfected by bathing in 7mg / L potassium permanganate for 8 minutes, and then evenly sown in the breeding pond.
[0051] S4. Selection and stocking of cichlids: The selected size is 7g / fish, and the stocking density is 600 fish / acre;
[0052] S5. Feeding: Feed 2 to 4 times a day. The daily feed amount is 5 to 10% of the total weight of the barbel fish by mass percentage. The feed consists of 20 parts ethyl maltol, 50 parts wheat germ fermentation powder, 5 parts fish oil and 10 parts emulsifier.
[0053] S6. Water quality control: Maintain dissolved oxygen at 5-8 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen at 0.1-0.5 mg / L, nitrite at 0.1-0.3 mg / L, transparency at 30-40 cm, pH at 8.0-8.4, water temperature at 23-27℃, and salinity at 15-25%. Observe frequently and change the water in a timely manner. Use potassium persulfate bottom conditioner tablets once a month to improve water quality. Sprinkle the entire pond at a rate of 6 kg / mu. Each aquaculture pond should be equipped with a 2.2 kW bottom aerator. When the weather is sunny, run the aerator for 3 hours at noon and 6 hours at night. If there is continuous rainy weather or severe weather, increase the running time.
[0054] S7. Harvesting: The breeding cycle is 10 months, and the fish are harvested and sold.
[0055] Comparative Example 1
[0056] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the aquatic plant planting area is 20%, while the other steps remain the same.
[0057] A method for multi-level ecological polyculture of *Bellamya aegyptiaca*, comprising the following steps:
[0058] S1. Pond Treatment: Select a 5-mu (approximately 0.33 hectares) rectangular pond oriented east-west with a flat bottom and complete inlet and drainage facilities. Pump out excess water from the bottom of the pond, remove silt, and allow the pond to dry in the sun. 25 days before stocking the fry, apply 70-80 kg / mu of quicklime or 20-25 mg / L of bleaching powder dissolved in water throughout the pond. 15-20 days before stocking, fill the pond with water to a depth of 50 cm. Use a 0.3 mm mesh filter bag to cover the inlet to prevent wild fish and predators from entering the pond.
[0059] S2. Planting of aquatic plants: Select grass tail algae for planting. The planting area is 20% of the area of the breeding pond. The planting quantity is 10kg / mu and the row spacing is 85cm.
[0060] S3. Selection and stocking of snail seedlings: Select healthy individuals with a shell height of 1.5cm and 1600 snails / kg. The stocking density is 25,000 snails / mu. Before stocking, the snail seedlings are disinfected by bathing in 7mg / L potassium permanganate for 8 minutes, and then evenly sown in the breeding pond.
[0061] S4. Selection and stocking of cichlids: The selected size is 7g / fish, and the stocking density is 600 fish / acre;
[0062] S5. Feeding: Feed 2 to 4 times a day. The daily feed amount is 5 to 10% of the total weight of the barbel fish by mass percentage. The feed consists of 20 parts ethyl maltol, 50 parts wheat germ fermentation powder, 5 parts fish oil and 10 parts emulsifier.
[0063] S6. Water quality control: Maintain dissolved oxygen at 5-8 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen at 0.1-0.5 mg / L, nitrite at 0.1-0.3 mg / L, transparency at 30-40 cm, pH at 8.0-8.4, water temperature at 23-27℃, and salinity at 15-25%. Observe frequently and change the water in a timely manner. Use potassium persulfate bottom conditioner tablets once a month to improve water quality. Sprinkle the entire pond at a rate of 6 kg / mu. Each aquaculture pond should be equipped with a 2.2 kW bottom aerator. When the weather is sunny, run the aerator for 3 hours at noon and 6 hours at night. If there is continuous rainy weather or severe weather, increase the running time.
[0064] S7. Harvesting: The breeding cycle is 10 months, and the fish are harvested and sold.
[0065] Comparative Example 2
[0066] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the aquatic plant planting area is 45%, while the other steps remain the same.
[0067] A method for multi-level ecological polyculture of *Bellamya aegyptiaca*, comprising the following steps:
[0068] S1. Pond Treatment: Select a 5-mu (approximately 0.33 hectares) rectangular pond oriented east-west with a flat bottom and complete inlet and drainage facilities. Pump out excess water from the bottom of the pond, remove silt, and allow the pond to dry in the sun. 25 days before stocking the fry, apply 70-80 kg / mu of quicklime or 20-25 mg / L of bleaching powder dissolved in water throughout the pond. 15-20 days before stocking, fill the pond with water to a depth of 50 cm. Use a 0.3 mm mesh filter bag to cover the inlet to prevent wild fish and predators from entering the pond.
[0069] S2. Planting of aquatic plants: Select *Myriophyllum spicatum* for planting, with a planting area of 45% of the aquaculture pond area, a planting quantity of 28 kg / mu, and a row spacing of 85 cm.
[0070] S3. Selection and stocking of snail seedlings: Select healthy individuals with a shell height of 1.5cm and 1600 snails / kg. The stocking density is 25,000 snails / mu. Before stocking, the snail seedlings are disinfected by bathing in 7mg / L potassium permanganate for 8 minutes, and then evenly sown in the breeding pond.
[0071] S4. Selection and stocking of cichlids: The selected size is 7g / fish, and the stocking density is 600 fish / acre;
[0072] S5. Feeding: Feed 2 to 4 times a day. The daily feed amount is 5 to 10% of the total weight of the barbel fish by mass percentage. The feed consists of 20 parts ethyl maltol, 50 parts wheat germ fermentation powder, 5 parts fish oil and 10 parts emulsifier.
[0073] S6. Water quality control: Maintain dissolved oxygen at 5-8 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen at 0.1-0.5 mg / L, nitrite at 0.1-0.3 mg / L, transparency at 30-40 cm, pH at 8.0-8.4, water temperature at 23-27℃, and salinity at 15-25%. Observe frequently and change the water in a timely manner. Use potassium persulfate bottom conditioner tablets once a month to improve water quality. Sprinkle the entire pond at a rate of 6 kg / mu. Each aquaculture pond should be equipped with a 2.2 kW bottom aerator. When the weather is sunny, run the aerator for 3 hours at noon and 6 hours at night. If there is continuous rainy weather or severe weather, increase the running time.
[0074] S7. Harvesting: The breeding cycle is 10 months, and the fish are harvested and sold.
[0075] Comparative Example 3
[0076] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the stocking density of snail seedlings is increased to 40,000 seedlings / acre, while the other steps remain unchanged.
[0077] A method for multi-level ecological polyculture of *Bellamya aegyptiaca*, comprising the following steps:
[0078] S1. Pond Treatment: Select a 5-mu (approximately 0.33 hectares) rectangular pond oriented east-west with a flat bottom and complete inlet and drainage facilities. Pump out excess water from the bottom of the pond, remove silt, and allow the pond to dry in the sun. 25 days before stocking the fry, apply 70-80 kg / mu of quicklime or 20-25 mg / L of bleaching powder dissolved in water throughout the pond. 15-20 days before stocking, fill the pond with water to a depth of 50 cm. Use a 0.3 mm mesh filter bag to cover the inlet to prevent wild fish and predators from entering the pond.
[0079] S2. Planting of aquatic plants: Select *Myriophyllum spicatum* for planting, with a planting area of 35% of the aquaculture pond area, a planting quantity of 23 kg / mu, and a row spacing of 85 cm.
[0080] S3. Selection and stocking of snail seedlings: Select healthy individuals with a shell height of 1.5cm and 1600 snails / kg. The stocking density is 40,000 snails / mu. Before stocking, the snail seedlings are disinfected by bathing in 7mg / L potassium permanganate for 8 minutes, and then evenly sown in the breeding pond.
[0081] S4. Selection and stocking of cichlids: The selected size is 7g / fish, and the stocking density is 600 fish / acre;
[0082] S5. Feeding: Feed 2 to 4 times a day. The daily feed amount is 5 to 10% of the total weight of the barbel fish by mass percentage. The feed consists of 20 parts ethyl maltol, 50 parts wheat germ fermentation powder, 5 parts fish oil and 10 parts emulsifier.
[0083] S6. Water quality control: Maintain dissolved oxygen at 5-8 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen at 0.1-0.5 mg / L, nitrite at 0.1-0.3 mg / L, transparency at 30-40 cm, pH at 8.0-8.4, water temperature at 23-27℃, and salinity at 15-25%. Observe frequently and change the water in a timely manner. Use potassium persulfate bottom conditioner tablets once a month to improve water quality. Sprinkle the entire pond at a rate of 6 kg / mu. Each aquaculture pond should be equipped with a 2.2 kW bottom aerator. When the weather is sunny, run the aerator for 3 hours at noon and 6 hours at night. If there is continuous rainy weather or severe weather, increase the running time.
[0084] S7. Harvesting: The breeding cycle is 10 months, and the fish are harvested and sold.
[0085] Comparative Example 4
[0086] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that step S4 is omitted, snail seedlings are cultured separately, and the remaining steps remain unchanged.
[0087] A method for multi-level ecological polyculture of *Bellamya aegyptiaca*, comprising the following steps:
[0088] S1. Pond Treatment: Select a 5-mu (approximately 0.33 hectares) rectangular pond oriented east-west with a flat bottom and complete inlet and outlet facilities. Pump out the water from the bottom of the pond, remove the silt, and allow the pond to dry. 25 days before stocking the fry, apply 70-80 kg / mu of quicklime or 20-25 mg / L of bleaching powder dissolved in water to the entire pond. 15-20 days before stocking the fry, fill the pond with water to a depth of 50 cm. Cover the inlet with a 0.3 mm mesh bag for filtration to prevent wild fish and predatory organisms from entering the pond.
[0089] S2. Planting of aquatic plants: Select *Myriophyllum spicatum* for planting, with a planting area of 35% of the aquaculture pond area, a planting quantity of 23 kg / mu, and a row spacing of 85 cm.
[0090] S3. Selection and stocking of snail seedlings: Select healthy individuals with a shell height of 1.5cm and 1600 snails / kg. The stocking density is 25,000 snails / mu. Before stocking, the snail seedlings are disinfected by bathing in 7mg / L potassium permanganate for 8 minutes, and then evenly sown in the breeding pond.
[0091] S4. Water quality control: Maintain dissolved oxygen at 5-8 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen at 0.1-0.5 mg / L, nitrite at 0.1-0.3 mg / L, transparency at 30-40 cm, pH at 8.0-8.4, water temperature at 23-27℃, and salinity at 15-25%. Observe frequently and change the water in a timely manner. Use potassium persulfate bottom conditioner tablets once a month to improve water quality. Sprinkle the entire pond at a rate of 6 kg / mu. Each aquaculture pond should be equipped with a 2.2 kW bottom aerator. When the weather is sunny, run the aerator for 3 hours at noon and 6 hours at night. If there is continuous rainy weather or severe weather, increase the running time.
[0092] S5. Harvesting: The breeding cycle is 10 months, and the fish are harvested and sold.
[0093] Comparative Example 5
[0094] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that step S3 is omitted, and the fish are cultured separately, while the other steps remain unchanged.
[0095] A method for multi-level ecological polyculture of *Bellamya aegyptiaca*, comprising the following steps:
[0096] S1. Pond Treatment: Select a 5-mu (approximately 0.33 hectares) rectangular pond oriented east-west with a flat bottom and complete inlet and drainage facilities. Pump out excess water from the bottom of the pond, remove silt, and allow the pond to dry in the sun. 25 days before stocking the fry, apply 70-80 kg / mu of quicklime or 20-25 mg / L of bleaching powder dissolved in water throughout the pond. 15-20 days before stocking, fill the pond with water to a depth of 50 cm. Use a 0.3 mm mesh filter bag to cover the inlet to prevent wild fish and predators from entering the pond.
[0097] S2. Planting of aquatic plants: Select *Myriophyllum spicatum* for planting, with a planting area of 35% of the aquaculture pond area, a planting quantity of 23 kg / mu, and a row spacing of 85 cm.
[0098] S3. Selection and stocking of cichlids: The selected size is 7g / fish, and the stocking density is 600 fish / acre;
[0099] S4. Feeding: Feed 2 to 4 times a day. The daily feed amount is 5 to 10% of the total weight of the barbel fish by mass percentage. The feed consists of 20 parts ethyl maltol, 50 parts wheat germ fermentation powder, 5 parts fish oil and 10 parts emulsifier.
[0100] S5. Water quality control: Maintain dissolved oxygen at 5-8 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen at 0.1-0.5 mg / L, nitrite at 0.1-0.3 mg / L, transparency at 30-40 cm, pH at 8.0-8.4, water temperature at 23-27℃, and salinity at 15-25%. Observe frequently and change the water in a timely manner. Use potassium persulfate bottom conditioner tablets once a month to improve water quality. Sprinkle the entire pond at a rate of 6 kg / mu. Each aquaculture pond should be equipped with a 2.2 kW bottom aerator. When the weather is sunny, run the aerator for 3 hours at noon and 6 hours at night. If there is continuous rainy weather or severe weather, increase the running time.
[0101] S6. Harvesting: The breeding cycle is 10 months, and the fish are harvested and sold.
[0102] Experimental Example 1
[0103] 1.1 Test Subjects
[0104] Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5 show farmed whelks and barbels.
[0105] 1.2 Test Methods
[0106] Before harvesting, clean up the foxtail algae in the breeding pond, keep a certain water level in the pond, or drain a little water to facilitate the operation. Use a leather net to pull the cichlids to the edge of the pond and gather them together. Then use a basin to scoop the cichlids into a bucket. The entire operation is carried out with water.
[0107] Finally, drain the water from the pond and use a net to catch the whelks. Weigh the caught gudgeon and whelks; survival rate =
[0108] (Number of survivors / Total number) * 100%.
[0109] 1.3 Test Results
[0110] The results of the multi-level ecological polyculture experiment of East Wind Snail and Pestodon spp. are shown in Table 1.
[0111] Table 1. Results of the multi-level ecological polyculture experiment of *Sinocyclocheilus edulis* and *Cyprinus spp.*
[0112]
[0113]
[0114] Table 1 shows that the survival rate of *Bellamya aegypti* in Example 3 was the highest, reaching 95.2%. Compared with Comparative Example 1, the smaller planting area of *Myriophyllum spicatum* led to a decrease in the amount of food consumed by the snails, resulting in insufficient food sources and limited growth. Compared with Comparative Example 2, the larger planting area of *Myriophyllum spicatum*, while meeting the feeding needs of the snails, resulted in excessive algae growth, consuming oxygen in the pond, reducing water transparency, affecting water quality stability, and lowering the survival rate of the snails. Compared with Comparative Example 3, the increased number of snail seedlings, while the amount of food and the living area remained unchanged, led to competition among the snails for food and living space, causing some snails to die. The following observations were observed regarding mortality. Compared to Comparative Example 4, the absence of *Hemiberlesia lataniae* resulted in a lack of undigested food for the snails in the water, reducing their food source and impacting their growth. Comparative Example 5 showed a 90.65% survival rate for *Hemiberlesia lataniae*, indicating that even without *Hemiberlesia lataniae*, the methods of planting aquatic plants, feeding, and controlling water quality as described in this plan effectively improved the survival rate of *Hemiberlesia lataniae*. Secondly, Example 3, compared to Comparative Example 1, showed that *Hemiberlesia lataniae* also consumed *Myriophyllum spicatum* to meet their growth needs. Compared to Comparative Example 3, the increased number of snail larvae led to fierce competition for survival resources, resulting in a decreased survival rate for *Hemiberlesia lataniae*.
[0115] In summary, the proposed solution can effectively utilize aquatic space resources and improve feed utilization, eliminating the need for additional feed for whelks, thus saving costs while creating a suitable living environment for barbels.
[0116] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for multi-level ecological polyculture of *Bellamya aegyptiaca*, characterized in that, The method is as follows: S1. Treatment of aquaculture ponds: pump out the water from the bottom of the pond, remove silt, dry the pond, and disinfect. S2. Planting of aquatic plants: Select *Myriophyllum spicatum* for planting, with a planting area of 35% of the aquaculture pond area, a planting quantity of 23 kg / mu, and a row spacing of 85 cm. S3. Selection and stocking of snail seedlings: Select healthy individuals with a shell height of 1.2-1.7cm and 1200-1800 snails / kg. The stocking density is 25,000 snails / mu. Before stocking, the snail seedlings are disinfected with potassium permanganate bath and then evenly sown in the breeding pond. S4. Selection and stocking of cichlids: The size of the selected fish is 5~8g / fish, and the stocking density is 500~700 fish / acre; S5. Feeding: Feed 2-4 times a day, with a daily feed amount of 5-10% of the total weight of the fish by mass percentage; S6. Water quality control: Maintain dissolved oxygen at 5-8 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen at 0.1-0.5 mg / L, nitrite at 0.1-0.3 mg / L, transparency at 30-40 cm, pH at 8.0-8.4, water temperature at 23-27℃, and salinity at 15-25%. S7. Harvesting: The breeding cycle is 9-11 months, and the fish are harvested and sold.
2. The method for multi-level ecological polyculture of *Bellamya aegyptiaca* according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, healthy individuals with a shell height of 1.5cm and 1600 snails / kg are selected, and the snail seedlings are bathed in seawater with 6mg / L potassium permanganate for 6~10min.
3. The method for multi-level ecological polyculture of *Bellamya aegyptiaca* according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the selected size is 7g / tail, and the stocking density is 600 tails / acre.
4. The method for multi-level ecological polyculture of *Bellamya aegyptiaca* according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the feed consists of 20 parts ethyl maltol, 50 parts wheat germ yeast, 5 parts fish oil, and 10 parts emulsifier.
5. The method for multi-level ecological polyculture of *Bellamya aegyptiaca* according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the dissolved oxygen was 7 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen was 0.3 mg / L, nitrite was 0.2 mg / L, transparency was 35 cm, pH was 8.2, water temperature was 25℃, and salinity was 20%.
6. The method for multi-level ecological polyculture of *Bellamya aegyptiaca* according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for regulating water quality in step S6 is at least one of draining and replacing water, adding an aerator, and adding a water quality conditioner.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
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