Adaptive Directional Sandblasting Perforation Device and Method for Horizontal Wells

Abstract

This invention provides an adaptive directional jet perforation device and method for horizontal wells. The adaptive directional jet perforation device includes a directional adjuster, a direction adjustment joint, a jet gun, and a guide shoe connected in sequence. The end of the directional adjuster away from the direction adjustment joint is connected to the upper tubing tool. The direction adjustment joint is used to adjust the angle between the jet nozzle's spray direction and the reference azimuth line of the directional adjuster. Working fluid enters the directional adjuster from the upper tubing tool, causing at least a portion of the directional adjuster to move in a direction away from the upper tubing tool and rotate by a preset angle with the directional adjuster's axis as the pivot. This rotation drives the direction adjustment joint, the jet gun, and the guide shoe to rotate together by a preset angle, so that the jet nozzle reaches the preset spray direction. This invention solves the problem that precise directional jet perforation cannot be achieved in existing horizontal well technologies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas field development technology, and more specifically, to a horizontal well adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device and method. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement and development of oil and gas field development technologies, refined reservoir development methods will become an inevitable trend in the oil and gas field development industry. Along with the mature application of hydraulic jet perforation and reservoir stimulation technologies, and the demand for refined oil and gas field development, precise directional jet perforation and reservoir stimulation of horizontal wells based on reservoir physical properties will become a new technological requirement for horizontal well stimulation.

[0003] Currently, the devices and methods used for directional sandblasting perforation of horizontal wells in the field are mainly implemented by using an eccentric counterweight spray gun with an eccentric counterweight block. During operation, the spray gun is used in conjunction with the movable connecting joints at both ends and the centralizer and other supporting devices. The direction of the spray gun nozzle is achieved by the gravity of the eccentric counterweight block in the horizontal well. This process method has the following shortcomings: (1) This method relies on the eccentric gravity of the spray gun itself and the movable joint at the end for directional adjustment. During implementation, the turning force is provided by its own gravity, which is relatively small. Under the high temperature and high pressure conditions in the well, the performance is unstable; (2) This method sets an eccentric counterweight block on the spray gun. At the same time, the design and installation position of the nozzle are limited, and it cannot meet the engineering requirements of perforation in any direction in the well. There is a perforation blind zone.

[0004] As can be seen from the above, existing technologies have the problem that horizontal wells cannot achieve precise directional sandblasting perforation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide an adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device for horizontal wells, so as to solve the problem that horizontal wells cannot achieve precise directional sandblasting perforation in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, an adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device for horizontal wells is provided, comprising a directional adjuster, a direction adjustment joint, a spray gun, and a guide shoe connected in sequence. The end of the directional adjuster away from the direction adjustment joint is connected to an upper tubing tool. The direction adjustment joint is used to adjust the angle between the spray direction of the nozzle of the spray gun and the reference azimuth line of the directional adjuster. Working fluid enters the directional adjuster from the upper tubing tool, causing at least a portion of the directional adjuster to move in a direction away from the upper tubing tool and rotate by a preset angle with the axial direction of the directional adjuster as the pivot. This rotation causes the direction adjustment joint, the spray gun, and the guide shoe to rotate together by a preset angle, so that the nozzle of the spray gun reaches the preset spray direction.

[0007] Furthermore, the orientation adjuster includes: a cylinder having a hollow cavity extending axially; a first connector connected to the cylinder and the upper tubular tool; a second connector connected to the end of the track rod away from the first connector and the orientation adjustment connector; and a track rod, at least a portion of which is housed within the hollow cavity, wherein the working fluid drives the track rod to move within the hollow cavity in a direction away from the upper tubular tool and rotates by a preset angle with the orientation adjuster's axis as the pivot.

[0008] Furthermore, the orientation adjuster also includes: positioning balls, the track rod has an annular limiting groove, the positioning balls are housed in the annular limiting groove and can roll along the circumference of the track rod, the track rod has two track grooves extending symmetrically along the axial direction, the two ends of the two track grooves coincide, and the two coinciding points of the two track grooves form a radial angle of 180°; positioning retaining ring, the positioning retaining ring is set in the hollow cavity and is close to the second joint relative to the first joint, and is used to stop and limit the positioning balls, the track grooves pass through the positioning balls in sequence to make the track rod rotate.

[0009] Furthermore, the positioning retaining ring has limit holes, which penetrate the side wall of the positioning retaining ring radially. There are multiple limit holes, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the positioning retaining ring.

[0010] Furthermore, the limiting hole has an inclined angle toward the positioning ball to form an angled transition guide groove; and / or the limiting hole has a limiting protrusion on the side away from the positioning ball.

[0011] Furthermore, the track rod also has a track end limiting groove, which is located at the overlap point of the two track grooves near the first joint, and is used to stop and limit the positioning ball.

[0012] Furthermore, the directional adjuster also includes: a pressure cap, which is connected to one end of the cylinder near the second connector, and the pressure cap has a central opening to avoid the track rod; and a reset member, which has an annular boss on the track rod, and the reset member is housed in the hollow cavity, with both ends of the reset member abutting against the annular boss and the pressure cap respectively, so as to provide a reset force to the track rod to return to the initial position.

[0013] Furthermore, the horizontal well adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device also includes a seal, which is located at one end of the track rod near the first joint.

[0014] Furthermore, the direction adjustment connector includes: a connector body; an adjustment locking ring, which is sleeved on the end of the connector body near the spray gun and is used to adjust the angle between the spray direction of the spray gun nozzle and the reference azimuth line of the direction adjuster; and a locking device, which locks the position of the adjustment locking ring.

[0015] Furthermore, the horizontal well adaptive directional jet perforation device also includes a centralizer, at least one centralizer, with both ends of the at least one centralizer connected to a directional adjuster and an upper tubing tool, respectively; and / or both ends of the at least one centralizer connected to a jet gun and a guide shoe, respectively.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for adaptive directional sandblasting perforation in horizontal wells is provided. The method employs the aforementioned adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device and includes the following steps: connecting the adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device to the upper tubing tool before well entry; determining and marking the reference azimuth line of the directional controller based on the gravity high-side azimuth marker line of the wellbore circular section; adjusting the angle between the spray direction of the nozzle of the spray gun and the reference azimuth line of the directional controller using a directional adjustment joint according to reservoir geological requirements; lowering the adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device and the upper tubing tool into the well and reaching a preset position; injecting working fluid through a surface pump to move at least a portion of the directional controller away from the upper tubing tool and rotate it by a preset angle with the axial direction of the directional controller as the pivot, thereby rotating the directional adjustment joint, the spray gun, and the guide shoe together by a preset angle so that the nozzle of the spray gun reaches the preset spray direction; and performing sandblasting perforation operation through the spray gun to complete the directional sandblasting perforation.

[0017] The present invention provides an adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device for horizontal wells, comprising a directional regulator, a direction adjustment joint, a spray gun, and a guide shoe connected in sequence. The end of the directional regulator furthest from the direction adjustment joint is connected to the upper tubing tool. The direction adjustment joint is used to adjust the angle between the spray direction of the spray gun nozzle and the reference azimuth line of the directional regulator. Working fluid enters the directional regulator from the upper tubing tool, causing at least a portion of the directional regulator to move in a direction furthest from the upper tubing tool and rotate by a preset angle with the directional regulator's axis as the pivot. This rotation drives the direction adjustment joint, the spray gun, and the guide shoe to rotate by a preset angle, so that the spray gun nozzle reaches the preset spray direction. Thus, driven by the working fluid, the directional regulator drives the spray gun to rotate by a preset angle, thereby ensuring that the spray gun nozzle accurately reaches the preset spray direction, achieving precise directional sandblasting perforation in horizontal wells and solving the problem that precise directional sandblasting perforation cannot be achieved in existing technologies for horizontal wells. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a horizontal well adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention is shown; and

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the orientation adjuster in a specific embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the track rod at one angle in a specific embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the track rod at another angle is shown in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the track rod at another angle is shown in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the positioning retaining ring in a specific embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the direction adjustment joint in a specific embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 8 A flowchart of a horizontal well adaptive directional jet perforation method according to a specific embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0027] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0028] 10. Orientation adjuster; 11. Cylinder body; 12. First connector; 13. Second connector; 14. Track rod; 141. Annular limiting groove; 142. Track groove; 143. Annular boss; 144. Track end limiting groove; 15. Positioning ball; 16. Positioning retaining ring; 161. Limiting hole; 162. Angled transition guide groove; 163. Limiting protrusion; 17. Pressure cap; 18. Reset component; 19. Reference azimuth line; 20. Direction adjustment connector; 21. Connector body; 22. Adjusting locking ring; 23. Locking fastener; 30. Spray gun; 40. Guide shoe; 50. Seal; 60. Centralizer. Detailed Implementation

[0029] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0031] In this invention, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "top," and "bottom" are generally used in relation to the direction shown in the accompanying drawings, or in relation to the vertical, perpendicular, or gravitational direction of the component itself; similarly, for ease of understanding and description, "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of each component itself, but the above directional terms are not intended to limit this invention.

[0032] Obviously, the embodiments described above are merely some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a horizontal well adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device and method.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the horizontal well adaptive directional jet perforation device includes a directional adjuster 10, a direction adjustment connector 20, a jet gun 30, and a guide shoe 40 connected in sequence. The end of the directional adjuster 10 away from the direction adjustment connector 20 is connected to the upper tubing tool. The direction adjustment connector 20 is used to adjust the angle between the jet direction of the nozzle of the jet gun 30 and the reference azimuth line 19 of the directional adjuster 10. Working fluid enters the directional adjuster 10 from the upper tubing tool, causing at least a portion of the directional adjuster 10 to move in a direction away from the upper tubing tool and rotate by a preset angle around the axial direction of the directional adjuster 10. This rotation causes the direction adjustment connector 20, the jet gun 30, and the guide shoe 40 to rotate together by a preset angle, so that the nozzle of the jet gun 30 reaches the preset jet direction.

[0035] By setting up an adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device for horizontal wells, including a directional adjuster 10, a direction adjustment joint 20, a spray gun 30, and a guide shoe 40 connected in sequence, the end of the directional adjuster 10 away from the direction adjustment joint 20 is connected to the upper tubing tool. The direction adjustment joint 20 is used to adjust the angle between the spray direction of the nozzle of the spray gun 30 and the reference azimuth line 19 of the directional adjuster 10. The working fluid enters the directional adjuster 10 from the upper tubing tool, so that at least a part of the directional adjuster 10 moves in a direction away from the upper tubing tool and rotates by a preset angle with the axial direction of the directional adjuster 10 as the axis of rotation. This drives the direction adjustment joint 20, the spray gun 30, and the guide shoe 40 to rotate together by a preset angle, so that the nozzle of the spray gun 30 reaches the preset spray direction. In this way, driven by the working fluid, the directional adjuster 10 drives the spray gun 30 to rotate by a preset angle, so that the nozzle of the spray gun 30 accurately reaches the preset spray direction, thus realizing precise directional sandblasting perforation of the horizontal well.

[0036] It should be noted that the adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device for horizontal wells in this application is applied to horizontal wells, therefore although Figures 1 to 5 The devices and components shown are vertically arranged, but they are actually arranged horizontally in their actual working state.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, the orientation adjuster 10 includes a cylinder 11, a first connector 12, a second connector 13, and a track rod 14. The cylinder 11 has a hollow cavity extending axially. The first connector 12 and the second connector 13 are located at opposite ends of the cylinder 11. The first connector 12 is connected to both the cylinder 11 and the upper tubular tool. Specifically, both ends of the first connector 12 have threads, thus being threadedly connected to the cylinder 11 and the upper tubular tool, respectively. The second connector 13 is connected to the end of the track rod 14 away from the first connector 12 and to the orientation adjustment connector 20. At least a portion of the track rod 14 is housed within the hollow cavity, and another portion of the track rod 14 extends out of the hollow cavity and is connected to the orientation adjustment connector 20. The working fluid drives the track rod 14 to move within the hollow cavity in a direction away from the upper tubular tool and rotates by a preset angle with the orientation adjuster 10's axial direction as the axis of rotation.

[0038] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the end of the track rod 14 near the first connector 12 is adapted to the inner diameter of the hollow cavity of the cylinder 11, thereby achieving a sealed connection with the inner wall of the cylinder 11. Correspondingly, the other parts of the track rod 14 are spaced apart from the inner wall of the cylinder 11. Furthermore, to improve the sealing effect, the horizontal well adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device also includes a sealing element 50, which is disposed at the end of the track rod 14 near the first connector 12. Specifically, there can be multiple sealing elements 50, which are spaced apart along the axial direction of the track rod 14. Correspondingly, the end of the track rod 14 near the first connector 12 has multiple spaced annular grooves, and at least a portion of the multiple sealing elements 50 is respectively accommodated in the multiple annular grooves, thereby further improving the sealing effect. With the above settings, the working fluid is always blocked by the end face of the track rod 14 near the first connector 12 when it enters the hollow cavity, and cannot seep into the other end of the track rod 14, thus avoiding affecting the normal operation of other components in the directional adjuster 10 and ensuring the pushing effect of the working fluid on the track rod 14.

[0039] In this embodiment, the seal 50 is a rubber ring.

[0040] like Figure 2As shown, the directional adjuster 10 also includes a positioning ball 15 and a positioning retaining ring 16. The track rod 14 has an annular limiting groove 141, in which the positioning ball 15 is accommodated and can roll circumferentially along the track rod 14. Specifically, the annular limiting groove 141 and the inner wall of the cylinder 11 form a space for accommodating the positioning ball 15. When the upper tubing tool and the horizontal well adaptive directional perforation device are lowered to a predetermined position in the horizontal wellbore and come to rest, the positioning ball 15, under the influence of gravity, is located at the lowest point on the circular cross-section of the wellbore after coming to rest, in the low gravity orientation. The positioning retaining ring 16 has threads, thereby being threadedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 11.

[0041] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the track rod 14 has two track grooves 142 extending symmetrically along the axial direction. The two ends of the two track grooves 142 coincide, and the two points of coincidence between the two track grooves 142 form a radial angle of 180°. Specifically, the extension trajectories of the two track grooves 142 are both helical, therefore, the two track grooves 142 can be rotated 180° and then coincide on the other side of the outer surface of the track rod 14. A positioning retaining ring 16 is disposed within the hollow cavity and close to the second connector 13 relative to the first connector 12, used to stop and limit the positioning ball 15. The track grooves 142 pass sequentially through the positioning ball 15 to allow the track rod 14 to rotate.

[0042] In this embodiment, the rotation of the track rod 14 is achieved through the interaction of the positioning ball 15 and the track groove 142. Specifically, the coincidence point of the two track grooves 142 near the second joint 13 is axially aligned with the reference orientation line 19 of the orientation adjuster 10. Further, as... Figure 5 As shown, the track rod 14 also has a track end limiting groove 144, which is located at the overlap point of the two track grooves 142 near the first connector 12, and is used to stop and limit the positioning ball 15. That is, the radial angle between the track end limiting groove 144 and the reference orientation line 19 of the orientation adjuster 10 is 180°. When the working fluid pushes the track rod 14 forward, the positioning ball 15 also moves with the track rod 14 for a certain distance and is stopped by the positioning retaining ring 16. The track rod 14 continues to move forward, and the track grooves 142 pass through the positioning balls 15 in sequence, thereby causing the track rod 14 to rotate. Finally, the positioning ball 15 enters the track end limiting groove 144 and is stopped by the track end limiting groove 144, and the track rod 14 stops moving. At this time, the track rod 14 drives the nozzle of the spray gun 30 to rotate to the preset spray direction.

[0043] Furthermore, before the horizontal well adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device of this application is inserted into the well, it is necessary to first locate the gravity high side azimuth mark line of the wellbore circular section of the directional regulator 10 (i.e., the 0° azimuth of the horizontal wellbore circular section), which serves as the reference azimuth for adjusting the spray direction of the nozzle of the spray gun 30. The required azimuth for sandblasting perforation is determined according to the reservoir geological requirements. Using the reference azimuth as a marker, the angle between the spray direction of the nozzle of the spray gun 30 and the reference azimuth (0° azimuth) is adjusted to conform to the design azimuth. Simultaneously, because the radial angle between the track end limiting groove 144 and the reference azimuth line 19 of the directional regulator 10 is 180°, after rotation, the reference azimuth line 19 of the directional regulator 10 rotates to the 0° azimuth of the horizontal wellbore circular section. Since the angle between the spray direction of the nozzle of the spray gun 30 and the reference azimuth line 19 of the directional adjuster 10 has been adjusted by the directional adjustment joint 20 to meet the perforation azimuth requirements proposed by the reservoir geology, after the rotation direction adjustment is completed by the directional adjuster 10, the spray direction of the nozzle of the spray gun 30 is the sandblasting perforation azimuth required by the reservoir geology.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the directional adjuster 10 also includes a pressure cap 17 and a reset member 18. The pressure cap 17 is connected to the end of the cylinder 11 near the second connector 13, and the pressure cap 17 has a central opening to avoid the track rod 14. The track rod 14 is provided with an annular boss 143, and the reset member 18 is housed in the hollow cavity, with both ends of the reset member 18 abutting against the annular boss 143 and the pressure cap 17 respectively, to provide a reset force to the track rod 14 to return it to its initial position. Specifically, the initial position is the position where the track rod 14 has not moved, at which time the working fluid has not entered the hollow cavity to push the track rod 14 to move. When the working fluid pushes the track rod 14 forward, the positioning ball 15 also moves a certain distance with the track rod 14 and is then stopped by the positioning retaining ring 16. As the track rod 14 continues to move forward, the reset member 18 is gradually compressed. After the spray gun 30 completes the sandblasting perforation, the working fluid pumping stops. At this time, the track rod 14, driven by the reset member 18, moves and rotates in the opposite direction near the first joint 12, thus returning to its initial position. This allows the horizontal well adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device to move to the next sandblasting perforation location and restart the directional sandblasting perforation, thereby enabling multiple directional sandblasting perforations to be performed with a single well entry, greatly improving work efficiency.

[0045] In this embodiment, to simplify the structure, the side wall of the annular boss 143 near the pressure cover 17 is used to abut against the reset member 18, and the other side of the annular boss 143 serves as one side wall of the annular limiting groove 141.

[0046] In this embodiment, the reset element 18 is a spring.

[0047] like Figure 6As shown, the positioning retaining ring 16 has limiting holes 161. The limiting holes 161 penetrate the sidewall of the positioning retaining ring 16 radially. There are multiple limiting holes 161, which are spaced apart circumferentially along the positioning retaining ring 16, that is, the positioning retaining ring 16 has an annular perforated structure. When the working fluid pushes the track rod 14 forward, the positioning ball 15 also moves a certain distance with the track rod 14 and enters the limiting hole 161 located at the lower gravity side of the wellbore's circular cross-section, thus being limited and stopped.

[0048] like Figure 6 As shown, the limiting hole 161 has an inclined angle toward the positioning ball 15 to form an angled transition guide groove 162. This facilitates the rolling of the positioning ball 15 into or out of the hole. On the other hand, the limiting hole 161 has a limiting protrusion 163 on the side away from the positioning ball 15, thereby restricting the positional movement of the positioning ball 15.

[0049] like Figure 7 As shown, the direction adjustment connector 20 includes a connector body 21, an adjusting locking ring 22, and a locking fastener 23. The adjusting locking ring 22 is sleeved on the end of the connector body 21 near the spray gun 30 and is used to adjust the angle between the spray direction of the nozzle of the spray gun 30 and the reference azimuth line 19 of the direction adjuster 10. The locking fastener 23 locks the adjusting locking ring 22 in place.

[0050] In this embodiment, both ends of the connector body 21 have threads, and the adjusting locking ring 22 is threadedly connected to the end of the connector body 21 near the spray gun 30. After the adjusting locking ring 22 is fitted onto the end of the connector body 21 near the spray gun 30, the spray gun 30 is then threadedly connected to the connector body 21. By adjusting the position of the threads, the thread fastening position between the spray gun 30 and the connector body 21 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the orientation of the nozzle of the spray gun 30, achieving the purpose of adjusting the angle between the spray direction of the nozzle of the spray gun 30 and the reference azimuth line 19 of the orientation adjuster 10. Furthermore, the locking fastener 23 is a set screw. After the threads of the spray gun 30 and the connector body 21 are fastened, the set screw is tightened to lock the position of the adjusting locking ring 22, ensuring that the angle between the spray direction of the nozzle of the spray gun 30 and the reference azimuth line 19 of the orientation adjuster 10 does not change.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the horizontal well adaptive directional perforation device also includes a centralizer 60, and there is at least one centralizer 60. The function of the centralizer 60 is to keep the horizontal well adaptive directional perforation device properly centered.

[0052] In this embodiment, there are two centralizers 60. One centralizer 60 is connected at both ends to the directional adjuster 10 and the upper tubing tool, respectively, and the other centralizer 60 is connected at both ends to the spray gun 30 and the guide shoe 40, respectively. Of course, there can be more than two centralizers 60, which can be installed in other parts of the horizontal well adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device to further improve the centralizing effect.

[0053] like Figure 8 As shown, this application also provides a horizontal well adaptive directional jet perforation method. The method employs the aforementioned horizontal well adaptive directional jet perforation device and includes: connecting the horizontal well adaptive directional jet perforation device to the upper tubing tool before well entry; determining and marking the reference azimuth line 19 of the directional controller 10 based on the gravity high side azimuth mark line of the wellbore circular section; and adjusting the spray direction of the nozzle of the jet gun 30 according to the reservoir geological requirements via the direction adjustment joint 20. The included angle between the reference azimuth lines 19 of the directional regulator 10; the horizontal well adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device and the upper tubing tool are lowered into the well and reach the preset position; working fluid is pumped in from the surface to move at least a portion of the directional regulator 10 away from the upper tubing tool and rotate it by a preset angle with the axial direction of the directional regulator 10 as the pivot, and drive the directional adjustment joint 20, the spray gun 30 and the guide shoe 40 to rotate together by a preset angle so that the nozzle of the spray gun 30 reaches the preset spray direction; the sandblasting perforation operation is performed by the spray gun 30 to complete the directional sandblasting perforation.

[0054] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

[0055] (1) The orientation is more reliable. The orientation adjuster uses the gravity sensing principle to control the orientation adjustment, and the orientation control is precise. The high-pressure working fluid pumped from the ground provides the rotation and steering force, and the rotation and steering force is large, making the orientation adjustment more reliable.

[0056] (2) Sandblasting perforation can be carried out at any position inside the horizontal wellbore;

[0057] (3) The starting and resetting of the directional regulator are controlled by the high-pressure working fluid pumped from the ground. Multiple directional sandblasting and perforation can be carried out in one well, which is highly efficient.

[0058] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0059] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0060] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A horizontal well adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device, characterized in that, The assembly includes a directional adjuster (10), a direction adjustment connector (20), a spray gun (30), and a guide shoe (40) connected in sequence. The end of the directional adjuster (10) away from the direction adjustment connector (20) is connected to an upper tubular tool. The direction adjustment connector (20) is used to adjust the angle between the spray direction of the nozzle of the spray gun (30) and the reference azimuth line (19) of the directional adjuster (10). The working fluid enters the directional adjuster (10) from the upper tubular tool, so that at least a part of the directional adjuster (10) moves in a direction away from the upper tubular tool and rotates by a preset angle with the axial direction of the directional adjuster (10) as the axis of rotation. This causes the direction adjustment connector (20), the spray gun (30), and the guide shoe (40) to rotate together by the preset angle so that the nozzle of the spray gun (30) reaches the preset spray direction. The orientation adjuster (10) includes: The cylindrical body (11) has a hollow cavity extending through the axial direction; The first connector (12) is connected to the cylinder (11) and the upper tubular tool respectively; The second connector (13) is connected to the end of the track rod (14) away from the first connector (12) and the direction adjustment connector (20), respectively; Track rod (14), at least a portion of which is housed within the hollow cavity; Positioning ball (15), the track rod (14) has an annular limiting groove (141), the positioning ball (15) is housed in the annular limiting groove (141) and can roll along the circumference of the track rod (14), the track rod (14) has two track grooves (142) extending symmetrically along the axial direction, the two ends of the two track grooves (142) coincide, and the two coincident points of the two track grooves (142) form a radial angle of 180°; The positioning retaining ring (16) is disposed in the hollow cavity and close to the second joint (13) relative to the first joint (12) to stop and limit the positioning ball (15). The track groove (142) passes through the positioning ball (15) in sequence to make the track rod (14) rotate.

2. The adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device for horizontal wells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working fluid drives the track rod (14) to move in the hollow cavity in a direction away from the upper tubular tool and rotates by the preset angle with the axis of the orientation adjuster (10) as the pivot.

3. The horizontal well adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning retaining ring (16) has a limiting hole (161) which penetrates the side wall of the positioning retaining ring (16) radially. There are multiple limiting holes (161), which are spaced apart circumferentially along the positioning retaining ring (16).

4. The horizontal well adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The limiting hole (161) has an inclined angle toward the positioning ball (15) to form an angled transition guide groove (162); and / or The limiting hole (161) has a limiting protrusion (163) on the side away from the positioning ball (15).

5. The horizontal well adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The track rod (14) also has a track end limiting groove (144), which is located at the overlapping point of the two track grooves (142) near the first joint (12) and is used to stop and limit the positioning ball (15).

6. The horizontal well adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The orientation adjuster (10) further includes: A pressure cap (17) is connected to one end of the cylinder (11) near the second connector (13), and the pressure cap (17) has a central opening to avoid the track rod (14); The reset member (18) is provided with an annular boss (143) on the track rod (14). The reset member (18) is housed in the hollow cavity, and the two ends of the reset member (18) abut against the annular boss (143) and the pressure cap (17) respectively, so as to provide the track rod (14) with a reset force to return to the initial position.

7. The adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device for horizontal wells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal well adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device also includes a seal (50), which is disposed at one end of the track rod (14) near the first joint (12).

8. The horizontal well adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The directional adjustment joint (20) includes: Connector body (21); Adjusting locking ring (22), the adjusting locking ring (22) is sleeved on one end of the connector body (21) near the spray gun (30), and is used to adjust the angle between the spray direction of the nozzle of the spray gun (30) and the reference azimuth line (19) of the directional adjuster (10); The locking device (23) locks the position of the adjusting locking ring (22).

9. The horizontal well adaptive directional jet perforation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The horizontal well adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device also includes a centralizer (60), wherein there is at least one centralizer (60). At least one of the centralizers (60) is connected at both ends to the orientation adjuster (10) and the upper tubular tool, respectively; and / or At least one of the straighteners (60) is connected at both ends to the spray gun (30) and the guide shoe (40), respectively.

10. A method for adaptive directional jet perforation in horizontal wells, characterized in that, The adaptive directional jet perforation method for horizontal wells is implemented using the horizontal well adaptive directional jet perforation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the horizontal well adaptive directional jet perforation method comprises: Before entering the well, connect the horizontal well adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device to the upper tubing tool; Based on the gravity high side azimuth mark line of the wellbore circular section of the directional regulator (10), determine and mark the reference azimuth line (19) of the directional regulator (10). According to the reservoir geological requirements, the angle between the spray direction of the nozzle of the spray gun (30) and the reference azimuth line (19) of the directional adjuster (10) is adjusted by the directional adjustment joint (20); The horizontal well adaptive directional sandblasting perforation device and the upper tubing string tool are lowered into the well and reach the preset position; The working fluid is pumped into the ground to move at least a portion of the orientation adjuster (10) away from the upper tubular tool and rotate the preset angle with the axis of the orientation adjuster (10) as the pivot. This causes the orientation adjustment connector (20), the spray gun (30) and the guide shoe (40) to rotate together by the preset angle so that the nozzle of the spray gun (30) reaches the preset spray direction. The sandblasting operation is performed by the spray gun (30) to complete the directional sandblasting.

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