A method for online measurement of multi-azimuth calibration simulation verification and simulation model

Abstract

This invention discloses an online measurement multi-directional calibration simulation verification method and simulation model, belonging to the field of online measurement technology for five-axis CNC machine tools. The simulation model includes a square base with columns around its perimeter, all four columns being of equal height. A mounting base is located in the center of the base, and the mounting base has X-axis coordinates distributed in the coordinate system. + X ‑ Y + Y ‑ Z + Five standard spheres in five directions, the projections of the standard spheres onto the spindle Z-axis coincide with the X and Y axes of the machine tool coordinate system, respectively. + Align the standard sphere with the principal axis, X + X ‑ Y + Y ‑ The standard ball and Z + The included angle of the standard ball is i Each of the four pillars has a process hole, and the line connecting the four process holes forms a rectangle. This invention also proposes an online measurement multi-directional calibration simulation verification method based on a simulation model, which can accurately identify the correctness of the calibration process, calibration procedure, and probe specifications used in advance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of online measurement technology for five-axis CNC machine tools, specifically relating to a method and simulation model for online measurement multi-directional calibration simulation verification. Background Technology

[0002] As the requirements for the quality and precision of parts processing become increasingly stringent, it is necessary to perform online measurements on parts during or before processing. In order to obtain more accurate measurement results, it is necessary to calibrate the corresponding angles for different swing angles. The accuracy of the calibration directly affects the reliability of the subsequent measurement results.

[0003] Current angle calibration processes typically involve manual observation and measurement for anomalies. Based on the measurement results, the correctness of the probe specifications and calibration process is determined through experience. The lack of calibration process simulation makes it impossible to accurately identify the correctness of the calibration process, procedures, and probe specifications in advance. Of course, accurately verifying the correctness of the simulated probe specifications, calibration procedures, and calibration process is a technical problem that this field currently seeks to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a simulation verification method for online measurement of multi-directional calibration, which can quickly and accurately simulate the multi-directional angle calibration process to solve the aforementioned technical problems.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A simulation model for online measurement and multi-directional calibration includes a square base with columns around its perimeter, all of uniform height. A mounting base is located in the center of the base, and X-axis coordinates are distributed on the mounting base within the coordinate system. + X - Y + Y - Z + Five standard spheres in five directions, the projections of the standard spheres onto the spindle Z-axis coincide with the X and Y axes of the machine tool coordinate system, respectively. + Align the standard sphere with the principal axis, X + X - Y + Y - The standard ball and Z + The included angle of the standard ball is i Each of the four columns has a process hole, and the line connecting the four process holes forms a rectangle. The columns and process holes are used for quick leveling and alignment online measurement. The reference planes on the four columns and the process holes are used to measure the corresponding positions and verify the correctness of the angle calibration after calibration.

[0007] Furthermore, the depth of the process hole is greater than 15mm; the column is located outside the standard sphere.

[0008] Furthermore, the X of the simulation model + X - Y + Y - The standard sphere of direction and Z + Angle of direction i The following relation is satisfied: ( D r + The ) / D t ,in, D r The diameter of the standard ball connecting rod. D t The diameter of the ruby ​​probe. The The diameter is the standard sphere diameter.

[0009] A simulation verification method for online measurement multi-directional calibration includes the following steps:

[0010] S1. Establish the simulation model for the above-mentioned online measurement;

[0011] S2. Import the simulation model into the simulation environment;

[0012] S3. Configure the simulation environment as required;

[0013] S4. Assign the positions of the five standard spherical coordinate origins;

[0014] S5. Run the calibration simulation program for different swing angles;

[0015] S6. Adjust the standard ball in the corresponding direction used in the calibration program for different swing angles according to the simulation process;

[0016] S7. Perform calibration measurement program simulation and output simulation results;

[0017] S8. Measure the reference plane and hole positions, verify the calibration results, and the calibration is complete.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S3, the method for establishing the simulation environment is as follows:

[0019] A. Place the standard ball in a position where it will not collide or interfere with the parts, tooling, and machine tool;

[0020] B. In the simulation environment, based on the actual dimensions of the actual placement location, quickly locate and align the model position using the columns and process holes of the simulation model to ensure consistency with the actual placement location;

[0021] C. Then turn on the machine tool's overtravel and collision switches to check the collision situation of the simulation probe during measurement.

[0022] Furthermore, in step C, to eliminate the detection error caused by the trigger distance delay when the probe is actually triggered, the diameter of the probe rod model is designed to be... Yes +0.3mm, Yes This refers to the diameter of the probe used to connect the ruby ​​probe.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S4, the position of the calibration ball is matched according to the origin address in the calibration program, that is, BALL-X respectively. + The origin address corresponds to X + To standard ball, BALL-X - The origin address corresponds to X - To standard ball, BALL-Y + Origin address corresponds to Y + To standard ball, BALL-Y - Origin address corresponds to Y - To standard ball, BALL-Z + The origin address corresponds to Z + Towards the standard ball.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S6, during the calibration program simulation, the corresponding standard ball in the simulation model is selected according to the different calibration angles at different positions. When a collision alarm occurs during the simulation process, it indicates that the calibration program is used incorrectly, and the angle information of the collision is output. The origin address of the calibration program is then readjusted according to the collision angle.

[0025] Furthermore, in step S6, the selection of the standard ball follows the following classification principles:

[0026] When the calibrated angle A≤ i C0°~C360°, using Z + Calibrate to the standard ball;

[0027] When the calibrated angle is A> i When the angle is C315°~C45°, select X. - Calibrate to the standard ball.

[0028] When the calibration angle A > i When C45°~C135°, choose Y. + Calibrate to the standard ball;

[0029] When the calibration angle A > i C135°~C225°, select X + Calibrate to the standard ball;

[0030] When the calibration angle A > i Choose Y for C225°~C315° - Calibrate to the standard ball.

[0031] Furthermore, during the simulation environment setup, different standard spheres are assigned origin addresses. The program to be simulated ensures a one-to-one correspondence between the calibration angle and the origin address used for calibration. When a collision alarm occurs during the simulation, the system determines whether the calibration origin address needs to be adjusted based on the alarm information. If the probe ruby ​​collides with the standard sphere during the simulation, it indicates an error in probe usage or program development. If the probe rod collides with the standard sphere, the program origin address needs to be adjusted and the simulation repeated until there are no collision alarms during the simulation.

[0032] Furthermore, in step S8, the reference plane and hole position are measured. The same measurement point of the reference plane and hole position in the simulation model is measured at different angles. If the results of the multi-angle measurement are consistent and the deviation of the measurement result is <0.01mm, the angle calibration result is judged to be correct and valid. Otherwise, the calibrated angle is invalid and the multi-angle calibration simulation needs to be repeated.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0034] I. This invention proposes a simulation model for online measurement and multi-directional calibration. This simulation model provides an accurate simulation model for online measurement and calibration simulation. The correctness of the calibration program is verified by the position of the standard ball in different directions in the simulation model.

[0035] Second, in the simulation model proposed in this invention, standard spheres installed in different directions can be used to verify the correctness of the probe specifications and calibration results based on the output results after calibration.

[0036] Third, in this solution, the correct position of the simulation model can be quickly set and matched through the four pillars and process holes in the simulation model, thereby improving the speed of overlap between the simulation position and the actual position. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a simulation model for online measurement and multi-directional calibration.

[0038] Figure 2 This is the main view of the online measurement multi-directional calibration simulation.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a top view of the online measurement multi-directional calibration simulation process.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating the selection of different standard balls based on the C-pendulum.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the online measurement multi-directional calibration simulation verification method of the present invention.

[0042] Among them, 1. base; 2. mounting base; 3. standard ball; 4. column; 5. process hole. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0044] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] This embodiment is the most basic implementation method, featuring a simulation model for online measurement and multi-directional calibration. It belongs to the field of online measurement technology for five-axis CNC machine tools. (Reference...) Figure 1 The simulation model includes a square base with columns around it, all of the same height. A mounting base is located in the center of the base, and X-axis coordinates are distributed on the mounting base. + X - Y + Y - Z + Five standard spheres in five directions, the projections of the standard spheres onto the spindle Z-axis coincide with the X and Y axes of the machine tool coordinate system, respectively. + Align the standard sphere with the principal axis, X + X - Y + Y - The standard ball and Z + The included angle of the standard ball is i Each of the four columns has a process hole, and the line connecting the four process holes forms a rectangle. The columns and process holes are used for quick leveling and alignment online measurement. The reference planes on the four columns and the process holes are used to measure the corresponding positions and verify the correctness of the angle calibration after calibration.

[0047] The method of using this simulation model includes the following steps:

[0048] S1. Establish and create the above simulation model;

[0049] When using the same standard ball at the same installation position for calibration at multiple angles, the different angles A and C will cause the standard ball to collide and interfere with the probe, making it impossible to meet the requirement of simultaneous multi-angle calibration with a single standard ball. For multi-angle calibration, standard balls with different orientations need to be installed to meet the calibration requirements. To accurately determine the installation position and orientation of the standard ball corresponding to multi-angle calibration, taking a large gantry milling machine with a maximum A-axis swing angle of ±105° and a standard ball installation angle with the X and Y axes of ±105° / 2 = ±52.5° as an example, the installation angle of the calibration ball is adjusted according to the maximum A-axis swing angle of the machine tool and θ ≤ maximum A-axis swing angle / 2. The projections of the multi-angle standard balls on the spindle Z-axis coincide with the X and Y axes of the machine tool and face the negative X-axis, positive X-axis, positive Y-axis, and negative Y-axis, respectively, with angles of ±105° / 2 with the X and Y axes. i The central standard sphere coincides with the Z-axis. Simultaneous installation of five standard spheres fully satisfies the requirements for multi-angle batch calibration, accurately simulating the entire on-site calibration process and providing results analysis to determine the correctness of the probe specifications and calibration procedure.

[0050] S2. Import the simulation model into the simulation environment;

[0051] S3. Configure the simulation environment as required;

[0052] S4. Assign the positions of the five standard spherical coordinate origins;

[0053] S5. Run the calibration simulation program for different swing angles;

[0054] S6. Adjust the standard ball in the corresponding direction used in the calibration program for different swing angles according to the simulation process;

[0055] S7. Perform calibration measurement program simulation and output simulation results;

[0056] S8. Measure the reference plane where the column is located and the position of the process hole. Use different angles to measure the same measurement point of the reference plane and the hole position in the simulation model. If the results of the multi-angle measurements are consistent, the angle calibration result is considered correct and valid. Otherwise, the calibrated angle is invalid and the multi-angle calibration simulation needs to be performed again to verify the calibration result. The calibration ends.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] This embodiment is a preferred implementation method. Taking a preferred simulation model for online measurement and multi-directional calibration as an example, this solution is further illustrated.

[0059] The simulation models involved are referenced in the appendix. Figure 1-3The simulation model's specific structure includes a square base, four columns of equal height around the base, and a mounting base in the center of the base. The mounting base has X-axis coordinates distributed in the coordinate system. + X - Y + Y - Z + Five standard spheres in five directions, the projections of the standard spheres onto the spindle Z-axis coincide with the X and Y axes of the machine tool coordinate system, respectively. + Align the standard sphere with the principal axis, X + X - Y + Y - The standard ball and Z + The included angle of the standard ball is i That is, the angle at each position is Z. + The direction is the direction coinciding with the axis of the main spindle and 0°, X + The angle between the standard sphere and the axis of the principal axis is... i X - The angle between the standard sphere and the axis of the principal axis is... i Y + The angle between the standard sphere and the axis of the principal axis is... i Y - The angle between the standard sphere and the axis of the principal axis is... i The X of the simulation model + X - Y + Y - The standard sphere of direction and Z + Angle of direction i The following relation is satisfied: cot =( D r + The ) / D t ,in, D r The diameter of the standard ball connecting rod. D t The diameter of the ruby ​​probe. The The diameter is the standard sphere diameter.

[0060] In this embodiment, the four columns are at the same height, used for rapid leveling and alignment of the multi-directional calibration simulation model measured online, ensuring consistency with the processing state. (Reference) Figure 1 The aforementioned four pillars and 4- fThe 10H7 process hole is surrounded by four evenly spaced pillars at the top corners of the base, all at the same height. The line connecting the process holes of the four pillars forms a rectangle, and the depth of the process hole is greater than 15mm. The pillars are all located on the outer side of the standard sphere. This is a multi-directional calibration simulation model used for rapid leveling and alignment online measurement.

[0061] Based on the above-mentioned simulation verification method for online measurement multi-directional calibration, the online measurement multi-directional calibration simulation verification method includes the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: Establish a simulation model for online measurement as described above.

[0063] Step 2: Import the simulation model into the simulation environment.

[0064] Step 3: Configure the simulation environment as required.

[0065] The method for establishing the simulation environment is as follows:

[0066] A. Place the standard ball in a position where it will not collide or interfere with the parts, tooling, and machine tool;

[0067] B. In the simulation environment, based on the actual dimensions of the actual placement location, quickly locate and align the model position using the columns and process holes of the simulation model to ensure consistency with the actual placement location;

[0068] C. Next, turn on the machine tool's overtravel and collision switches to check the collision situation of the simulation probe during measurement. Furthermore, to eliminate the detection error caused by the trigger distance delay during actual probe triggering, the diameter of the probe's measuring rod model is designed to be... Yes +0.3mm, Yes This refers to the diameter of the probe used to connect the ruby ​​probe.

[0069] Step 4: Assign the five standard spherical coordinate origin positions.

[0070] refer to Figure 3 The calibration ball positions are matched according to the origin address in the calibration program, which are BALL-X respectively. + The origin address corresponds to X + To the standard ball (②), BALL-X - The origin address corresponds to X - To the standard ball (④), BALL-Y + Origin address corresponds to Y + To the standard ball (①), BALL-Y - Origin address corresponds to Y - To the standard ball (③), BALL-Z + The origin address corresponds to Z + To the standard ball (⑤).

[0071] Step 5: Run the simulation program for calibrating different swing angles;

[0072] Step 6: Adjust the standard ball in the corresponding direction used in the calibration program for different swing angles according to the simulation process.

[0073] During the calibration program simulation, the corresponding standard ball in the simulation model is selected according to the different calibration angles at different positions. When a collision alarm occurs during the simulation process, it indicates that the calibration program is used incorrectly, and the angle information of the collision is output. The origin address of the calibration program is then readjusted according to the collision angle.

[0074] In this step, refer to Figure 4 The selection of standard balls follows the following classification principles:

[0075] When the calibrated angle A≤ i C0°~C360°, using Z + Calibrate to the standard ball;

[0076] When the calibrated angle is A> i When the angle is C315°~C45°, select X. - Calibrate to the standard ball.

[0077] When the calibration angle A > i When C45°~C135°, choose Y. + Calibrate to the standard ball;

[0078] When the calibration angle A > i C135°~C225°, select X + Calibrate to the standard ball;

[0079] When the calibration angle A > i Choose Y for C225°~C315° - Calibrate to the standard ball.

[0080] During simulation environment setup, different standard spheres are assigned origin addresses. The simulation program must ensure a one-to-one correspondence between the calibration angle and the origin address used for calibration. If a collision alarm occurs during simulation, the system determines whether the calibration origin address needs adjustment based on the alarm information. If the probe ruby ​​collides with the standard sphere during simulation, it indicates an error in probe usage or program development. If the probe probe rod collides with the standard sphere, the program origin address needs to be adjusted and the simulation repeated until no collision alarms occur during simulation.

[0081] Step 7: Perform calibration measurement program simulation and output simulation results.

[0082] Step 8: Measure the reference plane and hole positions, verify the calibration results, and the calibration is complete.

[0083] In this step, the reference plane and hole position are measured. The same measurement point of the reference plane and hole position in the simulation model is measured from different angles. If the results of the multi-angle measurements are consistent and the deviation of the measurement results is <0.01mm, the angle calibration result is judged to be correct and valid. Otherwise, the calibrated angle is invalid and the multi-angle calibration simulation needs to be repeated.

[0084] As can be seen from the above, by adopting the technical solution in this application, in the actual online measurement process, by establishing the multi-directional calibration simulation model of the online measurement and importing the model into the simulation environment for program simulation, on the one hand, it is convenient for process technicians to quickly match the correct position of the multi-directional calibration simulation model of the online measurement, and to quickly and intuitively verify the correctness of the multi-angle calibration program in allocating the position of the standard ball; on the other hand, the simulation results can verify the correctness of the use of the probe, standard ball and calibration program, thus overcoming the technical difficulty of online measurement without a simulation process.

[0085] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation model for online measurement and multi-directional calibration, characterized in that: It includes a square base, around which are four columns of equal height. A mounting base is located in the center of the base, and the mounting base has X-coordinates distributed in the coordinate system. + X - Y + Y - Z + Five standard spheres in five directions, the projections of the standard spheres onto the spindle Z-axis coincide with the X and Y axes of the machine tool coordinate system, respectively. + Align the standard sphere with the principal axis, X + X - Y + Y - The standard ball and Z + The included angle of the standard ball is θ Each of the four columns has a process hole, and the line connecting the four process holes forms a rectangle. The columns and process holes are used for quick leveling and alignment online measurement. The reference plane and process holes on the four columns are used to measure the corresponding positions and verify the correctness of the angle calibration after calibration. The simulation model's X + X - Y + Y - The standard sphere of direction and Z + Angle of direction θ The following relation is satisfied: cotθ =( D r + De ) / D t ,in, D r The diameter of the standard ball connecting rod. D t The diameter of the ruby ​​probe. De The diameter is the standard sphere diameter.

2. The simulation model for online measurement and multi-directional calibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the process hole is greater than 15mm; the column is located outside the standard sphere.

3. A simulation verification method for online measurement multi-directional calibration, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Establish a simulation model for online measurement as described in claim 1; S2. Import the simulation model into the simulation environment; S3. Configure the simulation environment as required; S4. Assign the positions of the five standard spherical coordinate origins; S5. Run the calibration simulation program for different swing angles; S6. Adjust the standard ball used in the calibration program for different swing angles according to the simulation process; the selection of the standard ball follows the following classification principles: When the calibrated angle A≤ θ C0°~C360°, using Z + Calibrate to the standard ball; When the calibrated angle is A> θ When the angle is C315°~C45°, select X. - Calibrate to the standard ball. When the calibration angle A > θ When C45°~C135°, choose Y. + Calibrate to the standard ball; When the calibration angle A > θ C135°~C225°, select X + Calibrate to the standard ball; When the calibration angle A > θ Choose Y for C225°~C315° - Calibrate to the standard ball; S7. Perform calibration measurement program simulation and output simulation results; S8. Measure the reference plane and hole positions, verify the calibration results, and the calibration is complete.

4. The method for online measurement multi-directional calibration simulation verification according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S3, the method for establishing the simulation environment is as follows: A. Place the standard ball in a position where it will not collide or interfere with the parts, tooling, and machine tool; B. In the simulation environment, based on the actual dimensions of the actual placement location, quickly locate and align the model position using the columns and process holes of the simulation model to ensure consistency with the actual placement location; C. Then turn on the machine tool's overtravel and collision switches to check the collision situation of the simulation probe during measurement.

5. The method for online measurement multi-directional calibration simulation verification according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step C, to eliminate the detection error caused by the trigger distance delay when the probe is actually triggered, the diameter of the probe rod model is designed to be... Da +0.3mm, Da This refers to the diameter of the probe used to connect the ruby ​​probe.

6. The method for online measurement multi-directional calibration simulation verification according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S4, the position of the calibration ball is matched according to the origin address in the calibration program, that is, BALL-X respectively. + The origin address corresponds to X + To standard ball, BALL-X - The origin address corresponds to X - To standard ball, BALL-Y + Origin address corresponds to Y + To standard ball, BALL-Y - Origin address corresponds to Y - To standard ball, BALL-Z + The origin address corresponds to Z + Towards the standard ball.

7. The method for online measurement multi-directional calibration simulation verification according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S6, during the calibration program simulation, the corresponding standard ball in the simulation model is selected according to the different calibration angles at different positions. When a collision alarm occurs during the simulation process, it indicates that the calibration program is used incorrectly, and the angle information of the collision is output. The origin address of the calibration program is then readjusted according to the collision angle.

8. The method for online measurement multi-directional calibration simulation verification according to claim 7, characterized in that: When setting up the simulation environment, different standard spheres are assigned origin addresses. The program to be simulated must ensure a one-to-one correspondence between the calibration angle and the origin address used for calibration. If a collision alarm occurs during the simulation, the system will determine whether the calibration origin address needs to be adjusted based on the alarm information. If the probe ruby ​​collides with the standard sphere during the simulation, it indicates an error in probe usage or program programming. If the probe probe rod collides with the standard sphere, the program origin address needs to be adjusted and the simulation repeated until there are no collision alarms during the simulation.

9. The method for online measurement multi-directional calibration simulation verification according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S8, the reference plane and hole position are measured. The same measurement point of the reference plane and hole position in the simulation model is measured from different angles. If the results of the multi-angle measurement are consistent and the deviation of the measurement result is <0.01mm, the angle calibration result is judged to be correct and valid. Otherwise, the calibrated angle is invalid and the multi-angle calibration simulation needs to be repeated.

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