A device for measuring the virulence of stomach poison of adult ground bee and a method of use

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of ground bear bee adult stomach poison's virulence determination device and use method, including upper and lower distribution's beehive, dirt collecting dish and sugar water feeder, the beehive is spliced by front panel, back panel, right panel, left panel, bottom plate and top plate.The front and top panel of the beehive of the application adopt high transparent material, facilitate observing the situation in the box during experiment;Beehive top plate and box adopt sliding connection design, can freely select beehive opening size, can effectively prevent ground bear bee escape, guarantee the safety of operator;Beehive is detachable and easy to disassemble, facilitate transportation and storage and cleaning;Beehive is designed with special sugar water feeding hole and medicament feeding hole, more convenient to feed sugar water and medicament and determine medicament consumption, save time and effort;The design of dirt collecting dish can effectively guarantee the dry and cool living environment of bee and the sanitary neatness of experimental process;Sugar water feeder side is placed with the stacking of whole beehive to save experimental space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of toxicity determination technology, and in particular to a device and method for determining the toxicity of stomach venom of adult bumblebees. Background Technology

[0002] Bumblebees are insects belonging to the genus *Bombus* in the superfamily Apoidea of ​​the order Hymenoptera. Compared to honeybees, bumblebees have advantages such as a longer proboscis, louder flight noise, stronger pollen-collecting ability, tolerance to low temperatures and high humidity, and poor phototaxis, making them recognized as the most ideal insects for greenhouse pollination. The terrestrial bumblebee (*Bombus terrestris* Linnaeus) is a species introduced to my country from countries such as the Netherlands and is the most mature bumblebee species in terms of research and commercial application globally, with wide applications in Europe, North Africa, Asia, and Australia. Bumblebee pollination technology has become a globally recognized important technique in green food production. Meanwhile, chemical pesticides remain the main technique for reducing pest and disease losses in greenhouse agriculture. However, bumblebees are highly sensitive to high-risk chemical pesticides, and commonly used insecticides are generally highly toxic to them. Research on how to use pesticides scientifically and rationally and reduce their impact on terrestrial bumblebees is gradually becoming a research hotspot.

[0003] Insecticide toxicity testing is a quantitative expression of toxicity, i.e., the degree of toxicity. Its purpose is to determine the toxicity of a particular insecticide to bumblebees or to compare the differences in toxicity between several insecticides to bumblebees. Currently, there is a lack of a simple method and apparatus for determining bumblebee toxicity. Current methods have the following main drawbacks:

[0004] 1. The device used is too large or has a fixed shape that cannot be disassembled, causing inconvenience to transportation and storage;

[0005] 2. The materials used in the apparatus do not have good transparency, making it difficult to observe and measure the mortality rate of bees and to count them during the collection process.

[0006] 3. When feeding medicine and supplementing sugar water, the beehive needs to be opened or closed violently, and the opening is usually large. The frightened bees become more active and are more likely to escape and sting the operators.

[0007] 4. The lack of a waste collection device often leads to leakage of sugar water and bee excrement, which is detrimental to laboratory hygiene and increases workload unnecessarily.

[0008] 5. The sugar water container used in the toxicity test is usually placed at the bottom of the beehive and has a large volume. This is not only not conducive to stacking and saving experimental space, but also usually requires adding a lot of sugar water before it can be transferred through the absorbent cotton for the bees to eat.

[0009] To address these issues, we propose a device and method for determining the toxicity of stomach venom from adult bumblebees. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the fixed transportation of the box and the inconvenience of adding things into the box, and to propose a device and method for measuring the toxicity of the stomach poison of adult bumblebees.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0012] A device and method for determining the toxicity of stomach venom of adult bumblebees include a beehive, a waste collection dish, and a sugar water feeder arranged vertically. The beehive is assembled from a front panel, a back panel, a right panel, a left panel, a bottom panel, and a top panel. The beehive has multiple ventilation holes. A locking strip is fixedly connected to the bottom end of each of the front, back, right, and left panels on opposite sides. The bottom panel has multiple slots that slidably engage with the locking strips at the bottom of the front, back, right, and left panels. Two first sliding grooves are symmetrically arranged on the right panel, and these two first sliding grooves are slidably connected together. The device has a first sliding cover plate, with a sugar water feeding hole below the first sliding cover plate. Two second sliding grooves are symmetrically arranged on the left panel, and the two second sliding grooves are slidably connected to the second sliding cover plate. A medicine feeding hole is provided below the second sliding cover plate. The height of the left panel is consistent with the wide strip plate fixedly connected to the front panel. A limit hole is provided on the top panel. Support stools are fixedly connected to the lower end of the waste collection dish near the four corners. A support plate is provided on the right side of the waste collection dish. A sugar water feeder is placed on the upper end of the support plate. A sugar water feeding nozzle is detachably connected to the sugar water feeder.

[0013] Preferably, a limiting strip and a limiting block are fixedly connected to the base plate, and a slot is formed between the limiting strip and the limiting block.

[0014] Preferably, two insert blocks are symmetrically fixedly connected to one side of each of the front panel, back panel, right panel, and left panel, and slots for inserting and engaging with the insert blocks are symmetrically opened on the other side of each of the front panel, back panel, right panel, and left panel.

[0015] Preferably, a first stop and a second stop are fixedly provided on the lower side of the right panel and the left panel, respectively.

[0016] Preferably, two pads are symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper ends of the front panel and the back panel.

[0017] Preferably, a wide strip and a narrow strip are fixedly connected to the upper side of the opposite ends of the front panel and the back panel.

[0018] Preferably, the slot width on the back panel is 2.1 times the thickness of the insert.

[0019] Preferably, the top plate is provided with a limiting hole and is fitted with a buckle.

[0020] Preferably, a connecting sleeve is fixedly provided on the sugar water feeder, the connecting sleeve has an internal thread, and an external thread is provided on the outer side of one end of the sugar water feeding nozzle, and the external thread is threaded with the internal thread.

[0021] A method for determining the toxicity of stomach venom from adult bumblebees, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1. Prepare six beehives, a medicine feeder 27, a sugar water feeder 22, and a waste collection dish 19;

[0023] S2, Select 60 healthy adult bumblebees of similar size and place them in 6 hives. Place the hives on the waste collection dish 19.

[0024] S3, prepare 5 concentration gradient test reagents and 1 50% sucrose water control in advance, and add 200ul to each of the 6 reagent feeders 27;

[0025] S4. After the bumblebees have been hungry for 2 hours in the hive, open the medicine feeding hole 14 of the hive and insert the medicine feeder 27 containing different concentrations of medicine into the hive to feed the bumblebees.

[0026] S5. When the medicine solution is consumed or after 6 hours of feeding, take out the medicine feeder 27 and measure the amount of medicine solution consumed, then close the medicine feeding hole 14.

[0027] S6, open the sugar water feeding hole 10, connect the sugar water feeder 22 containing an appropriate amount of sugar water solution without medicine to the beehive, and continue feeding until the end of the experiment;

[0028] S7. Six sets of devices were placed in an artificial climate chamber, and the poisoning symptoms and number of deaths of ground bumblebees were observed and recorded for 24 hours and 48 hours.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. In this invention, the beehive is made of rigid plastic board and is designed to facilitate ventilation when stacked, which can effectively save experimental space through stacking.

[0031] 2. The front and top panels of the beehive are made of highly transparent material, which facilitates the observation and measurement of bee mortality during experiments and makes it easy to count bees when collecting them.

[0032] 3. The beehives are detachable and easy to assemble and disassemble, making them convenient for transportation, storage, and cleaning.

[0033] 4. The top plate of the beehive is connected to the body by a sliding design, which allows for free selection of the opening size of the beehive, effectively preventing bumblebees from escaping and ensuring the safety of operators.

[0034] 5. The beehive is designed with dedicated medicine feeding holes and sugar water feeding holes, which can be removed at any time without opening the beehive. This makes it easier to measure the amount of medicine consumed and add sugar water, saving time and effort. At the same time, it can effectively reduce disturbance and impact on the bees, effectively prevent bees from escaping, and ensure the safety of operators.

[0035] 6. The design of the waste collection dish can effectively ensure a dry living environment for the bees and a hygienic and clean experimental process.

[0036] 7. Placing the sugar water box on the side facilitates the stacking of the entire beehive, saving experimental space. At the same time, the small volume makes it easier to wet the absorbent cotton, thus better feeding the bee colony. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the beehive in the device for determining the toxicity of stomach venom of adult bumblebees proposed in this invention.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a frontal view of the beehive structure in the device for determining the toxicity of adult bumblebee stomach venom proposed in this invention.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front side view of the beehive in the device for determining the toxicity of adult bumblebee stomach venom proposed in this invention.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the beehive in the device for determining the toxicity of stomach venom of adult bumblebees proposed in this invention.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the right side of the beehive in the device for determining the toxicity of stomach venom of adult bumblebees proposed in this invention.

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the left side of the beehive in the device for determining the toxicity of adult bumblebee stomach venom proposed in this invention.

[0043] Figure 7 This is a top view of the bottom surface of the beehive in the device for determining the toxicity of stomach venom of adult bumblebees proposed in this invention.

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional view of the bottom surface of the beehive in the device for determining the toxicity of stomach venom of adult bumblebees proposed in this invention.

[0045] Figure 9This is a top view of the sludge tank in the device for determining the toxicity of adult bumblebee stomach venom proposed in this invention.

[0046] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the right-hand side of the sludge tank in the device for determining the toxicity of adult bumblebee stomach venom proposed in this invention.

[0047] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the sugar water feeder in the toxicity determination device for the stomach venom of adult bumblebees proposed in this invention;

[0048] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the sugar water feeder and the sugar water feeding mouthpiece in the toxicity determination device for the stomach venom of adult bumblebees proposed in this invention.

[0049] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the agent feeder in the device for determining the toxicity of adult bumblebee stomach venom proposed in this invention;

[0050] Figure 14 This is a top view of the sliding cover of the beehive and a structural diagram of the matching buckle in the device for determining the toxicity of stomach venom of adult bumblebees proposed in this invention.

[0051] In the diagram: 1a Front panel, 1b Back panel, 1c Right panel, 1d Left panel, 1e Bottom plate, 1f Top plate, 2 Limiting strip, 3 Limiting block, 4 Slot, 5 Ventilation hole, 6 Insert block, 7 Slot, 8 First sliding groove, 9 First sliding cover plate, 10 Sugar water feeding hole, 11 First stop block, 12 Second sliding groove, 13 Second sliding cover plate, 14 Medicine feeding hole, 15 Second stop block, 16 Pad block, 17 Wide strip plate, 18 Narrow strip plate, 19 Waste collection dish, 20 Support stool, 21 Bearing plate, 22 Sugar water feeder, 23 Connecting sleeve, 24 Internal thread, 25 Sugar water feeding nozzle, 26 External thread, 27 Medicine feeder, 28 Limiting hole, 29 Buckle, 30 Locking strip. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0053] Reference Figures 1-14 A device for determining the toxicity of stomach venom of adult bumblebees and its method of use, comprising a beehive, a waste collection dish 19 and a sugar water feeder 22 distributed vertically, wherein the beehive is made of rigid plastic board.

[0054] The beehive is composed of a front panel 1a, a back panel 1b, a right panel 1c, a left panel 1d, a bottom panel 1e, and a top panel 1f. The front panel 1a and the top panel 1f of the beehive are made of highly transparent material for easy observation.

[0055] The beehive has multiple ventilation holes 5, and the bottom plate 1e has multiple slots 4 consisting of limiting strips 2 and limiting blocks 3. The multiple slots 4 are slidably embedded and connected to the card strips 30 adapted to the lower end of the front panel 1a, back panel 1b, right panel 1c, and left panel 1d, respectively, which facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the beehive.

[0056] Two insert blocks 6 are symmetrically fixedly connected to one side of the front panel 1a, back panel 1b, right panel 1c, and left panel 1d. The other side of the front panel 1a, back panel 1b, right panel 1c, and left panel 1d are symmetrically provided with slots 7 that engage with the insert blocks 6, making the beehive structure more stable after assembly.

[0057] Two first sliding grooves 8 are symmetrically arranged on the right panel 1c. The two first sliding grooves 8 are slidably connected to a first sliding cover plate 9. A sugar water feeding hole 10 is provided below the first sliding cover plate 9. Two second sliding grooves 12 are symmetrically arranged on the left panel 1d. The two second sliding grooves 12 are slidably connected to a second sliding cover plate 13. A medicine feeding hole 14 is provided below the second sliding cover plate 13. The height of the left panel 1d is consistent with the wide strip plate 17 fixedly connected to the front panel 1a.

[0058] A limiting hole 28 is provided on the top plate 1f of the beehive, and a buckle 29 is provided in conjunction with the limiting hole. The buckle 29 is used to lock the top plate 1f of the beehive to prevent it from slipping off.

[0059] The right panel 1c and the left panel 1d are respectively fixedly provided with a first stop 11 and a second stop 15 on their lower sides to prevent the first sliding cover 9 and the second sliding cover 13 from sliding out of the first slide groove 8 and the second slide groove 12.

[0060] Wide strip 17 and narrow strip 18 are fixedly connected to the upper side of the opposite ends of the front panel 1a and the back panel 1b, in order to support and fix the top panel 1f of the beehive.

[0061] Two pads 16 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper ends of the front panel 1a and the back panel 1b.

[0062] Below the second sliding cover 13, there is a medicine feeding hole 14. The lower end of the waste collection dish 19 is fixedly connected to the four corners with support stools 20. The height of the four support stools 20 is half the height of the waste collection dish 19.

[0063] A support plate 21 is provided on the right side of the waste collection dish 19. The support plate 21 is an inclined plate connected to the waste collection dish 19. At the same time, a baffle structure is provided at the lowest point to prevent the sugar water feeder 22 from slipping. The height of the wall panel of the waste collection dish 19 at the connection with the support plate 21 is at the same level as the support plate 21.

[0064] A sugar water feeding nozzle 25 is detachably connected to the sugar water feeder 22. A connecting sleeve 23 is fixedly installed on the sugar water feeder 22. An internal thread 24 is provided in the connecting sleeve 23. An external thread 26 is provided on the outer side of one end of the sugar water feeding nozzle 25. The external thread 26 and the internal thread 24 are threadedly engaged, which facilitates the later connection of the sugar water feeder 22 and the sugar water feeding nozzle 25 by a spiral. The sugar water feeding nozzle 25 is a tubular body with a beveled cut.

[0065] The determination method includes the following steps:

[0066] S1. Prepare six beehives, a medicine feeder 27, a sugar water feeder 22, and a waste collection dish 19;

[0067] S2, Select 60 healthy adult bumblebees of similar size and place them in 6 hives. Place the hives on the waste collection dish 19.

[0068] S3, prepare 5 concentration gradient test reagents and 1 50% sucrose water control in advance, and add 200ul to each of the 6 reagent feeders 27;

[0069] S4. After the bumblebees have been hungry for 2 hours in the hive, open the medicine feeding hole 14 of the hive and insert the medicine feeder 27 containing different concentrations of medicine into the hive to feed the bumblebees.

[0070] S5. When the medicine solution is consumed or after 6 hours of feeding, take out the medicine feeder 27 and measure the amount of medicine solution consumed, then close the medicine feeding hole 14.

[0071] S6, open the sugar water feeding hole 10, connect the sugar water feeder 22 containing an appropriate amount of sugar water solution without medicine to the beehive, and continue feeding until the end of the experiment;

[0072] S7. Six sets of devices were placed in an artificial climate chamber, and the poisoning symptoms and number of deaths of ground bumblebees were observed and recorded for 24 hours and 48 hours.

[0073] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for determining the toxicity of stomach venom of adult bumblebees, characterized in that: The beehive includes a beehive arranged vertically, a waste collection dish (19), and a sugar water feeder (22). The beehive is composed of a front panel (1a), a back panel (1b), a right panel (1c), a left panel (1d), a bottom plate (1e), and a top plate (1f). The beehive has multiple ventilation holes (5). Each of the front panel (1a), back panel (1b), right panel (1c), and left panel (1d) has a locking strip (30) fixedly connected to the bottom of the opposite sides. The bottom plate (1e) has multiple slots (4). The multiple slots (4) are slidably embedded and connected to the locking strips (30) that are adapted to the lower ends of the front panel (1a), back panel (1b), right panel (1c), and left panel (1d). The right panel (1c) has two symmetrical first sliding grooves (8). The two first sliding grooves (8) are slidably connected to a first sliding cover plate (9). A sugar water feeding hole is provided below the first sliding cover plate (9). (10) Two second sliding grooves (12) are symmetrically arranged on the left panel (1d). The two second sliding grooves (12) are slidably connected to a second sliding cover plate (13). A medicine feeding hole (14) is provided below the second sliding cover plate (13). The height of the left panel (1d) is consistent with the wide strip plate (17) fixedly connected to the front panel (1a). A limit hole (28) is provided on the top plate (1f). A support stool (20) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the waste collection dish (19) near the four corners. A bearing plate (21) is provided on the right side of the waste collection dish (19). A sugar water feeder (22) is placed on the upper end of the bearing plate (21). A sugar water feeding nozzle (25) is detachably connected to the sugar water feeder (22). A limit strip (2) and a limit block (3) are fixedly connected to the bottom plate (1e). A slot (4) is formed between the limit strip (2) and the limit block (3). The method for determining the toxicity of the stomach venom of adult bumblebees includes the following steps: S1. Prepare six beehives, a medicine feeder (27), a sugar water feeder (22), and a waste collection dish (19); S2, select 60 healthy adult bumblebees of similar size and place them in 6 hives. Place the hives on a waste collection dish (19). S3, prepare 5 concentration gradient test reagents and 1 50% sucrose water control in advance, and add 200ul to each of the 6 reagent feeders (27); S4. After the bumblebees have been hungry for 2 hours in the hive, open the medicine feeding hole (14) of the hive and insert the medicine feeder (27) containing different concentrations of medicine into the hive to feed the bumblebees. S5. When the medicine is consumed or when feeding has been done for 6 hours, take out the medicine feeder (27) and measure the amount of medicine consumed, and close the medicine feeding hole (14). S6, open the sugar water feeding hole (10), connect the sugar water feeder (22) containing an appropriate amount of sugar water solution without medicine to the beehive, and continue feeding until the end of the experiment; S7. Six sets of devices were placed in an artificial climate chamber, and the poisoning symptoms and number of deaths of ground bumblebees were observed and recorded for 24 hours and 48 hours.

2. The device for determining the toxicity of stomach venom of adult bumblebees according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two plugs (6) are symmetrically fixedly connected to one side of the front panel (1a), back panel (1b), right panel (1c), and left panel (1d), and slots (7) that are inserted and matched with the plugs (6) are symmetrically opened on the other side of the front panel (1a), back panel (1b), right panel (1c), and left panel (1d).

3. The device for determining the toxicity of stomach venom of adult bumblebees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right panel (1c) and the left panel (1d) are respectively fixedly provided with a first stop (11) and a second stop (15) on their lower sides.

4. The device for determining the toxicity of stomach venom of adult bumblebees according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two pads (16) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper ends of the front panel (1a) and the back panel (1b).

5. The device for determining the toxicity of stomach venom of adult bumblebees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front panel (1a) and the back panel (1b) are both fixedly connected to the upper side of opposite ends of the front panel (1a) and the back panel (1b) with a wide strip (17) and a narrow strip (18).

6. The device for determining the toxicity of stomach venom of adult bumblebees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slot (7) on the back panel (1b) is 2.1 times the thickness of the insert (6).

7. The device for determining the toxicity of stomach venom of adult bumblebees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top plate (1f) is provided with a limiting hole (28) and is fitted with a buckle (29).

8. The device for determining the toxicity of stomach venom of adult bumblebees according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting sleeve (23) is fixedly installed on the sugar water feeder (22). An internal thread (24) is provided inside the connecting sleeve (23). An external thread (26) is provided on the outer side of one end of the sugar water feeding nozzle (25), and the external thread (26) and the internal thread (24) are threadedly engaged.

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