A heat storage type heat pump system for a PHEV automobile

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of automobile air conditioning systems, and particularly relates to a PHEV automobile heat storage type heat pump system; a compressor is connected with a plate heat exchanger, the plate heat exchanger is connected with an indoor heat exchanger, the indoor heat exchanger is connected with a stop valve, the stop valve is connected with a thermal expansion valve, the thermal expansion valve is connected with an outdoor heat exchanger, the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with a gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is connected with the compressor; the plate heat exchanger is also connected with a chiller, the chiller is connected with an electronic expansion valve, and the electronic expansion valve is connected with the outdoor heat exchanger; the chiller is connected with a battery, the battery is connected with a second four-way valve and a heat storage tank; the heat storage tank is connected with a PTC, and the PTC is connected with the plate heat exchanger; the application utilizes the heat storage tank to store engine and exhaust waste heat generated during vehicle operation to heat refrigerant, and can also utilize an electric heating device to heat refrigerant, plays an auxiliary heating role on a heat pump air conditioning system, optimizes a thermal management system, improves heating efficiency and refrigeration efficiency of the system, and reduces energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of automotive air conditioning system technology, specifically relating to a PHEV automotive heat pump system with thermal storage. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, PHEV vehicles are increasingly favored by consumers due to their dual-fuel (gasoline and electric) and longer driving range. However, in winter, especially in areas with temperatures below 0 degrees Celsius, the pure electric mode requires a PTC heater to heat the battery and the passenger compartment, resulting in higher energy consumption and significantly shortening the driving range.

[0003] Heat pump air conditioners are 2-3 times more energy efficient than PTC thermistor air conditioners, effectively extending the pure electric range of PHEV vehicles. However, heat pump air conditioners use air as a heat source, and the heat in the air is dispersed and irregularly distributed, which affects the efficiency of the heat pump and results in a slower heating speed. If the air temperature is particularly low, the heating efficiency of the heat pump air conditioner is even lower and the heating speed is even slower, increasing energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the above problems, this invention provides a heat pump system for PHEV vehicles, which uses a heat storage tank to store the waste heat generated by the engine and exhaust during vehicle operation to heat the refrigerant. Alternatively, it can use a power temperature controller (PTC) to heat the refrigerant, providing auxiliary heating for the heat pump air conditioning system. This optimizes the thermal management system, improves the system's heating and cooling efficiency, reduces energy consumption, and increases driving range, thereby solving the problems of low heating efficiency and slow heating speed in PHEV vehicle heat pump systems.

[0005] A PHEV vehicle thermal storage heat pump system includes a compressor 1, a first four-way valve 2, a plate heat exchanger 3, an indoor heat exchanger 4, a shut-off valve 5, a thermal expansion valve 6, a chiller 7, an electronic expansion valve 8, an outdoor heat exchanger 9, a gas-liquid separator 10, a first water pump 11, a thermal storage tank 12, a second four-way valve 13, a battery 14, a second water pump 15, a third water pump 16, a thermal storage system 17, and a PTC 18.

[0006] The outlet of the compressor 1 is connected to port I of the first four-way valve 2, port II of the first four-way valve 2 is connected to port I of the plate heat exchanger 3, port II of the plate heat exchanger 3 is connected to the inlet of the indoor heat exchanger 4, the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 4 is connected to the inlet of the shut-off valve 5, the outlet of the shut-off valve 5 is connected to the inlet of the thermal expansion valve 6, the outlet of the thermal expansion valve 6 is connected to the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 9, the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 9 is connected to port IV of the first four-way valve 2, port III of the first four-way valve 2 is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 10, and the outlet of the gas-liquid separator 10 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 1.

[0007] The second port of plate heat exchanger 3 is also connected to the first port of chiller 7. The second port of chiller 7 is connected to the inlet of electronic expansion valve 8, and the outlet of electronic expansion valve 8 is connected to the inlet of outdoor heat exchanger 9. The third port of chiller 7 is connected to the inlet of second water pump 15, and the outlet of second water pump 15 is connected to the first port of battery 14. The second port of battery 14 is connected to the fourth port of chiller 7. The third port of battery 14 is connected to the second port of second four-way valve 13, and the fourth port of battery 14 is connected to the third port of second four-way valve 13. The fourth port of second four-way valve 13 is connected to the first port of heat storage tank 12. The second port of heat storage tank 12 is connected to the inlet of PTC 18, and the outlet of PTC 18 is connected to the third port of plate heat exchanger 3. The fourth port of plate heat exchanger 3 is connected to the inlet of first water pump 11, and the outlet of first water pump 11 is connected to the first port of second four-way valve 13.

[0008] The IV port of the heat storage tank 12 is connected to the inlet of the heat storage system 17, the outlet of the heat storage system 17 is connected to the inlet of the third water pump 16, and the outlet of the third water pump 16 is connected to the III port of the heat storage tank 12.

[0009] PHEV vehicle heat pump system heating mode: At this time, the indoor heat exchanger 4 acts as a condenser and the outdoor heat exchanger 9 acts as an evaporator; the I and II ports of the first four-way valve 2 are connected, and the IV and III ports are connected; the I and IV ports of the second four-way valve 13 are connected, and the II and III ports are connected.

[0010] When the electronic expansion valve 8 is closed and the shut-off valve 5 is opened, the gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of compressor 1 enters the indoor heat exchanger 4 after passing through the I and II ports of the first four-way valve 2 and the I and II ports of the plate heat exchanger 3. At this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant condenses and releases heat to heat the passenger compartment, thus becoming a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant flows out from the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 4 and is throttled and depressurized through the shut-off valve 5 and the thermostatic expansion valve 6. At this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant and enters the outdoor heat exchanger 9. At this time, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant absorbs ambient heat and evaporates into gas, then passes through the gas-liquid separator 10 and finally returns to compressor 1.

[0011] When shut-off valve 5 is closed and electronic expansion valve 8 and second water pump 15 are opened, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from compressor 1 outlet enters chiiller 7 through ports I and II of the first four-way valve 2, ports I and II of the plate heat exchanger 3, and port I of chiiller 7. At this time, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant condenses and releases heat to the cooling water in chiiller 7, thus becoming a high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant flows out from port II of chiiller 7. After being throttled and depressurized by electronic expansion valve 8, the high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, which then enters... The refrigerant enters the outdoor heat exchanger 9, where the gas and liquid phases absorb heat from the environment and evaporate into gas. It then passes through the gas-liquid separator 10 and finally returns to the compressor 1. The high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flowing through the chiller 7 condenses and releases heat, heating the coolant flowing through the chiller 7. The heated coolant then enters the battery 14 through the III port of the chiller 7, the second water pump 15, and the I port of the battery 14, heating the battery 14 and achieving the heating condition of the battery 14. The heated coolant then returns to the chiller 7 through the II port of the battery 14 and the IV port of the chiller 7, forming a cycle.

[0012] When both the electronic expansion valve 8 and the shut-off valve 5 are open, the crew cabin and battery 14 are heated simultaneously.

[0013] When the heat pump air conditioner is in heating mode and the heat storage tank 12 has residual heat, circulation I is activated, which means the first water pump 11 is activated. The I and IV ports of the second four-way valve 13 are connected, and the II and III ports are connected. The cooling water in the heat storage tank 12 returns to the heat storage tank 12 through the II port, the PTC18 inlet and outlet, the III port and IV port of the plate heat exchanger 3, the inlet and outlet of the first water pump 11, the I and IV ports of the second four-way valve 13, and the I port of the heat storage tank 12. After being heated by the heat storage tank 12, the cooling water flows out from the II port of the heat storage tank 12, forming circulation I.

[0014] The heat storage tank 12 or PTC18 with residual heat heats the refrigerant at the outlet of compressor 1 through plate heat exchanger 3. With the presence of heat storage tank 12, PTC18 can be turned off or run at low power depending on the temperature. At this time, the flow rate of coolant can be adjusted by the first water pump 11, thereby adjusting the heat exchange capacity of heat exchanger 3, further increasing the calorific value of refrigerant, and thus releasing more heat as it flows through chiller 7 and indoor heat exchanger 4.

[0015] The PHEV vehicle heat pump system is in cooling mode: at this time, the indoor heat exchanger 4 acts as an evaporator and the outdoor heat exchanger 9 acts as a condenser; the I and IV ports of the first four-way valve 2 are connected, and the II and III ports are connected; the I and IV ports of the second four-way valve 13 are connected, and the II and III ports are connected.

[0016] When the electronic expansion valve 8 is closed and the shut-off valve 5 is opened, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant at the outlet of compressor 1 enters the outdoor heat exchanger 9 through the I and IV ports of the first four-way valve 2. At this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is condensed and releases heat to become high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant passes through the thermostatic expansion valve 6, and at this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant becomes low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant. The gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant then enters the indoor heat exchanger 4 through the shut-off valve 5. At this time, the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant evaporates and absorbs heat from the passenger compartment to become gas, which cools the passenger compartment. The gaseous refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger 4 then passes through the II and I ports of the plate heat exchanger 3, the II and III ports of the first four-way valve 2, and the gas-liquid separator 10, and finally returns to compressor 1.

[0017] When the shut-off valve 5 is closed and the electronic expansion valve 8 and the second water pump 15 are opened, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from the compressor 1 outlet enters the outdoor heat exchanger 9 through ports I and IV of the first four-way valve 2. At this time, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is condensed and releases heat, becoming a high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant. After flowing through the electronic expansion valve 8, the pressure is reduced, and the high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant. It then enters the chiller 7 through port II. Here, the low-temperature, low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant evaporates, absorbing heat from the cooling water flowing through the chiller 7, and becomes gaseous. The coolant flows out through pipes I and II of the chiller 7, passes through pipes II and I of the plate heat exchanger 3, pipes II and III of the first four-way valve 2, and gas-liquid separator 10, and returns to compressor 1. The gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flowing through the chiller 7 evaporates and absorbs the heat of the coolant flowing through the chiller 7. The cooled coolant passes through pipe III of the chiller 7, second water pump 15, and pipe I of battery 14 to enter battery 14, cooling battery 14 and achieving cooling of battery 14. The heated coolant passes through pipe II of battery 14 and pipe IV of chiller 7 and returns to chiller 7, forming a cycle.

[0018] When both the electronic expansion valve 8 and the shut-off valve 5 are open, the experimental crew cabin and the battery are cooled simultaneously.

[0019] When the heat pump air conditioner is in cooling mode and the heat storage tank 12 has residual heat, circulation I and the first water pump 11 are started. The flow rate of the coolant is adjusted by the first water pump 11, thereby adjusting the amount of heat exchange. After the refrigerant passes through the chiller 7 or the indoor heat exchanger 4, it is heated by the heat storage tank 12 or PTC 18 with residual heat through the plate heat exchanger 3 and then enters the gas-liquid separator 10. The refrigerant with increased calorific value returns to the compressor 1, reducing compression work, lowering the energy consumption of the refrigeration system, and improving refrigeration efficiency.

[0020] When a PHEV vehicle is started in winter and the heat storage tank 12 has residual heat, circulation two is activated. This involves activating the first water pump 11, connecting the I and II ports, and the III and IV ports of the second four-way valve 13. The high-temperature cooling water in the heat storage tank 12 enters the battery 14 through its II port, the PTC18 inlet and outlet, the III and IV ports of the plate heat exchanger 3, the inlet and outlet of the first water pump 11, the I and II ports of the second four-way valve 13, and the III port of the battery 14, thus heating the battery 14. The cooled water then enters the heat storage tank 12 through the IV port of the battery 14, the III and IV ports of the second four-way valve 13, and the I port of the heat storage tank 12. After being heated by the heat storage tank 12, the cooling water flows out from the II port of the heat storage tank 12, forming circulation two.

[0021] In winter, while the heat pump system heats the battery 14, circulation II is activated, and the heat storage tank 12 or PTC18 with residual heat can also directly heat the battery 14, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid heating of the battery 14.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0023] When a PHEV vehicle's engine is running, waste heat from the engine and exhaust can be stored in a heat storage tank. When the heat pump air conditioner is in heating mode, the refrigerant at the compressor outlet is heated by the residual heat in the tank or by a PTC (Potential Thermal Capacitor), further increasing its calorific value and improving heating efficiency. This allows it to release more heat as it flows through the chiller and interior heat exchanger, increasing heating speed. Furthermore, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant will not liquefy rapidly due to low ambient temperatures, enabling the heat pump air conditioner to reach a stable operating state quickly. When the heat pump air conditioner is in cooling mode, the refrigerant, after being heated by the residual heat in the tank or by the PTC, enters the gas-liquid separator. The refrigerant with increased calorific value returns to the compressor, reducing compression work, lowering energy consumption, and improving cooling efficiency. When cycle two is activated, the residual heat in the tank or by the PTC can rapidly heat the battery, quickly bringing it to a suitable charging and discharging temperature. This invention can utilize a heat storage tank to store the waste heat generated by the engine and exhaust during vehicle operation to heat the refrigerant, or it can utilize an electric heating device (PTC) to heat the refrigerant, thereby playing an auxiliary heating role in the heat pump air conditioning system, optimizing the thermal management system, improving the system's heating and cooling efficiency, reducing energy consumption, and increasing driving range. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heating operation mode of the heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling operation mode of the heat pump air conditioning system of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the battery structure under rapid heating conditions according to the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Compressor, 2. First four-way valve, 3. Plate heat exchanger, 4. Indoor heat exchanger, 5. Shut-off valve, 6. Thermal expansion valve, 7. Chiller, 8. Electronic expansion valve, 9. Outdoor heat exchanger, 10. Gas-liquid separator, 11. Water pump II, 12. Thermal storage tank, 13. Second four-way valve, 14. Battery, 15. Water pump II, 16. Third water pump, 17. Thermal storage system, 18. PTC. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0031] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0033] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, a PHEV vehicle heat pump system includes a compressor 1, a first four-way valve 2, a plate heat exchanger 3, an indoor heat exchanger 4, a shut-off valve 5, a thermal expansion valve 6, a chiller 7, an electronic expansion valve 8, an outdoor heat exchanger 9, a gas-liquid separator 10, a first water pump 11, a heat storage tank 12, a second four-way valve 13, a battery 14, a second water pump 15, a third water pump 16, a heat storage system 17, and an electric heating device (PTC) 18.

[0036] The outlet of the compressor 1 is connected to port I of the first four-way valve 2, port II of the first four-way valve 2 is connected to port I of the plate heat exchanger 3, port II of the plate heat exchanger 3 is connected to the inlet of the indoor heat exchanger 4, the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 4 is connected to the inlet of the shut-off valve 5, the outlet of the shut-off valve 5 is connected to the inlet of the thermal expansion valve 6, the outlet of the thermal expansion valve 6 is connected to the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 9, the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 9 is connected to port IV of the first four-way valve 2, port III of the first four-way valve 2 is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 10, and the outlet of the gas-liquid separator 10 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 1.

[0037] The chiiller 7 is connected in parallel with the indoor heat exchanger 4. The second port of the plate heat exchanger 3 is also connected to the first port of the chiiller 7. The second port of the chiiller 7 is connected to the inlet of the electronic expansion valve 8, and the outlet of the electronic expansion valve 8 is connected to the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 9. Heat exchange occurs between the chiiller 7 and the battery 14 via a cooling water circulation loop powered by the second water pump 15. The third port of the chiiller 7 is connected to the inlet of the second water pump 15, and the outlet of the second water pump 15 is connected to the first port of the battery 14. The II port of battery 14 is connected to the IV port of chiiller 7 to form a loop; the III port of battery 14 is connected to the II port of the second four-way valve 13, and the IV port of battery 14 is connected to the III port of the second four-way valve 13; the IV port of the second four-way valve 13 is connected to the I port of the heat storage tank 12, the II port of the heat storage tank 12 is connected to the inlet of PTC18, the outlet of PTC18 is connected to the III port of the plate heat exchanger 3, the IV port of the plate heat exchanger 3 is connected to the inlet of the first water pump 11, and the outlet of the first water pump 11 is connected to the I port of the second four-way valve 13.

[0038] The heat storage tank 12 can recover engine and exhaust waste heat through a cooling water circulation loop powered by a third water pump 16. The third water pump 16 opens and closes with the engine's start and stop, the purpose of which is to heat the heat storage tank through waste heat recovery. Port IV of the heat storage tank 12 is connected to the inlet of the heat storage system 17, the outlet of the heat storage system 17 is connected to the inlet of the third water pump 16, and the outlet of the third water pump 16 is connected to port III of the heat storage tank 12.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the heating mode of the PHEV vehicle heat pump system is as follows: At this time, the indoor heat exchanger 4 acts as a condenser and the outdoor heat exchanger 9 acts as an evaporator; the I and II ports of the first four-way valve 2 are connected, and the IV and III ports are connected; the I and IV ports of the second four-way valve 13 are connected, and the II and III ports are connected.

[0040] When the electronic expansion valve 8 is closed and the shut-off valve 5 is opened, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from the outlet of compressor 1 enters the indoor heat exchanger 4 after passing through the I and II ports of the first four-way valve 2 and the I and II ports of the plate heat exchanger 3. At this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant condenses and releases heat to heat the passenger compartment, thus becoming a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant flows out from the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 4 and is throttled and depressurized through the shut-off valve 5 and the thermal expansion valve 6. At this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant and enters the outdoor heat exchanger 9. At this time, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant absorbs ambient heat and evaporates into gas, then passes through the gas-liquid separator 10 and finally returns to compressor 1.

[0041] When shut-off valve 5 is closed and electronic expansion valve 8 and second water pump 15 are opened, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from compressor 1 outlet enters chiiller 7 through ports I and II of the first four-way valve 2, ports I and II of the plate heat exchanger 3, and port I of chiiller 7. At this time, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant condenses and releases heat to the cooling water in chiiller 7, thus becoming a high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant flows out from port II of chiiller 7. After being throttled and depressurized by electronic expansion valve 8, the high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, which then enters... The refrigerant enters the outdoor heat exchanger 9, where the gas and liquid phases absorb heat from the environment and evaporate into gas. It then passes through the gas-liquid separator 10 and finally returns to the compressor 1. The high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flowing through the chiller 7 condenses and releases heat, heating the coolant flowing through the chiller 7. The heated coolant then enters the battery 14 through the III port of the chiller 7, the second water pump 15, and the I port of the battery 14, heating the battery 14 and achieving the heating condition of the battery 14. The heated coolant then returns to the chiller 7 through the II port of the battery 14 and the IV port of the chiller 7, forming a cycle.

[0042] When both the electronic expansion valve 8 and the shut-off valve 5 are open, the crew cabin and battery 14 are heated simultaneously.

[0043] When the heat pump air conditioner is in heating mode and the heat storage tank 12 has residual heat, circulation I is activated, which means the first water pump 11 is started. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the I and IV ports of the second four-way valve 13 are connected, and the II and III ports are connected. The cooling water in the heat storage tank 12 returns to the heat storage tank 12 through the II port, the PTC18 inlet and outlet, the III port and IV port of the plate heat exchanger 3, the inlet and outlet of the first water pump 11, the I and IV ports of the second four-way valve 13, and the I port of the heat storage tank 12. After being heated by the heat storage tank 12, the cooling water flows out from the II port of the heat storage tank 12, forming circulation I.

[0044] The residual heat storage tank 12 or PTC18 heats the refrigerant at the outlet of compressor 1 through plate heat exchanger 3. With the presence of heat storage tank 12, PTC18 can be turned off or run at low power depending on the temperature (the heating power of PTC18 can be increased when the temperature is extremely low). At this time, the flow rate of coolant can be adjusted by the first water pump 11, thereby adjusting the heat exchange capacity of heat exchanger 3, further increasing the calorific value of refrigerant, so that more heat is released through the chiller 7 and indoor heat exchanger 4, improving the heating speed and heating efficiency, and recovering and saving energy. Moreover, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant will not liquefy rapidly due to the low ambient temperature, so that the heat pump air conditioner can reach a stable working state in a short time.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, the PHEV vehicle heat pump system is in cooling mode: at this time, the indoor heat exchanger 4 acts as an evaporator and the outdoor heat exchanger 9 acts as a condenser; the I and IV ports of the first four-way valve 2 are connected, and the II and III ports are connected; the I and IV ports of the second four-way valve 13 are connected, and the II and III ports are connected.

[0046] When the electronic expansion valve 8 is closed and the shut-off valve 5 is opened, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant at the outlet of compressor 1 enters the outdoor heat exchanger 9 through the I and IV ports of the first four-way valve 2. At this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is condensed and releases heat to become high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant passes through the thermostatic expansion valve 6, and at this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant becomes low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant. The gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant then enters the indoor heat exchanger 4 through the shut-off valve 5. At this time, the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant evaporates and absorbs heat from the passenger compartment to become gas, which cools the passenger compartment. The gaseous refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger 4 then passes through the II and I ports of the plate heat exchanger 3, the II and III ports of the first four-way valve 2, and the gas-liquid separator 10, and finally returns to compressor 1.

[0047] When the shut-off valve 5 is closed and the electronic expansion valve 8 and the second water pump 15 are opened, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from the compressor 1 outlet enters the outdoor heat exchanger 9 through ports I and IV of the first four-way valve 2. At this time, the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is condensed and releases heat, becoming a high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant. After flowing through the electronic expansion valve 8, the pressure is reduced, and the high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant. It then enters the chiller 7 through port II. Here, the low-temperature, low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant evaporates, absorbing heat from the cooling water flowing through the chiller 7, and becomes gaseous. The coolant flows out through pipes I and II of the chiller 7, passes through pipes II and I of the plate heat exchanger 3, pipes II and III of the first four-way valve 2, and gas-liquid separator 10, and returns to compressor 1. The gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flowing through the chiller 7 evaporates and absorbs the heat of the coolant flowing through the chiller 7. The cooled coolant passes through pipe III of the chiller 7, second water pump 15, and pipe I of battery 14 to enter battery 14, cooling battery 14 and achieving cooling of battery 14. The heated coolant passes through pipe II of battery 14 and pipe IV of chiller 7 and returns to chiller 7, forming a cycle.

[0048] When both the electronic expansion valve 8 and the shut-off valve 5 are open, the experimental crew cabin and the battery are cooled simultaneously.

[0049] When the heat pump air conditioner is in cooling mode and the heat storage tank 12 has residual heat, circulation I and the first water pump 11 are started. The flow rate of the coolant is adjusted by the first water pump 11, thereby adjusting the amount of heat exchange. After the refrigerant passes through the chiller 7 or the indoor heat exchanger 4, it is heated by the heat storage tank 12 or PTC 18 with residual heat through the plate heat exchanger 3 and then enters the gas-liquid separator 10. The refrigerant with increased calorific value returns to the compressor 1, reducing compression work, lowering the energy consumption of the refrigeration system, improving refrigeration efficiency, and recovering and saving energy.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, when the PHEV vehicle is started in winter and the heat storage tank 12 has residual heat, circulation two is activated, that is, the first water pump 11 is activated, and the I and II ports of the second four-way valve 13 are connected, and the III and IV ports are connected. The high-temperature cooling water in the heat storage tank 12 enters the battery 14 through its II port, the PTC18 inlet and outlet, the III and IV ports of the plate heat exchanger 3, the inlet and outlet of the first water pump 11, the I and II ports of the second four-way valve 13, and the III port of the battery 14, heating the battery 14. The cooled water enters the heat storage tank 12 through the IV port of the battery 14, the III and IV ports of the second four-way valve 13, and the I port of the heat storage tank 12. After being heated by the heat storage tank 12, the cooling water flows out from the II port of the heat storage tank 12, forming circulation two.

[0051] In winter, while the heat pump system heats the battery 14, circulation II is activated, and the heat storage tank 12 or PTC 18 with residual heat can also directly heat the battery 14, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid heating of the battery 14. The heating time is greatly shortened, allowing the battery to quickly reach the reasonable charging and discharging temperature. When the engine is running in winter and the battery is not working, the battery temperature can also be protected, extending the battery life.

[0052] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, any person skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention. These simple modifications are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0054] Furthermore, various different embodiments of the present invention can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat pump system for PHEV vehicles, characterized in that, Includes compressor (1), first four-way valve (2), plate heat exchanger (3), indoor heat exchanger (4), shut-off valve (5), thermal expansion valve (6), chiller (7), electronic expansion valve (8), outdoor heat exchanger (9), gas-liquid separator (10), first water pump (11), heat storage tank (12), second four-way valve (13), battery (14), second water pump (15), third water pump (16), heat storage system (17), PTC (18); The outlet of the compressor (1) is connected to port I of the first four-way valve (2), port II of the first four-way valve (2) is connected to port I of the plate heat exchanger (3), port II of the plate heat exchanger (3) is connected to the inlet of the indoor heat exchanger (4), the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger (4) is connected to the inlet of the shut-off valve (5), the outlet of the shut-off valve (5) is connected to the inlet of the thermal expansion valve (6), the outlet of the thermal expansion valve (6) is connected to the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger (9), the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger (9) is connected to port IV of the first four-way valve (2), port III of the first four-way valve (2) is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator (10), and the outlet of the gas-liquid separator (10) is connected to the inlet of the compressor (1). The second port of the plate heat exchanger (3) is also connected to the first port of the chiiller (7), the second port of the chiiller (7) is connected to the inlet of the electronic expansion valve (8), and the outlet of the electronic expansion valve (8) is connected to the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger (9); the third port of the chiiller (7) is connected to the inlet of the second water pump (15), the outlet of the second water pump (15) is connected to the first port of the battery (14), the second port of the battery (14) is connected to the fourth port of the chiiller (7); the third port of the battery (14) is connected to the second port of the chiiller (7). The pipe port is connected to the II port of the second four-way valve (13), the IV port of the battery (14) is connected to the III port of the second four-way valve (13); the IV port of the second four-way valve (13) is connected to the I port of the heat storage tank (12), the II port of the heat storage tank (12) is connected to the inlet of the PTC (18), the outlet of the PTC (18) is connected to the III port of the plate heat exchanger (3), the IV port of the plate heat exchanger (3) is connected to the inlet of the first water pump (11), and the outlet of the first water pump (11) is connected to the I port of the second four-way valve (13); The IV port of the heat storage tank (12) is connected to the inlet of the heat storage system (17), the outlet of the heat storage system (17) is connected to the inlet of the third water pump (16), and the outlet of the third water pump (16) is connected to the III port of the heat storage tank (12). The heating mode of the system is as follows: The indoor heat exchanger (4) serves as a condenser, and the outdoor heat exchanger (9) serves as an evaporator; the I port and II port of the first four-way valve (2) are connected, and the IV port and III port are connected; the I port and IV port of the second four-way valve (13) are connected, and the II port and III port are connected. When the electronic expansion valve (8) is closed and the shut-off valve (5) is opened, the gaseous refrigerant from the compressor (1) outlet passes through the I and II ports of the first four-way valve (2) and the I and II ports of the plate heat exchanger (3) and enters the indoor heat exchanger (4). At this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant condenses and releases heat to heat the crew cabin and becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant flows out from the outlet of the indoor heat exchanger (4) and is throttled and depressurized by the shut-off valve (5) and the thermal expansion valve (6). At this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant and enters the outdoor heat exchanger (9). At this time, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant absorbs ambient heat and evaporates into gas. It then passes through the gas-liquid separator (10) and finally returns to the compressor (1). When the shut-off valve (5) is closed and the electronic expansion valve (8) and the second water pump (15) are opened, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor (1) enters the chirper (7) through the I and II ports of the first four-way valve (2), the I and II ports of the plate heat exchanger (3), and the I port of the chirper (7). At this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant condenses and releases heat to the cooling water in the chirper (7), thus becoming a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant flows out from the II port of the chirper (7), and after being throttled and depressurized by the electronic expansion valve (8), the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, which enters the outdoor heat exchanger (9). At this time, the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant absorbs ambient heat and evaporates into gas, then passes through the gas-liquid separator (10) and finally returns to the compressor (1). The high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant flowing through the chiiller (7) condenses and releases heat, which heats the coolant flowing through the chiiller (7). The heated coolant enters the battery (14) through the III port of the chiiller (7), the second water pump (15), and the I port of the battery (14), heating the battery (14) and realizing the heating condition of the battery (14). The heated coolant returns to the chiiller (7) through the II port of the battery (14) and the IV port of the chiiller (7), forming a cycle. When both the electronic expansion valve (8) and the shut-off valve (5) are open, the crew cabin and the battery (14) are heated simultaneously. When the heat pump air conditioner is in heating mode and the heat storage tank (12) has residual heat, circulation I is started, that is, the first water pump (11) is started. The I and IV ports of the second four-way valve (13) are connected, and the II and III ports are connected. The cooling water in the heat storage tank (12) returns to the heat storage tank (12) through the II port, the PTC (18) inlet, the PTC (18) outlet, the III port of the plate heat exchanger (3), the IV port of the plate heat exchanger (3), the inlet of the first water pump (11), the outlet of the first water pump (11), the I and IV ports of the second four-way valve (13), and the I port of the heat storage tank (12). After the cooling water is heated by the heat storage tank (12), it flows out from the II port of the heat storage tank (12) to form circulation I. The heat storage tank (12) or PTC (18) with residual heat heats the refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor (1) through the plate heat exchanger (3). With the presence of the heat storage tank (12), the PTC (18) can be turned off or run at low power depending on the temperature. At this time, the flow rate of the coolant can be adjusted by the first water pump (11), thereby adjusting the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger (3) to further increase the calorific value of the refrigerant, so that more heat is released as it flows through the chiller (7) and the indoor heat exchanger (4).

2. The PHEV vehicle thermal storage heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling operating mode of the system is as follows: The indoor heat exchanger (4) serves as an evaporator, and the outdoor heat exchanger (9) serves as a condenser; the I port and IV port of the first four-way valve (2) are connected, and the II port and III port are connected; the I port and IV port of the second four-way valve (13) are connected, and the II port and III port are connected. When the electronic expansion valve (8) is closed and the shut-off valve (5) is opened, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor (1) enters the outdoor heat exchanger (9) through the I and IV ports of the first four-way valve (2). At this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is condensed and releases heat to become high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant passes through the thermostatic expansion valve (6), and at this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant becomes low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant. The gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant then enters the indoor heat exchanger (4) through the shut-off valve (5). At this time, the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant evaporates and absorbs the heat of the passenger compartment to become gas, which cools the passenger compartment. The gaseous refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger (4) then passes through the II and I ports of the plate heat exchanger (3), the II and III ports of the first four-way valve (2), and the gas-liquid separator (10), and finally returns to the compressor (1). When the shut-off valve (5) is closed and the electronic expansion valve (8) and the second water pump (15) are opened, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from the compressor (1) outlet enters the outdoor heat exchanger (9) through the I and IV ports of the first four-way valve (2). At this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is condensed and releases heat to become a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. After flowing through the electronic expansion valve (8) for throttling and pressure reduction, the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant. Then, it enters the chiller (7) through the II port. At this time, the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant evaporates and absorbs the heat of the cooling water flowing through the chiller (7) to become gas. The coolant flows out through the I port, passes through the II and I ports of the plate heat exchanger (3), the II and III ports of the first four-way valve (2), and the gas-liquid separator (10) and returns to the compressor (1); the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flowing through the chirper (7) evaporates and absorbs the heat of the coolant flowing through the chirper (7), and the cooled coolant passes through the III port of the chirper (7), the second water pump (15), and the I port of the battery (14) and enters the battery (14) to cool the battery (14) and realize the cooling of the battery (14); the heated coolant passes through the II port of the battery (14) and the IV port of the chirper (7) and returns to the chirper (7) to form a cycle; When both the electronic expansion valve (8) and the shut-off valve (5) are open, the experimental crew cabin and the battery are cooled simultaneously.

3. The PHEV vehicle thermal storage heat pump system according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the heat pump air conditioner is in cooling mode and the heat storage tank (12) has residual heat, circulation I and the first water pump (11) are turned on. The flow rate of the coolant is adjusted by the first water pump (11) to adjust the amount of heat exchange. After the refrigerant passes through the chiller (7) or the indoor heat exchanger (4), it is heated by the heat storage tank (12) or PTC (18) with residual heat through the plate heat exchanger (3) and then enters the gas-liquid separator (10). The refrigerant with increased calorific value returns to the compressor (1), which reduces the compression work, reduces the energy consumption of the refrigeration system, and improves the refrigeration efficiency.

4. A PHEV vehicle thermal storage heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the heating mode, when the PHEV vehicle is started in winter and the heat storage tank (12) has residual heat, the second circulation is activated, that is, the first water pump (11) is activated. The I and II ports of the second four-way valve (13) are connected, and the III and IV ports are connected. The high-temperature cooling water in the heat storage tank (12) flows through its II port, the PTC (18) inlet, the PTC (18) outlet, the III and IV ports of the plate heat exchanger (3), and the first water pump (11). The inlet, the outlet of the first water pump (11), the I and II ports of the second four-way valve (13), and the III port of the battery (14) enter the battery (14) to heat the battery (14). The cooled water after cooling enters the heat storage tank (12) through the IV port of the battery (14), the III and IV ports of the second four-way valve (13), and the I port of the heat storage tank (12). After being heated by the heat storage tank (12), the cooled water flows out from the II port of the heat storage tank (12) to form circulation II. In winter, while the heat pump system heats the battery (14), it also activates circulation II. The heat storage tank (12) or PTC (18) with residual heat can also directly heat the battery (14), thereby achieving the purpose of rapidly heating the battery (14).

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