System for connecting rigid pipes and for connecting flexible pipes and joint for such a system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system for connecting a rigid tube (4) and a flexible tube (6), wherein the tubes (4, 6) have corresponding outer diameters, the system having crimping clamps (10; 110) with crimping profiles (8; 108), the system having at least one first connector (20; 120) for crimping connection with the rigid tube (4), wherein the at least one first connector (20; 120) has a first crimping sleeve (21; 121) with a first outer profile (22; 122), the system further having at least one second connector (40; 140) for crimping connection with the flexible tube (6), wherein the at least one... The second connector (40; 140) has a second crimping sleeve (41; 141) with a second outer contour (42; 142), wherein the outer contours (22; 122) of the first crimping sleeve (21; 121) and the outer contours (42; 142) of the second crimping sleeve (41; 141) respectively at least segmentally match the crimping contours (8; 108) of the crimping pliers (10; 110) and can be crimped by the crimping pliers (10; 110), and wherein the outer contours (22; 122; 42; 142) of the first crimping sleeve (21; 121) and the second crimping sleeve (41; 141) are at least segmentally consistent. This system solves the technical problem of simplifying on-site costs for installing conduit systems. This technical problem is particularly about providing suitable combinations of connectors for rigid and flexible pipes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a system for connecting rigid tubes and a system for connecting flexible tubes, wherein the tubes have corresponding outer diameters. The invention also relates to a plurality of joints suitable for use in such a system, and a system for the joints. Background Technology

[0002] The technical field related to this invention is the installation of conduit systems on the construction site, where conduit systems consisting of pipe sections and fittings are typically installed to guide and direct fluids, i.e., liquids or gases. A fitting is generally understood as a connector for a conduit, and fittings are most commonly used to connect two or more pipe sections. The fitting preferably has two or more crimp sections, for example, in the form of crimp sleeves. The most common fittings include straight connectors, bends, reduction fittings, and branch fittings such as T-shaped or cross-shaped fittings. However, a fitting can also be understood as a pipe interface for a valve (Armatur) or other component. For example, a thermometer or pressure gauge, as a valve, has only one interface for a pipe section. Therefore, the fitting for the valve has only one crimp section to connect the pipe section to the valve.

[0003] To connect pipe sections to fittings and other components, crimp connections are used. In this method, the crimped section of the fitting is radially deformed inwards by crimping pliers when the pipe section is inserted, creating a durable, sealed, and, if necessary, non-removable connection. The fitting may be equipped with a sealing device, such as an O-ring, to ensure a tight seal, or it may be formed through direct contact between the materials of the pipe section and the fitting, such as metal.

[0004] As a crimping technique used to cause radial deformation of the crimped section, the main considerations are crimping systems with radial action and crimping systems using radial-axial extrusion, in which a portion of the joint moves axially during the extrusion process, thereby causing radial deformation.

[0005] The aforementioned conduit systems are particularly used for transporting drinking water or hot water, and for conveying gases or industrial gases used to operate heating equipment. In principle, any fluid medium can be transported in conduits.

[0006] Within the scope of this application, a rigid pipe is defined as a pipe connected to an externally sealed joint. The strength of the pipe material is sufficient to ensure that forces acting from the outside through the joint achieve a durable seal, while the rigid pipe does not deform or deforms only slightly, thereby maintaining a stable and sealed connection.

[0007] Furthermore, applications are known, for example, for PE pipes or thin-walled copper pipes, which are externally sealed and additionally have an internal support sleeve inserted. This is because the material strength is insufficient for complete external sealing without the risk of pipe deformation. The inserted support sleeve serves only a supporting function and not a sealing function. Such pipes are also understood as rigid pipes within the scope of this application, as they can be connected to joints with external seals.

[0008] Within the scope of this application, the flexible tube is defined as a tube connected to an internally sealed joint having a support to be pushed into the tube. The relatively low strength of the tube material requires that forces acting from the outside and inside through the joint achieve a durable seal without excessive deformation. Forces are applied to the flexible tube from both the inside and outside to maintain a stable connection and seal.

[0009] As materials for rigid tubes, solid materials, especially metals, are used. Solid plastics can also be considered as solid materials. Rigid tubes are preferably used for installations along walls or roofs or within wall or roof structures that have large straight sections.

[0010] On the other hand, flexible pipes are used in installations, especially plastic pipes, so-called all-plastic pipes, or pipes made of composite materials, so-called multi-layer composite pipes, which consist of one or more layers of plastic and one or more thin metal layers. Flexible pipes are particularly used for field technical installations, such as retrofitted sanitary fixtures, where in confined spaces, flexible pipes are often bent on-site and installed in a bent state.

[0011] In addition, rigid and flexible tubes exist with different outer diameters. For metal tubes, outer diameters in the range of 6mm-108mm and larger, up to 6 inches, are particularly common. For plastic tubes, outer diameters are typically in the range of 6mm-63mm, with significantly larger outer diameters also used in this case.

[0012] When laying conduit systems that use both rigid and flexible conduits, matching pipe sizes are selected for the inner and outer diameters. Precise values ​​are matched in pairs, and possibly only randomly, so sizes with the best possible consistency are chosen. Therefore, in conjunction with specific fittings for rigid and flexible conduits, specific fitting and crimping clamp geometries typically exist for each system or size.

[0013] Therefore, at the construction site, different crimping pliers must be prepared for different conduits and fittings. This results in significant costs, particularly on the construction site side, as multiple crimping pliers must be maintained, and sometimes even different crimping tools. This creates considerable complexity in terms of product diversity and the associated production, storage, and logistics. For customers, especially craftspeople, the complexity of pipes, fittings, and crimping pliers is further increased by the large number of systems from different manufacturers available on the market.

[0014] The following solutions are known from existing technologies.

[0015] US2020 / 378530 A1 describes a fitting for connecting flexible, internally sealed tubes, having a support with a sealing function.

[0016] US2019 / 024827 A1 discloses a fitting for connecting a rigid, externally sealed pipe, having a chamber, a seal, a clamping member with a protruding end, and a separator located between the seal and the clamping member.

[0017] DE 10 2015 109 268 A1 describes a connector with a crimp sleeve having a chamber open at a distal end, in which a seal, a cutter, and a retainer are arranged, wherein the retainer extends axially from the chamber in part. The cutter is held on the annular retainer in such a way that the cutter is engaged with the retainer by means of fitting, insertion, clamping, or material fitting.

[0018] GB 687 497A discloses a hose coupling device for connection to a flexible tube, having a base including a support body connected to a sleeve. A multi-layer hose is connected to the coupling, wherein before inserting the hose into the coupling, a portion of the outer layer is removed at the end, a loop is attached, and the fabric of the reinforcing layer that was not removed surrounds the loop. Thus, before and after crimping the coupling, the material of the reinforcing layer is located between the open ends of the crimped sleeve. Summary of the Invention

[0019] Therefore, the technical problem upon which this invention is based is to simplify the on-site costs for installing conduit systems. This technical problem particularly lies in providing suitable combinations of fittings for rigid and flexible conduits and matching crimping tools. Another technical problem is to provide fittings for the aforementioned systems, especially with improvements in manufacturing costs.

[0020] According to the present invention, the above-mentioned technical problem is solved by a system for connecting a rigid tube and a flexible tube, wherein the tubes have corresponding outer diameters, the system has a crimping clamp with a crimping profile, the system has at least one first joint for crimping connection with the rigid tube, wherein the at least one first joint is configured as an externally sealing joint and seals the rigid tube to be connected from the outside, and wherein the at least one first joint has a first crimping sleeve with a first outer profile, the system also has at least one second joint for crimping connection with the flexible tube, wherein the at least one second joint is configured as an internally sealing joint and seals the flexible tube to be connected from the inside, and wherein the at least one second joint has a second crimping sleeve with a second outer profile, and wherein the outer profiles of the first crimping sleeve and the second crimping sleeve respectively match at least segmentally the crimping profile of the crimping clamp and can be crimped by the crimping clamp.

[0021] According to the present invention, if the fittings for rigid pipes and the fittings for flexible pipes each have a crimping sleeve, and the outer contours of the crimping sleeves are at least partially consistent, preferably even identical, so that crimping can be performed using the same crimping tool and the same crimping pliers connected to it, having corresponding crimping contours, then on-site costs are reduced. Therefore, piping systems with rigid pipes and piping systems with flexible pipes can be installed using the same crimping tool and the same crimping pliers. Consequently, fewer tools and crimping pliers need to be kept on-site, and the time spent on tooling is reduced. Fewer plier changes or lower tool complexity on-site result in simpler tool management.

[0022] Crimping pliers are understood as part of the overall crimping tool system. In the most common applications, crimping pliers have two crimping halves that are fixed to the crimping tool. These halves have an entry profile that engages with a piston, and the piston, linearly driven by a motor, rotates from an open position to a closed position. This rotational motion achieves the crimping of the joint arranged in the crimping pliers.

[0023] Crimping pliers can also consist of two crimping pliers halves connected by a hinge and having coupling mechanisms at their open ends. The crimping pliers engage with the two coupling mechanisms of the crimping pliers, which are also part of the crimping tool and are connected to the piston via an entry profile. Through the linear feed of the piston of the crimping tool, the crimping pliers are pressed together at their front ends and also pressed together through engagement with the coupling mechanisms. In addition to two-piece crimping pliers, multi-piece crimping pliers as crimping rings are also known.

[0024] For appropriate wall thicknesses, metals are particularly used as materials for rigid pipes, such as stainless steel, ferritic steel (e.g., 1.4521), austenitic steel (e.g., 1.4404), duplex steel (e.g., 1.4462), gunmetal, SiBr, and copper. Solid plastics, such as cross-linked polyethylene (PE-X), heat-resistant polyethylene (PE-RT), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polypropylene (PP), are also used. Furthermore, multi-layered composite pipes can be rigidly implemented, for example, through thicker aluminum layers, and fiber-reinforced pipes can also be used. Flexible pipes can be made from the same plastic or from composites of plastic and metal layers, but can be designed with smaller wall thicknesses, thus ensuring flexibility through geometric design.

[0025] Rigid and flexible tubes are distinguished, regardless of their material properties and dimensions, by the following: rigid tubes can be connected via externally sealed joints, while flexible tubes can only be connected via internally sealed joints. Due to their rigidity, rigid tubes possess sufficient shape stability to absorb forces during radial compression and, together with the compressed joint, ensure sealing and retention or fixation functions. Flexible tubes, on the other hand, are internally supported by a support sleeve and deform into the support sleeve when the joint is compressed. Therefore, joints for rigid tubes are externally sealed, while joints for flexible tubes are internally sealed.

[0026] Because rigid tubes are typically made of higher-strength materials, they generally have thinner walls than flexible tubes made of lower-strength materials. Therefore, the joints in this system are preferably used for pairs of rigid and flexible tubes with the most similar outer diameters possible, where the precise outer dimensions can deviate from each other. Here, the internal dimensions can deviate from each other more significantly than the external dimensions. For example, in existing metal and plastic tube systems, there exist rigid tubes with an outer diameter of 16 mm and flexible tubes with an outer diameter of 15 mm.

[0027] This results in rigid and flexible pipes having the same or similar outer diameters. Therefore, if rigid and flexible pipes are installed in a common piping system, only minor flow losses occur due to their similarly slightly different internal cross-sections. Thus, the guiding principle is to always unify a pair of adjacent outer diameters into a system with crimping clamps featuring a crimp profile, such as a pair with outer diameters of 16mm / 15mm or 54mm / 50mm.

[0028] As explained at the beginning, the connectors are arranged on one side of the connector or valve. Therefore, depending on the function of the connector or valve, a valve typically has one connector, or a cross-shaped connector has up to four connectors.

[0029] The joint and its components are preferably made of metal to ensure deformability while maintaining sufficient hardness and shape stability after deformation. Metals already mentioned for rigid tubes can be considered, such as stainless steel, ferritic steel (e.g., 1.4521), austenitic steel (e.g., 1.4404), duplex steel (e.g., 1.4462), gunmetal, SiBr, and copper.

[0030] However, if the non-metallic material can achieve sufficient performance for extrusion and durable connection with the pipe, the joint and its components can also be made of non-metallic materials or plastics. Examples of materials considered here include: cross-linked polyethylene (PE-X), silane-crosslinked polyethylene (PE-Xb) or physically cross-linked polyethylene (PE-Xc), temperature-resistant polyethylene (PE-RT), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP) for the appropriate wall thickness, polyphenylene ether sulfone (PPSU), polyether ether ketone (PEEK) or polyarylether ether ketone (PAEK), aliphatic bio-based polyamides (PA410, PA12, PA12-GF30), or random copolymers of polypropylene with modified crystal structures and improved temperature resistance (PP-RCT).

[0031] In the system according to the invention, the outer contours of the first and second crimping sleeves preferably match, at least partially, the crimping contours of the crimping pliers. This "matching" means that the outer contours of the respective crimping sleeves preferably abut against each other at least partially. On these partially abutting surfaces, a radially inward crimping force is preferably transferred to the crimping sleeves during crimping by the crimping pliers. This causes the crimping sleeves to deform, thereby establishing a durable retaining and sealing effect relative to the pipes to be joined.

[0032] Crimping sleeves can, in principle, have different geometries, as long as they have sections in their outer contours that function when the joint is crimped using crimping pliers. Preferably, the crimping sleeve forms a chamber pointing inward toward the tube to be accommodated, and within said chamber are respectively accommodated at least one clamping element, a sealing element, and / or a force-transmitting element. Through the configuration of the chamber, the aforementioned components for establishing a pull-out resistant and sealed connection can be pre-installed between a rigid or flexible tube and the joint. Here, the chamber can be surrounded by the crimping sleeve on three sides, but the chamber can also be at least partially open toward the distal end of the crimping sleeve.

[0033] The chambers of the first and second crimping sleeves can advantageously accommodate different clamping elements, seals, and / or force-transmitting elements. Therefore, with the crimping geometry of the crimping pliers and the first and second crimping sleeves being identical, different matching components to be crimped can be used for sealing within the first and second joints, as well as for retaining and securing rigid or flexible tubing. The design flexibility of the joints and the components contained therein ensures a good fit between the joints and rigid and flexible tubing, while allowing the use of the same crimping profile. Within the system, this allows for the equally optimal connection technology for both rigid and flexible tubing.

[0034] If, as previously stated, the outer contours of the first and second crimping sleeves are at least sectionally identical, then the same sections of the crimping sleeves for both pipe types are crimped in the same manner. That is, when the crimping clamps are closed, the crimping sleeves deform in the same way in the corresponding sections. In a further preferred embodiment, the crimping sleeves for rigid pipes and the crimping sleeves for flexible pipes have identical outer contours and are therefore deformed by the same crimping clamps with different crimping forces if necessary.

[0035] Furthermore, it can be specified that the first crimping sleeve has a first additional crimping section, and the second crimping sleeve has a second additional crimping section, wherein the first and second additional crimping sections have different outer contours from each other and can be deformed separately in sections by crimping pliers. Therefore, different functionalities can be formed into fittings for rigid pipes and fittings for flexible pipes. Both fittings are still crimped using the same crimping pliers with the same crimping contours.

[0036] The basic structure of the joint consists of a base body and a crimping sleeve that is integrated with the base body, or connected to the base body in a material-compatible or force-compatible manner. In joints used for flexible tubes, an additional support sleeve is provided to support and seal the pushed-in tube from the inside and absorb the crimping force.

[0037] The following describes embodiments of the joints for rigid pipes and the joints for flexible pipes. First, these embodiments constitute preferred embodiments of the described system. On the other hand, these embodiments also constitute independent solutions to the aforementioned technical problems, individually or in combination.

[0038] In the following sections, the dimensions and proportions of the joints are calculated and compared. The calculations characterize the joints of the system in a preferred manner.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment of the system, the ratio of the volume V(starr) of the crimping sleeve of the first connector to the volume V(flex) of the crimping sleeve of the second connector is determined by... It is concluded that

[0040] The volume V(starr) is derived from the following formula.

[0041]

[0042] Where LK(starr) is the length of the chamber.

[0043] DK (starr) is the inner diameter of the chamber, and

[0044] DR (starr) is the outer diameter of the rigid tube to be accommodated.

[0045] The volume V(flex) is derived from the following formula.

[0046]

[0047] Where LK(flex) is the length of the chamber.

[0048] DK (flex) is the inner diameter of the chamber, and

[0049] DR (flex) is the outer diameter of the flexible tube to be accommodated.

[0050] The proportion is obtained by the following formula

[0051] and

[0052] Wherein δ adopts a value within the range of [0.50; 3.00], preferably [0.50; 1.50], and especially preferably [0.75; 1.25].

[0053] The length of the chamber, also known as the chamber length, is preferably determined by the length of the segment forming the chamber that has the same diameter, that is, by the length of the cylindrical segment forming the chamber. When determining the chamber length, the rounded areas on one or both sides of the cylindrical segment are not considered.

[0054] The ratio δ described in the embodiment thus illustrates the ratio of the volume of the cavity surrounding the inserted tube by the crimping sleeve of the fitting for crimping a rigid tube to the volume of the cavity surrounding the inserted tube by the crimping sleeve of the fitting for crimping a flexible tube. By making the cavity volumes similar, and thus by making the ratio δ as close as possible to the value 1, it simplifies the crimping of rigid and flexible tubes using the same crimp profile.

[0055] Conversely, for significantly unequal chamber volumes, it cannot be fully guaranteed that a single crimp profile can be used to extrude rigid and flexible tubes.

[0056] For example, when the chamber volume ratio δ < 0.5, where the chamber volume of the crimping sleeve for the flexible tube fitting is at least twice that of the crimping sleeve for the rigid tube fitting, on the one hand, the chamber length of the crimping sleeve for the rigid tube fitting may be chosen to be too short to accommodate the component disposed within the chamber. On the other hand, with this ratio, the chamber of the crimping sleeve for the rigid tube fitting may have too small a height, and therefore too small a degree of compressibility. For a ratio δ < 0.5, the chamber of the crimping sleeve for the flexible tube fitting may also need to have too large a height, thus requiring too high a degree of compressibility.

[0057] Conversely, when the chamber volume ratio δ > 1.5, especially δ > 3.0, the chamber volume of the crimping sleeve for the fitting of a rigid tube is therefore at least 1.5 times, especially at least 3.0 times, larger than that of the crimping sleeve for the fitting of a flexible tube. On the one hand, the chamber length of the crimping sleeve for the fitting of a flexible tube may be chosen too short to accommodate components such as force transmission rings disposed within the chamber. On the other hand, for this ratio, the chamber of the crimping sleeve for the fitting of a flexible tube may have too small a height, and therefore too small a degree of compressibility. For the ratio δ > 1.5, especially δ > 3.0, the chamber of the crimping sleeve for the fitting of a rigid tube may also have too large a height, and therefore too high a degree of compressibility.

[0058] Conversely, as shown in the preferred embodiment of the system, if the chamber volumes are chosen to be as similar as possible, the ratio δ = 1. Therefore, the chamber height and length of the crimping sleeve for the joints of rigid and flexible tubes can be selected such that the same degree of compression is achieved using a single crimp profile for extruding both the rigid and flexible tubes. In this way, a single crimp profile can be used to ensure a sealed extrusion of both the rigid and flexible tubes.

[0059] Alternatively, a system with intentionally different chamber volumes can be selected, where the ratio of chamber volumes within the stated limits is not equal to 0, i.e., δ <> 1. Therefore, not only the chamber height but also the chamber length of the crimping sleeve for the joints of rigid and flexible tubes can be selected in such a way that optimal arrangement of different functional components within the chambers of the first joint for the rigid tube and the second joint for the flexible tube can be achieved through different chamber volumes. In this way, a single crimp profile can ensure a tight seal for both rigid and flexible tubes, while simultaneously achieving optimal matching of the functional components.

[0060] In another preferred embodiment of the system, the ratio of the difference between the inner diameter DK(starr) of the chamber of the crimping sleeve of the first connector and the outer diameter DR(starr) of the rigid tube to be accommodated to twice the length LK(starr) of the chamber is given by the following formula.

[0061]

[0062] Furthermore, ε(starr) takes a value within the range of [0.10; 0.50], preferably [0.2; 0.4], and especially preferably [0.25; 0.35].

[0063] The parameter ε(starr) in the described embodiment thus gives the ratio of the chamber height to the chamber length of the crimping sleeve for the fitting used to extrude rigid tubes. It has been shown that by using a value of 0.3 or a ratio with the smallest possible deviation from this value for ε(starr), i.e., the chamber height being approximately one-third of the chamber length, sufficient compressibility is achieved for reliably extruded rigid tubes using the crimping sleeve for the fitting used to extrude rigid tubes.

[0064] For ε(starr) values ​​that deviate significantly from the target value ε(starr) = 0.3, it has been found that choosing a chamber length that is significantly shorter or significantly longer than the chamber height leads to several disadvantages.

[0065] For example, when ε(starr) < 0.1, where the chamber length corresponds to more than 10 times the chamber height, on the one hand, this may mean an excessively large chamber length for the achievable installation space. On the other hand, with such ε(starr), even with a reasonably chosen chamber length, the chamber height may be too small, failing to provide sufficient space within the chamber for the components to be housed. It is also possible that ε(starr) < 0.1 results in excessively high compression.

[0066] For example, when ε(starr) > 0.5, the chamber length is less than twice the chamber height. If the chamber height is chosen reasonably, the chamber length may be too small, resulting in insufficient space for the components to be housed within the chamber. Alternatively, it may lead to excessively high compressibility for ε(starr) > 0.5.

[0067] Conversely, as described in the preferred embodiment of the system, if an ε(starr) value as close as possible to the target value ε(starr) = 0.3 is selected, then by choosing the ratio of chamber length to chamber height in this way, it can be ensured that there is sufficient space inside the chamber to accommodate the components, and that the compression degree is optimally selected for reliably extruding the rigid tube.

[0068] In another preferred embodiment of the system, the ratio of the difference between the inner diameter DK(flex) of the crimping sleeve of the second connector and the outer diameter DR(flex) of the flexible tube to be accommodated to twice the chamber length LK(flex) is given by the following formula.

[0069]

[0070] Furthermore, ε(flex) takes a value within the range of [0.10; 0.70], especially [0.10; 0.50], preferably [0.20; 0.60], especially [0.2; 0.4], especially preferably [0.25; 0.50], especially [0.25; 0.35].

[0071] The parameter ε(flex) in the described embodiment thus gives the ratio of the chamber height to the chamber length of the crimping sleeve for the fitting of the flexible tube. The advantages and disadvantages resulting from choosing the value of parameter ε(flex) correspond to the advantages and disadvantages of parameter ε(starr) described above, thus the target value of ε(flex) = 0.3 is also pursued for the chamber geometry of the crimping sleeve for the fitting of the flexible tube fitting that is crimped with sufficient compression and sufficient space to accommodate the component in the chamber.

[0072] In another preferred embodiment of the system, ε(starr) is given by the following formula.

[0073]

[0074] Where DK(starr) is the inner diameter of the chamber of the crimping sleeve of the first connector.

[0075] Where DR (starr) is the outer diameter of the rigid tube to be accommodated, and

[0076] Where LK(starr) is the length of the chamber.

[0077] Where ε(flex) is given by the following formula.

[0078]

[0079] Where DK (flex) is the inner diameter of the chamber of the crimping sleeve of the second connector.

[0080] Where DR (flex) is the outer diameter of the flexible tube to be accommodated, and

[0081] Where LK(flex) is the length of the chamber.

[0082] The proportion α is given by the following formula.

[0083]

[0084] Furthermore, α is taken as a value within the range of [0.50; 3.00], preferably [0.50; 1.50], and especially preferably [0.75; 1.25].

[0085] Therefore, the ratio α of the embodiment describes the ratio of the chamber height and chamber length of the crimping sleeve for extruding rigid tubes to the ratio of the chamber height and chamber length of the crimping sleeve for extruding flexible tubes. By having similar ratios of chamber height and chamber length of the crimping sleeve and thus as close as possible to the value 1, the extrusion of rigid and flexible tubes using the same crimp profile is improved.

[0086] This proportion

[0087]

[0088] The advantages and disadvantages resulting from the selection of the value correspond to the advantages and disadvantages of the ratio δ of the chamber volume of the crimping sleeve for the fitting of ...

[0089] In another preferred embodiment of the system, the compressibility β(starr) when the first joint is crimped to the rigid tube is given by the following formula.

[0090]

[0091] Where DK (starr) is the inner diameter of the chamber of the crimping sleeve of the first joint before extrusion.

[0092] Where s(starr) is the wall thickness of the crimping sleeve in the crimping area of ​​the first joint before crimping.

[0093] Where DR (starr) is the outer diameter of the rigid tube to be accommodated before extrusion, and

[0094] Where DPK(starr) is the inner diameter of the crimping profile of the crimping clamp in the crimping area of ​​the first joint DR(starr).

[0095] The value of β(starr) is preferably β(starr) < 0.15, preferably β(starr) < 0.12, and particularly preferably β(starr) < 0.10.

[0096] In this way, a high tensile strength sealing connection is achieved during compression, and the formation of wrinkles in the pipes and fittings to be connected is minimized. Compression ratio represents the change in the chamber diameter of the crimping sleeve during compression, taking into account the wall thickness of the crimping sleeve and comparing this change to the diameter of the pipe to be compressed. This change is achieved by pressing the crimping clamps together during the compression process, where the inner diameter of the crimping clamps after compression is decisive for the chamber diameter of the crimping sleeve under compression conditions.

[0097] A compression ratio of approximately 0%, corresponding to approximately 0% compression, means that the chamber is not compressed, and therefore the diameter does not change. However, with large pipe diameters, even if compression is a satisfactory sealing method, the compression ratio, expressed as β(starr), can easily be taken as a low percentage value, approximately 1%, corresponding to β(starr) = 0.01. Conversely, if an excessively large compression ratio is chosen, such as 0.15 or greater, corresponding to a compression ratio greater than 15%, this will lead to excessive deformation, ultimately resulting in deformation of the fitting and / or pipe to be compressed.

[0098] In another preferred embodiment of the system, the compressibility β(flex) during the crimping connection of the second connector to the flexible tube is given by the following formula.

[0099]

[0100] Where DK (flex) is the inner diameter of the chamber of the crimping sleeve of the second connector before extrusion.

[0101] Where s(flex) is the wall thickness of the crimping sleeve in the crimping area of ​​the second joint before crimping.

[0102] Where DR (flex) is the outer diameter of the flexible tube to be accommodated before extrusion, and

[0103] Where DPK (flex) is the inner diameter of the crimping profile of the crimping clamp in the crimping area of ​​the second joint after crimping.

[0104] The value of β(flex) is preferably β(flex) < 0.15, preferably β(flex) < 0.12, and particularly preferably β(flex) < 0.10.

[0105] This method enables sealing connections with high tensile strength and minimizes wrinkling of the pipes and fittings to be connected during compression.

[0106] Conversely, a compression ratio of approximately 0%, β(flex), corresponding to approximately 0% compression, means that the fitting and the pipe to be connected are not subjected to a sealing compression, and the chamber diameter of the crimping sleeve remains unchanged. However, with large pipe diameters, even if the compression is a satisfactory seal, the compression ratio represented by β(flex) can easily be a low percentage value, approximately 1%, corresponding to β(flex) = 0.01. Conversely, if an excessively large compression ratio β(flex) is used, such as 0.15 or greater, corresponding to 15% or greater compression, this will result in excessive deformation of the fitting or pipe to be crimped, leading to wrinkle formation and excessive crimping force causing deformation of the fitting and / or pipe to be crimped.

[0107] In another preferred embodiment of the system, the compressibility β(starr) when the first joint is crimped to the rigid tube is given by the following formula.

[0108]

[0109] Where DK (starr) is the inner diameter of the chamber of the crimping sleeve of the first joint before extrusion.

[0110] Where s(starr) is the wall thickness of the crimping sleeve in the crimping area of ​​the first joint before crimping.

[0111] Where DR (starr) is the outer diameter of the rigid tube to be accommodated before extrusion, and

[0112] Where DPK (starr) is the inner diameter of the crimping profile of the crimping clamp in the crimping area of ​​the first joint after extrusion, and

[0113] The compressibility β(flex) when the second connector is crimped to the flexible tube is obtained by the following formula.

[0114]

[0115] Where DK (flex) is the inner diameter of the chamber of the crimping sleeve of the second connector before extrusion.

[0116] Where s(flex) is the wall thickness of the crimping sleeve in the crimping area of ​​the second joint before crimping.

[0117] Where DR (flex) is the outer diameter of the flexible tube to be accommodated before extrusion, and

[0118] Wherein DPK (flex) is the inner diameter of the crimping profile of the crimping clamp in the crimping area of ​​the second joint after crimping.

[0119] Therefore, the proportion τ can be obtained through the following formula.

[0120]

[0121] Wherein τ adopts a value within the range of [0.50; 1.50], preferably [0.75; 1.5], and particularly preferably [0.80; 1.20].

[0122] Therefore, the ratio τ gives the ratio of the compression of a joint crimped with a rigid tube to the compression of a joint crimped with a flexible tube using the same crimping tool, i.e., the same crimping pliers, and gives the conclusion that these crimped connections are compressed to approximately the same degree.

[0123] By appropriately selecting the ratio τ, the same crimping tool can be used to achieve optimal compression not only for crimping the joint with a rigid tube but also for crimping the joint with a flexible tube. For example, under optimal crimping conditions between the joint and the rigid tube, optimal crimping can also be achieved between the joint and the flexible tube using the same crimping tool. This prevents the joint and the flexible tube from collapsing or being under-crimped when using the same crimping tool, eliminating the need to change the crimping tool used in the crimping process. Simultaneously, under optimal crimping conditions between the joint and the flexible tube, collapse or insufficient crimping can be prevented when using the same crimping tool to crimp the joint and the rigid tube.

[0124] Conversely, if a ratio τ that is too small or too large is chosen, such as τ < 0.5 or τ > 1.5, then when the joint used for connection with a rigid pipe is squeezed optimally, when the same crimping tool is used, the joint used for connection with a flexible pipe may be squeezed too hard, causing the joint to collapse, or squeezed too little, thus failing to produce a sealed connection.

[0125] Conversely, when optimal compression is applied to the fitting for connection with a flexible tube, if the selected ratio τ is too small or too large, for example, τ < 0.5 or τ > 1.5, the fitting for connection with a rigid tube may be under-compressed, resulting in an unsealed connection and insufficient tensile strength, or it may be over-compressed, causing damage to the rigid tube and / or components in the crimp sleeve chamber, such as seals.

[0126] Alternatively, systems with targetedly different degrees of compression can be selected, such that the ratio of compression is not equal to 0 within the stated limits, i.e., τ <> 1. Therefore, the compression of the crimping sleeve for the joints of rigid and flexible tubes can be selected, allowing for optimal arrangement of different functional components within the chambers of the first joint for the rigid tube and the second joint for the flexible tube through different joint constructions. In this way, the crimp profile can ensure a tight seal for both the rigid and flexible tubes, while achieving optimal matching of functional components.

[0127] An embodiment of a connector for connection to a rigid pipe in the aforementioned system, which solves the above-mentioned technical problems, has the following structure: a base; a stop constructed circumferentially and protruding inwardly in the base; a crimping sleeve connected to the base and forming an outer contour, wherein the crimping sleeve has a chamber pointing inwardly toward the pipe to be received; a clamping ring disposed in the chamber, wherein the clamping ring is made of plastic and has a plurality of clamping members pointing in the opposite direction to the pull-out direction of the pipe to be pushed in, and wherein the clamping members are integrated in the clamping ring and supported on the wall of the outer corner region of the crimping sleeve on the distal side and protruding inwardly; and a seal disposed in the chamber adjacent to the stop, wherein the crimping sleeve, together with the clamping ring, the clamping members and the seal, seals the rigid pipe to be connected from the outside.

[0128] The crimping sleeve is preferably integrated with the substrate and constructed as a single piece. The seal, under compression, rests seamlessly against the crimping sleeve and the tube to be inserted, as it is positioned within the area of ​​the stop, i.e., at the point where the inserted tube contacts and terminates. This seamlessness improves hygiene by eliminating dead zones and areas where residue can accumulate.

[0129] A clamping ring is used to prevent tube pull-out and / or excessive internal pressure. This clamping ring serves to receive or retain the clamping elements. The clamping elements absorb pull-out forces by point-deforming the tube and supporting it against the wall of the crimping sleeve. This ensures a direct flow of force from the tube through the crimping sleeve to the fitting. The clamping ring itself provides only support after compression and contributes little or no to preventing pull-out.

[0130] The clamping ring of the connector described herein is designed as a plastic clamping ring, with the metal cutter mounted within it as a clamping element. Furthermore, the plastic ring has axially extending slots, which make the clamping ring flexible and thus facilitate assembly within the crimp sleeve of the connector.

[0131] The clamping or cutting elements can be designed as wire elements, which are set in grooves provided for this purpose. An alternative embodiment of the clamping ring is a two-part clamping ring in which the cutting element is placed in an injection molding tool and subsequently overmolded.

[0132] The clamping element is secured in the plastic of the clamping ring by force fit, form fit, or material fit, for example, by an adhesion promoter. The clamping element can be manufactured in various ways, such as as a casting or as a stamping. The number of clamping elements can be determined according to requirements or dimensions, preferably with at least three clamping elements. Furthermore, the same clamping element can be used for fittings of different pipe sizes.

[0133] Furthermore, preferably, the clamping element integrated in the clamping ring is located in the distal region of the chamber opposite the stop. During the compression of the crimping sleeve, the clamping element is inclined and clamps between the deformed crimping sleeve and the pipe wall against the direction of pipe pull-out, generating a reaction force against the pull-out direction. This arrangement enables the pipe to be effectively secured in the crimped joint.

[0134] Furthermore, the clamping ring may have inwardly pointing tabs spaced apart from the clamping element, wherein the tabs segmentally define an internal cross-section in the azimuth angle, the internal cross-section being the same as or slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the tube. The clamping ring provides a tube holding function through the tabs. In the uncompressed state of the connector, the tabs hold the inserted tube, preventing the tube from slipping out of the connector without significant pulling force. Additionally, the tabs guide the tube as it is pushed into the connector. If the internal cross-section is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the tube, it also provides minimal resistance to the tube during insertion. Therefore, the user receives tactile feedback that the tube is inserted deep enough into the connector when pushing it in.

[0135] The clamping ring can also, in principle—as is known from the prior art—be constructed as a conventional metal cutting ring or a loop of wire.

[0136] This embodiment allows the rigid tube to be introduced up to the stop, signaling to the user that the tube to be connected has been pushed sufficiently deep into the joint. Preferably, the stop consists of at least two inwardly pointing recesses, such as stamping points, preferably three stamping points. Compared to a completely surrounding recess, a single recess again achieves less dead space and thus conditions for improved hygiene.

[0137] Furthermore, it is preferable that the seal is at least sectionally constructed as a lip seal, and after compression, seals the gap between the tube and the crimping sleeve up to the end of the inserted tube. This ensures a high level of hygiene and prevents gap corrosion. Because the seal is at least sectionally designed as a lip seal in terms of geometry, after the joint is crimped, the gap between the tube and the joint is completely sealed by the seal up to the end of the tube. Therefore, in particular, the described dotted tube stop prevents dead zones where media might accumulate. Thus, the lip seal is responsible for the required system sealing. Alternatively, the seal can also be implemented as a conventional O-ring.

[0138] Another advantage is that the tube is guided and held in a toroidal manner through force transmission. This results in less diagonal tension on the tube during the extrusion joint process.

[0139] An embodiment of a connector for connecting to a flexible tube in the aforementioned system, which solves the above-mentioned technical problems, has a structure comprising: a base; a crimping sleeve connected to the base and forming an outer contour, wherein the crimping sleeve has a chamber pointing inward toward the tube to be accommodated; a force transmission ring disposed in the chamber; and a support connected to the base and having a sealing contour pointing outward toward the tube to be pushed in, wherein the force transmission ring is mounted in the crimping sleeve, wherein the crimping sleeve, including the force transmission ring and the support, are arranged spaced apart from each other and define an annular space for introducing and accommodating the tube to be accommodated, wherein a section of the force transmission ring extends axially from the crimping sleeve and forms a section of the outer contour to be crimped, wherein the crimping sleeve, together with the force transmission ring and the support, seals the flexible tube to be connected from the inside.

[0140] Here, the crimping sleeve, including the force transmission ring and the support, are arranged spaced apart from each other and define an annular space for introducing and accommodating the flexible tube. The force transmission ring, located in the chamber, transmits the crimping force generated by the crimping clamps through the crimping sleeve to the flexible tube during compression, pressing the tube radially inward against the support. A sealing profile located on the outer side of the support is pressed into the material of the flexible tube, thereby achieving fixation and sealing of the flexible tube relative to the joint. The seal between the joint and the tube is preferably ensured by the sealing profile and the force transmission through the force transmission ring (which may be constructed as a plastic ring) without the need for an additional soft seal.

[0141] Additional or alternative soft seals, such as O-rings or flat seals, may be provided, for example, made of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), fluorocarbon rubber (FKM), or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). In both cases, the seal is preferably performed on the outer end of the support facing the tube, so that no or only a small dead zone is created there.

[0142] The crimp sleeve or support is integrally formed with the substrate. However, they can also be connected to the substrate by material matching, such as by welding or bonding, or by force matching, such as by pressing or pushing.

[0143] Supports are essential for sealing joints in flexible pipes, especially multilayer composite pipes. Supports are preferably made of metal and offer significantly improved chemical stability and robustness compared to supports made of solid plastics, such as polyphenylene sulfone (PPSU).

[0144] The axially extending section of the force transmission ring from the crimping sleeve forms a section of the outer contour to be crimped. In this case, the chamber formed by the crimping sleeve is laterally open in the axial direction and laterally closed by the force transmission ring. The extended section of the force transmission ring is used not only to improve force transmission to flexible tubes but also to visually distinguish it from the fittings for rigid tubes with the same outer contour described above, as the fittings for rigid tubes have crimping sleeves made entirely of metal. Furthermore, this design of the force transmission ring makes installation in the crimping sleeve easier.

[0145] Furthermore, the sleeve section and / or force transmission ring may have inwardly extending protrusions for guiding and retaining the tube. This enables tube retention, tactile feedback when overcoming the protrusions during tube insertion, and guidance of the tube during insertion.

[0146] In addition, the crimping sleeve may have an inwardly pointing recess, such as a stamping point or side recess constructed in the wall, for an internal locking mechanism between the force transmission ring and the crimping sleeve.

[0147] In addition, the force transmission ring may have cylindrical sections and / or toothed sections for abutting against the tube to be pushed in in order to create a fixation.

[0148] For example, the tube can be prevented from being pulled out by corresponding retaining ribs in the sealing profile of the support.

[0149] Furthermore, the force transmission ring may have inwardly projecting tabs that define an internal cross-section that is the same size as or slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the tube. Thus, the tabs arranged circumferentially form a guide and retainer for the tube.

[0150] Another embodiment of a connector for connection to a rigid pipe in the aforementioned system, which solves the above-mentioned technical problems, has a structure comprising: a base; a crimping sleeve connected to the base and forming an outer contour, wherein the crimping sleeve has a chamber pointing inward toward the pipe to be accommodated; a sleeve section constructed on a distal end of the crimping sleeve and extending beyond the chamber, wherein the sleeve section forms a section of the outer contour to be deformed; and a seal disposed in the chamber, wherein an inner section of the base extends radially inside the chamber toward the pipe to be pushed in, wherein a section of the seal is disposed between the crimping sleeve and the inner section of the base, and wherein a section of the seal is disposed between the crimping sleeve and the pipe to be pushed in, wherein the crimping sleeve and the seal together externally seal the rigid pipe to be connected.

[0151] Therefore, the seal preferably fills most or all of the chamber. The seal provides a seal not only on the base side but also on the rigid tube, which is pushed against the base at its end. Furthermore, the axially extending seal allows for high tolerances to the correct insertion depth of the tube and ensures a virtually gapless connection.

[0152] Therefore, reliable sealing is ensured, and the area in contact with the medium, consisting of the internal section of the base and the end of the pushed-in tube, is separated from the area in contact with the medium, consisting of the crimp sleeve. Furthermore, the internal section of the base and the end of the pushed-in tube can abut against each other on their end sides. This results in a particularly good connection without restricting the open cross-section within the tube and the joint base.

[0153] In this embodiment, the fixing and sealing functions are also achieved through two separate components. Here, preferably, the crimp sleeve is shaped to fit the substrate or is connected to the substrate in a material-fitting manner.

[0154] The sleeve section and / or seal preferably have inwardly projecting protrusions for guiding and retaining the tube. This achieves tube retention, tactile feedback when overcoming the protrusions during tube insertion, and guidance of the tube during insertion.

[0155] Furthermore, protrusions can be factory-stamped in the distal section of the front part of the crimp sleeve. These protrusions are used to locally deform the rigid tube during crimping. Therefore, in this structure, a clamping ring with a retaining function is not required. Moreover, torsional strength is ensured after crimping using the protrusions. The protrusions can also be used to guide and retain the tube.

[0156] Alternatively, one embodiment of the connector may also have a cutting ring inserted into the chamber. In this case, the seal can be implemented in the axial direction as shorter than in the embodiments described above.

[0157] An embodiment of a connector for connection to a flexible tube in the aforementioned system, which solves the above-mentioned technical problems, has a structure comprising: a base; a crimping sleeve connected to the base and forming an outer contour, wherein the crimping sleeve has a chamber pointing inwardly toward the tube to be received; a force transmission ring disposed in the chamber; and a support connected to the base and having a sealing contour pointing outwardly toward the tube to be pushed in, wherein the crimping sleeve and the force transmission ring have corresponding viewing windows, wherein the crimping sleeve, together with the force transmission ring and the support, seals the flexible tube to be connected from the inside.

[0158] An observation window is used for visual inspection of the insertion to ensure that the tube to be connected is pushed into the joint sufficiently. Here, the crimping sleeve, including a force-transmitting ring and a support, are arranged spaced apart from each other and define a space for introducing and receiving the flexible tube. The force-transmitting ring, arranged in the chamber, transmits the crimping force generated by the crimping clamps to the flexible tube during crimping, pressing the tube radially inward against the support. A sealing profile arranged on the outside of the support is pressed into the material of the flexible tube, thereby achieving fixation and sealing of the flexible tube relative to the joint.

[0159] Preferably, the crimp sleeve and the support are constructed as separate components and connected to the substrate. Alternatively, the crimp sleeve or support may be integrally formed with the substrate. Here, they may be connected to the substrate by material fit, such as by welding or bonding, or by force fit, such as by press-fitting or pushing.

[0160] Supports are essential for sealing joints in flexible pipes, especially multilayer composite pipes. Supports are preferably made of metal and offer significantly improved chemical stability and robustness compared to supports made of solid plastics, such as polyphenylene sulfone (PPSU).

[0161] Furthermore, the sleeve section and / or force transmission ring may have inwardly extending protrusions for guiding and retaining the tube. This enables tube retention, tactile feedback when overcoming the protrusions during tube insertion, and guidance of the tube during insertion.

[0162] Furthermore, the force transmission ring may have cylindrical and / or toothed sections for abutting against the tube to be pushed in, thereby creating a fixation. Geometric differences between the outer diameters of the flexible tubes can be compensated for by adjusting the wall thickness.

[0163] The seal between the joint and the pipe is preferably ensured by the sealing profile and the force transmission through a force transmission ring (which may be constructed as a plastic ring) without the need for an additional soft seal. The flexible pipe is pressed against the sealing profile by the deformation of the compression sleeve during compression, thereby achieving a seal.

[0164] Additional or alternative soft seals, such as O-rings or flat seals, may be provided, for example, made of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), fluorocarbon rubber (FKM), or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). In both cases, the seal is preferably performed on the outer end of the support facing the tube, so that no or only a small dead zone is created there.

[0165] For example, the tube can be prevented from being pulled out by corresponding retaining ribs in the sealing profile of the support.

[0166] In a preferred design, the crimping sleeve has a sleeve section extending beyond the chamber, wherein the sleeve section forms a segment of the outer contour that will be deformed by means of crimping clamps. The sleeve section is used to deform towards the tube to achieve axial fixation of the tube relative to the fitting and, if necessary, anti-rotation fixation. Therefore, the force-transmitting ring can also indirectly perform a sealing function, and the described sleeve section is used for fixation.

[0167] Furthermore, the force transmission ring may have inwardly projecting tabs that define an internal cross-section that is the same size as or slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the tube. Thus, the tabs arranged circumferentially form a guide and retainer for the tube.

[0168] The aforementioned technical problem is also solved by a system for connecting a rigid pipe and a flexible pipe, the system comprising: a plurality of first joints for connecting to the rigid pipe, wherein the first joints are designed as externally sealing joints and externally seal the rigid pipe to be connected; and a plurality of second joints for connecting to the flexible pipe, wherein the second joints are designed as internally sealing joints and internally seal the flexible pipe to be connected, wherein the first joints for connecting to the rigid pipe include a base and a crimping sleeve connected to the base, wherein the second joints for connecting to the flexible pipe include a base, a crimping sleeve connected to the base, and a support body connected to the base, wherein the bases of the first joints for connecting to the rigid pipe and the bases of the second joints for connecting to the flexible pipe have the same structure.

[0169] Here, if the substrates have the same dimensions and geometry, but their manufacturing tolerances are on different orders of magnitude, they are assumed to be of the same structure. The aim is to mass-produce these substrates, which can then be used for fittings in both rigid and flexible pipes.

[0170] Preferably, the joint corresponds to the aforementioned joint for connection with a rigid pipe and the aforementioned joint for connection with a flexible pipe.

[0171] Therefore, the aforementioned joints used for connecting rigid pipes and for connecting flexible pipes have the same base material and matching crimp sleeves connected to them respectively. A support is also added for the flexible pipe. Thus, the base material can have only a small deformation straightness (Umformgerade) and can therefore be made of a difficult-to-deform material, such as ferrite steel such as 1.4521 or duplex steel such as 1.4462. Therefore, the same base material can be used in joints for both rigid pipes and flexible pipes, and thus a modular structure for the joints used in the system can be achieved. This design has production-related advantages because the same component is used as the base for all joints in the system.

[0172] However, the crimp sleeve differs in its application to rigid and flexible tubing, and is force-fitted onto the base via, for example, factory-side pressing. The advantage of a two-piece structure consisting of the base and the crimp sleeve is that it separates the joint into a base that contacts the medium and a crimp sleeve that does not. Therefore, the base can be manufactured using, for example, very high-quality corrosion-resistant materials, while a less expensive material can be used for the sleeve. In principle, the material selection can be made specifically according to the relevant requirements, i.e., according to the medium to be guided by the rigid or / or flexible tubing.

[0173] Furthermore, all the aforementioned joints should be geometrically constructed with flat chambers and as gentle a transition as possible to facilitate subsequent insulation. Because of the flat chambers and gentle transitions, the insulation tube can be more easily fitted onto the tubes and joints without getting stuck on protrusions or edges. Preferably, the ratio of chamber height to chamber length is chosen to be small, a larger radius is used, no rolled edges or sharp edges are formed, and / or the transitions between different steps are preferably constructed with a small-angle bevel.

[0174] Furthermore, the aforementioned joints offer the advantage of structural robustness compared to plastic joints. Numerous robust metal components are integrated into the joint, resulting in minimal or no damage to the support structure, for example, during pipe bending. Similarly, improved robustness is achieved through the use of cutting elements in joints for rigid pipes, as the fixation is achieved through a form fit rather than a friction fit. Attached Figure Description

[0175] The present invention will now be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the drawings... Figures 1a-1f A first system for connecting rigid tubes and for connecting flexible tubes is shown, with markings for determining formulas.

[0176] Figures 2a-2f A second system is shown for connecting rigid tubes and for connecting flexible tubes, with markings for determining formulas.

[0177] Figures 3a-3r It shows according to Figures 1a-1d The system and according to Figures 2a-2d An embodiment of the system, wherein labels are provided for determining the formula.

[0178] Figures 4a-4e A fitting for connection with a rigid pipe is shown, particularly for use according to Figures 1a-1f The system

[0179] Figures 5a-5e A connector for connection with a flexible tube is shown, particularly for use according to Figures 1a-1f The system

[0180] Figures 6a-6c It shows Figures 5a to 5e Alternative implementations of the connector shown,

[0181] Figures 7a-7d A fitting for connection with a rigid pipe is shown, particularly for use according to Figures 2a to 2f The system, and

[0182] Figures 8a-8e A connector for connection with a flexible tube is shown, particularly for use according to Figures 2a to 2f The system. Detailed Implementation

[0183] In the following description of different embodiments of the invention, components and elements having the same function and the same manner of operation are given the same reference numerals, even though these components and elements may differ in size or shape in different embodiments.

[0184] The following describes embodiments of the systems for connecting rigid pipes and for connecting flexible pipes according to the present invention. Details of the various joints of the present invention will then be discussed.

[0185] Figure 1a and Figure 1b A first system 2 according to the invention is shown for connecting a rigid tube 4 and a flexible tube 6, wherein tubes 4 and 6 have corresponding outer diameters. System 2 has a crimping clamp 10 having a crimping profile 8, an upper crimping clamp half 10a and a lower crimping clamp half 10b, which will be described below. This crimping clamp is suitable for crimping different joints 20 and 40.

[0186] according to Figure 1a The system 2 also has at least one first connector 20 for crimping connection with the rigid tube 4, wherein the at least one first connector 20 has a first crimping sleeve 21 having a first outer contour 22.

[0187] Furthermore, according to Figure 1b The system 2 has at least one second connector 40 for crimping connection with the flexible tube 6, wherein the at least one second connector 40 has a second crimping sleeve 41 with a second outer contour 42.

[0188] According to the present invention, the outer contour 22 of the first crimping sleeve 21 and the outer contour 42 of the second crimping sleeve 41 are respectively matched at least in sections with the crimping contour 8 of the crimping pliers 10 and can be crimped by the crimping pliers 10.

[0189] exist Figure 1a and Figure 1bThe components are shown in a cross-sectional view, illustrating the upper crimping clamp half 10a and the lower crimping clamp half 10b abutting against connectors 20 and 40 before crimping. Further details of the crimping clamp 10 and the two connectors 20 and 40 will be described in conjunction with other accompanying drawings.

[0190] Therefore, according to the present invention, in order to crimp and permanently seal the first connector 20 for connection with the rigid tube 4 and the second connector 40 for connection with the flexible tube 6, the same crimping pliers 10 having the same crimping profile 8 can be used. This feature is particularly suitable for rigid tubes 4 and flexible tubes 6 having the same or at least matching outer diameters.

[0191] This reduces costs on the construction site because identical crimping pliers 10 with the same crimping profile 8 and the same crimping tool (not shown) are used to generate the necessary crimping force in order to connect rigid pipes 4 and flexible pipes 6 of the same size. During the linear movement of the crimping tool, which preferably produces a push rod or piston, the two crimping pliers 10 are moved toward each other to the closed position by means of the entry profile, thereby causing the crimping sleeves 21 or 41 to deform radially inward.

[0192] In addition, crimping pliers can also be designed as components of crimping rings, the protruding ends of which are pressed together by means of a crimping device so as to cause radially inward deformation.

[0193] As detailed at the beginning, connectors 20 or 40 are specifically understood as straight-line connections. Similarly, reversing connectors in the form of bends, reduction fittings, branch fittings, or T-shaped or cross-shaped fittings with two or more crimp sections are also possible. Furthermore, a connector, or pipe fitting, can be a valve with only one crimp section.

[0194] Since the outer contour 22 of the first crimping sleeve 21 and the outer contour 42 of the second crimping sleeve 41 respectively match at least segmentally the crimping contour 8 of the crimping pliers 10, when the crimping pliers 10 closes, the crimping contour 8 on one side gradually and at least segmentally comes into contact with at least one segment of the outer contour 22 of the first crimping sleeve 21 or the outer contour 42 of the second crimping sleeve 41 on the other side in a ground-like manner. By closing the crimping pliers 10 to the predetermined final position, the crimping sleeves 21 and 41 are completely compressed and deformed. Here, the crimping sleeves 21 and 41 are deformed in the same manner by the crimping pliers 10 in geometrically consistent segments. This achieves the effect according to the invention, that is, one crimping pliers 10 is suitable for two different crimping sleeves 21 and 41 of two types of joints 20 and 40. In particular, the crimping sleeves 21 and 41 can be constructed to be largely identical.

[0195] Figure 1a and Figure 1bThe dimensions of different parameters used to characterize the geometry of the joints 20, 40 for the rigid tube 4 and the flexible tube 6 before crimping are also shown, as well as the geometry of the crimping clamp 10.

[0196] Figure 1c and Figure 1d The figure shows the state under compression. Figure 1a and Figure 1b The figure shows system 2 for connecting rigid tube 4 and flexible tube 6. The figure also shows the dimensions of different parameters of the geometry of the joints 20, 40 that characterize the geometry of the rigid tube 4 and the flexible tube 6 after crimping, as well as the geometry of the crimping clamp 10.

[0197] Figure 1a The inner diameter DK (starr) of the chamber 23 of the crimping sleeve 21, the wall thickness s (starr) of the crimping sleeve 21 in the area to be crimped in the joint 20, and the outer diameter DR (starr) of the rigid tube 4 to be accommodated are shown respectively in the state before crimping.

[0198] exist Figure 1c The image shows the inner diameter DPK (starr) of the crimping profile 8 of the crimping clamp 10 in the crimping area of ​​the first joint 20 after crimping.

[0199] Depend on Figure 1a and 1c The dimensions shown give the compressibility β(starr), which is given by the following formula.

[0200]

[0201] The compressibility β(starr) is preferably a value of β(starr) < 1.5. Such a compressibility ensures a sealing connection with high tensile strength and minimizes the formation of wrinkles in the pipes and fittings to be connected during compression. Preferably, for a sealing connection with high tensile strength, the compressibility β(starr) is β(starr) < 0.12, and particularly preferably a value of β(starr) < 0.10.

[0202] When the compression β(starr) is 0, corresponding to a compression of 0%, the joint and the pipe to be connected are not subjected to a sealed compression. At a compression of 0.15 or greater, corresponding to a compression of 15% or greater, the joint or pipe to be compressed is excessively deformed, resulting in wrinkles in the material to be compressed and excessive crimping force used to deform the joint and pipe to be compressed.

[0203] Figure 1b shows the inner diameter DK (flex) of the chamber 43 of the crimping sleeve 41 in the state before crimping, the wall thickness s (flex) of the crimping sleeve 41 in the crimping area of ​​the joint 40, and the outer diameter DR (flex) of the flexible tube 6 to be accommodated.

[0204] exist Figure 1d The image shows the inner diameter DPK (flex) of the crimp profile 8 of the crimping clamp 10 in the crimping area of ​​the second connector 40 after crimping.

[0205] By Figure 1b and Figure 1d The dimensions shown in the figure yield the compressibility β (flex), which is given by the following formula.

[0206]

[0207] The compressibility β(flex) is preferably a value of β(flex) < 0.15. Such a compressibility ensures a sealing connection with high tensile strength and minimizes the formation of wrinkles in the pipes and fittings to be connected during compression. Preferably, for a sealing connection with high tensile strength, the compressibility β(flex) is β(flex) < 0.12, and particularly preferably a value of β(flex) < 0.10.

[0208] When the compressibility β (flex) is 0, corresponding to a compression of 0%, the joint and the pipe to be connected are not subjected to a sealed compression. It has also been shown that at a compression of 0.15 or greater, corresponding to a compression of 15% or greater, the joint or pipe to be compressed is excessively deformed, resulting in wrinkles in the material to be compressed and excessive crimping force used to deform the joint and pipe to be compressed.

[0209] Combination Figure 1a , Figure 1b , Figure 1c and Figure 1d The ratio τ of the compressibility β(starr) and β(flex) is derived from the dimensions, where τ is given by the following formula.

[0210]

[0211] The ratio τ is preferably a value within the range of [0.50; 1.50]. With this ratio τ, it can be ensured that the compression of the joint used to connect the rigid pipe 4 and the compression of the joint used to connect the flexible pipe 6 are as similar as possible, so that the compression can achieve a sealed connection between the joint and the pipe to be connected in two compression processes using the same crimping tool.

[0212] In this way, when the joint and the rigid tube 4 are optimally compressed, the joint and the flexible tube 6 can be prevented from collapsing or being under-compressed when the same crimping tool and crimping pliers 10 are used for compression. Simultaneously, when the joint and the flexible tube 6 are optimally compressed, the joint and the rigid tube 4 can be prevented from collapsing or being under-compressed when the same crimping tool is used for compression. For optimal compression of both the rigid and flexible tubes, the ratio τ is preferably taken from the range [0.75; 1.25], and particularly preferably [0.80; 1.20].

[0213] It has been found that at a ratio τ < 0.5, under optimal compression conditions between the joint and the rigid tube 4, the joint used to connect to the flexible tube 6 is over-compressed when compressed with the same crimping tool, resulting in wrinkling and collapse of the flexible tube 6. Conversely, for a ratio τ > 1.5, under optimal compression conditions between the joint and the rigid tube 4, compression with the same crimping tool results in insufficient compression between the joint and the flexible tube 6. This insufficient compression typically leads to a loose connection between the joint and the flexible tube 6 and insufficient tensile strength.

[0214] Furthermore, when the ratio τ > 1.5, under optimal compression conditions between the joint and the flexible tube 6, the joint used to connect to the rigid tube 4 is over-compressed when compressed with the same crimping tool, resulting in wrinkling and collapse of the rigid tube 4. Moreover, excessive compression of the joint used to connect to the rigid tube 4 may damage the sealing element and / or other components within the chamber 23 of the crimping sleeve 21. Conversely, under optimal compression conditions between the joint and the flexible tube 6, a ratio τ < 0.5 results in insufficient compression between the joint and the rigid tube 4 when compressed with the same crimping tool. This insufficient compression typically leads to a loose connection between the joint and the rigid tube 4 and insufficient tensile strength.

[0215] Figure 2a and Figure 2b A second system 102 according to the invention is shown for connecting a rigid tube 4 and a flexible tube 6, wherein tubes 4 and 6 have corresponding outer diameters. System 102 has a crimping clamp half 110a with a crimping profile 108 of a crimping clamp 110, which is adapted to crimp different joints 120 and 140 as described below.

[0216] System 102 has at least one first connector 120 for crimping connection with rigid tube 4, wherein the at least one first connector 120 has a first crimping sleeve 121 having a first outer contour 122.

[0217] System 102 also includes at least one second connector 140 for crimping connection with the flexible tube 6, wherein the at least one second connector 140 includes a second crimping sleeve 141 having a second outer contour 142.

[0218] According to the present invention, the outer contour 122 of the first crimping sleeve 121 and the outer contour 142 of the second crimping sleeve 141 are respectively matched at least in sections with the crimping contour 108 of the crimping pliers 110 and can be crimped by the crimping pliers 110.

[0219] Unlike the first system 2, in system 102, the first crimping sleeve 121 has a first additional crimping section 121a, and the second crimping sleeve 141 has a second additional crimping section 141b. As can be seen in Figure 2, the first additional crimping section 121a and the second additional crimping section 141b have different outer contours from each other, and can be deformed segmentally by the crimping pliers 110 and their crimping contour 108 using corresponding sections 108a and 108b. Therefore, different functionalities can be molded in the crimping sleeves 121 and 141 using the same crimping pliers 110 for both rigid tube 4 and flexible tube 6. Furthermore, since the crimping sleeves 121 and 141 have consistent crimping sections 121c and 141c, they deform in the same manner during crimping by the same section 108c of the crimping contour 108 of the crimping pliers 110.

[0220] Figure 1e and Figure 1f The two connectors 20 and 40 are shown in a side view. The outer contours 22 and 42 of the two crimping sleeves 21 and 41 are identical, so that the same crimping pliers 10 can be used to crimp the sleeves 21 and 41. The corresponding connectors 120 and 140 are also shown in the side view. Figure 2e and Figure 2f The same consistency is shown in the crimp sleeves 121 and 141.

[0221] As in Figures 1a to 2f As shown, the crimping sleeves 22, 122 and 42, 142 each have chambers 23, 123 and 43, 143 pointing inward toward the tube 4 or 6 to be accommodated, for accommodating other functional elements required for crimping and sealing the connection. The shapes and operating modes of these other functional elements with different constructions are illustrated in conjunction with other figures. Therefore, chambers 23, 123 or 42, 142 with identical or similar constructions accommodate different functional elements.

[0222] and Figure 1a and Figure 1b similar, Figure 2a and Figure 2b The dimensions of different parameters used to characterize the geometry of the joints 120 and 140 for the rigid tube 4 and the flexible tube 6 before crimping are shown, as well as the geometry of the crimping clamp 10.

[0223] also, Figure 2c and Figure 2d Similar to Figure 1c and Figure 1d It shows the state under compression. Figure 2a and Figure 2d The system 102 shown is used to connect a rigid tube 4 and a flexible tube 6. The figure shows the dimensions of different parameters of the geometry of the joints 120 and 140, which characterize the geometry of the rigid tube 4 and the flexible tube 6 after crimping, as well as the geometry of the crimping clamp 10.

[0224] Figure 2a The inner diameter DK (starr) of the chamber 123 of the crimp sleeve 121 in the state before compression, the wall thickness s (starr) of the crimp sleeve 121 in the compression area of ​​the connector 120, and the diameter DR (starr) of the rigid tube 4 to be accommodated are shown respectively.

[0225] exist Figure 2c The diagram shows the inner diameter DPK (starr) of the crimp profile 108 of the crimping clamp 110 in the crimping area of ​​the first connector 120 after crimping.

[0226] Depend on Figure 2a and Figure 2c The given dimensions yield the compressibility β(starr) described with reference to Figure 1, which is given by the following formula.

[0227]

[0228] Figure 2b The inner diameter DK (flex) of the chamber 143 of the crimp sleeve 141, the wall thickness s (flex) of the crimp sleeve 141 in the area to be crimped in the connector 140, and the diameter DR (flex) of the flexible tube 6 to be accommodated are shown respectively in the state before crimping.

[0229] exist Figure 2d The image shows the inner diameter DPK (flex) of the crimping profile 108 of the crimping clamp 110 in the crimping area of ​​the second connector 140 after crimping.

[0230] By Figure 2b and Figure 2d The dimensions shown in the figure yield the compressibility β(flex) already described with reference to FIG1, which is given by the following formula.

[0231]

[0232] Figures 3a to 3iAn embodiment of the first system 2 according to the invention, based on FIG1, is shown, illustrating different parameters for determining the geometry of the joint characterizing the rigid and flexible tubes. The joint is shown here only by means of the crimp sleeve 21 or 41 and the inserted tube 4 or 6, but without the necessary compression elements within the joint. These parameters are determined below based on the dimensions of the chamber 23 or 43, such as height, length, and volume.

[0233] first, Figure 3a A first connector 20 for assembling a rigid tube 4 is shown, the first connector having a crimping sleeve 21 having an inwardly pointing chamber 23. (As shown in...) Figure 3a As can be seen, the chamber length LK(starr) is defined as the length of the section of chamber 23 in which the outer contour 22 of chamber 23 extends substantially parallel to the outer shell of the rigid tube 4 surrounded by connector 20. Therefore, LK(starr) is defined as the length of the section between the sections of the outer contour 22 of chamber 23 that bend toward tube 4.

[0234] Furthermore, it can be seen that the inner diameter DK(starr) of chamber 23 is defined without considering the wall thickness of chamber 23, while the outer diameter DR(starr) of the rigid tube 4 to be accommodated is defined with the wall thickness of tube 4 included. Therefore, the height of chamber 23 is given by the difference DK(starr) - DR(starr). The chamber volume is thus obtained.

[0235]

[0236] Figure 3b A second connector 40 for crimping the flexible tube 6 is shown, the second connector having a crimping sleeve 41 having an inwardly pointing chamber 43. Similar to... Figure 3a ,exist Figure 3b As can be seen, the chamber length LK (flex) is defined as the length of the section of chamber 43 in which the outer contour 42 of chamber 43 extends substantially parallel to the outer shell of the flexible tube 6 surrounded by connector 40. Therefore, LK (flex) is defined as the length of the section between the sections of the outer contour 42 of chamber 43 that bend toward tube 6.

[0237] Furthermore, it can be seen that the inner diameter DK(flex) of chamber 43 is defined without considering the wall thickness of chamber 43, while the outer diameter DR(flex) of the flexible tube 6 to be accommodated is defined with the wall thickness s(flex) of tube 6 included. Therefore, the height of chamber 43 is given by the difference DK(flex) - DR(flex). The chamber volume is thus obtained.

[0238]

[0239] These chamber volumes can form a proportion

[0240]

[0241] According to Figure 3a and Figure 3b The aforementioned dimensions can also form the ratios ε(starr) and ε(flex) of the chamber height and length. Here, ε(starr) is defined by the following formula.

[0242]

[0243] ε (flex) is defined by the following formula

[0244]

[0245] Alternatively, the proportion α can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0246]

[0247] The value of α is taken from the numerical range [0.50; 3.00], preferably [0.50; 1.50], and particularly preferably [0.75; 1.25].

[0248] Therefore, α gives the ratio of the chamber height ((DK(starr)-DR(flex) / 2) and chamber length DK(starr) of the crimping sleeve 21 of the connector 20 for crimping rigid tube 4 to the ratio of the chamber height ((DK(starr)-DR(flex) / 2) and chamber length DK(starr) of the crimping sleeve 41 of the connector 40 for crimping flexible tube 6.

[0249] Figures 3c to 3i The following are respectively shown by Figure 3a The first connector 20 shown and Figure 3b The pairing of the second connector 40 shown is such that, by varying the dimensions of connectors 20 and 40, the ratio of the chamber volume of chambers 23 and 43 or the ratio of the chamber height to the chamber length obtains different values, where both ratios are represented by δ.

[0250] according to Figure 3c With a ratio δ = 1 or α = 1, the internal space of chambers 23 and 43 provides sufficient space for the components to be accommodated by chambers 23 and 43, such as O-rings or claw rings. Furthermore, this ensures optimal compression for both the first connector 20 and the second connector 40.

[0251] exist Figures 3d to 3f Examples of dimensions for which the ratio δ < 0.5 or α < 0.5 are shown, respectively. Dimensions chosen in this way yield either... Figure 3d As shown, the chamber length of the chamber 23 of the first connector 20 is too short, or as... Figure 3f As shown, the height of chamber 23 is too low, leaving no space for components to be accommodated by chamber 23, or as... Figure 3e As shown, the chamber height of the second connector 40 chamber 43 is too high, resulting in excessive compression.

[0252] exist Figures 3g to 3i Examples of dimensions with proportions δ > 1.5 or α > 1.5 are shown, respectively. Dimensions chosen in this way yield either... Figure 3g As shown, the chamber length of the second connector 40 chamber 43 is too short, or as... Figure 3h As shown, the chamber height of the second connector 40's chamber 43 is too low, leaving no space for the components to be accommodated by the chamber 43, or as... Figure 3i As shown, the chamber height of the chamber 23 of the first connector 20 is too high, resulting in excessive compression.

[0253] In other embodiments of the connector, the limiting values ​​0.5 <= δ <= 3.00 or 0.5 <= α <= 3.00 can also be used respectively.

[0254] Figure 3j and Figure 3k An embodiment of the second system 102 according to the invention, having connectors 120 and 140, is shown.

[0255] first, Figure 3j A first connector 120 for crimping a rigid tube 4 is shown, the first connector having a crimping sleeve 121 having an inwardly pointing chamber 123. (See diagram below.) Figure 3j As shown, the chamber length LK(starr) is defined as the length of a segment of chamber 123 in which the outer contour 122 of chamber 123 extends substantially parallel to the outer shell of the rigid tube 4 surrounded by connector 120. Therefore, LK(starr) is defined as the length of the segment between the segments of the outer contour 122 of chamber 123 that bend toward tube 4. Furthermore, it can be seen that the chamber diameter DK(starr) is defined without considering the wall thickness of chamber 123, while DR(starr), the diameter of the rigid tube 4 to be accommodated, is defined with the wall thickness of tube 4 included. Therefore, the height of chamber 123 is given by the difference DK(starr) - DR(starr).

[0256] exist Figure 3k The image shows a second connector 140 for crimping the flexible tube 6, which has a crimping sleeve 141 with an inwardly pointing chamber 143. Similar to... Figure 3j ,exist Figure 3kAs can be seen, the chamber length LK(flex) is defined as the length of a segment of chamber 143 in which the outer contour 142 of chamber 143 extends substantially parallel to the outer shell of the flexible tube 6 surrounded by connector 140. Therefore, LK(flex) is defined as the length of the segment between the segments of the outer contour 142 of chamber 143 that bend toward tube 6. Furthermore, it can be seen that the chamber diameter DK(flex) is defined without considering the wall thickness of chamber 143, while DR(flex), the diameter of the flexible tube 6 to be accommodated, is defined with the wall thickness s(flex) of tube 6 included. Therefore, the height of chamber 143 is given by the difference DK(flex) - DK(flex).

[0257] For connectors 120 and 140, these definitions are derived.

[0258] chamber volume

[0259]

[0260] and

[0261]

[0262] and their proportions

[0263]

[0264] Similarly, α through The ratio of the chamber height ((DK(starr)-DR(flex) / 2) and chamber length DK(starr) of the crimping sleeve 121 of the connector 120 for extruding rigid tube 4 to the ratio of the chamber height ((DK(starr)-DR(flex) / 2) and chamber length DK(starr) of the crimping sleeve 141 of the connector 140 for extruding flexible tube 6 is derived and given.

[0265] Figures 3l to 3r Now shown is the work by Figure 3j The first connector 120 shown and Figure 3k The pairing of the second connector 140 shown is such that different values ​​are obtained by varying the dimensions, the ratio of the chamber volume or the ratio of the chamber height to the chamber length, where the two ratios are represented by δ or α.

[0266] like Figure 3l As shown, with a ratio δ = 1 or α = 1, the internal space of chambers 123 and 143 provides sufficient space for the components to be accommodated by chambers 123 and 143, such as sealing elements. Furthermore, this ensures optimal compressibility for both the first connector 120 and the second connector 140.

[0267] exist Figures 3m to 3o The example shown is a size from which the ratio δ < 0.5 or α < 0.5 is derived. Sizes chosen in this way are either... Figure 3m As shown, the chamber length of the chamber 123 of the first connector 120 is too short, or as... Figure 3o As shown, the height of chamber 123 is too low, leaving no space for components to be accommodated by chamber 123, or as... Figure 3n As shown, the chamber height of the chamber 143 of the second connector 140 is too high, resulting in excessive compression.

[0268] exist Figures 3p to 3r Examples of dimensions with proportions δ > 1.5 or α > 1.5 are shown, respectively. Dimensions chosen in this way yield either... Figure 3p As shown, the chamber length of the second connector 140 chamber 143 is too short, or as... Figure 3q As shown, the chamber height of the second connector 140's chamber 143 is too low, leaving no space for the components to be accommodated by the chamber 143, or as... Figure 3r As shown, the chamber height of the chamber 123 of the first connector 120 is too high, resulting in excessive compression.

[0269] In other embodiments of the connector, the limiting values ​​0.5 <= δ <= 3.00 or 0.5 <= α <= 3.00 can also be used respectively.

[0270] The various embodiments of connectors 20, 120, 40, and 140 are described in detail below with the aid of other accompanying drawings.

[0271] Figures 4a to 4e It shows the method for using according to Figures 1a to 1f The first embodiment of the aforementioned system 2 is a connector 20 for connection with a rigid pipe 4. This connector has a base 24 and a stop 25 constructed circumferentially and projecting inwardly within the base 24. Furthermore, a crimping sleeve 21 connected to the base 24 and forming an outer contour 22 is provided, having a chamber 23 pointing inwardly toward the pipe 4 to be accommodated. A clamping ring 26 made of plastic is arranged in the chamber 23, the clamping ring having a plurality of clamping elements 27 oriented against the pull-out direction of the pipe 4 to be pushed in. Additionally, a seal 28 is arranged adjacent to the stop 25 in the chamber 23, the seal having a circular section 28a and a flat section 28b forming a lip seal.

[0272] The crimping sleeve 21 is integrated with the base 24, so that the crimping section in the form of the crimping sleeve 21 and the base 24 can be manufactured in one piece in an advantageous manner.

[0273] The stop 25 here consists of two inwardly pointing and radially opposed recesses 25a, which are configured, for example, as stamping points. Therefore, the tube stop is point-like and not circumferential, thus avoiding dead zones even when the tube 4 is pushed in and the seal 28 seals in the area of ​​the stop 25. Figure 4b In the diagram, a pair of radially opposed stamping points are shown on each side of the connector 20, one pair for each connector side.

[0274] A clamping ring 26 is used to prevent the tube 4 from being pulled out and / or subjected to excessive internal pressure. This clamping ring 26 is designed as a plastic clamping ring and contains metal cutters serving as clamping elements 27. Furthermore, the plastic clamping ring 26 has circumferential slits 26a and 26b, which make the clamping ring 26 flexible overall and thus facilitate assembly within the crimping sleeve 21 into the connector 20. Additionally, the clamping ring 26 can thus be constructed as a closed, circumferential ring, and its radius can be more easily reduced during compression.

[0275] The clamping element 27 is implemented as a cutting element in the form of a wire component, which is pushed into a groove provided for this purpose. Therefore, the clamping element 27 is form-fitted into the plastic of the clamping ring 26. The clamping element 27 can be manufactured in different ways, for example as a casting or a stamping. The number of clamping elements 27 is six in this example, but can be determined according to requirements or the size of the clamping ring 27.

[0276] Furthermore, clamping member 27 is arranged in the region on the distal side of chamber 23, opposite to stop member 25, and clamping member 27 absorbs pull-out force by causing point deformation of tube 4, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4e The clamping element 27 is supported on the wall of the outer corner region 21a on the far side of the crimping sleeve 21. This ensures a direct flow of force from the tube 4 through the crimping sleeve 21 into the connector 4. The clamping ring 26 provides only support after crimping and contributes little or no to preventing pull-out.

[0277] Furthermore, the clamping ring 26 has inwardly pointing tabs 26c spaced apart from the clamping member 27, wherein the tabs 26c define an internal cross-section that is the same as or slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the tube 4. The tabs 26c correspond to the joint 20. Figure 4d The tube 4 is held in an uncompressed state so that it does not slip out of the connector 20. In addition, inwardly pointing tabs 26d are also constructed, which guide the tube 4 to be pushed in during insertion.

[0278] Furthermore, the tab 26c is formed as a guide for the tube 4 when it is pushed into the connector 20. If the inner cross-section of the inner surface of the tab 26c is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the tube 4, it provides little resistance to the tube 4 when it is pushed in. Therefore, the user receives tactile feedback that the tube 4 has been inserted into the connector when pushing in the tube 4.

[0279] The seal 28 is configured as a lip seal with sections 28a and 28b, and after compression, seals the gap 29 between the tube 4 and the crimping sleeve 21 up to the end 4a of the inserted tube 4. For this purpose, the seal 28 is positioned on one side by a circular section 28a within the chamber 23 abutting against the inclined section and thereby being positioned. The flat section 28b is disposed between the crimping sleeve 21 and the tube 4 to be pushed in, which is particularly important in… Figure 4e It is produced in a compressed state. Therefore, after compression, the gap 29 is filled.

[0280] By comparison Figure 4d and Figure 4e The compression process can be observed. The two crimping clamp halves 10a and 10b move radially inward, and the crimping sleeve 21 is deformed radially inward by the contact of the crimping contours 8 of the two crimping clamp halves 10a and 10b. This deforms the clamping ring 26 so that the clamping member 27 is pressed inward into the material of the tube 4, thereby fixing the tube 4 to the connector 20. On the other hand, when the crimping sleeve 21 deforms, the sealing member 28, especially the section 28b which is a lip seal, also deforms radially inward, and the sealing member 28 seals the gap 29.

[0281] Therefore, the use of seal 28 ensures a high degree of hygiene and prevents crevice corrosion. The combination of dotted pipe stops 25 prevents dead zones where the medium can accumulate. Furthermore, the lip seal ensures system tightness.

[0282] Figures 5a to 5e It shows the method for using according to Figures 1a to 1f The system 2 includes a connector 40 for connection to a flexible tube 6. The connector 40 has a base 44 and a crimping sleeve 41 connected thereto and forming an outer contour 42. The crimping sleeve 41 forms a chamber 43 facing inward toward the tube 6 to be received, in which a force-transfer ring 46 is arranged. Furthermore, a support 50 is provided, connected to the base 44 and having a sealing contour 48 pointing outward toward the tube 6 to be pushed in.

[0283] The crimping sleeve 41 and the support 50 are arranged spaced apart from each other and define an intermediate space for introducing and receiving the tube 6, such as from... Figure 5d As can be seen from the text.

[0284] The crimp sleeve 41 and the support 50 are connected to the base 44 by welding material. The support 50 is essential for sealing the flexible tube 6, especially the multilayer composite tube, relative to the joint 40. The support 50 is preferably made of metal and offers significantly improved chemical stability and robustness compared to supports made of solid plastic.

[0285] Furthermore, the crimping sleeve 41 has a recess 41a in the form of a stamped point in its wall for an internal locking mechanism between the force transmission ring 46 and the crimping sleeve 41. The force transmission ring 46 is thus positioned and secured in the crimping sleeve 41.

[0286] The force transmission ring 46 has cylindrical sections 46a and 46b and an inwardly projecting rib 46c for abutting against the tube 6 to be pushed in.

[0287] The seal of the joint 40 relative to the pipe 6 is preferably ensured by the sealing profile 48 of the support 50 and by the force transmission through the force transmission ring 46 without the need for an additional soft seal.

[0288] The compression of connector 40 Figure 5d and Figure 5e A comparison is evident between them. The two crimping clamp halves 10a and 10b move radially inward and, through the contact of the crimping profiles 8 of the two crimping clamp halves 10a and 10b, the crimping sleeve 41 deforms radially inward. As a result, the force transmission ring 46 is deformed to transmit force to the material of the tube 6. The tube 6 is thus deformed radially inward and thereby pressed sealingly against the sealing profile 48 of the support 50. Here, a seal is achieved at the outer end 50a of the support 50 facing the tube 6, thus preventing dead zones from being created in this area.

[0289] For example, retaining ribs 48a of the sealing profile 48 prevent tube 6 from being pulled out.

[0290] also, Figures 5a to 5e As shown, a segment 46d of the force transmission ring 46 extends axially from the crimping sleeve 41 and forms a segment of the outer contour 42 to be crimped. This design achieves a different appearance from connector 20, simplifying the distinction between connectors 20 and 40 in the system.

[0291] Furthermore, the crimping sleeve 41 has an observation window 51, which allows for inspection of the insertion of the tube 6. If the tube 6 has a particular color, that color can be clearly seen through the observation window 51 in the crimping sleeve 41 as a signal color.

[0292] Figure 6a A first alternative embodiment of the connector 40 is shown, wherein the crimp sleeve 41 is connected to the base 44 as a separate component via a weld 44a in a material-fit manner, while the support 50 is integrally formed with the base 44.

[0293] The descriptions of connectors 20 and 40 show that the outer contours 22 and 42 of the crimp sleeves 21 and 41 are largely consistent. Therefore, connectors 20 and 40 are suitable for applications such as... Figures 1a to 1fThe system shown. When the user switches between crimping connector 20 and crimping connector 40, connectors 20 and 40 can be crimped using the same crimping pliers 10 without changing the crimping tool.

[0294] Figure 6b Another alternative embodiment of the uncompressed connector 40 is shown, wherein the same reference numerals denote the same or similar components that have the same function.

[0295] According to Figure 6b In this embodiment, an axial extension 46e of the force transmission ring 46 segment 46d is provided, which simplifies and improves the attachment of the crimping tool. Furthermore, the rib 46c is constructed with an axially inward bias, thereby overcoming friction and related tactile signals when the tube is pushed in and connected at an axial position closer to the maximum insertion depth.

[0296] In addition, according to Figure 6b The connector 40 has a support body 50 on the outer side of which a circumferential, radially inwardly extending recess in the form of a raised portion 50b is formed. A seal in the form of an O-ring 53 is provided in the raised portion 50b, which abuts against its inner side when the tube is pushed and provides additional sealing during compression. This configuration is more conducive to flow than a continuous small inner diameter.

[0297] Compared to connector 40 Figure 6a Another change in the design is that the observation window 51 is offset along the axial direction toward the substrate 44 and is no longer located in the area of ​​the crimping profile 8. The advantage of this design is that the observation window is visible during the extrusion process and is not obscured by the crimping profile.

[0298] Figure 6c Another embodiment is shown, which is substantially the same as that according to Figure 6b The implementation method is the same, except that other sizes are selected.

[0299] and Figure 6a and Figure 6c The difference is that, in Figure 6b The middle matrix 44 is a solid machined part, while... Figure 6a and Figure 6c The matrix 46 is a molded component.

[0300] Figures 7a to 7d It shows the method for using according to Figures 2a to 2fThe system includes a connector 120 for connection to a rigid pipe 4. The connector 120 has a base 124 and a crimp sleeve 121 connected thereto and forming an outer contour 122, wherein the crimp sleeve 121 has a chamber 123 pointing inwardly toward the pipe 4 to be received. At the distal end of the crimp sleeve 121, a sleeve section 121a extending beyond the chamber 123 is formed. The sleeve section 121a here forms a segment of the deformable outer contour 122. Furthermore, a seal 128 is provided in the chamber 123.

[0301] The crimp sleeve 121 is shaped to fit the base 124 in section 121b, thereby creating a reduced diameter portion of the base 124 in section 124a. Thus, the crimp sleeve 121 is fixedly connected to the base 124.

[0302] Furthermore, the inner section 124b of the base 124 extends radially within the chamber 123 toward the tube 4 to be pushed in. A section 128a of the seal 128 is arranged between the crimping sleeve 121 and the inner section 124b of the base 124, and another section 128b of the seal 128 is arranged between the crimping sleeve 121 and the tube 4 to be pushed in, such as by… Figure 7c and Figure 7d As can be seen in the text.

[0303] The seal 128 fills the main part of the chamber 123 and thus seals both on the base 124 side and on the rigid tube 4, which is pushed into the base 4 at its end. This achieves separation between the area of ​​the base 124 that is in contact with the medium and the area of ​​the crimp sleeve 121 that is not in contact with the medium. Furthermore, the long seal 128 allows for high tolerances in the correct insertion depth of the tube 4 and generally ensures a virtually gapless connection between the connector 102 and the tube 4.

[0304] Furthermore, the sleeve section 121a and the seal 128 have inwardly projecting protrusions 121c and circumferentially distributed protrusions 128c for guiding and retaining the tube 4. This achieves retention of the tube 4, tactile feedback for controlling the insertion depth during insertion by overcoming the protrusions 121c and 128c, and also guides the tube during insertion. Conversely, the similarly circumferentially arranged protrusions 128d of the seal 128 are already abutting against the outer side of the inner section 124b in an uncompressed state.

[0305] In the front section of the crimp sleeve 121, the protrusion 121c, which is stamped in the factory, is also used to locally deform the rigid tube 4 during extrusion. Therefore, a clamping ring with a retaining function is not required in this structure. Furthermore, rotational strength is ensured after extrusion using the protrusion 121c.

[0306] pass Figure 7c and Figure 7dThe crimping process is illustrated by comparison. The two crimping clamp halves 110a and 110b move radially inward, and the crimping sleeve 121 is radially deformed inward by the contact of the crimping profile 108 of the two crimping clamp halves 110a and 110b. Sections 108a and 108c of the crimping profile 108 abut against sections 121a and 121c of the crimping sleeve 121, causing the crimping sleeve 121 to deform radially inward in these two sections. Thus, on the one hand, section 121a is deformed onto the tube 4, wherein section 121a can be constructed entirely circumferentially or only in sections. On the other hand, the deformation of section 121c causes deformation of the seal 128, thereby sealing the tube 4 relative to the crimping sleeve 121. Here, section 128a and the protrusion 128d of the seal 128 are pressed against the outer side of the inner section 124a of the base 124. Similarly, section 128b and ring 128c are pressed against the outside of pipe 4. Thus, not only the base 124 of connector 120, but also pipe 4 is sealed relative to the externally located crimp sleeve 121.

[0307] As from Figure 7c and Figure 7d As further evidenced, the inserted tube 4 impacts section 124b of the base 124 at its end. This avoids changes in cross-section at the transition between the tube 4 and the connector 120.

[0308] Figure 7e The annular seal is shown in perspective, while Figure 7f and Figure 7g The seal 128 is shown in two views cut at different azimuth angles. The surrounding and inwardly pointing raised sections 128a and 128b additionally have inwardly pointing protrusions 128c and 128d, which have the aforementioned functions.

[0309] Figures 8a to 8d It shows the method for using according to Figures 2a to 2f The system 102 includes a connector 140 for connection to a flexible tube 6. The connector 140 has a base 144 to which a crimping sleeve 141 forming an outer contour 142 is mated. Furthermore, the crimping sleeve 141 has a chamber 143 pointing inwards toward the tube 6 to be received, in which a force-transmitting ring 146 is arranged. A support 150 is also mated to the base 144, and the support has a sealing contour 148 pointing outwards toward the tube 6 to be pushed in. Alternatively, the support 150 may be constructed as a single piece with the base 144. Therefore, the connector 140 has a three-piece structure on each side to be crimped, consisting of the base 144 and the crimping sleeve 141 and support 150 connected thereto.

[0310] The crimping sleeve 141 and the support 150 are arranged spaced apart from each other and define an annular space for introducing and receiving the tube 6.

[0311] Support 150 is necessary for sealing the flexible tube 6, especially multilayer composite tubes, relative to joint 140. Support 150 is preferably made of metal and achieves significantly improved chemical stability and robustness compared to supports made of solid plastics, such as polyphenylene sulfone (PPSU).

[0312] The force transmission ring 146 has toothed sections 146a for abutting against the tube 6 to be pushed in. This allows for the guidance and retention of the tube 6, ensuring a reliable position of the tube 4 relative to the connector 140 before crimping. Notches 146c are provided in the circumferential direction between the toothed sections 146a to improve the flexibility of the force transmission ring 146. Furthermore, the force transmission ring 146 is configured as a C-ring to simplify insertion into the crimping sleeve 141.

[0313] The seal of the connector 140 relative to the tube 6 is ensured by the sealing profile 148 and the force transmission through the force transmission ring 146 without the need for an additional soft seal. The flexible tube 6 is pressed against the sealing profile 148 by the deformation of the compression sleeve 141 during compression, thereby achieving a sealing effect.

[0314] In the illustrated embodiment, a seal is applied to the outer end 150a of the support 150 facing the tube 6, thereby preventing dead zones from being generated after compression.

[0315] Similarly, the retaining rib 148a of the sealing profile 148 prevents the tube 6 from being pulled out.

[0316] Furthermore, the crimping sleeve 141 has a sleeve section 141b extending beyond the chamber 143, which forms a section of the outer contour 142 of the crimping sleeve 141 to be deformed by the crimping clamp 110. For this purpose, the crimping clamp 110 has a corresponding section 108b of the crimping contour 108.

[0317] By comparison Figure 8d and Figure 8e The crimping process is then completed. The two crimping clamp halves 110a and 110b move radially inward, and the crimping sleeve 121 is radially deformed inward by the contact of the crimping profile 108 of the two crimping clamp halves 110a and 110b. Sections 108b and 108c of the crimping profile 108 abut against sections 141b and 141c of the crimping sleeve 141, causing the crimping sleeve 141 to deform radially inward in these two sections. Thus, on the one hand, section 141b is deformed onto the tube 4, wherein section 141b can be constructed completely or only in sections on its circumference. On the other hand, the deformation of section 141c causes the tube 6 to deform onto the sealing profile 148 of the support 150.

[0318] The force transmission ring 146 also has inwardly protruding tabs 146b, which define an internal cross-section that is the same as or slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the tube 6. Thus, the tabs 146b distributed on the circumferential side guide and retain the tube 6.

[0319] Furthermore, the crimping sleeve 141 and the force transmission ring 146 have corresponding observation windows 151 and 152. Therefore, when the tube 6 is installed into the connector 140, the insertion depth of the tube 6 can be checked, because the seal of the tube 6 is achieved on the inside by the support 150.

[0320] exist Figure 8b The observation windows 151 and 152 shown in the image are in... Figure 8d and Figure 8e It is not visible in the middle because another section through the joint was chosen so that the inwardly protruding piece 146b can be shown.

[0321] in addition, Figures 7a to 7d and Figures 8a to 8d A system for connecting a rigid tube 4 and a flexible tube 6 is also shown. On one hand, the system includes multiple components for connecting... Figures 7a to 7d The connector 120 is connected to the rigid pipe 4. On the other hand, the system includes multiple... Figures 8a to 8d The connector 140 is used for connection to the flexible tube 6. The base 124 of the connector 120 and the base 144 of the connector 140 for connection to the rigid tube 6 are constructed in the same way.

[0322] The crimping sleeves 121 or 141 are respectively connected to the base 124 or 144. A support 150 is also added to the flexible tube 6. Furthermore, the base 124 or 144 has only a small deformation line and can therefore be made of a difficult-to-deform material, such as duplex steel or one of the aforementioned ferritic steels. The same base 124 or 144 can be used in the joint 120 of the rigid tube 4, and also in the joint 140 of the flexible tube 6, thereby realizing a modular structure for the joints of the system.

[0323] according to Figures 7a to 7d and Figures 8a to 8d The system for connecting rigid tube 4 and for connecting flexible tube 6 is also applicable to [the following] according to [the following] Figures 2a to 2f The system 102 according to the present invention.

[0324] However, in the respective applications of the rigid tube 4 and the flexible tube 6, the crimping sleeves 121 or 141 are different and are installed on the base 124 or 144 by force-fitting, for example, through factory crimping. Another advantage of the two-piece structure consisting of the base 124 or 144 and the crimping sleeve 121 or 141 is that the connector 120 or 140 is divided into the base 124 or 144, which contacts the medium, and the crimping sleeve 121 or 141, which does not contact the medium. Thus, for example, the base 124 or 144 and the support 150 can be manufactured from very high-quality corrosion-resistant materials, while inexpensive materials can be used for the crimping sleeve 121 or 141. In principle, the selection of materials can be made here specifically according to the corresponding requirements, i.e., according to the medium to be guided by the rigid tube 4 and / or the flexible tube 6.

[0325] The description of joints 120 and 140 reveals that the outer contours 122 and 142 are largely consistent with those of the crimp sleeves 121 and 141. Therefore, joints 120 and 140 are adapted as follows: Figures 2a to 2f The system shown. When the user switches between crimping connector 120 and crimping connector 140, connectors 120 and 140 can be crimped using the same crimping pliers 110 without changing the crimping tool.

Claims

1. A system (2; 102) for connecting rigid pipes (4) and for connecting flexible pipes (6), wherein These tubes (4, 6) have corresponding outer diameters, and the system has: Crimping pliers (10; 110) with crimping profiles (8; 108); At least one first joint (20; 120) for crimping connection with a rigid tube (4). - wherein, the at least one first joint (20; 120) is designed as an externally sealed joint and externally seals the rigid pipe (4) to be connected, and - wherein the at least one first connector (20; 120) includes a first crimp sleeve (21; 121) having a first outer contour (22; 122); At least one second connector (40; 140) is used for crimping connection with a flexible tube (6). - wherein, the at least one second connector (40; 140) is designed as an internally sealed connector and internally seals the flexible tube (6) to be connected, and - wherein the at least one second connector (40; 140) includes a second crimp sleeve (41; 141) having a second outer contour (42; 142). The outer contours (22; 122) of the first crimping sleeve (21; 121) and the outer contours (42; 142) of the second crimping sleeve (41; 141) are respectively matched at least in sections with the crimping contours (8; 108) of the crimping pliers (10; 110) and can be crimped by the crimping pliers (10; 110).

2. The system (2; 102) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer contours (22; 122; 42; 142) of the first crimping sleeve (21; 121) and the second crimping sleeve (41; 141) are at least segmentally identical.

3. The system (2; 102) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The crimping sleeves (21; 121; 41; 141) form chambers (23; 123; 43; 143) pointing inward toward the tubes (4, 6) to be accommodated, and At least one clamping element, a sealing element, and / or a force transmitting element are respectively accommodated in the chambers (23; 123; 43; 143).

4. The system (2; 102) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The chambers (23; 123) of the first crimping sleeve (21; 121) and the chambers (43; 143) of the second crimping sleeve (41; 141) accommodate different clamping elements, seals and / or force transmission elements.

5. The system (2; 102) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first crimping sleeve (121) has a first additional crimping section (121a). The second crimping sleeve (141) has a second additional crimping section (141b). The first additional crimping section (121a) and the second additional crimping section (141b) have different outer contours (108a; 108b) and can be deformed in sections by the crimping clamp (110).

6. The system (2; 102) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ratio of the volume V(starr) of the chamber (23, 123) of the crimping sleeve (21, 121) of the first connector (20, 120) to the volume V(flex) of the chamber (43, 143) of the crimping sleeve (41, 141) of the second connector (40, 143) is obtained by the following formula. , - The volume V (starr) is obtained by the following formula. ， Where LK (starr) is the length of the chamber (23, 123), DK (starr) is the inner diameter of the chamber (23, 123), and DR (starr) is the outer diameter of the rigid tube (4) to be accommodated. - The volume V (flex) is derived from the following formula. ， Where LK (flex) is the length of the chamber (43, 143), DK (flex) is the inner diameter of the chamber (43, 143), and DR (flex) is the diameter of the flexible tube (6) to be accommodated. The ratio is derived from the following formula. ,and - Use values ​​within the range [0.50; 3.00].

7. The system (2; 102) according to claim 6, characterized in that, Use values ​​within the range [0.50; 1.50].

8. The system (2; 102) according to claim 6, characterized in that, Use values ​​within the range [0.75; 1.25].

9. The system (2; 102) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ratio of the difference between the inner diameter DK (starr) of the chamber (23, 123) of the crimping sleeve (21, 121) of the first connector (20, 120) and the outer diameter DR (starr) of the rigid tube (4) to be accommodated, and twice the length LK (starr) of the chamber (23, 123), is obtained by the following formula. ,and - Use values ​​within the range [0.10; 0.50].

10. The system (2; 102) according to claim 9, characterized in that, Use values ​​within the range [0.2; 0.4].

11. The system (2; 102) according to claim 9, characterized in that, Use values ​​within the range [0.25; 0.35].

12. The system (2; 102) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ratio of the difference between the inner diameter DK (flex) of the chamber (43, 123) of the crimping sleeve (41, 141) of the second connector (40, 143) and the outer diameter DR (flex) of the flexible tube (6) to be accommodated, and twice the length LK (flex) of the chamber (43, 143), is given by the following formula. ,and - The numerical range is [0.10; The value within 0.70].

13. The system (2; 102) according to claim 12, characterized in that, Use values ​​within the range [0.10; 0.50].

14. The system (2; 102) according to claim 12, characterized in that, Use values ​​within the range [0.20; 0.60].

15. The system (2; 102) according to claim 12, characterized in that, Use values ​​within the range [0.2; 0.4].

16. The system (2; 102) according to claim 12, characterized in that, Use values ​​within the range [0.25; 0.50].

17. The system (2; 102) according to claim 12, characterized in that, Use values ​​within the range [0.25; 0.35].

18. The system (2; 102) according to claim 3, characterized in that, -ε(starr) is given by the following formula ,and Wherein, DK (starr) is the inner diameter of the chamber (23, 123) of the crimping sleeve (21, 121) of the first connector (20, 120), and DR (starr) is the outer diameter of the rigid tube (4) to be accommodated, and LK (starr) is the length of the chamber (23, 123). -ε (flex) is given by the following formula ， Wherein, DK (flex) is the inner diameter of the chamber (43, 143) of the crimping sleeve (41, 141) of the second connector (40, 140), and DR (flex) is the outer diameter of the flexible tube (6) to be accommodated, and LK (flex) is the length of the chamber (23, 123). - The proportion α is given by the following formula ,and -α uses a value within the range [0.50; 3.00].

19. The system (2; 102) according to claim 18, characterized in that, α is a value within the range of [0.50; 1.50].

20. The system (2; 102) according to claim 18, characterized in that, α is a value within the range of [0.75; 1.25].

21. The system (2; 102) according to claim 3, characterized in that, - The compressibility β (starr) when the first connector (20, 120) is crimped to the rigid tube (4) is given by the following formula. ， Wherein, DK (starr) is the inner diameter of the chamber (23, 123) of the crimping sleeve (21, 121) of the first joint (20, 120) before crimping. s(starr) is the wall thickness of the crimping sleeve (21, 121) in the crimping area of ​​the first joint (20, 120) before crimping. DR (starr) is the outer diameter of the rigid tube (4) to be accommodated before extrusion, and DPK (starr) is the inner diameter of the crimping profile (8, 108) of the crimping clamps (10, 110) within the crimping area of ​​the first connector (20, 120) after crimping, and -β(starr) uses a value where β(starr) < 0.

15.

22. The system (2; 102) according to claim 21, characterized in that, β(starr) is set to a value where β(starr) < 0.

12.

23. The system (2; 102) according to claim 21, characterized in that, β(starr) is set to a value where β(starr) < 0.

10.

24. The system (2; 102) according to claim 3, characterized in that, - The compressibility β (flex) when the second connector (40, 140) is crimped to the flexible tube (6) is given by the following formula. ， Wherein, DK (flex) is the inner diameter of the chamber (43, 143) of the crimping sleeve (41, 141) of the second connector (40, 140) before crimping. s (flex) is the wall thickness of the crimping sleeve (41, 141) in the crimping area of ​​the second joint (40, 140) before crimping. DR (flex) is the outer diameter of the flexible tube (6) to be accommodated before extrusion, and DPK (flex) is the inner diameter of the crimping profile (8, 108) of the crimping clamps (10, 110) in the crimping area of ​​the second connector (40, 140) after crimping, and -β(flex) uses a value where β(flex) < 0.

15.

25. The system (2; 102) according to claim 24, characterized in that, β(flex) is set to a value where β(flex) < 0.

12.

26. The system (2; 102) according to claim 25, characterized in that, β(flex) uses a value of β(flex) < 0.

10.

27. The system (2; 102) according to claim 3, characterized in that, - The compressibility β (starr) when the first connector (20, 120) is crimped to the rigid tube (4) is given by the following formula. ， Wherein, DK (starr) is the inner diameter of the chamber (23) of the crimping sleeve (21, 121) of the first joint (20, 120) before crimping. s(starr) is the wall thickness of the crimping sleeve (21, 121) in the crimping area of ​​the first joint (20, 120) before crimping. DR (starr) is the outer diameter of the rigid tube (4) to be accommodated before extrusion, and DPK (starr) is the inner diameter of the crimping clamps (10, 110) within the crimping area of ​​the first connector (20, 120) after crimping, and - The compressibility β (flex) when the second connector (40, 140) is crimped to the flexible tube (6) is given by the following formula. ， Wherein, DK (flex) is the inner diameter of the chamber (43, 143) of the crimping sleeve (41, 141) of the second connector (40, 140) before crimping. s (flex) is the wall thickness of the crimping sleeve (41, 141) in the crimping area of ​​the second joint (40, 140) before crimping. DR (flex) is the outer diameter of the flexible tube (6) to be accommodated before extrusion, and DPK (flex) is the inner diameter of the crimp profile (8, 108) of the crimping clamps (10, 110) in the crimping area of ​​the second connector (40, 140) after crimping. - The proportion τ is obtained through the following formula. ,and The -τ value is taken from the range [0.50; 1.50].

28. The system (2; 102) according to claim 27, characterized in that, The τ value is taken from the range [0.75; 1.25].

29. The system (2; 102) according to claim 27, characterized in that, The τ value is taken from the range [0.80; 1.20].

30. A fitting (20) for connection with a rigid pipe (4) in a system according to any one of claims 1 to 29, the fitting: It has a matrix (24); It has a stop (25) that is constructed on the circumferential side and protrudes inward in the base (24); A press-fit sleeve (21) is connected to the substrate (24) and forms an outer contour (22), wherein, The crimping sleeve (21) has a chamber (23) that points inward toward the tube (4) to be accommodated. It has a clamping ring (26) arranged in the chamber (23). -The clamping ring (26) is made of plastic and has a plurality of clamping elements (27) oriented against the pull-out direction of the tube (4) to be pushed in, and -The clamping member (27) is arranged in the distal region of the chamber (23) opposite to the stop member (25) and supported on the wall in the distal outer corner region (21a) of the crimping sleeve (21). It has a seal (28) arranged in the chamber (23) adjacent to the stop (25). The crimping sleeve (21), together with the clamping ring (26), the clamping member (27) and the sealing member (28), seals the rigid tube (4) to be connected from the outside.

31. The connector (20) according to claim 30, characterized in that, The clamping ring (26) has inwardly pointing tabs (26c) spaced apart from the clamping members (27), wherein the tabs (26c) define an internal cross-section that is the same as or slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the tube (4).

32. The connector (20) according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that, The stop (25) is composed of at least two inwardly pointing recesses.

33. The connector (20) according to claim 32, characterized in that, The recess is the stamping point (25a).

34. The connector (20) according to claim 30, characterized in that, The seal (28) is at least sectionally constructed as a lip seal (28b) and seals the gap (29) between the tube (4) and the crimping sleeve (21) after compression up to the end (4a) of the inserted tube (4).

35. A connector (40) for connection with a flexible tube (6) in a system according to any one of claims 1 to 29, said connector having: Matrix (44); A crimping sleeve (41) connected to the substrate (44) and forming an outer contour (42), wherein the crimping sleeve (41) has a chamber (43) pointing inward toward the tube (6) to be accommodated. The force transmission ring (46) arranged in the chamber (43), and A support (50) is connected to the base (44) and has a sealing profile (48) pointing outward toward the tube (6) to be pushed in. The force transmission ring (46) is installed in the crimping sleeve (41). The crimping sleeve (41), including the force transmission ring (46) and the support (50), are arranged spaced apart from each other and define an annular space for introducing and accommodating the tube (6) to be accommodated. The section (46d) of the force transmission ring (46) extends axially from the crimping sleeve (41) and forms a section of the outer contour (42) to be crimped. The crimping sleeve (41), together with the force transmission ring (46) and the support (50), seals the flexible tube (6) to be connected from the inside.

36. A fitting (120) for connection with a rigid pipe (4) in a system according to any one of claims 1 to 29, said fitting having: Matrix (124); A press-fit sleeve (121) is connected to the substrate (124) and forms the outer contour (122), wherein, The crimping sleeve (121) has a chamber (123) that points inward toward the tube (4) to be accommodated. A sleeve section (121a) constructed on the distal end of the crimp sleeve (121) and extending beyond the chamber (123), wherein the sleeve section (121a) forms a segment of the outer contour (122) to be deformed; and A seal (128) is arranged in the chamber (123). Among them, an inner section (124b) of the substrate (124) extends radially inside the chamber (123) toward the tube (4) to be pushed in. A section (128b) of the seal (128) is arranged between the crimp sleeve (121) and the inner section (124b) of the base (121). In this embodiment, a section (128a) of the seal (128) is arranged between the crimping sleeve (121) and the pipe (4) to be pushed in. The crimping sleeve (121) and the sealing element (128) together seal the rigid pipe (4) to be connected from the outside.

37. The connector (120) according to claim 36, characterized in that, The sleeve section (121a) and / or the seal (128) have inwardly projecting protrusions (121c; 128c; 128d) for guiding and retaining the tube (4).

38. A connector (140) for connection with a flexible tube (6) in a system according to any one of claims 1 to 29, said connector having: Matrix (144); A crimping sleeve (141) connected to the substrate (144) and forming an outer contour (142), wherein the crimping sleeve (141) has a chamber (143) pointing inward toward the tube (6) to be accommodated. A force transmission ring (146) arranged in the chamber (143); and A support (150) is connected to the base (144) and has a sealing profile (148) pointing outward toward the tube (6) to be pushed in. The crimping sleeve (141) and the support (150) are connected to the base (144) as separate elements, and The crimping sleeve (141) and the force transmission ring (146) have corresponding observation windows (151; 152). The crimping sleeve (141), together with the force transmission ring (146) and the support (150), seals the flexible tube (6) to be connected from the inside.

39. The connector (140) according to claim 38, characterized in that, The crimping sleeve (141) has a sleeve section (141b) extending beyond the chamber (143), wherein the sleeve section (141b) forms a section of the outer contour (142) to be deformed by the crimping clamp (110).

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