A pesticidal composition for controlling nematodes

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and relates to a pesticide composition for preventing and treating nematodes. Effective components are avermectin and ethylicin, and the mass ratio of the avermectin to the ethylicin is 1:5-1:29. The present application has obvious synergistic effect on preventing and treating root-knot nematodes from invading plant root systems by compounding avermectin and ethylicin as effective components, and this effect has not been reported. The preparation product containing the composition can improve the control effect on root-knot nematodes and has development potential. The action mechanisms of the avermectin and the ethylicin are different, the persistence period is long, the use frequency can be reduced, and the generation of drug resistance can be delayed. The present application is mainly used for preventing and treating nematodes of solanaceae vegetables, cucurbitaceae vegetables, lettuce and other crops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pesticide technology and relates to a pesticide composition for controlling nematodes. Background Technology

[0002] Root-knot nematode disease is one of the major diseases affecting crops such as those in the Solanaceae and Cucurbitaceae families. It is particularly prevalent in greenhouse agriculture, where crops susceptible to nematode infestation are often grown year-round, leading to widespread root-knot nematode disease and severe economic losses. Currently, there are few registered effective pesticides for controlling plant root-knot nematodes, and most are chemical pesticides. Continuous application over many years can easily induce pesticide resistance in pests. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop safe and efficient pesticides, including biopesticides, for agricultural production.

[0003] Ethicin is an ethyl homologue of allicin, a plant-derived pesticide, with the chemical formula C4H. 10 O2S2 is a colorless or slightly yellow oily liquid with a garlic-like odor. Ethylene is a highly effective, pollution-free, broad-spectrum biomimetic fungicide that also regulates plant growth, promoting germination, increasing germination rate, boosting yield, and improving quality. It is a preferred raw material for compound pesticide formulations. Ethylene can be used to control various diseases by interacting with sulfur-containing substances within fungi, thereby inhibiting normal fungal metabolism. Currently, there are no reports of ethylene controlling root-knot nematode disease.

[0004] Avermectin is a sixteen-membered macrocyclic lactone compound with bactericidal, insecticidal, acaricidal, and nematicidal activities. It is produced by *Streptomyces avermectin*. Streptomyces avermitilis Produced through fermentation, it possesses broad-spectrum, high-efficiency, and low-toxicity characteristics. The insecticidal mechanism of abamectin is... γ - The agonistic effect of aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the alteration of the opening pattern of chloride ion channels controlled by glutamate lead to paralysis and death of pests.

[0005] The rational mixing of pesticides has advantages such as improving control efficacy, delaying the development of pesticide resistance in pests, reducing pesticide costs, and broadening the insecticidal spectrum. This invention combines abamectin with allicin, exhibiting a significant synergistic effect. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention addresses the problem that traditional pesticides for controlling nematodes have limited options and easily lead to pesticide resistance in pests by proposing a novel pesticide composition for controlling nematodes.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented using the following technical solution:

[0008] A pesticide composition for controlling nematodes, the active ingredients being abamectin and allicin, wherein the mass ratio of abamectin to allicin is 1:5-1:29.

[0009] Preferably, the pesticide composition for controlling nematodes has an abamectin to ethoxysulfuron mass ratio of 1:8 to 1:19.

[0010] Preferably, the pesticide composition for controlling nematodes has an abamectin to ethoxysulfuron mass ratio of 1:9.

[0011] Preferably, in the pesticide composition for controlling nematodes, the active ingredients abamectin and allicin have a mass fraction of 3-50% in the pesticide composition.

[0012] The pesticide composition for controlling nematodes is formulated as any one of emulsifiable concentrates, suspension concentrates, water-in-oil emulsions, microemulsions, microcapsules, or microcapsule suspensions / flotations. In addition to the active ingredient, the pesticide composition also includes permitted and acceptable adjuvants. Adjuvants include one or more of solvents, wetting agents, dispersants, stabilizers, antifreeze agents, preservatives, fillers, carrier materials, and binders. The use of adjuvants is selected according to the formulation.

[0013] This invention proposes the application of the above-mentioned pesticide composition in the preparation of formulations for controlling nematodes.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] This invention combines avermectin and allicin as active ingredients, exhibiting a significant synergistic effect in controlling root-knot nematode infestation of plant roots—an effect not previously reported. Formulations containing this composition can enhance efficacy against root-knot nematodes and show development potential.

[0016] Furthermore, abamectin has a different mechanism of action than allicin, which can reduce the number of applications and delay the development of resistance. It is mainly used to control nematodes in solanaceous vegetables, cucurbitaceous vegetables, lettuce, and other crops. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0018] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the following specification.

[0019] Unless otherwise specified, the percentages mentioned in the following examples are mass percentages.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] 5% abamectin·ethoxysulfuron water emulsion (1:9).

[0022] 95% avermectin technical grade (100% concentration): 0.5%,

[0023] 95% allicin technical grade (100% concentration): 4.5%,

[0024] Cyclohexanone (solvent): 5%,

[0025] Polyoxyethylene dehydrated sorbitan monooleate (emulsifier): 1%,

[0026] Triphenylethylphenol polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene block polymer (emulsifier): 4%

[0027] Castor oil polyoxyethylene ether (emulsifier): 1%,

[0028] Organosilicon defoamer: 0.1%,

[0029] Ethylene glycol (antifreeze): 2%,

[0030] Water: Replenish to 100%.

[0031] The active ingredients and solvents are mixed evenly to form an oil phase; the emulsifier, defoamer, antifreeze and water are mixed evenly to form an aqueous phase; after mixing the oil phase and the aqueous phase, the mixture is subjected to high-speed shearing at 10000 r / min for 20 minutes until the required particle size (average particle size 1-2 micrometers or smaller) is achieved, thus preparing a 5% abamectin·ethoxysulfuron water emulsion.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] 3% abamectin·ethoxysulfuron water emulsion (1:5).

[0034] 95% avermectin technical grade (100% concentration): 0.5%;

[0035] 95% allicin technical grade (100% concentration): 2.5%;

[0036] Cyclohexanone (solvent): 5%;

[0037] Polyoxyethylene dehydrated sorbitan monooleate (emulsifier): 1%;

[0038] Triphenylethylphenol polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene block polymer (emulsifier): 4%;

[0039] Castor oil polyoxyethylene ether (emulsifier): 1%;

[0040] Organosilicon defoamer: 0.1%;

[0041] Ethylene glycol: 2%;

[0042] Water: Replenish to 100%.

[0043] The active ingredients and solvents are mixed evenly to form an oil phase; the emulsifier, defoamer, antifreeze and water are mixed evenly to form an aqueous phase; after mixing the oil phase and the aqueous phase, the mixture is subjected to high-speed shearing at 10000 r / min for 20 minutes until the required particle size (average particle size 1-2 micrometers or smaller) is achieved, thus preparing a 3% abamectin·ethoxysulfuron water emulsion.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] 5% abamectin·ethoxysulfuron microcapsule suspension emulsion (1:9).

[0046] 1.09 g of avermectin technical grade (92%) was dissolved in 10 g of cyclohexanone, and then 4 g of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (emulsifier) ​​was added as the oil phase. 0.3 g of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5 g of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and 2.5 g of calcium lignosulfonate were dissolved in deionized water to form the aqueous phase. The aqueous phase was added to the oil phase under magnetic stirring at 400 rpm to form an oil-in-water emulsion. Then, 2.5 g of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride was slowly added to the emulsion, and the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes. Next, 0.2 g of a 10% ferric chloride aqueous solution was added while stirring, and the mixture was stirred for another 20 minutes. Finally, deionized water was added to bring the total volume to 100 g, thus preparing a 1% avermectin microcapsule suspension.

[0047] 9.47 g of allicin technical grade (95%) and 5 g of cyclohexanone were mixed evenly to prepare the oil phase; 1 g of polyoxyethylene dehydrated sorbitan monooleate (emulsifier), 4 g of triphenylethylphenol polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene block polymer (emulsifier), 1 g of castor oil polyoxyethylene ether (emulsifier), 0.1 g of silicone defoamer, 2 g of ethylene glycol and water were mixed evenly to prepare the aqueous phase; after mixing the oil phase and the aqueous phase, the mixture was subjected to high-speed shearing at 10000 r / min for 20 minutes to achieve the required particle size, thus preparing the 9% allicin water emulsion.

[0048] A 1% avermectin microcapsule suspension and a 9% allicin emulsion were mixed in a 1:1 ratio and stirred for half an hour to prepare a 5% avermectin·allicin microcapsule suspension emulsion. The particle size distribution D of the drug particles in this formulation was analyzed. 50 The value is 225 nm, D 90 The value is 820 nm.

[0049] Example 4

[0050] 5% avermectin-allicin emulsifiable concentrate.

[0051] 95% avermectin technical grade (100% concentration): 0.5%,

[0052] 95% allicin technical grade (100% concentration): 4.5%,

[0053] Cyclohexanone (solvent): 5%,

[0054] Polyoxyethylene dehydrated sorbitan monooleate (emulsifier): 2%,

[0055] Triphenylethylphenol polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene block polymer (emulsifier): 4%

[0056] Calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (emulsifier): 4%,

[0057] Parabens (solvent): Make up to 100%.

[0058] After dissolving avermectin technical in cyclohexanone, add ethoxysulfuron technical, emulsifier, and benzoate ester and mix evenly to form a homogeneous and transparent oil phase preparation, which is 5% avermectin·ethoxysulfuron emulsifiable concentrate.

[0059] Example of field efficacy trial.

[0060] Field efficacy trials were conducted on root-knot nematodes using three different formulations: 5% abamectin·ethoxysulfuron water-in-oil emulsion (Example 1), 3% abamectin·ethoxysulfuron water-in-oil emulsion (Example 2), and 5% abamectin·ethoxysulfuron microcapsule suspension emulsion (Example 3). Soil surface spraying was used to apply the pesticides. The tested pesticides were diluted with water as usual and sprayed evenly onto the soil surface of the experimental plots. A rotary tiller was then used to till the soil to a depth of 15-20 cm within the plots, creating raised beds before planting seedlings. In the control areas, the plants were sprayed with water, but all other procedures were the same as for the treated plots. Each treatment was replicated three times. The plots were arranged in a randomized block design with uniform cultivation conditions. Ninety days after treatment, the plant roots were slowly removed, washed, and the disease incidence was recorded.

[0061] The root knot classification criteria are as follows:

[0062] Grade 0: Healthy root system, no root knots; Grade 1: Only a few small root knots can be found upon careful inspection; Grade 2: Root knots are similar in size to Grade 1 but slightly more numerous; Grade 3: Numerous small root knots, sometimes growing together, root function is not severely damaged; Grade 4: Numerous small root knots, some large root knots, most roots still have function; Grade 5: 25% of the root system has severely galled and lost function; Grade 6: 50% of the root system has severely galled and lost function; Grade 7: 75% of the root system has severely galled and lost function; Grade 8: No healthy roots, plant nutrition interrupted; Grade 9: All roots have galled and rotted, plant dies; Grade 10: Plant and root system die.

[0063] Disease index % = ∑ (number of diseased plants at each level × relative level value) / (total number of plants surveyed × highest surveyed disease level index) × 100;

[0064] Prevention and control effect (%) = [1 - (disease index of treatment / disease index of control)] × 100.

[0065] Table 1 Results of field efficacy trials for controlling root-knot nematodes

[0066]

[0067] As can be seen from Table 1:

[0068] When the dosage of the active ingredient is the same, the control effect of the combination of abamectin and allicin is higher than that of the two agents used alone. Furthermore, the control effect of Example 1 (avermectin: allicin = 1:9) is higher than that of Example 2 (avermectin: allicin = 1:5), indicating that the combination with the highest synergistic effect discovered in this invention has application value. Meanwhile, the formulation also affects the control effect. The control effect of Example 3 is significantly higher than that of Example 1, possibly because the particle size distribution of the drug-loaded particles in Example 3 is in the nanometer range, which improves the mobility and distribution range of the active ingredient in the soil, providing more effective protection for the root system and contributing to improved control. In addition, the water-based emulsion and microcapsule suspension emulsion developed in this invention are water-based formulations, which are lower in cost and more environmentally compatible than emulsifiable concentrates. The application and promotion of this invention will help improve the control effect of crop root-knot nematode disease and will generate significant economic value.

[0069] Example 5

[0070] This embodiment provides a combined toxicity test of different active ingredients to examine the combined toxicity of the drug composition in inhibiting the infection of cucumber roots by second-instar root-knot nematodes. The results are shown in Table 2, indicating that the combination of abamectin and allicin within a certain proportion range has a significant synergistic effect on nematode control. More preferably, the weight ratio of abamectin to allicin is 1:9-1:15.

[0071] Table 2. Combined toxicity of abamectin and allicin in inhibiting root-knot nematode infection of cucumber roots.

[0072]

[0073] A plate infection experiment was conducted on second-instar larvae of root-knot nematodes using mixtures of abamectin and ethoxysulfuron at weight ratios of 1:5, 1:9, 1:15, 1:19, and 1:29. The results are shown in Table 2. Both the ratios of 1:9 and 1:15 showed synergistic effects. When the ratio was 1:9, the co-toxicity coefficient was the highest, indicating the most significant synergistic effect. This corresponds to the experimental results in Table 1.

[0074] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments for application in other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of abamectin and allicin as active ingredients in formulations for controlling nematodes, characterized in that, The preparation process of the formulation is as follows: 1.09g of avermectin technical material is dissolved in 10g of cyclohexanone, and then 4g of polyoxyethylene dehydrated sorbitan monooleate is added as the oil phase; 0.3g of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and 2.5g of calcium lignin sulfonate are dissolved in deionized water to form the aqueous phase; the aqueous phase is added to the oil phase under magnetic stirring at 400 rpm to form an oil-in-water emulsion; then 2.5g of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride is slowly added to the emulsion and stirred for 20 minutes; then 0.2g of 10% ferric chloride aqueous solution is added under stirring; stirred for 20 minutes; deionized water is added to make up to 100g; a 1% avermectin microcapsule suspension is prepared; 9.47g of allicin technical material and 5g of cyclohexanone are mixed evenly to prepare the oil phase; 1g of polyoxyethylene dehydrated sorbitan monooleate, 4g of triphenylethylphenol polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene block polymer, and 1g of... Castor oil polyoxyethylene ether emulsifier, 0.1g of silicone defoamer, 2g of ethylene glycol and water were mixed evenly to prepare an aqueous phase; the oil phase and aqueous phase were mixed and sheared at 10000r / min for 20 minutes to the required particle size to prepare a 9% ethoxysulfate water emulsion; 1% abamectin microcapsule suspension and 9% ethoxysulfate water emulsion were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1 and stirred for half an hour to prepare a 5% abamectin·ethoxysulfate microcapsule suspension emulsion.

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