A soiling box system for a rail vehicle and a method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of sewage tank systems for rail vehicle and method thereof, it is related to rail transit technical field.Sewage tank systems for rail vehicle include sewage pretreatment area, biological membrane processing area, filler filtration area, disinfection and sterilization area and independent odor treatment unit composition;Preliminary filter and movable baffle are arranged in sewage pretreatment area;Biological membrane processing area includes biological carrier, oxygen supply device and air release ware;Filler filtration area includes filler material piece;Disinfection and sterilization area is provided with dosing mechanism;Odor treatment unit collects the odor material on the top of sewage tank, and carries out chemical reaction, absorption, physical adsorption with deodorant and adsorbent material to realize the purpose of deodorization and deodorization.The sewage tank system for rail vehicle in the application can simultaneously treat sewage, sewage and odor, and the treated sewage and gas are discharged in real time, and the residual sewage is cleaned periodically, so that the sewage tank is not limited by the storage volume of sewage and the cleaning cycle of sewage is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail transit technology, and more specifically, to a waste bin system for rail vehicles. Furthermore, this invention also relates to a treatment method applied to the aforementioned waste bin system for rail vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, conventional waste collection tanks in rail vehicles only fulfill the collection function. Due to the limited size of the vehicle body, conventional waste collection tanks are located under the vehicle body. The volume of the waste tank is limited and it is difficult to meet the higher requirements for waste tank storage and maintenance cycles for long-distance transportation and track maintenance vehicles.

[0003] A novel wastewater treatment tank with integrated wastewater treatment function is provided in related technologies. It mainly includes a shell mounted on a train and a filter unit, a foam flotation component, and an electrocatalytic component housed within the shell. This solution primarily utilizes electrochemical treatment supplemented by physical classification. A coarse filter removes fibers and paper; the foam flotation component further separates and removes large-molecule organic matter; and the electrocatalytic component mainly decomposes small-molecule organic matter through electrochemical processes. However, the electrocatalytic oxidation process easily generates a large amount of foam, affecting wastewater treatment efficiency and negatively impacting odor control, leading to issues such as clogging air filters.

[0004] In addition, there are solutions that only treat wastewater but not odor, lacking a systematic solution for wastewater, sludge, and odor. The overflow of foul odors and harmful gases can easily cause physical discomfort to maintenance personnel.

[0005] In summary, how to provide a waste bin system for rail vehicles that is not limited by the volume of the bin and can simultaneously treat sewage, waste, and odor is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a waste bin system for rail vehicles that can simultaneously treat sewage, waste, and odors, and directly discharge the treated sewage and gases, thereby reducing the risk of odor and harmful gas overflow causing discomfort to maintenance personnel, avoiding the wastewater occupying storage space, and making the waste bin not limited by the bin volume. This can meet the higher requirements for waste bin storage and maintenance cycles for long-distance transportation and track maintenance vehicles.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for use in the above-mentioned waste bin system for rail vehicles.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A waste bin system for rail vehicles, comprising:

[0010] Wastewater pretreatment area: Domestic sewage from toilets is discharged into the wastewater pretreatment area, which is equipped with a preliminary filter and multiple movable baffles; the preliminary filter is used to filter large debris; the multiple movable baffles utilize hydraulic uniformity to mix sewage and sludge, and intercept larger sludge.

[0011] The biofilm treatment zone receives primary treated wastewater discharged from the wastewater pretreatment zone. The biofilm treatment zone includes a biological carrier with attached microorganisms and an oxygen supply device that provides oxygen to the microorganisms on the surface layer of the biological carrier. The microorganisms are used to absorb and degrade organic matter in the wastewater to purify the wastewater.

[0012] The packing filter zone receives the purified wastewater discharged from the biofilm treatment zone. The packing filter zone includes packing material components used to adsorb and intercept suspended matter in the wastewater to improve the clarity of the wastewater.

[0013] The disinfection and sterilization zone receives the filtered wastewater discharged from the packing filter zone. The disinfection and sterilization zone contains disinfectant to disinfect and deodorize the wastewater. The disinfection and sterilization zone is equipped with a drain outlet so that the disinfected and deodorized wastewater can be directly discharged.

[0014] The odor treatment unit is connected to the wastewater pretreatment area, the biofilm treatment area, the packing filter area, and the disinfection and sterilization area. The odor treatment unit is equipped with a deodorant that removes odor substances from the odor based on chemical reaction and absorption principles, an adsorption material that removes odor based on physical adsorption principles, and an induced draft fan for generating negative pressure flow.

[0015] Optionally, the preliminary filter element is a porous tube, a porous plate, or a screen; the movable baffle is an adjustable and movable baffle.

[0016] Optionally, the preliminary filter element is detachably installed in the wastewater pretreatment area; the movable baffle includes a fixed plate and a movable plate, and the movable plate is adjusted and installed by means of limiting waist holes and quick-release bolts to adjust the distance between the end of the movable plate and the box body to change the wastewater flow size and the debris interception effect.

[0017] Optionally, the wastewater pretreatment zone is provided with a plurality of movable baffles that are perpendicular to the wastewater flow direction and spaced apart, and the fixed plates and movable plates of adjacent movable baffles are in opposite positions.

[0018] Optionally, the biological carrier is a mobile biological carrier or a fixed biological carrier.

[0019] Optionally, the filling material is a suspended filler, a porous plate, or a porous tube.

[0020] Optionally, it also includes at least one agent dispensing mechanism for dispensing disinfectant into the disinfection and sterilization area.

[0021] Optionally, the odor treatment unit includes a primary deodorization zone and a secondary deodorization zone, wherein the primary deodorization zone uses the principle of chemical reaction absorption to remove odor substances; and the secondary deodorization zone uses the principle of physical adsorption to adsorb odor substances.

[0022] Optionally, the vent pipe of the odor treatment unit is located at the top or slightly above the wastewater pretreatment zone, the biofilm treatment zone, the packing filter zone, and the disinfection and sterilization zone, and the odor treatment unit is connected to the wastewater pretreatment zone, the biofilm treatment zone, the packing filter zone, and the disinfection and sterilization zone through the vent pipe.

[0023] Optionally, the odor treatment unit includes a primary deodorization zone that is directly connected to the wastewater pretreatment zone, the biofilm treatment zone, the packing filter zone, and the disinfection and sterilization zone, and a secondary deodorization zone that is connected in series with the primary deodorization zone.

[0024] The bottom of the primary deodorization zone is provided with a perforated plate carrier layer, the top is provided with a spray mechanism, and a circulation pump is provided in the odor treatment unit. The perforated plate carrier layer is provided with the deodorizing agent, and the circulation pump draws the deodorizing agent from the perforated plate carrier layer to the spray mechanism so that the deodorizing agent is atomized and sprayed out.

[0025] The secondary deodorization zone is equipped with adsorption material, which is used to adsorb odor gas molecules.

[0026] Optionally, the primary deodorization zone includes at least two absorption treatment zones connected in series;

[0027] And / or, the secondary deodorization zone includes at least two absorption treatment zones connected in series.

[0028] Optionally, the system includes a first chamber, a second chamber, a third chamber, and a fourth chamber, wherein the wastewater pretreatment zone is located in the first chamber, the biofilm treatment zone is located in the second chamber, the packing filter zone is located in the third chamber, and the disinfection and sterilization zone is located in the fourth chamber.

[0029] The first chamber, the second chamber, the third chamber, and the fourth chamber are arranged in a bent configuration from top to bottom, so that the wastewater treated in the wastewater pretreatment zone flows by gravity to the biofilm treatment zone in the second chamber, the wastewater treated in the biofilm treatment zone flows by gravity to the packing filter zone in the third chamber, and the wastewater treated in the packing filter zone flows by gravity to the disinfection and sterilization zone in the fourth chamber.

[0030] Optionally, the projections of the first chamber, the second chamber, the third chamber, and the fourth chamber in the vertical direction at least partially overlap.

[0031] A method applied to the waste bin system for rail vehicles as described in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the method comprises:

[0032] Wastewater is initially filtered through preliminary filters in the wastewater pretreatment area, and larger contaminants are intercepted by movable baffles.

[0033] The biofilm in the biofilm treatment zone adsorbs and degrades organic matter in the pre-filtered wastewater, thereby purifying the wastewater.

[0034] The wastewater clarification is improved by adsorbing and intercepting suspended solids in the wastewater after it has been purified by the biofilm treatment zone through the packing filter zone.

[0035] The wastewater treated by the filter media in the disinfection and sterilization zone is disinfected and deodorized, and then discharged.

[0036] The odorous gases generated in the wastewater pretreatment zone, the biofilm treatment zone, the packing filter zone, and the disinfection and sterilization zone are collected and sent to the odor treatment unit. The odorous gases are absorbed by the deodorizing agent and adsorbed by the adsorption material in the odor treatment unit, and the purified gases are discharged.

[0037] Optionally, it also includes at least one agent dispensing mechanism, wherein the process of disinfecting and deodorizing the wastewater treated in the filter media zone through the disinfection and sterilization zone, and discharging the treated wastewater, includes:

[0038] The agent dispensing mechanism is controlled to dispense disinfectant into the disinfection and sterilization area.

[0039] In the process of using the waste bin system for rail vehicles provided by this invention, domestic sewage from the toilet is discharged to the sewage pretreatment zone. In the sewage pretreatment zone, larger items such as hair and paper scraps in the sewage are intercepted by the preliminary filter elements and flow through the movable baffles. Multiple movable baffles use hydraulic force to evenly mix the sewage and waste, and intercept larger waste items. The pre-filtered sewage is discharged to the biofilm treatment zone. When passing through the biofilm on the biological carrier, the biofilm adsorbs and degrades the organic matter in the sewage to purify it. The sewage purified by the biofilm is discharged to the packing filter zone. When the sewage in the packing filter zone flows through the packing material, suspended solids are adsorbed and intercepted to improve the clarity of the sewage. The sewage treated in the packing filter zone is discharged to the disinfection and sterilization zone. The disinfection and sterilization zone contains disinfectant to disinfect and deodorize the sewage in the disinfection and sterilization zone. The sewage after disinfection and deodorization can be discharged directly. During the wastewater treatment process, the odorous gases generated in the wastewater pretreatment zone, biofilm treatment zone, packing filter zone, and disinfection and sterilization zone enter the odor treatment unit. The deodorizing agent in the odor treatment unit absorbs the odor-producing gases and purifies them. The purified gases can then be directly discharged.

[0040] The waste bin system for rail vehicles in this invention can simultaneously treat sewage, waste, and odorous gases, and directly discharge the treated sewage and gases, avoiding the continuous occupation of storage space by sewage and gases. This eliminates the volume limitations of the waste bin and meets the higher requirements for storage and maintenance cycles of waste bins in long-distance transportation and track maintenance vehicles. Furthermore, this waste bin system for rail vehicles uses a biofilm to purify sewage and adsorbs and intercepts suspended solids in the sewage through filling materials, effectively optimizing the step-by-step treatment using physical, biological, and chemical technologies. It is low-cost, energy-efficient, simple to maintain, and has a long maintenance cycle.

[0041] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for applying the above-mentioned waste bin system for rail vehicles. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the waste bin system for rail vehicles provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the method provided by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the movable baffle plate in this invention.

[0046] Figures 1-3 middle:

[0047] 1 is the wastewater pretreatment area, 11 is the movable baffle, 111 is the fixed plate, 112 is the movable plate, 2 is the biofilm treatment area, 3 is the packing filter area, 4 is the disinfection and sterilization area, 5 is the odor treatment unit, 51 is the primary deodorization area, 52 is the secondary deodorization area, and 6 is the ventilation pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] The core of this invention is to provide a waste bin system for rail vehicles that can simultaneously treat sewage, waste, and odors, and directly discharge the treated sewage and gases, avoiding the continuous occupation of storage space by sewage and gases. This eliminates the volume limitation of the waste bin and meets the higher requirements for waste bin storage and maintenance cycles for long-distance transportation and track maintenance vehicles.

[0050] Another core aspect of this invention is to provide a treatment method applicable to the aforementioned waste bin system for rail vehicles.

[0051] Please refer to Figures 1-3 .

[0052] This specific embodiment discloses a waste bin system for rail vehicles, including: a wastewater pretreatment zone 1, a biofilm treatment zone 2, a packing filter zone 3, a disinfection and sterilization zone 4, and an odor treatment unit 5; domestic sewage from toilets is discharged into the wastewater pretreatment zone 1, which is equipped with at least one preliminary filter and multiple movable baffles 11. The preliminary filter is used to filter larger debris; the multiple movable baffles 11 utilize hydraulic uniformity to mix sewage and waste, and intercept larger particulate matter; the biofilm treatment zone 2 receives the pre-filtered sewage discharged from the wastewater pretreatment zone 1, and the biofilm treatment zone 2 includes a biological carrier with attached microorganisms and an oxygen supply device to provide oxygen to the microorganisms on the surface layer of the biological carrier. The microorganisms are used to absorb and degrade wastewater. Organic matter in the water is used to purify wastewater; the packing filter zone 3 receives the purified wastewater discharged from the biofilm treatment zone 2. The packing filter zone 3 includes packing material components, which are used to adsorb and intercept suspended solids in the wastewater to improve the clarity of the wastewater; the disinfection and sterilization zone 4 receives the filtered wastewater discharged from the packing filter zone 3. The disinfection and sterilization zone 4 contains disinfectant to disinfect and deodorize the wastewater in the disinfection and sterilization zone 4; the disinfection and sterilization zone 4 is equipped with a drain outlet, and the wastewater after disinfection and deodorization can be directly discharged; the odor treatment unit 5 is connected to the wastewater pretreatment zone 1, the biofilm treatment zone 2, the packing filter zone 3, and the disinfection and sterilization zone 4. The odor treatment unit 5 is equipped with a deodorant that removes odorous substances from the odor based on the principle of chemical reaction and absorption, an adsorption material that removes odor based on the principle of physical adsorption, and an induced draft fan for generating negative pressure flow.

[0053] Specifically, an air release device can be installed in the biofilm treatment zone 2 to improve the oxygen supply efficiency of the oxygen supply device.

[0054] In the process of using the waste bin system for rail vehicles provided in this specific embodiment, domestic sewage from the toilet is discharged to the sewage pretreatment zone 1. In the sewage pretreatment zone 1, larger particles such as hair and paper scraps in the sewage are intercepted by the preliminary filter. The pre-filtered sewage is then discharged to the biofilm treatment zone 2. When passing through the biofilm on the biological carrier, the biofilm adsorbs and degrades the organic matter in the sewage to purify it. The sewage purified by the biofilm is then discharged to the packing filter zone 3. In the packing filter zone 3, suspended solids are adsorbed and intercepted as the sewage flows through the packing material to improve the clarity of the sewage. The sewage treated in the packing filter zone 3 is then discharged to the disinfection and sterilization zone 4. The disinfection and sterilization zone 4 contains disinfectant to disinfect and deodorize the sewage. The disinfected and deodorized sewage can be directly discharged. During the sewage treatment process, the odor generated in the sewage pretreatment zone 1, biofilm treatment zone 2, packing filter zone 3, and disinfection and sterilization zone 4 enters the odor treatment unit 5. The deodorant in the odor treatment unit 5 absorbs the odor-producing gases and purifies them. The purified gases can be directly discharged.

[0055] The waste bin system for rail vehicles in this specific embodiment can simultaneously treat sewage, waste, and odorous gases, and directly discharge the treated sewage and gases, avoiding the continuous occupation of storage space by sewage and gases. This eliminates the volume limitations of the waste bin and meets the higher requirements for storage and maintenance cycles of waste bins in long-distance transportation and track maintenance vehicles. Furthermore, this waste bin system for rail vehicles uses a biofilm to purify sewage and adsorbs and intercepts suspended solids in the sewage through filling materials, effectively optimizing the step-by-step treatment using physical, biological, and chemical technologies. It is low-cost, energy-efficient, simple to maintain, and has a long maintenance cycle.

[0056] On the one hand, the preliminary filter element in this specific embodiment can be a porous tube, a porous plate, or a screen, etc. When the preliminary filter element is a screen, the screen aperture can be 20mm or 30mm to allow the stool block to pass through, or other values. The movable baffle 11 is a baffle with adjustable lateral spacing and movable.

[0057] Specifically, the movable baffle 11 can include a fixed plate 111 and a movable plate 112. The movable plate 112 is adjusted and installed with lateral spacing via limiting holes and quick-release bolts, so as to adjust the distance between the end of the movable plate 112 and the tank body to change the sewage flow rate and the debris interception effect; such as Figure 3 As shown, the installation position of the movable plate 112 on the fixed plate 111 is adjustable to adjust the distance between the end of the movable plate 112 and the side wall of the box. After being filtered by the preliminary filter element, the sewage flows through the movable baffle 11, which uses hydraulic force to evenly mix the sewage and dirt and intercept larger dirt.

[0058] Furthermore, multiple movable baffles 11, perpendicular to the sewage flow direction and spaced apart, can be installed in the sewage pretreatment zone 1, with the fixed plates 111 and movable plates 112 of adjacent movable baffles 11 positioned opposite each other. For example... Figure 3 As shown, in the case of adjacent movable baffles 11, one movable baffle is located near one side wall of the tank, and the other movable baffle 11 is located near the other side wall of the tank, with the two side walls facing each other, so as to extend the flow path of sewage, extend the regional residence time of sewage, and improve the purification treatment effect.

[0059] For ease of maintenance and replacement, the preliminary filter element can be detachably installed in the wastewater pretreatment area 1. When maintenance or replacement of the preliminary filter element is required, the preliminary filter element can be disassembled.

[0060] Specifically, multiple preliminary filters can be installed along the flow direction of the wastewater, with these filters spaced apart. When the preliminary filters are screens, they can be screens with different pore sizes, gradually decreasing in size along the flow direction of the wastewater. Screens with larger pore sizes are used to intercept non-degradable debris such as hair and plastic (toothbrushes, etc.), while allowing fecal matter to pass through. Screens with smaller pore sizes are used to isolate undecomposed, harder fecal matter within the previous screen, allowing it to slowly degrade before flowing to the next screen for further degradation. Alternatively, only one preliminary filter can be installed. This filter intercepts non-degradable debris such as hair and plastic (toothbrushes, etc.), while allowing fecal matter to pass through. A movable baffle 11 isolates undecomposed, harder fecal matter within the previous movable baffle area, allowing it to slowly degrade before flowing to the next baffle area for further degradation.

[0061] In this specific embodiment, by setting multiple preliminary filter elements, the situation where a single preliminary filter element cannot filter completely can be avoided. Setting multiple preliminary filter elements can ensure the filtration effect of wastewater and perform graded filtration for pollutants of different sizes, thereby improving the filtration quality.

[0062] Based on the above embodiments, the biological carrier can be a mobile biological carrier or a fixed biological carrier, depending on the actual situation.

[0063] The filling material can be suspended packing, a porous plate, or a porous tube. The filling material can be polyethylene, silica, polyurethane, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, etc., depending on the specific circumstances. The filling material can adsorb and intercept suspended solids in wastewater.

[0064] In one specific embodiment, the waste bin system for rail vehicles may further include at least one agent dispensing mechanism for dispensing disinfectant into the disinfection and sterilization zone 4.

[0065] In practical use, the interval time for dispensing disinfectant can be set according to different actual conditions, so that the agent dispensing mechanism can regularly dispense disinfectant into the disinfection and sterilization area 4, thereby reducing the intensity of manual labor and improving work efficiency.

[0066] To improve the treatment effect of odorous gases, the odor treatment unit 5 can include at least two deodorization zones connected in series. Different deodorization zones are equipped with different deodorizing agents to absorb different odor-producing gases. For example, water or a weakly acidic absorbent solution is used for absorption of ammonia; a weakly alkaline absorbent solution is used for absorption of acidic substances such as hydrogen sulfide.

[0067] The odor treatment unit 5 is located above the sewage pretreatment zone 1, the biofilm treatment zone 2, the packing filter zone 3, and the disinfection and sterilization zone 4, and the odor treatment unit 5 is connected to the sewage pretreatment zone 1, the biofilm treatment zone 2, the packing filter zone 3, and the disinfection and sterilization zone 4 through the vent pipe 6.

[0068] In the actual treatment process, the gas generated in the sewage pretreatment zone 1, biofilm treatment zone 2, packing filter zone 3, and disinfection and sterilization zone 4 enters the odor treatment unit 5 through the ventilation pipe 6. An induced draft fan is installed in the odor treatment unit 5 to generate negative pressure, which allows the gas generated in the sewage pretreatment zone 1, biofilm treatment zone 2, packing filter zone 3, and disinfection and sterilization zone 4 to enter the odor treatment unit 5 under the action of air pressure.

[0069] Specifically, the odor treatment unit 5 may include a primary deodorization zone 51 directly connected to the wastewater pretreatment zone 1, the biofilm treatment zone 2, the packing filter zone 3, and the disinfection and sterilization zone 4, and a secondary deodorization zone 52 connected in series with the primary deodorization zone 51; the primary deodorization zone 51 is provided with a perforated plate carrier layer at the bottom, a spray mechanism at the top, and a circulation pump installed in the odor treatment unit 5; the perforated plate carrier layer is provided with a deodorizing agent, and the circulation pump draws the deodorizing agent from the perforated plate carrier layer to the spray mechanism to atomize and spray the deodorizing agent; the secondary deodorization zone 52 is provided with an adsorbent material, which is used to adsorb odor gas molecules.

[0070] Odor-causing substances such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and 3-methylindole come into full contact with, adsorb, and react with the deodorizer on the perforated plate carrier from bottom to top, thereby removing the odor substances. The circulating pump draws the deodorizer from the bottom to the top for circulating spraying, which can effectively increase the contact area between the odor gas and the deodorizer and improve the deodorization efficiency.

[0071] Depending on the deodorization effect, the primary deodorization zone 51 may include at least two absorption treatment zones connected in series; and / or, the secondary deodorization zone 52 may include at least two absorption treatment zones connected in series, until the treated gas is discharged directly.

[0072] In this specific embodiment, by setting up a primary deodorization zone 51 and a secondary deodorization zone 52 connected in series, the treatment effect of odorous gases can be further improved so that the treated gases meet the requirements for direct emission.

[0073] In one specific embodiment, the waste bin system for rail vehicles includes a first chamber, a second chamber, a third chamber, and a fourth chamber. A wastewater pretreatment zone 1 is located in the first chamber, a biofilm treatment zone 2 is located in the second chamber, a packing filter zone 3 is located in the third chamber, and a disinfection and sterilization zone 4 is located in the fourth chamber. The first, second, third, and fourth chambers are arranged in a folded configuration from top to bottom, so that the wastewater treated in the wastewater pretreatment zone 1 flows by gravity to the biofilm treatment zone 2 in the second chamber, the wastewater treated in the biofilm treatment zone 2 flows by gravity to the packing filter zone 3 in the third chamber, and the wastewater treated in the packing filter zone 3 flows by gravity to the disinfection and sterilization zone 4 in the fourth chamber.

[0074] Specifically, the projections of the first, second, third, and fourth chambers in the vertical direction can at least partially overlap, that is, the first, second, third, and fourth chambers can be stacked in the vertical space, which can avoid occupying too much horizontal space. At the same time, the first, second, third, and fourth chambers can be set at an angle so that the sewage can flow under the action of gravity, without the need for an additional power structure, thus saving costs.

[0075] In addition to the aforementioned waste bin system for rail vehicles, the present invention also provides a method for applying the waste bin system for rail vehicles disclosed in the above embodiments, the method comprising:

[0076] Step S1: The sewage is initially filtered through the preliminary filter in the sewage pretreatment zone 1, and larger pollutants are intercepted by the movable baffle 11.

[0077] Step S2: The biofilm in the biofilm treatment zone 2 adsorbs and degrades the organic matter in the pre-filtered wastewater to purify the wastewater.

[0078] Step S3: The suspended solids in the wastewater purified by the biofilm treatment zone 2 are adsorbed and intercepted by the packing filter zone 3 to improve the clarity of the wastewater.

[0079] Step S4: The wastewater treated by the packing filter zone 3 is disinfected and deodorized through the disinfection and sterilization zone 4, and the treated wastewater is discharged.

[0080] Step S5: Collect the odorous gases generated in the wastewater pretreatment zone 1, biofilm treatment zone 2, packing filter zone 3, and disinfection and sterilization zone 4 to the odor treatment unit 5. The odorous substances are then absorbed by the deodorizing agent and adsorbed by the adsorption material in the odor treatment unit 5, and the purified gas is discharged.

[0081] Step S4 includes:

[0082] Step S41: Control the agent dispensing mechanism to dispense disinfectant into the disinfection and sterilization zone 4.

[0083] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Any combination of all embodiments provided by this invention is within the scope of protection of this invention and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0084] The waste bin system and method for rail vehicles provided by this invention have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A waste bin system for rail vehicles, characterized in that, include: Wastewater pretreatment area (1), domestic sewage from toilets is discharged into the wastewater pretreatment area (1), the wastewater pretreatment area (1) is equipped with a preliminary filter and multiple movable baffles (11); the preliminary filter is used to filter large debris; the multiple movable baffles (11) use hydraulic uniformity to mix sewage and sludge, and intercept larger sludge; the movable baffles (11) include a fixed plate (111) and a movable plate (112), the movable plate (112) is adjusted and installed by means of a limiting waist hole and quick release bolts to adjust the distance between the end of the movable plate (112) and the box body to change the sewage flow size and the debris interception effect; The biofilm treatment zone (2) receives primary treated wastewater discharged from the wastewater pretreatment zone (1). The biofilm treatment zone (2) includes a biological carrier with attached microorganisms and an oxygen supply device for providing oxygen to the microorganisms on the surface layer of the biological carrier. The microorganisms are used to absorb and degrade organic matter in the wastewater to purify the wastewater. The packing filter zone (3) receives the purified wastewater discharged from the biofilm treatment zone (2). The packing filter zone (3) includes a packing material component, which is used to adsorb and intercept suspended matter in the wastewater to improve the clarity of the wastewater. The disinfection and sterilization zone (4) receives the filtered wastewater discharged from the packing filter zone (3). The disinfection and sterilization zone (4) contains disinfectant to disinfect and deodorize the wastewater in the disinfection and sterilization zone (4). The disinfection and sterilization zone (4) is equipped with a drain outlet so that the wastewater after disinfection and deodorization can be discharged directly. The odor treatment unit (5) is connected to the sewage pretreatment area (1), the biofilm treatment area (2), the packing filter area (3), and the disinfection and sterilization area (4). The odor treatment unit (5) is equipped with a deodorant that removes odor substances from the odor based on the principle of chemical reaction absorption, an adsorption material that removes odor based on the principle of physical adsorption, and an exhaust fan for generating negative pressure flow. The odor treatment unit (5) includes a primary deodorization zone (51) and a secondary deodorization zone (52), wherein the primary deodorization zone (51) removes odor substances using the principle of chemical reaction absorption; and the secondary deodorization zone (52) adsorbs odor substances based on the principle of physical adsorption. The bottom of the primary deodorization zone (51) is provided with a perforated plate carrier layer, the top is provided with a spray mechanism and a circulation pump provided in the odor treatment unit (5). The perforated plate carrier layer is provided with the deodorant. The circulation pump draws the deodorant from the perforated plate carrier layer to the spray mechanism so that the deodorant is atomized and sprayed out. The secondary deodorization zone (52) is equipped with an adsorption material, which is used to adsorb odor gas molecules.

2. The waste bin system for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preliminary filter element is a porous tube, a porous plate, or a screen; the movable baffle (11) is a baffle with adjustable lateral spacing and movable.

3. The waste bin system for rail vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preliminary filter element is detachably installed in the wastewater pretreatment area (1).

4. The waste bin system for rail vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that, The wastewater pretreatment zone (1) is provided with a plurality of movable baffles (11) that are perpendicular to the wastewater flow direction and are spaced apart, and the fixed plate (111) and the movable plate (112) of the adjacent movable baffles (11) are in opposite positions.

5. The waste bin system for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biological carrier can be a mobile biological carrier or a fixed biological carrier.

6. The waste bin system for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filling material is a suspended filler, a porous plate, or a porous tube.

7. The waste bin system for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes at least one agent dispensing device, which is used to dispense disinfectant into the disinfection and sterilization area (4).

8. The waste bin system for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vent pipe (6) of the odor treatment unit (5) is located at the top or upper part of the sewage pretreatment zone (1), the biofilm treatment zone (2), the packing filter zone (3), and the disinfection and sterilization zone (4), and the odor treatment unit (5) is connected to the sewage pretreatment zone (1), the biofilm treatment zone (2), the packing filter zone (3), and the disinfection and sterilization zone (4) through the vent pipe (6).

9. The waste bin system for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The odor treatment unit (5) includes a primary deodorization zone (51) that is directly connected to the wastewater pretreatment zone (1), the biofilm treatment zone (2), the packing filter zone (3), and the disinfection and sterilization zone (4), and a secondary deodorization zone (52) that is connected in series with the primary deodorization zone (51).

10. The waste bin system for rail vehicles according to claim 9, characterized in that, The primary deodorization zone (51) includes at least two absorption treatment zones connected in series; And / or, the secondary deodorization zone (52) includes at least two absorption treatment zones connected in series.

11. The waste bin system for rail vehicles according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, It includes a first chamber, a second chamber, a third chamber and a fourth chamber. The wastewater pretreatment zone (1) is located in the first chamber, the biofilm treatment zone (2) is located in the second chamber, the packing filter zone (3) is located in the third chamber, and the disinfection and sterilization zone (4) is located in the fourth chamber. The first chamber, the second chamber, the third chamber, and the fourth chamber are arranged in a folded configuration from top to bottom, so that the wastewater treated in the wastewater pretreatment zone (1) flows by gravity to the biofilm treatment zone (2) in the second chamber, the wastewater treated in the biofilm treatment zone (2) flows by gravity to the packing filter zone (3) in the third chamber, and the wastewater treated in the packing filter zone (3) flows by gravity to the disinfection and sterilization zone (4) in the fourth chamber.

12. The waste bin system for rail vehicles according to claim 11, characterized in that, The projections of the first chamber, the second chamber, the third chamber, and the fourth chamber in the vertical direction at least partially overlap.

13. A method applied to the waste bin system for rail vehicles according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, The method includes: Wastewater is initially filtered through the preliminary filter element in the wastewater pretreatment area (1), and larger pollutants are intercepted by the movable baffle (11). The biofilm in the biofilm treatment zone (2) adsorbs and degrades the organic matter in the pre-filtered wastewater to purify the wastewater. The wastewater clarification is improved by adsorbing and intercepting suspended solids in the wastewater after it has been purified by the biofilm treatment zone (2) through the filler filter zone (3); The wastewater treated by the packing filter zone (3) is disinfected and deodorized in the disinfection and sterilization zone (4), and the treated wastewater is discharged. The odorous gases generated in the wastewater pretreatment zone (1), the biofilm treatment zone (2), the packing filter zone (3), and the disinfection and sterilization zone (4) are collected and sent to the odor treatment unit (5). The odorous substances are absorbed by the deodorizing agent and adsorbed by the adsorption material in the odor treatment unit (5), and the deodorized gas is discharged.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, It also includes at least one agent dispensing mechanism, wherein the wastewater treated by the packing filter zone (3) through the disinfection and sterilization zone (4) is disinfected and deodorized, and the treated wastewater is discharged, including: Control the agent dispensing mechanism to dispense disinfectant into the disinfection and sterilization area (4).

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