A gas-electric staged heating system for polar ship stairway anti-icing

Abstract

This invention discloses a gas-electric graded heating system for anti-freezing staircases on polar ships, comprising a gas heat exchange device and an electric heating system. The main engine exhaust gas inlet and outlet pipes serve as staircase handrails. Heat dissipation pipes are laid on the underside of the steps, with both ends connected to the main inlet and outlet pipes respectively, utilizing the heat energy of the main engine exhaust gas to melt ice. The electric heating system precisely controls the ice melting process in stages based on the detection results of a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a current detection device. The gas heat exchange device and the electric heating system work together to fully utilize the heat energy of the main engine exhaust gas, providing uniform heating and timely, precise control of the heating level, improving ice melting efficiency while saving electricity. It also avoids the problem of delayed de-icing by the heat exchange device in severe weather. The system has a simple structure, low cost, and effectively prevents personnel from slipping and falling due to icing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a polar ship antifreeze and de-icing technology, and more particularly to a gas-electric graded heating system for preventing freezing of stairs on polar ships. Background Technology

[0002] Polar waters are geographically unique, with low temperatures and high humidity, making ships highly susceptible to icing when navigating them. Ship staircases, often made of steel plates and steep, pose a significant risk of slipping and falling when icy. Currently, there are three main methods for preventing and melting ice on ships: manual de-icing, salting, and using de-icing agents. Manual de-icing primarily uses tools like pointed awls, which operate in harsh environments, increase labor costs and the risk of slips and falls, and has low efficiency. Salting utilizes the lower freezing point of salt solutions compared to water, but its melting rate is low in extremely cold environments, and salt dissolved in water is corrosive to the hull. De-icing agents contain chemicals and are widely used, but while effective at melting ice, their residues can also corrode the hull. Existing staircase heating equipment suffers from low melting efficiency, uneven heating, and high energy consumption, and cannot automatically melt or remove ice in real time according to changes in external conditions. A system that doesn't precisely adjust the heating level based on changes in the external environment and the icing condition of the stairs can lead to inconsistent heating levels. At low temperatures, this can result in slow or ineffective melting, while at relatively high temperatures, it can cause overheating and waste resources. Furthermore, it cannot effectively prevent icing on stairs in polar vessels, increasing the risk of crew members slipping and injuring themselves in polar waters. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to uniformly heat the stairs of polar vessels, improve the melting rate, make full use of exhaust gas resources, and combine a staged electric heating system to ensure good melting effect and high melting rate while reducing energy consumption. This invention provides a gas-electric staged heating system for preventing freezing of stairs on polar vessels.

[0004] Technical Solution: The gas-electric graded heating system for anti-freezing staircases on polar ships according to the present invention includes a gas heat exchange device and an electric heating system; the gas heat exchange device includes a main input pipe and a main output pipe arranged on both sides of the staircase, and a heat dissipation pipe laid on the lower surface of the steps, with the two ends of the heat dissipation pipe connected to the main input pipe and the main output pipe respectively through several branch pipes; the electric heating system includes a power supply, a control circuit, a heating device laid flat on the lower surface of the steps and between the heat dissipation pipes, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a current detection device arranged on the upper surface of the steps; the electric heating system controls the heating device to heat in stages according to the detection results of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, and the current detection device.

[0005] Furthermore, both ends of the main input pipe and the main output pipe are fixed to the hull by support frames, and the main input pipe and the main output pipe also serve as handrails for the stairs.

[0006] Furthermore, the branch pipes and heat dissipation pipes are tightly connected via adapters to prevent hot air from leaking from the pipe connections, causing heat loss and affecting the ice melting efficiency.

[0007] Furthermore, the first temperature sensor is positioned close to the heat dissipation pipe to detect the surface temperature of the steps to confirm whether the heat dissipation pipe is working and to accurately adjust the heating level; the second temperature sensor and humidity sensor are used to monitor the temperature and humidity of the external environment and are set on the side surface of the stairs to prevent damage when people pass by, as they cannot detect changes in temperature and humidity in the external environment in a timely and accurate manner.

[0008] Furthermore, the main input pipe, main output pipe, and adapter are provided with an insulation layer on the outside and bottom of the heat dissipation pipe to prevent heat loss and ensure effective ice melting, while also preventing burns to personnel due to excessively high temperatures.

[0009] Furthermore, the exhaust gas from the main unit is treated and then pumped into the air inlet at the upper end of the main input pipe to increase the flow rate of the exhaust gas and make full use of the exhaust gas to increase the ice melting rate; it is discharged through the air outlet at the lower end of the main output pipe to ensure that the hot gas can evenly fill the entire gas heat exchange device, uniformly heat all parts of the staircase, and prevent the staircase from frosting and freezing in all directions.

[0010] Furthermore, the current detection device includes an insulating container, a disconnected wire, and a current detector connected to the wire, used to detect whether there is water or ice on the upper surface of the step; the insulating container is made of non-glass material with a bottom thickness of 3-5mm to avoid the bottom thickness being too large and hindering the heating effect of the heating device on the lower surface of the step on the insulating container, thus affecting the detection effect; the total height of the insulating container is 20-30mm, and the distance from the side of the staircase does not exceed 50mm to prevent damage to it when people pass by.

[0011] Furthermore, the first and second temperature sensors are configured with two threshold values, while the humidity sensor is configured with one threshold value. The heating device of the electric heating system is one of induction heating, resistance heating, medium heating, or infrared heating. The electric heating system is configured with five heating levels, and the corresponding heating level is precisely selected to heat the stairs based on the heating status of the gas heat exchange device, changes in the temperature and humidity of the external environment, and the water accumulation on the stair surface. This ensures energy savings while maintaining the ice-melting effect and melting rate, and guarantees the safety of personnel passage.

[0012] Furthermore, a regulating valve is provided at one end of the heat dissipation pipe near the main output pipe to regulate the pressure of the airflow inside the pipe and ensure the stability of the airflow.

[0013] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: 1. It makes full use of the heat energy generated by the exhaust gas of the main unit; 2. The electric heating system can avoid the problem of untimely de-icing of the gas heat exchange device in severe weather; 3. The electric heating system monitors the heating status of the gas heat exchange device, changes in the external environment, and the icing status of the stairs in a timely and accurate manner through three-level detection, and sets five heating levels to adjust the heating level in a timely and precise manner, thereby improving the de-icing rate while saving power resources; 4. The main input pipe and the main output pipe also serve as the handrail of the stairs. The system has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, uniform heating, timely de-icing, and high de-icing efficiency, effectively preventing people from slipping and falling due to icing. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electric heating control system of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a top view of the current detection device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the gas-electric graded heating control process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] like Figure 1-4The illustrated gas-electric staged heating system for anti-freezing staircases on polar vessels includes a gas heat exchanger and an electric heating system. The gas heat exchanger includes a main inlet pipe 9 and a main outlet pipe 8, which also serve as handrails on both sides of the staircase 1. Both ends of the main inlet pipe 9 and the main outlet pipe 8 are fixed to the hull via support frames 11. A heat dissipation pipe 13 is laid on the lower surface of the step 3. Both ends of the heat dissipation pipe 13 are connected to the main inlet pipe 9 and the main outlet pipe 8 via several branch pipes 7. An adapter 12 is provided between the branch pipes 7 and the heat dissipation pipe 13. A regulating valve 2 is provided at the end of the heat dissipation pipe 13 near the main outlet pipe 8. After treatment, the exhaust gas from the main engine is pumped into the main inlet pipe 9 through the inlet 10 to heat and melt the ice on the step 3. The gas is then discharged from the outlet 14 at the lower end of the main outlet pipe 8. The regulating valve 2 is used to adjust the gas pressure within the pipe to ensure airflow stability. An insulation layer is provided on the exterior of the main inlet pipe 9, the main outlet pipe 8, and the adapter 12, as well as at the bottom of the heat dissipation pipe 13, to prevent heat loss and ensure effective ice melting, while also preventing burns due to excessive temperature.

[0021] The electric heating system includes a power supply 17, a control circuit 16, a heating device 21 laid flat on the lower surface of the step 3 and between the heat dissipation pipe 13, a first temperature sensor 15, a second temperature sensor 6, a humidity sensor 5, and a current detection device 20 set on the upper surface of the step 3. The heating device 21 is a resistance heating device, but it can also be an induction heating device, a medium heating device, or an infrared heating device depending on actual needs. The first temperature sensor 15 is attached to the heat dissipation pipe 13, and the second temperature sensor 6 and the humidity sensor 5 are set on the side surface of the stair 1. The first temperature sensor 15 and the second temperature sensor 6 are set with two threshold values ​​of 0°C and 4°C, and the humidity sensor 5 is set with a threshold value of 50%. The current detection device 20 includes an insulating container 4, a disconnected wire 19, and a current detector 18 connected to the wire 19. The insulating container 4 is made of glass, with a bottom thickness of 4mm, a total height of 25mm, and is set 25mm away from the side of the stair 1.

[0022] Table 1 Heating Levels of Electric Heating Devices

[0023] Heating level Heating power (W) <![CDATA[Ice melting volume per unit time (cm 3 / min)]]> 0 (No heating) - - 1 150 30 2 300 60 3 450 90 4 600 120

[0024] like Figure 5 The electric heating system shown has five heating levels, as detailed in Table 1. The operation of the heating device 21 is controlled based on the detection results of the first temperature sensor 15, the second temperature sensor 6, the humidity sensor 5, and the current detection device 20.

[0025] When the current detection device 20 detects current, it determines that the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 15 is lower than the first threshold of 0°C and starts level 4 heating; when the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 15 is between the first threshold and the second threshold, it starts level 3 heating; when the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 15 is higher than the second threshold of 4°C, it stops heating.

[0026] When the current detection device 20 does not detect current, the second temperature sensor 6 detects a temperature below the first threshold of 0°C, determines that the humidity sensor 6 detects a humidity greater than or equal to 50%, determines that the first temperature sensor detects a temperature below the first threshold of 0°C and initiates level 4 heating, determines that the first temperature sensor 15 detects a temperature between the first and second thresholds and initiates level 3 heating, and determines that the first temperature sensor 15 detects a temperature above the second threshold of 4°C and does not heat; when the humidity sensor 6 detects a humidity less than 50%, determines that the first temperature sensor 15 detects a temperature below the first threshold of 0°C and initiates level 3 heating, determines that the first temperature sensor 15 detects a temperature between the first and second thresholds and initiates level 2 heating, and determines that the first temperature sensor 15 detects a temperature above the second threshold of 4°C and does not heat.

[0027] When the current detection device 20 does not detect current, the second temperature sensor 6 detects a temperature between the first threshold and the second threshold, determines that the humidity detected by the humidity sensor 6 is greater than or equal to 50%, determines that the detected value of the first temperature sensor 15 is lower than the first threshold of 0°C and starts level 2 heating; determines that the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor 15 is between the first threshold and the second threshold and starts level 1 heating; determines that the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor 15 is higher than the second threshold of 4°C and stops heating.

[0028] When the current detection device 20 does not detect current, the second temperature sensor 6 detects a temperature between the first threshold and the second threshold, and determines that the humidity detected by the humidity sensor 6 is less than 50%, so it does not heat up.

[0029] When the current detection device 20 does not detect current, the second temperature sensor 6 detects a temperature greater than the second threshold of 4°C and does not heat up.

Claims

1. A gas-electric staged heating system for anti-freezing of staircases on polar ships, comprising a gas heat exchange device and an electric heating system; characterized in that, The gas heat exchange device includes a main input pipe (9) and a main output pipe (8) set on both sides of the staircase (1) and a heat dissipation pipe (13) laid on the lower surface of the step (3). The two ends of the heat dissipation pipe (13) are connected to the main input pipe (9) and the main output pipe (8) through several branch pipes (7). The electric heating system includes a power supply (17), a control circuit (16), a heating device (21) laid flat on the lower surface of the step (3) and between the heat dissipation pipe (13), a first temperature sensor (15), a second temperature sensor (6), a humidity sensor (5), and a current detection device (20) set on the upper surface of the step (3). The electric heating system controls the heating device (21) to work according to the detection results of the first temperature sensor (15), the second temperature sensor (6), the humidity sensor (5), and the current detection device (20). The current detection device (20) includes an insulating container (4), a disconnected wire (19), and a current detector (18) connected to the wire (19). The electric heating system is set with five heating levels.

2. The gas-electrically staged heating system for polar vessel stair anti-icing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the total input pipe (9) and the total output pipe (8) are fixed to the hull by support frames (11).

3. The gas-electrically hierarchical heating system for polar ship stair anti-icing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The branch pipe (7) and the heat dissipation pipe (13) are connected by an adapter (12).

4. The gas-electrically hierarchical heating system for polar ship stair anti-icing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first temperature sensor (15) for detecting the temperature of the upper surface of the step (3) is set close to the heat dissipation pipe (13); the second temperature sensor (6) and humidity sensor (5) for detecting the temperature and humidity of the external environment are set on the side surface of the staircase (1).

5. The gas-electrically hierarchical heating system for polar ship stair anti-icing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main input pipe (9), the main output pipe (8), and the adapter (12) are provided with an insulation layer on the outside and the bottom of the heat dissipation pipe (13).

6. The gas-electrically hierarchical heating system for polar ship stair anti-icing according to claim 1, characterized in that, After treatment, the exhaust gas from the main unit is pumped into the main input pipe (9) through the inlet (10) at the upper end and discharged through the outlet (14) at the lower end of the main output pipe (8).

7. The gas-electrically hierarchical heating system for polar ship stair anti-icing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating container (4) is made of glass, with a bottom thickness of 3-5mm, a total height of 20-30mm, and a distance of no more than 50mm from the side of the staircase (1).

8. The gas-electric graded heating system for antifreezing staircases in polar vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first temperature sensor (15) and the second temperature sensor (6) are set with two threshold values, and the humidity sensor (5) is set with one threshold value; the heating device (21) is one of induction heating, resistance heating, medium heating or infrared heating.

9. The gas-electric graded heating system for antifreezing staircases in polar vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation pipe (13) is equipped with a regulating valve (2) at one end near the main output pipe (8).

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