Water guide laser coupling processing device
By setting a focusing device and a laser path adjustment device in the water-guided laser processing device, efficient coupling between laser and water jet is achieved, solving the problem of poor laser-water coupling accuracy in traditional water-guided laser processing devices, and realizing the effects of deep processing and low maintenance costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANGHAI AIRCRAFT MFG
- Filing Date
- 2022-06-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-10
AI Technical Summary
Traditional water-guided laser processing devices have poor coupling accuracy between laser and water, making it difficult to perform efficient and deep processing.
A water-guided laser coupling processing device is adopted, which includes a shell, a light guide device, a liquid chamber, a focusing device, and a laser path adjustment device. By simulating the laser path through the focusing device and combining it with the laser path adjustment device, the light emitted by the supplementary light lamp coincides with the laser path, thereby achieving efficient coupling between the laser and the water jet.
It enables deep processing with high-power lasers, improves processing depth and device safety performance, and reduces maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN117340430B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser processing technology, and in particular to a water-guided laser coupling processing device. Background Technology
[0002] Water-guided laser processing technology utilizes the principle of total internal reflection of light in a two-phase medium of water and air to couple a laser beam into a water jet to process materials. Due to the transient nature of pulsed laser processing and the cooling and rinsing effect of the water jet on the material surface, water-guided laser processing technology has unique advantages in the processing of brittle and heat-sensitive materials.
[0003] Compared to traditional dry laser processing, water-guided laser processing significantly reduces the taper and heat-affected zone. However, traditional water-guided laser processing devices suffer from poor coupling accuracy between the laser and water, making it difficult to perform high-efficiency, deep-penetration processing.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a water-guided laser coupling processing device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0005] This invention provides a water-guided laser coupling processing device that can achieve efficient coupling of high-power lasers, perform deep-penetration processing, and has the advantages of large processing depth and low maintenance cost.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] A water-guided laser coupling processing device, comprising:
[0008] The outer casing has a light-inlet hole on its top end face;
[0009] A light guide device is disposed within the housing, and the light guide device includes a focusing lens;
[0010] A liquid chamber is connected to the outer shell. A light-transmitting hole is provided at one end of the liquid chamber near the light guide device. A window lens is disposed at the light-transmitting hole. A liquid outlet is provided on the liquid chamber.
[0011] The focusing device includes a fill light, a display device, and a displacement adjustment device;
[0012] The supplementary light is mounted on the inner wall of the housing, and the display device is mounted on the housing. The display device allows observation of the position of the light emitted by the supplementary light, the focal point of the focusing lens, and the position of the liquid outlet. The displacement adjustment device allows the focusing lens to move along the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, so that the light emitted by the supplementary light sequentially passes through the light guide device, the focal point of the focusing lens, the window lens, and the liquid outlet.
[0013] The laser path adjustment device defines the path of the light emitted by the supplementary light lamp passing sequentially through the light guide device, the focal point of the focusing lens, the window lens, and the liquid outlet as the first path, and the path of the laser passing sequentially through the light guide device, the focal point of the focusing lens, the window lens, and the liquid outlet as the second path, and the laser path adjustment device can make the first path coincide with the second path.
[0014] Optionally, the laser path adjustment device includes:
[0015] A first reflector is connected to the outer casing. The first reflector is disposed below the light inlet and opposite to the light inlet. The laser beam irradiates the first reflector along the Z-axis.
[0016] The second reflector is connected to the outer casing. The second reflector is disposed below the fill light and opposite to the fill light. The light emitted by the fill light passes through the second reflector along the Z-axis direction.
[0017] The first reflector and the second reflector are arranged in parallel, and the intersection of the light emitted by the supplementary light and the second reflector coincides with the intersection of the laser reflected by the first reflector and the second reflector.
[0018] Optionally, the angle between the first reflector and the X-axis is 45°, and the angle between the second reflector and the X-axis is 45°.
[0019] Optionally, the displacement adjustment device includes:
[0020] The Z-axis focusing knob is rotatably connected to the housing. The Z-axis focusing knob has an internal thread. The light guide device also includes a light guide tube with an external thread. The internal thread is threadedly connected to the external thread.
[0021] The XY-axis displacement stage is fixedly connected to the light guide tube, and the focusing lens is fixed on the XY-axis displacement stage.
[0022] Optionally, it also includes a laminar flow protection device, which is disposed at the liquid outlet to protect the water jet at the liquid outlet.
[0023] Optionally, the laminar flow protection device includes a body and a first through hole disposed on the body, the body being connected to the liquid chamber, and the first through hole being coaxially disposed with the liquid outlet.
[0024] Optionally, the diameter of the first through hole gradually increases in the direction away from the liquid outlet.
[0025] Optionally, the laminar flow protection device includes:
[0026] A support rod, one end of which is connected to the liquid chamber;
[0027] A baffle plate is provided, and the other end of the support rod is connected to the baffle plate. The baffle plate is provided with a second through hole, which is coaxially arranged with the liquid outlet.
[0028] Optionally, the diameter of the baffle is greater than or equal to the diameter of the liquid chamber.
[0029] Optionally, the liquid chamber is further provided with a plurality of liquid inlets, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the liquid chamber.
[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:
[0031] This invention provides a water-guided laser coupling processing device, comprising a housing, a light guide device, a liquid chamber, a focusing device, and a laser path adjustment device. By setting the focusing device, the laser path can be simulated, ensuring that the light emitted by the supplementary light lamp, the focal point of the focusing lens, and the liquid outlet are on the same axis. Combined with the laser path adjustment device, the first path of the light emitted by the supplementary light lamp coincides with the second path of the laser transmission. While ensuring the safety performance of the aforementioned water-guided laser coupling processing device, the purpose of adjusting the laser transmission path is achieved, resulting in high coupling between the laser and the water jet at the liquid outlet, thereby realizing deep processing with high-power laser.
[0032] By setting up a liquid chamber, a stable water jet can be continuously output from the outlet, ensuring the reliability of the coupling between the laser and the water jet, thereby improving the working reliability of the aforementioned water-guided laser coupling processing device. Attached Figure Description
[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water-guided laser coupling technician provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0034] Figure 2 This is an assembly diagram of the focusing lens and the XY-axis displacement stage provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laminar flow protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the central baffle.
[0037] In the picture:
[0038] 100. Outer shell; 110. First section; 111. Light inlet; 120. Second section; 200. Light guide device; 210. Focusing lens; 220. Light guide tube; 300. Liquid chamber; 310. Light transmission hole; 320. Window lens; 330. Liquid outlet; 340. Liquid inlet; 410. Supplemental light; 420. Display device; 430. Displacement adjustment device; 431. Z-axis focusing knob; 432. XY-axis displacement stage; 510. First reflector; 520. Second reflector; 600. Laminar flow protection device; 611. Body; 612. First through hole; 621. Support rod; 622. Baffle plate; 6221. Second through hole. Detailed Implementation
[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "first position" and "second position" refer to two different positions. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the first feature in relation to the second feature includes the first feature directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "under," and "below" the first feature in relation to the second feature includes the first feature directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0042] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0043] This invention provides a water-guided laser coupling processing device that can achieve efficient coupling of high-power lasers, perform deep-penetration processing, and has the advantages of large processing depth and low maintenance cost.
[0044] Specifically, such as Figure 1As shown, the water-guided laser coupling processing device includes a housing 100, a light guide device 200, a liquid chamber 300, a focusing device, and a laser path adjustment device. The housing 100 has a light inlet hole 111 on its top surface, through which the laser emitted by the laser enters the housing 100. The light guide device 200 is disposed within the housing 100 and includes a focusing lens 210, which enables the laser beam to form a uniformly sized focused spot on the processing area of the material to be processed. The liquid chamber 300 is connected to the housing 100, and a light transmission hole 310 is provided at one end of the liquid chamber 300 near the light guide device 200. A window lens 320 is provided at the light transmission hole, allowing the laser to enter the liquid chamber 300 through the window lens 320. A liquid outlet 330 is provided on the liquid chamber 300. The liquid in the liquid chamber 300 flows out from the liquid outlet 330 and forms a water jet. The diameter of the liquid chamber 300 should be larger than the diameter of the liquid outlet 330 to facilitate a stable water jet. The focusing device can simulate the laser path and adjust the laser path in advance. Since the laser can remove materials, if the laser path deviates, it may damage the components of the water-guided laser coupling processing device. Therefore, a focusing device is set up to adjust the laser path in advance to avoid damage to the components of the water-guided laser coupling processing device and improve the safety performance of the water-guided laser coupling processing device. Specifically, the focusing device includes a supplementary light 410, a display device 420, and a displacement adjustment device 430. The supplementary light 410 is set on the inner wall of the housing 100, and the light emitted by the supplementary light 410 is used to simulate a laser. The display device 420 is set on the housing 100, and the operator can observe the position of the light emitted by the supplementary light 410, the focal position of the focusing lens 210, and the position of the liquid outlet 330 through the display device 420. The displacement adjustment device 430 enables the focusing lens 210 to move along the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis. The operator observes the position of the light emitted by the supplementary light lamp 410 and the position of the liquid outlet 330 via the display device 420, and adjusts the position of the focusing lens 210 using the displacement adjustment device 430 so that the light emitted by the supplementary light lamp 410 passes through the focal point of the focusing lens 210 and exits from the liquid outlet 330. For ease of understanding, the path of the light emitted by the supplementary light lamp 410 sequentially passing through the light guide device 200, the focal point of the focusing lens 210, the window lens 320, and the liquid outlet 330 is defined as the first path, and the path of the laser sequentially passing through the light guide device 200, the focal point of the focusing lens 210, the window lens 320, and the liquid outlet 330 is defined as the second path. The laser path adjustment device enables the first path to coincide with the second path, thereby preventing damage to the components of the aforementioned water-guided laser coupling processing device by the laser.
[0045] This invention, by incorporating a focusing device and a laser path adjustment device, and using a focusing lens 210 to focus the laser, significantly reduces the diameter of the outlet 330 compared to existing technologies. This allows the dispersed laser beam to be focused into a high-power laser beam and emitted from the outlet 330, improving the coupling performance between the laser and the water jet and enabling deep processing with high-power laser. Furthermore, the aforementioned water-guided laser coupling processing device has a simple structure and low maintenance costs.
[0046] Further, see also Figure 1 The liquid chamber 300 is also provided with multiple liquid inlets 340, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the liquid chamber 300. The liquid conveying equipment conveys pressurized liquid into the liquid chamber 300 through the liquid inlets 340.
[0047] Further, see also Figure 1 The laser path adjustment device includes a first reflector 510 and a second reflector 520. The first reflector 510 is connected to the housing 100 and is positioned below and opposite to the light inlet 111. In this embodiment, the laser beam illuminates the first reflector 510 along the Z-axis. The second reflector 520 is connected to the housing 100 and is positioned below and opposite to the supplementary light 410. In this embodiment, the light emitted by the supplementary light 410 passes through the second reflector 520 along the Z-axis. By arranging the first reflector 510 and the second reflector 520 parallel to each other, and ensuring that the intersection of the light emitted by the supplementary light 410 and the second reflector 520 coincides with the intersection of the laser beam reflected by the first reflector 510 and the second reflector 520, the first path and the second path can be made to coincide. For ease of understanding, the light ray between the supplementary light 410 and the second reflector 520 is defined as line segment A, and the laser beam between the first reflector 510 and the second reflector 520 is defined as line segment B. Then, the intersection point a of line segment A and the second reflector 520 coincides with the intersection point a' of line segment B and the second reflector 520. This ensures that the first path C and the second path C' coincide.
[0048] Optionally, see [link to relevant documentation] Figure 1 In this embodiment, the angle b between the first reflector 510 and the X-axis is 45°, and the angle b' between the second reflector 520 and the X-axis is 45°. In other embodiments, the angles between the first reflector 510 and the X-axis, and the angles between the second reflector 520 and the X-axis, can also be other values, depending on actual needs.
[0049] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the displacement adjustment device 430 includes a Z-axis focusing knob 431 and an XY-axis displacement stage 432. The Z-axis focusing knob 431 is rotatably connected to the housing 100 and has an internal thread. The light guide device 200 also includes a light guide tube 220 with an external thread, the internal thread being threadedly connected to the external thread. In this embodiment, the Z-axis focusing knob 431 can only rotate around the Z-axis; therefore, rotating the Z-axis focusing knob 431 moves the light guide tube 220 along the Z-axis. The XY-axis displacement stage 432 is fixedly connected to the light guide tube 220, and the focusing lens 210 is fixed on the XY-axis displacement stage 432. The XY-axis displacement stage 432 allows the focusing lens 210 to move along the X and Y axes. Since the XY-axis displacement stage 432 is existing technology, it will not be described in detail here. By using the Z-axis focusing knob 431 and the XY-axis displacement stage 432, the focusing lens 210 can be moved along the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions to achieve laser focusing.
[0050] Preferably, since sputtering during processing can affect the stability of the water jet and thus the processing quality, a laminar flow protection device 600 is installed at the liquid outlet 330 to protect the water jet, prevent sputtering during processing from affecting the stability of the water jet, and improve the processing quality of the aforementioned water-guided laser coupling processing device.
[0051] Further, see also Figure 1 In one embodiment, the laminar flow protection device 600 includes a body 611 and a first through hole 612. The body 611 is connected to the liquid chamber 300, and the first through hole 612 is coaxially arranged with the liquid outlet 330. The body 611 can block sputtering generated during processing, keeping the water jet ejected from the liquid outlet 330 within a stable shape in the first through hole 612, thereby improving the processing quality of the aforementioned water-guided laser coupling processing device. Optionally, the shape of the body 611 can be cylindrical, cuboid, etc., depending on actual needs.
[0052] Preferably, since the water jet begins to disperse due to the reduced pressure at the end farther from the outlet 330, the diameter of the first through hole 612 gradually increases in the direction away from the outlet 330, which facilitates the flow of the water jet.
[0053] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in another embodiment, the laminar flow protection device 600 includes a support rod 621 and a baffle plate 622. One end of the support rod 621 is connected to the liquid chamber 300, and the other end is connected to the baffle plate 622. The baffle plate 622 has a second through hole 6221, which is coaxially arranged with the liquid outlet 330, allowing the water jet to exit through the second through hole 6221. By providing the baffle plate 622, splashing generated during processing can be blocked, protecting the stability of the water jet and thus improving the processing quality of the aforementioned water-guided laser coupling processing device. Preferably, the diameter of the baffle plate 622 is greater than or equal to the diameter of the liquid chamber 300, so that the baffle plate 622 can protect the entire liquid chamber 300 and extend the service life of the aforementioned water-guided laser coupling processing device.
[0054] Furthermore, the outer casing 100 includes a first portion 110 and a second portion 120, which are detachably connected. In this embodiment, a light inlet 111 is disposed on the first portion 110, and a light guide device 200 is disposed within the second portion 120. The detachable connection between the first portion 110 and the second portion 120 facilitates the installation of the light guide device 200.
[0055] To facilitate understanding, the working process of the above-mentioned water-guided laser coupling processing device will be briefly introduced below:
[0056] First, the light emitted by the supplementary light lamp 410 is focused by the focusing lens 210 and then emitted from the liquid outlet 330 through the focusing device, and the first path C and the second path C' are made to coincide through the laser path adjustment device.
[0057] Then, the control system is activated, and the liquid delivery equipment delivers pressurized liquid into the liquid chamber 300, causing the liquid outlet 330 to spray out a water jet.
[0058] Finally, the laser is turned on, allowing the laser to enter the housing 100 through the light inlet 111. After being reflected by the first reflector 510 and the second reflector 520, the laser is transmitted along the second path, ensuring that the laser enters the water jet. The laser undergoes total internal reflection in the water jet. The controller can control the movement of the above-mentioned water-guided laser coupling processing device to transmit the laser energy to the processing surface of the material to be processed, thereby achieving efficient, stable, and deep removal processing of the material to be processed.
[0059] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A water-guided laser coupling processing device, characterized in that, include: The outer casing (100) has a light inlet hole (111) on its top end face; A light guide device (200) is disposed within the housing (100), the light guide device (200) including a focusing lens (210); A liquid chamber (300) is connected to the outer shell (100). A light-transmitting hole (310) is provided at one end of the liquid chamber (300) near the light guide device (200). A window lens (320) is provided at the light-transmitting hole (310). An outlet (330) is provided on the liquid chamber (300). The focusing device includes a fill light (410), a display device (420), and a displacement adjustment device (430); The supplementary light (410) is disposed on the inner wall of the housing (100), and the display device (420) is disposed on the housing (100). The display device (420) allows observation of the position of the light emitted by the supplementary light (410), the focal point of the focusing lens (210), and the position of the liquid outlet (330). The displacement adjustment device (430) allows the focusing lens (210) to move along the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions, so that the light emitted by the supplementary light (410) sequentially passes through the light guide device (200), the focal point of the focusing lens (210), the window lens (320), and the liquid outlet (330). The laser path adjustment device defines the path of the light emitted by the supplementary light lamp (410) passing sequentially through the light guide device (200), the focal point of the focusing lens (210), the window lens (320), and the liquid outlet (330) as the first path, and the path of the laser passing sequentially through the light guide device (200), the focal point of the focusing lens (210), the window lens (320), and the liquid outlet (330) as the second path. The laser path adjustment device can make the first path coincide with the second path. The laser path adjustment device includes: The first reflector (510) is connected to the outer shell (100). The first reflector (510) is disposed below the light inlet (111) and opposite to the light inlet (111). The laser beam irradiates the first reflector (510) along the Z-axis direction. The second reflector (520) is connected to the housing (100). The second reflector (520) is disposed below the fill light (410) and opposite to the fill light (410). The light emitted by the fill light (410) passes through the second reflector (520) along the Z-axis direction. The first reflector (510) and the second reflector (520) are arranged in parallel, and the intersection of the light emitted by the supplementary light (410) and the second reflector (520) coincides with the intersection of the laser reflected by the first reflector (510) and the second reflector (520). The focusing device can simulate the laser path and adjust the laser path in advance.
2. The water-guided laser coupling processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first reflector (510) has an angle of 45° with the X-axis, and the second reflector (520) has an angle of 45° with the X-axis.
3. The water-guided laser coupling processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The displacement adjustment device (430) includes: The Z-axis focusing knob (431) is rotatably connected to the housing (100). The Z-axis focusing knob (431) is provided with an internal thread. The light guide device (200) also includes a light guide tube (220). The light guide tube (220) is provided with an external thread. The internal thread is threadedly connected to the external thread. The XY-axis displacement stage (432) is fixedly connected to the light guide tube (220), and the focusing lens (210) is fixed on the XY-axis displacement stage (432).
4. The water-guided laser coupling processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It also includes a laminar flow protection device (600), which is disposed at the liquid outlet (330) to protect the water jet at the liquid outlet (330).
5. The water-guided laser coupling processing apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The laminar flow protection device (600) includes a body (611) and a first through hole (612) disposed on the body (611). The body (611) is connected to the liquid chamber (300), and the first through hole (612) is coaxially disposed with the liquid outlet (330).
6. The water-guided laser coupling processing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, Along the direction away from the liquid outlet (330), the diameter of the first through hole (612) gradually increases.
7. The water-guided laser coupling processing apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The laminar flow protection device (600) includes: A support rod (621) is connected at one end to the liquid chamber (300); A baffle plate (622) is provided on the baffle plate (622), and the other end of the support rod (621) is connected to the baffle plate (622). The baffle plate (622) is provided with a second through hole (6221), and the second through hole (6221) is coaxially arranged with the liquid outlet (330).
8. The water-guided laser coupling processing apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The diameter of the baffle (622) is greater than or equal to the diameter of the liquid chamber (300).
9. The water-guided laser coupling processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The liquid chamber (300) is also provided with a plurality of liquid inlets (340), which are spaced apart circumferentially along the liquid chamber (300).