A method for assisting the spring creep of an impedance and compensating for the height drop due to the creep

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for resisting the creep of an auxiliary spring and compensating for height loss due to creep. It uses a mandrel as a base to establish a pneumatic auxiliary support for the auxiliary spring. During application, this support shares the load and impact on the auxiliary spring, and when the auxiliary spring creeps and loses height, it is inflated with gas to compensate for the height loss. Furthermore, the space between the support plate and the mandrel is sealed to form an outer cavity, and a sealed inner cavity is set within the mandrel, connecting the outer and inner cavities. Both cavities are then pressurized to a set pressure value. This slows down the creep process of the auxiliary spring and compensates for height loss after creep occurs. Throughout the entire lifespan of the air spring, the rubber air bladder does not need to be inflated to compensate for the height loss of the auxiliary spring, thus ensuring that the entire air spring maintains its ideal original stiffness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for resistive spring creep and compensating for height loss due to creep, belonging to the field of train vibration reduction technology. Background Technology

[0002] An air spring mainly consists of a lower auxiliary spring and an upper rubber air bladder.

[0003] The auxiliary spring has a rigid mandrel. The outer circumference of the mandrel is a rubber body, vulcanized integrally with the mandrel and stacked upwards. From the inside out, the rubber body has multiple layers of metal spacers, also vulcanized integrally with the rubber body. On the outer circumference of the rubber body is a metal outer sleeve, also vulcanized integrally with the rubber body. The top of the metal outer sleeve is a support plate. There is a space between the support plate and the top of the mandrel, allowing the support plate to sink downwards when subjected to vertical impact loads. The distance between the support plate and the top of the mandrel is approximately 20-40 mm.

[0004] The top of the rubber airbag is a cover plate, and the outer periphery of the bottom surface of the cover plate and the outer periphery of the metal jacket are sealed by an annular rubber bladder to form a rubber airbag.

[0005] The bottom of the spindle is the mounting base for the air spring.

[0006] Typically, to save materials and reduce weight, the mandrel is a hollow body that runs through the top and bottom.

[0007] Air springs are installed on the bogies to support the train carriages and to provide multi-directional vibration damping during operation.

[0008] Because the auxiliary spring is located at the bottom of the rubber airbag, it bears the entire load above the rubber airbag.

[0009] Originally, rubber materials can recover from deformation when subjected to load impacts, a property utilized for vibration damping in various components. However, when applied to train auxiliary springs, the rubber material undergoes irreversible creep due to the long-term pressure of the carriage and the inherent properties of rubber. This creep is accelerated, especially under repeated overload impacts, causing the auxiliary spring height to gradually decrease, resulting in a lower overall height. To compensate for this height reduction, a differential pressure valve is activated, using a dedicated pneumatic system to inflate the rubber air bladder, increasing its height to compensate for the creep. However, this method of compensating for height by inflating the rubber air bladder increases its stiffness, negatively impacting the train's vibration damping effect. Meanwhile, the creep of the auxiliary spring reduces the stop space between the support plate and the auxiliary spring core shaft. During vehicle operation, vibrations will be transmitted, making it easier for the two to trigger rigid contact, which will also affect the damping effect. Furthermore, frequent impacts will cause the internal screws to gradually loosen and fall off, which may lead to the detachment of other parts, rupture the airbag, and create a safety hazard.

[0010] In addition to the problems mentioned above, the creep generated by the auxiliary spring rubber body will also cause the following adverse consequences:

[0011] 1. As the creep of the auxiliary spring rubber body becomes more and more severe, the elasticity of the auxiliary spring becomes worse and worse. This is one of the important reasons why the vibration reduction effect of high-speed trains is not as good as it was at the beginning after a certain number of years of use.

[0012] 2. In the absence of air, the lower part of the hanging airbag will interfere with other components on the bogie, affecting the safe operation of the vehicle.

[0013] The patent document with application number CN202211095028.9, entitled "An Auxiliary Spring for Compensating for Height Drop Due to Creep of Rubber Body by Mechanical Transmission", is a technical solution proposed by the applicant to solve the above-mentioned problems by using mechanical transmission. This application attempts to solve the above-mentioned problems by using pneumatic or hydraulic methods that are more conducive to implementation. Summary of the Invention

[0014] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: how to resist the creep of the auxiliary spring and compensate for the drop in height due to creep.

[0015] To address the above problems, the technical solution proposed by this invention is as follows:

[0016] A method for resisting creep of an auxiliary spring and compensating for height loss due to creep involves using a mandrel as a base to establish pneumatic auxiliary support for the auxiliary spring. During application, this support shares the load and load impact on the auxiliary spring, and when the auxiliary spring creeps and loses height, it is filled with gas to increase its height and compensate for the loss.

[0017] Furthermore, the space between the support plate and the mandrel is sealed to form an outer cavity, and a sealed inner cavity is set inside the mandrel to connect the outer cavity and the inner cavity. The outer cavity and the inner cavity are then pressurized to a set pressure value.

[0018] Furthermore, a straight pipe is provided with its upper end connected to the bottom of the outer cavity and its lower end directly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity, so that the bottom of the outer cavity, the bottom of the inner cavity, and the straight pipe contain liquid. The upper and lower ends of the straight pipe are always below the liquid surface at the bottom of the outer cavity and the bottom of the inner cavity, respectively, forming an outer pressure space above the liquid surface of the outer cavity and an inner pressure space above the liquid surface of the inner cavity, both with a set pressure. When subjected to load impact, the outer pressure space acts as a support plate to make a first compression response, and the inner pressure space makes a second compression response.

[0019] Furthermore, a filling tube for injecting gas and liquid is provided, with one end located in the internal pressure space and the other end extending out of the internal cavity.

[0020] Furthermore, the process of forming an external pressure space above the liquid level in the external cavity and an internal pressure space above the liquid level in the internal cavity, both with a set pressure, includes the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: A set amount of liquid is injected into the cavity inside the core through the injection tube. The lower end of the straight tube is submerged and blocked by the added liquid. The pressure of the liquid in the cavity inside the core, which is higher than the lower end of the straight tube, makes the air pressure in the straight tube and the cavity outside the core higher than the normal pressure.

[0022] The second step is to inject gas into the cavity inside the core through the injection tube, so that the pressure in the gas pressure space inside the core increases continuously. The liquid injected into the cavity inside the core is then continuously forced into the cavity outside the core through the straight tube, so that the pressure in the gas pressure space outside the core and the gas pressure space inside the core increases continuously until it meets the set requirements.

[0023] Step 3: Seal the filling pipe.

[0024] Furthermore, the inner cavity is extended into the base of the air spring seat below the mandrel to form an extended cavity, so that the bottom of the inner cavity is located in the extended cavity.

[0025] Furthermore, the liquid level in the core cavity is located within the extended cavity, and a liquid level observation window is provided on the side wall of the extended cavity.

[0026] Furthermore, a damping head is installed at the upper end of the straight pipe, and several damping holes are set on the damping head. The outer end of the damping hole is connected to the outer cavity of the core, and the inner end is connected to the straight pipe. When the auxiliary spring encounters an impact load, the liquid flows between the outer cavity of the core and the straight pipe to implement damping and vibration reduction.

[0027] Furthermore, the damping head is set to a cylindrical shape, and the damping hole is set along the outer periphery of the damping head.

[0028] Furthermore, the filling pipe (5) is extended outward and a pressure gauge and a filling nozzle are connected to it. Beneficial effects

[0029] 1. It can slow down the creep process of the auxiliary spring and compensate for the height increase after the auxiliary spring creeps. Throughout the entire life cycle of the air spring, the rubber air bladder does not need to be inflated and pressurized to compensate for the height drop of the auxiliary spring, thus enabling the entire air spring to always maintain its ideal original stiffness.

[0030] 2. It can give the auxiliary spring better damping and vibration reduction performance.

[0031] 3. It can prevent the lower part of the hanging airbag from interfering with other components on the bogie when the air is deflated, thus affecting the safe operation of the vehicle. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the entire air spring in Example 1, showing the structural relationship between the inner cavity and outer cavity designed according to this method within the auxiliary spring;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing the structural relationship between the damping head and the straight pipe described in Embodiment 1;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the impedance-assisted spring creep method as described in Example 1.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the core pressure space before pressurization during the liquid and gas filling process as described in Example 1;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the impedance-assisted spring creep method as described in Example 2;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the core pressure space before pressurization during the process of adding liquid and gas according to the method described in Example 1.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Auxiliary spring; 101. Mandrel; 102. Support plate; 2. Core cavity; 201. Core air pressure space; 2011. Expanded cavity; 3. Core cavity; 301. Core air pressure space; 4. Straight tube; 5. Filling tube; 6. Liquid; 7. Damping head; 701. Damping orifice; 8. Base; 9. Liquid level observation window; 10. Rubber airbag; Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings: Example 1

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 4, a method for resisting the creep of an auxiliary spring and compensating for the height reduction due to creep involves using a mandrel 101 as a base to establish a pneumatic auxiliary support for the auxiliary spring 1. During application, this support shares the load and load impact with the auxiliary spring 1, thereby slowing down the creep process. When the auxiliary spring 1 creeps and reduces its height, gas is injected to compensate for the height reduction caused by creep. In this way, it is not necessary to inflate and pressurize the rubber air bladder 10 to compensate for the height reduction of the auxiliary spring 1 due to creep, thus maintaining the original ideal stiffness of the entire air spring at all times.

[0041] The space between the support plate 102 and the mandrel 101 is sealed to form an outer cavity 3. A sealed inner cavity 2 is set inside the mandrel 101 so that the outer cavity 3 and the inner cavity 2 are connected. The outer cavity 3 and the inner cavity 2 are inflated and pressurized to a set pressure value.

[0042] A straight pipe 4 is provided, with its upper end connected to the bottom of the outer cavity 3 and its lower end directly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity 2. This ensures that the bottom of the outer cavity 3, the bottom of the inner cavity 2, and the straight pipe 4 contain liquid 6. The upper and lower ports of the straight pipe 4 are always below the liquid surface at the bottom of the outer cavity 3 and the bottom of the inner cavity 2, respectively. This forms an outer pressure space 301 above the liquid surface of the outer cavity 3 and an inner pressure space 201 above the liquid surface of the inner cavity 2, both with a set pressure. When subjected to load impact, the outer pressure space 301 acts as a support plate 102, generating a first compression response, and the inner pressure space 201 generates a second compression response. In this way, both the outer pressure space 301 and the inner pressure space 201 have a certain amount of elastic compression, which makes the support plate 102 have an ideal lifting stroke under the action of elastic force, enabling the support plate 102 to make a timely and continuous compression response. At the same time, the added liquid forms a "liquid piston" in the straight pipe 4. The added liquid will flow when it encounters impact load, which can create the necessary conditions for the subsequent design of damping device.

[0043] A filling tube 5 is provided, with one end located in the internal pressure space 201 and the other end extending out of the internal cavity 2, for filling gas and liquid.

[0044] The process of forming an external pressure space 301 above the liquid level in the external cavity 3 and an internal pressure space 201 above the liquid level in the internal cavity 2 includes the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: A set amount of liquid is injected into the inner cavity 2 through the injection tube 5. The lower end of the straight tube 4 is submerged and blocked by the added liquid. The pressure of the liquid in the inner cavity 2, which is higher than the lower end of the straight tube 4, makes the air pressure in the straight tube 4 and the outer cavity 3 higher than the normal pressure.

[0046] The second step is to inject gas into the inner cavity 2 through the injection tube 5, so that the pressure in the inner cavity 201 increases continuously. The liquid injected into the inner cavity 2 is continuously pressed into the outer cavity 3 through the straight tube 4, so that the pressure in the outer cavity 301 and the inner cavity 201 increases continuously to meet the set requirements.

[0047] Step 3: Seal the filling pipe 5.

[0048] A damping head 7 is installed at the upper end of the straight pipe 4. Several damping holes 701 are provided on the damping head 7. The outer end of the damping hole 701 is connected to the outer cavity 3, and the inner end is connected to the straight pipe 4. Damping and vibration reduction are achieved by the flow of liquid between the outer cavity 3 and the straight pipe 4 when the auxiliary spring 1 encounters an impact load. In this way, this method can not only resist the creep of the auxiliary spring, but also give the auxiliary spring 1 better vibration reduction performance.

[0049] Set the damping head 7 to a cylindrical shape, and set the damping hole 701 along the outer periphery of the damping head 7.

[0050] To facilitate a direct understanding of the pressure conditions of the outer pressure space 301 and the inner pressure space 201, and to facilitate gas replenishment and pressurization, the filling pipe 5 is extended outward and fitted with a pressure gauge and a filling nozzle. Example 2

[0051] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown, the difference from the first embodiment is that the inner cavity 2 is extended into the base 8 of the air spring seat below the mandrel 101, forming an extended cavity 2011, so that the bottom of the inner cavity 2 is located within the extended cavity 2011. This further increases the pressure space 201 within the core. Furthermore, the liquid level in the inner cavity 2 is located within the extended cavity 2011, and a liquid level observation window 9 is provided on the side wall of the extended cavity 2011 to facilitate observation of the liquid level height in the inner cavity 2 when pressurization is applied, thereby determining whether the pressurization is appropriate.

[0052] The above embodiments are only used to describe the present invention more clearly, and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of protection covered by the present invention. Any equivalent modifications should be regarded as falling within the scope of protection covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of impedance-assisted spring creep and compensation for height loss due to creep, characterized by, The mandrel (101) serves as the base, providing pneumatic support for the auxiliary spring (1). During application, it shares the load and impact of the auxiliary spring (1), and when the auxiliary spring (1) creeps and decreases in height, it is filled with gas for height compensation. The space between the support plate (102) and the mandrel (101) is sealed to form an outer cavity (3). A sealed inner cavity (2) is set inside the mandrel (101), connecting the outer cavity (3) and the inner cavity (2). The outer cavity (3) and the inner cavity (2) are pressurized with gas to a set pressure value. A straight channel is set with its upper end connected to the bottom of the outer cavity (3) and its lower end directly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity (2). The tube (4) is used to make the bottom of the outer cavity (3) and the bottom of the inner cavity (2) and the tube (4) contain liquid (6), and to ensure that the upper and lower ports of the tube (4) are always below the liquid surface of the bottom of the outer cavity (3) and the bottom of the inner cavity (2), respectively, and to form an outer air pressure space (301) above the liquid surface of the outer cavity (3) and an inner air pressure space (201) above the liquid surface of the inner cavity (2) with a set pressure. When encountering load impact, the outer air pressure space (301) acts as a support plate (102) to make a first compression response, and the inner air pressure space (201) makes a second compression response.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the impedance-assisted spring creep and compensation for height loss due to creep is characterized by, A filling tube (5) for filling gas and liquid is set up with one end of the port located in the gas pressure space (201) inside the core and the other end extending out of the cavity (2) inside the core.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the impedance-assisted spring creep and compensation for height loss due to creep is characterized by, The formation of the outer core pressure space (301) above the liquid level of the outer core cavity (3) and the inner core pressure space (201) above the liquid level of the inner core cavity (2) includes the following steps: Step 1: A set amount of liquid is added to the inner cavity (2) through the filling tube (5). The lower end of the straight tube (4) is submerged and blocked by the added liquid. The pressure of the liquid in the inner cavity (2) is higher than that of the lower end of the straight tube (4), so that the air pressure in the straight tube (4) and the outer cavity (3) is higher than the normal pressure. The second step is to inject gas into the cavity (2) inside the core through the injection tube (5) to continuously increase the pressure in the pressure space (201) inside the core. The liquid injected into the cavity (2) inside the core is continuously pressed into the cavity (3) outside the core through the straight tube (4) so ​​that the pressure in the pressure space (301) outside the core and the pressure space (201) inside the core continuously increases to meet the set requirements. Step 3: Seal the filling tube (5).

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the impedance-assisted spring creep and compensation for height loss due to creep is characterized by, The core cavity (2) is extended into the base (8) of the air spring seat that is connected to the spindle (101) below the spindle (101) to form an extended cavity (2011) of the core cavity (2), so that the bottom of the core cavity (2) is located in the extended cavity (2011).

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the impedance-assisted spring creep and compensation for height loss due to creep is characterized by, The liquid level in the core cavity (2) is located in the extended cavity (2011), and a liquid level observation window (9) is provided on the side wall of the extended cavity (2011).

6. The method for resistive spring creep and compensating for height loss due to creep according to claim 1, characterized in that, A damping head (7) is installed at the upper end of the straight pipe (4). Several damping holes (701) are set on the damping head (7). The outer end of the damping hole (701) is connected to the outer cavity (3) of the core, and the inner end is connected to the straight pipe (4). When the auxiliary spring (1) encounters an impact load, the liquid flows between the outer cavity (3) of the core and the straight pipe (4) to implement damping and vibration reduction.

7. The method for resistive spring creep and compensating for height loss due to creep according to claim 6, characterized in that, The damping head (7) is set to a cylindrical shape, and the damping hole (701) is set along the outer periphery of the damping head (7).

8. The method for resistive spring creep and compensating for height loss due to creep according to claim 2, characterized in that, Extend the filling pipe (5) and connect it to a pressure gauge and a filling nozzle.

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