Turning chip breaking method, device, computer numerical control equipment, numerical control system and medium

Abstract

The turning chip breaking method, device, computer numerical control equipment, numerical control system and medium provided in the embodiments of the present application, the turning chip breaking method comprises: acquiring turning machining parameters, the turning machining parameters at least comprising: the frequency, the amplitude and the type of the chip breaking oscillation of the lathe; determining the size of the total compensation amount of the position of the lathe according to the frequency and the amplitude, and determining the compensation direction of the total compensation amount according to the type; compensating the position of the lathe according to the size of the total compensation amount and the compensation direction of the total compensation amount, to form the target position of the lathe; and controlling the turning machining track according to the target position of the lathe. The turning chip breaking method provided in the embodiments of the present application improves the effect of turning chip breaking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of numerical control, specifically to a turning chip breaking method, apparatus, computer numerical control equipment, numerical control system, and medium. Background Technology

[0002] Turning, or lathe machining, primarily uses a CNC system to control a cutting tool to machine a rotating workpiece. During CNC turning, the chips removed by the cutting tool form spiral loops that wrap around the workpiece surface. Therefore, it is necessary to cut and remove these chips from the workpiece surface; this process is called chip breaking. Against this backdrop, improving the efficiency of chip breaking during turning has become a crucial technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a turning chip breaking method, apparatus, computer numerical control equipment, numerical control system and medium, which can improve the chip breaking effect during turning.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application provide the following technical solutions.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a turning chip-breaking method, including:

[0006] Obtain turning parameters, which include at least the frequency, amplitude, and type of chip breaking oscillations of the lathe;

[0007] The magnitude of the total compensation for the lathe's position is determined based on the frequency and amplitude, and the direction of the total compensation is determined based on the type.

[0008] Based on the magnitude and direction of the total compensation amount, the lathe position is compensated to form the target position of the lathe.

[0009] Control the turning trajectory according to the target position of the lathe.

[0010] Optionally, the magnitude of the total compensation is updated based on a time period, and when the spindle speed of the lathe is constant, the relationship between the magnitude of the total compensation and time is a sine square function.

[0011] Optionally, determining the total compensation amount for the lathe's position based on the frequency and amplitude includes:

[0012] Based on the frequency, amplitude, and current time, determine the magnitude of the total compensation for the lathe's position at the current time.

[0013] Optionally, determining the magnitude of the total compensation amount for the lathe's position at the current time based on the frequency, amplitude, and current time includes:

[0014] According to the formula C=A×(sin(π×B×t))2, determine the magnitude of the total compensation amount for the lathe's position in the current time period:

[0015] Where C is the magnitude of the total compensation, A is the amplitude, B is the frequency, and t is the current time.

[0016] Optionally, the frequency of the chip-breaking oscillation of the lathe is the number of chip-breaking oscillations per revolution of the lathe spindle; the amplitude corresponds to the maximum value of the total compensation of the lathe position; and the type is associated with the running direction of the turning machining trajectory.

[0017] Optionally, the type includes vertical oscillation or horizontal oscillation.

[0018] Optionally, determining the compensation direction of the total compensation amount based on the type includes:

[0019] If the oscillation type is vertical oscillation, the compensation direction of the total compensation amount is perpendicular to the running direction of the turning trajectory;

[0020] If the oscillation type is horizontal oscillation, the compensation direction of the total compensation amount is the same as the running direction of the turning machining trajectory.

[0021] Optionally, the lathe's position includes its position on multiple coordinate axes; the step of compensating the lathe's position based on the magnitude and direction of the total compensation to form the lathe's target position includes:

[0022] Based on the magnitude and direction of the total compensation, determine the components of the lathe on each coordinate axis;

[0023] The components of the lathe on each coordinate axis are superimposed on the running position of the corresponding coordinate axis to form the target position of each coordinate axis of the lathe.

[0024] Optionally, determining the components of the lathe on each coordinate axis based on the magnitude and direction of the total compensation includes:

[0025] Based on the magnitude of the total compensation, determine the magnitude of the components corresponding to each coordinate axis;

[0026] Based on the compensation direction of the total compensation amount, the component directions corresponding to each coordinate axis of the lathe are determined. The magnitude and direction of the component corresponding to each coordinate axis of the lathe form the component of the lathe corresponding to each coordinate axis.

[0027] Optionally, the step of superimposing the components of the lathe on the corresponding coordinate axes onto the running position of the corresponding coordinate axes to form the target position of the lathe on each coordinate axis includes:

[0028] The components corresponding to each coordinate axis are written into the compensation amount of each coordinate axis position of the lathe, and superimposed on the running position of each coordinate axis of the lathe to form the target position of each coordinate axis of the lathe.

[0029] Optionally, the plurality of coordinate axes includes a first coordinate axis and a second coordinate axis; the first coordinate axis is the X-axis of the lathe, and the second coordinate axis is the Z-axis of the lathe.

[0030] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a turning chip-breaking device, comprising:

[0031] The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire turning machining parameters, which include at least the frequency, amplitude, and type of chip breaking oscillation of the lathe.

[0032] The total compensation amount determination module is used to determine the magnitude of the total compensation amount for the lathe's position based on the frequency and amplitude, and to determine the compensation direction of the total compensation amount based on the type.

[0033] The compensation module is used to compensate the position of the lathe according to the magnitude and direction of the total compensation amount, so as to form the target position of the lathe.

[0034] The control module is used to control the turning trajectory according to the target position of the lathe.

[0035] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer numerical control (CNC) device, including at least one processor and at least one memory, wherein the memory stores one or more computer-executable instructions, and the processor invokes the one or more computer-executable instructions to execute the aforementioned turning chip-breaking method.

[0036] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a numerical control system, including a computer numerical control device and a spindle disposed on a CNC lathe, wherein the computer numerical control device is as described above.

[0037] Fifthly, embodiments of this application also provide a storage medium that stores one or more computer-executable instructions, which, when executed, implement the aforementioned turning chip-breaking method.

[0038] The chip-breaking method for turning provided in this application includes: acquiring turning machining parameters, the turning machining parameters including at least: the frequency, amplitude, and type of chip-breaking oscillation of the lathe; determining the magnitude of the total compensation amount for the lathe position based on the frequency and amplitude, and determining the compensation direction of the total compensation amount based on the type; compensating the lathe position based on the magnitude and compensation direction of the total compensation amount to form a target position for the lathe; and controlling the turning machining trajectory based on the target position of the lathe.

[0039] As can be seen, the chip-breaking method for turning provided in this application can add parameters of frequency, amplitude, and type to the turning machining parameters. This allows for the determination of the total compensation amount for the lathe position based on the frequency and amplitude, and the determination of the compensation direction based on the type. Furthermore, the lathe position can be compensated according to the determined total compensation amount and direction to form the lathe's target position. Based on this target position, the turning machining trajectory can be controlled. Since the turning machining trajectory is formed based on the lathe's target position, and the target position is formed after compensation based on the total compensation amount, the effect of the machining trajectory is produced by the compensation amount. Therefore, it does not affect the running time of the turning machining trajectory and does not adversely affect machining efficiency. Moreover, by adjusting the turning machining parameters, it can adapt to different types of turning workpieces and increase the probability of chips directly detaching from the workpiece surface. Therefore, the chip-breaking method for turning provided in this application can improve the chip-breaking effect. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the CNC machine tool provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of the chip-breaking method for turning provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the relationship between total compensation and time in the chip-breaking method for turning provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a turning process provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 5This is another turning process schematic diagram provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the coordinate axes of the lathe position provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the superposition of compensation amounts in the turning chip breaking method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the turning chip-breaking device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0050] Numerical control system (NC) is short for numerical control system. It is a dedicated computer system equipped with interface circuits and servo drive devices, capable of executing some or all numerical control functions based on control programs stored in the computer's memory. NC systems primarily use digital instructions composed of numbers, text, and symbols to control the movements of one or more mechanical devices (such as machine tools). They offer advantages such as high precision, high repeatability, high efficiency, and a high degree of automation, making them widely used in machine tool manufacturing. To facilitate understanding, the following section uses a CNC machine tool as an example to introduce NC systems.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a CNC machine tool, with reference to... Figure 1 As shown, a CNC machine tool may include a CNC system 1 and a machine tool 2. The CNC system 1 is the core of the entire CNC machine tool, responsible for managing and controlling the operation and machining process of the entire machine tool. The machine tool 2 is the equipment that actually performs the machining tasks, realizing spindle rotation and feed motion through various drive devices and mechanisms. The coordinated operation of the spindle rotation and feed motion can achieve different machining task requirements.

[0052] Further integration Figure 1As shown, the CNC system 1 may include: an operation panel 3, input / output devices 4, a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) 5, a computer numerical control device 6, a spindle servo unit 7, a spindle drive device 8, machine tool I / O (Input / Output) circuits and devices 9, a feed servo unit 10, a feed drive device 11, and a measuring device 12.

[0053] The operation panel 3 serves as the interface for user interaction and input with the CNC system 1. Input / output devices 4 are primarily used for data input and output with the computer numerical control (CNC) equipment. The PLC 5 executes specific logic control algorithms and programs, mainly controlling the logical operation and specific functions of the machine tool 2. The CNC equipment 6, a control system composed of a computer and CNC software, is the core device of the entire CNC system 1. It is mainly responsible for interpreting and executing CNC instructions, precisely controlling the machine tool 2 by controlling and adjusting the spindle servo unit 7, feed servo unit 10, and measuring device 12. The spindle servo unit 7 and spindle drive device 8 control the rotational movement of the spindle. The machine tool I / O circuits and devices 9 connect the input / output signals of the PLC 5 and the machine tool 2, enabling effective data exchange between the PLC 5 and the machine tool 2, as well as the automated control and remote monitoring of the machine tool 2 by the CNC system 1. The feed servo unit 10 and feed drive device 11 control the movement of the workpiece or tool to achieve the feed motion of the machine tool. The measuring device 12 is used to monitor and provide feedback on parameters such as position and dimensions during the machining process in real time. Through the coordinated operation of these devices, the machining process of the machine tool can be executed precisely and controllably.

[0054] Further integration Figure 1 As shown, machine tool 2 may include: a main motion mechanism 13, a feed transmission mechanism 14, and an auxiliary control mechanism 15. The main motion mechanism 13 is used to control the overall motion of the machine tool. The feed transmission mechanism 14 is used to transmit the feed motion to the machine tool table or the cutting tool used in the machining process. The auxiliary control mechanism 15 is used to assist in operation and control, and is generally used to improve the accuracy, safety, and efficiency of the machine tool, as well as to facilitate the operator's use.

[0055] In the field of metal cutting, CNC lathes can be used for turning, such as for turning rotating parts. However, because the machine tool spindle continuously drives the workpiece to rotate at high speed during turning, if the entangled chips are not removed in time, they may damage the workpiece or cutting tool, or even pose safety risks and affect normal production and processing. Therefore, how to cut off and remove metal chips from the workpiece surface is one of the problems that need to be solved in the practical application of turning technology.

[0056] One way to achieve chip breaking in turning is to design special chip-breaking structures (such as chip breaker grooves in the tool, additional chip-breaking devices, etc.) to achieve chip breaking in turning. However, the above methods are often applicable to a narrow range, and the actual chip-breaking effect cannot be guaranteed, making it difficult to promote them comprehensively.

[0057] As CNC machine tools become increasingly intelligent, another way to achieve chip breaking in turning is to consider using special motion control methods within the CNC system to achieve chip breaking, or to reduce the probability of forming long chips during the turning process. For example, the CNC system can provide chip breaking functionality for rough turning operations.

[0058] One way to implement the chip-breaking function described above is to execute a fixed loop (a process subroutine in a CNC system used to execute a specific comprehensive machining process, hereinafter referred to as a loop) for turning the workpiece. If the user needs to enable the chip-breaking function, the corresponding parameters are passed into the loop, which may include a fixed cutting length and a fixed pause time. When the loop is executed, the roughing path of the turning process will pause briefly for a fixed time at fixed cutting length intervals. During the pause, the cutting action breaks off and leaves the workpiece surface.

[0059] Another way to implement the chip-breaking function described above is to retract a certain cutting distance at fixed intervals. This retraction distance can be less than the fixed cutting distance, thus achieving the chip-breaking function. For example, after the CNC system executes a loop, the user selects and sets the dwell time for chip breaking and the displacement length for each chip breaking operation. This allows for pauses at intervals in the roughing cutting path. The loop method mainly sets two parameters: DT (Dwell Time) and DAM (Displacement and Motion Length). DT refers to the dwell time for chip breaking during roughing; DAM refers to the displacement length, which is interrupted each time chip breaking occurs during roughing. The maximum stroke is defined in the DAM parameter. If chip breaking is required after this stroke, the dwell time at each tool path interruption point can be defined in the DT parameter. Using these two parameters, each roughing tool path can be interrupted after a specific stroke to achieve chip breaking.

[0060] While the above-mentioned methods can achieve chip breaking in turning, the pauses or retractions required for chip breaking will extend the machining time, thus affecting machining efficiency. Furthermore, this method has limited adjustability and may not be suitable for all types and materials of workpieces.

[0061] In view of this, the present application provides a turning chip breaking method that can not affect the machining efficiency and can be adapted to different types of turning workpieces, increasing the probability that the chips directly detach from the workpiece surface, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the turning chip breaking effect. Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a turning chip-breaking method provided in an embodiment of this application. This method can be applied to a CNC system, for example, executed by a computer numerical control (CNC) device within the CNC system. (Refer to...) Figure 2 The chip-breaking method for turning may include the following steps.

[0062] Step S201: Obtain turning machining parameters, which include at least the frequency, amplitude, and type of chip breaking oscillation of the lathe.

[0063] The turning parameters are selected and input by the user on the operation panel according to the actual situation. In this embodiment, the turning parameters may include at least the frequency, amplitude, and type of the lathe's chip-breaking oscillation; for example, the user can select and input the frequency, amplitude, and type of the lathe's chip-breaking oscillation on the operation panel according to the actual machining situation.

[0064] The chip-breaking oscillation frequency on a lathe refers to the number of reciprocating chip-breaking oscillations completed within one revolution of the lathe spindle. For example, the chip-breaking oscillation frequency on a lathe is the number of chip oscillations per spindle revolution. If the chip-breaking oscillation frequency is too low or unstable, it will affect the further breaking and decomposition of chip fragments, leading to increased workpiece surface roughness and decreased machining accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to set the lathe's chip-breaking oscillation frequency appropriately. It should be noted that in CNC machine tools, the lathe spindle drives the workpiece being machined to rotate.

[0065] The amplitude of chip breaking oscillation on a lathe refers to the maximum distance a chip deviates from its equilibrium position during oscillation. Excessive amplitude of chip breaking oscillation may lead to decreased machining accuracy and increased load and energy consumption on machining equipment (such as a lathe); conversely, insufficient amplitude may result in reduced chip breaking efficiency, prolonged machining time, and decreased machining accuracy, thus affecting machining quality. Therefore, it is necessary to set the amplitude of chip breaking oscillation on the lathe appropriately.

[0066] The type of chip-breaking oscillation on a lathe indicates the form of the oscillation. Different types of oscillation may have different effects on the workpiece, so it is necessary to set the oscillation type appropriately. In one example, the oscillation type can be divided into vertical oscillation and horizontal oscillation.

[0067] Step S202: Determine the magnitude of the total compensation amount for the lathe position based on the frequency and amplitude, and determine the compensation direction of the total compensation amount based on the type.

[0068] In this embodiment, the frequency, amplitude, and type of chip breaking oscillation of the lathe are configured in the turning machining parameters. This is mainly used to determine the total compensation amount of the lathe's position. The total compensation amount of the lathe's position is used to compensate the position of the lathe in each unit of time to form the target position of the lathe, thereby controlling the machining trajectory.

[0069] In an optional implementation, the total position compensation of the lathe can be formed by the magnitude and direction of the total compensation. The magnitude of the total compensation can be determined by the frequency and amplitude of the turning parameters, and the direction of the total compensation can be determined by the type of the turning parameters. In other words, the computer numerical control (CNC) equipment can determine the magnitude of the total position compensation of the lathe based on the frequency and amplitude of the lathe's chip-breaking oscillations, and determine the direction of the total position compensation based on the type of the chip-breaking oscillations.

[0070] In an optional implementation, the total compensation amount for the lathe's position can be updated based on a time period. The time period refers to the time interval from the starting point to the next identical state for the total compensation amount. In one implementation example, this embodiment can update the total compensation amount for the lathe's position at the current time, such as the time within the current clock cycle.

[0071] In the process of updating the total compensation amount based on a time period, as an optional implementation, the computer numerical control equipment can determine the total compensation amount of the lathe's position at the current time based on the frequency, amplitude, and current time, thereby achieving the update of the total compensation amount based on a time period. In this optional implementation, the total compensation amount can first increase from zero to a maximum value within one clock cycle, and then gradually decrease back to zero.

[0072] In some implementation examples, the computer numerical control equipment in the CNC system can execute a pre-set logic control algorithm and program based on the acquired frequency and amplitude parameters, thereby calculating the total compensation amount of the lathe's position.

[0073] In some embodiments, during the process of updating the total compensation amount based on a time period, if the spindle speed is constant, the magnitude of the total compensation amount can have a sinusoidal-square function relationship with time. That is, when the spindle speed is constant, the magnitude of the total compensation amount is related to time as a sinusoidal-square function. Figure 3 An exemplary diagram showing the relationship between the total compensation amount and time can be used for reference.

[0074] Furthermore, when the spindle speed is constant, the magnitude of the total compensation amount as a function of the square of the sinusoid of time can be expressed by the following formula: C = A × (sin(π × B × t))², where C is the magnitude of the total compensation amount, A is the amplitude, B is the frequency, and t is the current time. Therefore, even when the current time changes dynamically, this embodiment of the application can determine the magnitude of the total compensation amount for the lathe's position at the current time based on the above formula.

[0075] In an optional implementation, to reasonably set the amplitude of the chip breaking oscillation of the lathe, the embodiments of this application can set the amplitude to correspond to the maximum value of the total compensation amount of the lathe position; for example, the embodiments of this application can predefine the maximum value of the total compensation amount of the lathe position, that is, the total compensation amount of the lathe position can predefine the maximum limit value, and set the amplitude of the chip breaking oscillation of the lathe to correspond to the maximum value of the total compensation amount of the lathe position.

[0076] This application embodiment can determine the compensation direction of the total compensation amount based on the type of chip breaking oscillation of the lathe. In an optional implementation, since the total compensation amount compensates for the position of the lathe, thereby achieving precise control of the turning trajectory, this application embodiment can set the type of chip breaking oscillation of the lathe to be associated with the running direction of the turning trajectory, so that the compensation direction of the total compensation amount determined based on the type can be associated with the running direction of the turning trajectory.

[0077] In optional implementations, the chip-breaking oscillation of a lathe can be either vertical or horizontal. Vertical oscillation refers to the process of an object periodically vibrating up and down or reciprocating in the vertical direction, while horizontal oscillation refers to the process of an object periodically swinging or vibrating back and forth in the horizontal direction. In other words, the type of chip-breaking oscillation of a lathe can be selected as either vertical or horizontal, depending on the type of workpiece.

[0078] Optionally, if the lathe's chip-breaking oscillation is of the vertical oscillation type, then the embodiments of this application can determine that the compensation direction of the total compensation amount is perpendicular to the running direction of the machining trajectory. For ease of understanding, the cutting path under vertical oscillation conditions... Figure 4 An exemplary schematic diagram of a turning process provided in an embodiment of this application is shown, with reference to... Figure 4 During the turning process, the chuck 16 is used to clamp the workpiece 17 to ensure its stability and positional accuracy. When the lathe's chip-breaking oscillation is vertical, the compensation direction of the total compensation is perpendicular to the direction of the machining path, so the direction of the lathe's position change is perpendicular to the direction of the machining path. At this time, the lathe spindle drives the rotating workpiece to perform periodic up-and-down vibrations in the vertical direction, so the cutting path 18 of the tool cutting the workpiece is as follows: Figure 4As shown, it resembles a sine function curve, and its direction is always perpendicular to the workpiece surface.

[0079] If the chip-breaking oscillation of the lathe is a horizontal oscillation, then the embodiments of this application can determine that the compensation direction of the total compensation amount is the same as the running direction of the machining trajectory. For ease of understanding, the cutting path under horizontal oscillation... Figure 5 An exemplary schematic diagram of another turning process provided in an embodiment of this application is shown, with reference to... Figure 5 During the turning process, the chuck 16 is used to clamp the workpiece 17 to ensure its stability and positional accuracy. When the lathe's chip-breaking oscillation is horizontal, the compensation direction of the total compensation is the same as the direction of the machining trajectory, so the direction of the lathe's position change is the same as the direction of the machining trajectory. At this time, the lathe spindle drives the rotating workpiece to perform periodic vibrations in the horizontal direction, so the cutting path 19 of the tool cutting the workpiece is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the direction is parallel to the workpiece surface.

[0080] Step S203: Based on the magnitude and direction of the total compensation, the position of the lathe is compensated to form the target position of the lathe.

[0081] The purpose of compensating for the lathe's position is to further correct the effects of errors or deviations during the machining process, thereby improving positional accuracy. In this embodiment, the lathe's position is compensated for each unit of time based on the magnitude and direction of the total compensation amount. This compensation correction does not directly affect the original data (e.g., turning parameters) and does not affect the running time of the turning trajectory; therefore, it does not adversely affect machining efficiency.

[0082] In an optional implementation, the lathe's position includes its position along multiple coordinate axes. Optionally, the multiple coordinate axes may include a first coordinate axis and a second coordinate axis. See also the optional example. Figure 6 The diagram shows the coordinate axes of the lathe position; the first coordinate axis is the X-axis, and the second coordinate axis is the Z-axis; the Z-axis is the direction of the spindle axis, and its positive direction is away from the workpiece, while the X-axis is perpendicular to the spindle.

[0083] Optionally, when the lathe's position is divided into positions on multiple coordinate axes, this embodiment of the application can compensate for the lathe's positions on multiple coordinate axes, thereby forming the lathe's target position through the compensated lathe positions on multiple coordinate axes. Based on this, this embodiment of the application can determine the components of the total compensation amount corresponding to the lathe on each coordinate axis (i.e., the compensation components of the lathe on each coordinate axis). In an optional implementation, this embodiment of the application can determine the components of the lathe on each coordinate axis based on the magnitude and compensation direction of the total compensation amount, and superimpose the components of the lathe on each coordinate axis onto the running position of the corresponding coordinate axis to form the target position of the lathe on each coordinate axis.

[0084] In an optional implementation, the component of the lathe corresponding to a coordinate axis can be formed by the magnitude and direction of the component corresponding to that coordinate axis. Therefore, embodiments of this application can determine the magnitude of the total compensation amount corresponding to each coordinate axis based on the magnitude of the total compensation amount; determine the direction of the component corresponding to each coordinate axis based on the compensation direction of the total compensation amount; and further, the magnitude and direction of the component corresponding to each coordinate axis form the lathe's components on each coordinate axis.

[0085] In one implementation example, the magnitudes of the components of the total compensation amount corresponding to the X and Z axes are the projected magnitudes of the total compensation amount on the X and Z axes, respectively. If the compensation direction of the total compensation amount is positive, then the corresponding component directions of the lathe on the X and Z axes are also positive; if the compensation direction of the total compensation amount is negative, then the corresponding component directions of the lathe on the X and Z axes are also negative. The magnitudes and directions of the lathe's components on the X and Z axes constitute the lathe's components on the X and Z axes.

[0086] After obtaining the components of the lathe on each coordinate axis, the embodiments of this application can write the components corresponding to each coordinate axis into the compensation amount of the lathe's coordinate axis position, and superimpose them on the running position of the lathe's coordinate axis to achieve compensation for the lathe's position on each coordinate axis, thereby forming the target position of the lathe's coordinate axis.

[0087] For ease of understanding, Figure 7 An exemplary diagram illustrating the superposition of compensation amounts is shown. For example... Figure 7 As shown, if the lathe's current running position is 20, then the lathe's current running position on the X-axis is 21, and its current running position on the Z-axis is 22. Assuming the compensation amount for the lathe's X-axis position is 23 and the compensation amount for the Z-axis position is 24, then the compensation amounts for the X-axis and Z-axis can be superimposed on their respective current running positions to form the lathe's target positions on each coordinate axis. For example... Figure 7As shown, the compensation amount 23 of the X-axis position is superimposed on the current running position 21 of the X-axis to obtain the target position 25 of the lathe on the X-axis, and the compensation amount 24 of the Z-axis position is superimposed on the current running position 22 of the Z-axis to obtain the target position 26 of the lathe on the Z-axis. The target positions of the lathe on the X-axis and Z-axis respectively constitute the target position 27 of the lathe.

[0088] Step S204: Control the turning trajectory according to the target position of the lathe.

[0089] The target position of the lathe refers to the lathe's running position in the next unit of time, and the machining trajectory refers to the cutting path formed by the tool cutting the workpiece located on the lathe spindle. In this embodiment, the lathe's position is compensated for in each unit of time based on the total compensation amount and direction, thus forming the lathe's target position. The machining trajectory is then controlled based on the lathe's target position.

[0090] In the optional implementation, combined Figure 3 The graph showing the relationship between total compensation and time demonstrates that the total compensation continuously changes over time. After determining the lathe's components on each coordinate axis based on the magnitude and direction of the total compensation, and then superimposing these components onto the corresponding running positions of the coordinate axes to form the target positions for each axis, the total compensation continuously changes over time. Therefore, the lathe's components on each axis also change over time. Consequently, the target positions formed by superimposing these components onto the running positions of the corresponding coordinate axes also change over time. Thus, the lathe's target position, composed of the target positions on each coordinate axis, also changes over time.

[0091] It should be explained that in a CNC system, the computer numerical control (CNC) device sends control signals to the servo unit and drive device, thereby controlling the servo motor to drive different axes to produce linear or rotary motion. In this embodiment, since the target position of the lathe is constantly changing over time, the lathe will form a specific machining trajectory during turning. The final turning trajectory is the turning trajectory that the user inputs in the turning parameters, which is associated with the type of chip-breaking oscillation of the lathe.

[0092] It is understood that under the oscillation effect generated by the turning trajectory associated with the aforementioned type, metal chips will form short fragments and detach directly from the workpiece surface, achieving the function of chip breaking during turning. Furthermore, the oscillation effect in this embodiment is generated by the superposition of compensation amounts at each coordinate axis position of the lathe, and does not affect the running time of the original trajectory, thus not adversely affecting machining efficiency. Therefore, this embodiment can improve the chip breaking effect during turning.

[0093] It should be noted that in the chip-breaking method for turning provided in this application embodiment, the turning parameters are input by the user. Therefore, the user can further adjust the parameters during trial cutting to optimize the chip-breaking effect. This method is also applicable to other commonly used fixed cycles in turning, such as grooving cycles and thread cutting cycles.

[0094] As can be seen, the chip-breaking method for turning provided in this application adds three parameters—frequency, amplitude, and type—of the lathe's chip-breaking oscillation to the turning machining parameters. The total compensation amount for the lathe position is determined based on the frequency and amplitude, and the compensation direction is determined based on the type. The lathe position is compensated according to the determined total compensation amount and direction to form the lathe's target position. The turning machining trajectory is then controlled based on the lathe's target position. Since the turning machining trajectory is formed based on the lathe's target position, and the target position is formed after compensation based on the total compensation amount, the effect of the machining trajectory is produced by the compensation amount. Therefore, it does not affect the original turning machining trajectory's running time and does not adversely affect production efficiency. Furthermore, by adjusting the turning machining parameters, it can adapt to different types of turning workpieces and increase the probability of chips directly detaching from the workpiece surface. Therefore, the chip-breaking method for turning provided in this application can improve the chip-breaking effect.

[0095] The following describes the turning chip-breaking device provided in the embodiments of this application. The turning chip-breaking device described below can be considered as a functional module required by a computer numerical control (CNC) device to implement a turning chip-breaking method provided in the embodiments of this application. The turning chip-breaking device described below can be referred to in conjunction with the solution described above.

[0096] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a turning chip-breaking device provided in an embodiment of this application. This device can be applied to a CNC system, such as a computer numerical control (CNC) device within a CNC system. (Refer to...) Figure 8 The device may include:

[0097] The parameter acquisition module 310 is used to acquire turning parameters, which include at least the frequency, amplitude and type of chip breaking oscillation of the lathe.

[0098] The total compensation amount determination module 320 is used to determine the magnitude of the total compensation amount for the lathe position based on the frequency and amplitude, and to determine the compensation direction of the total compensation amount based on the type.

[0099] The compensation module 330 is used to compensate the position of the lathe according to the magnitude of the total compensation amount and the compensation direction of the total compensation amount, so as to form the target position of the lathe.

[0100] The control module 340 is used to control the turning trajectory according to the target position of the lathe.

[0101] In an optional implementation, the magnitude of the total compensation is updated based on a time period, and when the spindle speed of the lathe is constant, the relationship between the magnitude of the total compensation and time is a sine square function.

[0102] In an optional implementation, the total compensation determination module 320, used to determine the magnitude of the total compensation for the lathe's position based on the frequency and amplitude, includes:

[0103] Based on the frequency, amplitude, and current time, determine the magnitude of the total compensation for the lathe's position at the current time.

[0104] In an optional implementation, the total compensation determination module 320 is used to determine the magnitude of the total compensation for the lathe's position at the current time based on the frequency, amplitude, and current time, including:

[0105] According to the formula C=A×(sin(π×B×t))2, determine the magnitude of the total compensation amount for the lathe's position at the current time:

[0106] Where C is the magnitude of the total compensation, A is the amplitude, B is the frequency, and t is the current time.

[0107] In an optional implementation, the frequency of the chip breaking oscillation of the lathe is the number of chip breaking oscillations per revolution of the lathe spindle, the amplitude corresponds to the maximum value of the total compensation of the lathe position, and the type is associated with the running direction of the turning trajectory.

[0108] In an optional implementation, the type includes vertical oscillation or horizontal oscillation.

[0109] In an optional implementation, the total compensation amount determination module 320, used to determine the compensation direction of the total compensation amount according to the type, includes:

[0110] If the type is vertical oscillation, the compensation direction of the total compensation amount is perpendicular to the running direction of the turning trajectory;

[0111] If the type is horizontal oscillation, the compensation direction of the total compensation amount is the same as the running direction of the turning machining trajectory.

[0112] In an optional implementation, the lathe's position includes its position on multiple coordinate axes. The compensation module 330 is used to compensate the lathe's position based on the magnitude and direction of the total compensation amount, forming the lathe's target position, including:

[0113] Based on the magnitude and direction of the total compensation, determine the components of the lathe on each coordinate axis;

[0114] The components of the lathe on each coordinate axis are superimposed on the running position of the corresponding coordinate axis to form the target position of each coordinate axis of the lathe.

[0115] In an optional implementation, the compensation module 330 is used to determine the components of the lathe on each coordinate axis based on the magnitude and direction of the total compensation amount, including:

[0116] Based on the magnitude of the total compensation amount, the magnitude of the component of the total compensation amount corresponding to each coordinate axis is determined; based on the compensation direction of the total compensation amount, the direction of the component corresponding to each coordinate axis of the lathe is determined, wherein the magnitude and direction of the component corresponding to each coordinate axis of the lathe form the components of the lathe on each coordinate axis.

[0117] In an optional implementation, the compensation module 330 is used to superimpose the components of the lathe on each coordinate axis onto the running position of the corresponding coordinate axis to form the target position of the lathe on each coordinate axis, including:

[0118] The components corresponding to each coordinate axis are written into the compensation amount of each coordinate axis position of the lathe, and superimposed on the running position of each coordinate axis of the lathe to form the target position of each coordinate axis of the lathe.

[0119] In an optional implementation, the plurality of coordinate axes includes a first coordinate axis and a second coordinate axis; the first coordinate axis is the X-axis of the lathe, and the second coordinate axis is the Z-axis of the lathe.

[0120] This application also provides a computer numerical control (CNC) device, including: at least one processor and at least one memory, wherein the memory stores one or more computer-executable instructions, and the processor invokes the one or more computer-executable instructions to execute any of the turning chip-breaking methods described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0121] This application also provides a numerical control system, including: a computer numerical control device and a spindle disposed on a CNC lathe, wherein the computer numerical control device is as described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0122] This application also provides a storage medium, including: the storage medium storing one or more computer-executable instructions, which, when executed, implement the turning chip-breaking method as described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0123] The foregoing descriptions have outlined multiple embodiments of this application. The optional methods described in each embodiment can be combined and cross-referenced without conflict, thereby extending to various possible embodiments. These can all be considered as embodiments disclosed in this application. Although the embodiments of this application are disclosed above, this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A method for chip breaking during turning, characterized in that, include: Obtain turning parameters, which include at least the frequency, amplitude, and type of chip breaking oscillations of the lathe; The magnitude of the total compensation amount for the lathe position is determined based on the frequency and amplitude, and the compensation direction of the total compensation amount is determined based on the type, wherein the magnitude of the total compensation amount is updated based on the time period, and when the spindle speed of the lathe is constant, the relationship between the magnitude of the total compensation amount and time is a sine square function. Based on the magnitude and direction of the total compensation amount, the lathe position is compensated to form the target position of the lathe. Control the turning trajectory according to the target position of the lathe.

2. The turning chip-breaking method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnitude of the total compensation amount for determining the lathe position based on the frequency and amplitude includes: Based on the frequency, amplitude, and current time, determine the magnitude of the total compensation for the lathe's position at the current time.

3. The turning chip-breaking method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining the total compensation amount for the lathe's position at the current time based on the frequency, amplitude, and current time includes: Determine the total compensation amount of the lathe's position at the current time using the formula C=A×(sin(π×B×t))2: Where C is the magnitude of the total compensation, A is the amplitude, B is the frequency, and t is the current time.

4. The turning chip-breaking method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frequency of the chip-breaking oscillation of the lathe is the number of chip-breaking oscillations per revolution of the lathe spindle; the amplitude corresponds to the maximum value of the total compensation of the lathe position; and the type is related to the running direction of the turning machining trajectory.

5. The turning chip-breaking method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The types include vertical oscillations or horizontal oscillations.

6. The turning chip-breaking method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of determining the compensation direction of the total compensation amount based on the type includes: If the type is vertical oscillation, the compensation direction of the total compensation amount is perpendicular to the running direction of the turning trajectory; If the type is horizontal oscillation, the compensation direction of the total compensation amount is the same as the running direction of the turning machining trajectory.

7. The turning chip-breaking method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lathe's position includes its position on multiple coordinate axes; the process of compensating for the lathe's position based on the magnitude and direction of the total compensation to form the lathe's target position includes: Based on the magnitude and direction of the total compensation, determine the components of the lathe on each coordinate axis; The components of the lathe on each coordinate axis are superimposed on the running position of the corresponding coordinate axis to form the target position of each coordinate axis of the lathe.

8. The turning chip-breaking method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of determining the lathe's components on each coordinate axis based on the magnitude and direction of the total compensation includes: Based on the magnitude of the total compensation, determine the magnitude of the components of the total compensation corresponding to each coordinate axis; Based on the compensation direction of the total compensation amount, the component directions corresponding to each coordinate axis of the lathe are determined. The magnitude and direction of the component corresponding to each coordinate axis of the lathe form the components of the lathe on each coordinate axis.

9. The turning chip-breaking method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of superimposing the components of the lathe on the corresponding coordinate axes onto the running position of the corresponding coordinate axes to form the target position of the lathe on each coordinate axis includes: The components corresponding to each coordinate axis are written into the compensation amount of each coordinate axis position of the lathe, and superimposed on the running position of each coordinate axis of the lathe to form the target position of each coordinate axis of the lathe.

10. The turning chip-breaking method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The plurality of coordinate axes includes a first coordinate axis and a second coordinate axis; the first coordinate axis is the X-axis of the lathe, and the second coordinate axis is the Z-axis of the lathe.

11. A turning chip-breaking device, characterized in that, include: The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire turning machining parameters, which include at least the frequency, amplitude, and type of chip breaking oscillation of the lathe. The total compensation amount determination module is used to determine the magnitude of the total compensation amount of the lathe position based on the frequency and amplitude, and to determine the compensation direction of the total compensation amount based on the type, wherein the magnitude of the total compensation amount is updated based on the time period, and when the spindle speed of the lathe is constant, the relationship between the magnitude of the total compensation amount and time is a sine square function. The compensation module is used to compensate the position of the lathe according to the magnitude and direction of the total compensation amount, so as to form the target position of the lathe. The control module is used to control the turning trajectory according to the target position of the lathe.

12. A computer numerical control (CNC) device, characterized in that, include: At least one processor and at least one memory, the memory storing one or more computer-executable instructions, the processor invoking the one or more computer-executable instructions to perform the turning chip-breaking method as described in any one of claims 1-10.

13. A numerical control system, characterized in that, include: A computer numerical control (CNC) device and a spindle installed on a CNC lathe, the CNC device being the computer numerical control device as described in claim 12.

14. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores one or more computer-executable instructions, which, when executed, implement the turning chip-breaking method as described in any one of claims 1-10.

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