A saline-alkali soil conditioner and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a saline-alkali soil conditioner and a preparation method and application thereof.The method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing coal gasification slag and cold-resistant short rod bacteria SDB5 bacterial agent, performing fermentation treatment, performing solid-liquid separation, performing pretreatment on the obtained slag body by using an improved BCR method, and obtaining a first mixture; (2) mixing the first mixture, kitchen waste fermentation product and a compound bacterial agent, performing fermentation treatment, and obtaining a second mixture; and (3) performing coating preparation on the second mixture, and obtaining the saline-alkali soil conditioner.The saline-alkali soil conditioner can effectively improve soil organic matter, salt content, soil metal sodium ion content and soil pH value, significantly improve the microbial ecological structure in the soil of planted crops, influence microbial community abundance, promote microbial balance, improve microecological activity power, improve soil fertility, and has a wide application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil improvement technology, specifically to a soil conditioner for saline-alkali land, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Saline-alkali soil refers to a soil type with excessively high salt content, a high pH value, and a compact structure. This soil type is common in arid and semi-arid regions. Due to poor water evaporation and drainage, salt accumulates in the soil, resulting in high salt concentration and alkaline pH. Saline-alkali soil negatively impacts plant growth and crop yield. High salt concentration inhibits plant water absorption, leading to dehydration and stunted growth. Simultaneously, the alkaline pH affects the survival and activity of soil microorganisms, reducing soil fertility and nutrient supply capacity.

[0003] To improve the quality of saline-alkali soils, numerous soil improvement technologies have been developed. These technologies aim to reduce soil salt concentration, regulate pH, improve soil structure, and enhance soil fertility and water retention capacity. Traditional methods for improving saline-alkali soils include leaching, gypsum application, and organic matter addition. However, these methods have limitations, such as high cost, complex operation, and inconsistent results. In recent years, soil salinization has intensified, severely impacting agricultural production and the ecological environment. Therefore, developing an efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly technology for improving saline-alkali soils is of great significance.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN105777427A (application number: CN201610153692.2) discloses an organic fertilizer mixed with coal gasification slag and its preparation method. This method involves adding coal gasification slag and organic fertilizer fermentation agents to the organic fertilizer for fermentation and mixing. While this utilizes the coal gasification slag from an environmental perspective, turning waste into treasure, the treatment of the slag is insufficient, polluting the soil and disrupting the original soil ecological balance. Furthermore, Chinese patent document CN108464221A (application number: CN201810566236.X) then discloses a method for producing a planting substrate for saline-alkali soil using gasification slag and its preparation. This method replaces the coal gasification slag with expandable ceramsite obtained from the secondary high-temperature treatment of gasification slag and adds municipal sewage sludge and microbial agents. This increases costs and also intensifies the concentration of heavy metals. Moreover, the small amount added has little effect on improving the pH of alkaline soil, and continuous use may cause copper and zinc poisoning in crops.

[0005] In view of this, this invention application is hereby filed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, embodiments of the present invention provide a soil conditioner for saline-alkali land, its preparation method, and its application.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0008] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner for saline-alkali land, the method comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) The coal gasification slag was mixed with the cold-resistant short bacillus SDB5 inoculum and fermented. The heavy metals contained in the coal gasification slag were washed off stepwise by the improved BCR method and the solid and liquid were separated to obtain the first mixture.

[0010] (2) The first mixture, the fermentation product of kitchen waste and the compound microbial agent are mixed and fermented to obtain the second mixture;

[0011] (3) The second mixture is wet-granulated and coated to obtain the saline-alkali soil conditioner.

[0012] The compound microbial agent is selected from at least two of Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus casei G20, Lactobacillus, Halobacter, Halomonas aquamarina, or Beauveria bassiana.

[0013] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the coal gasification slag, the fermentation product of kitchen waste, the cold-resistant short bacillus SDB5 inoculant, and the compound inoculant is 20-30:45-52:0.05-0.5:1-2.

[0014] Furthermore, the compound microbial agent is composed of Bacillus subtilis, Brevibacterium casei G20, Lactobacillus, Halobacterium, Halomonas aquamarina, and Beauveria bassiana in a mass ratio of 3-6:1-2:2-4:1-2:2-4:1-2, wherein the effective viable count of Bacillus subtilis is greater than 200 million / gram, the effective viable count of Brevibacterium casei G20 is greater than 50 million / gram, the effective viable count of Lactobacillus is greater than 100 million / gram, the effective viable count of Halobacterium is greater than 50 million / gram, the effective viable count of Halomonas aquamarina is greater than 50 million / gram, and the effective viable count of Beauveria bassiana is greater than 200 million / gram.

[0015] Furthermore, the pore volume of the gasification slag is 0.24 cm³. 3 / g-0.48cm 3The material has a pore size of 2.72nm-5.68nm, a particle size of 0.3mm-1.5mm, and a moisture content of 30%-60%. The coal gasification slag is the solid waste residue left after incomplete combustion of solid coal in a gasifier at 850-1300℃. The fine slag is then dried and refined using the residual heat from the hot molten slag in the gasifier. Its main components include SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, Fe2O3, and C, and it is rich in silicon, aluminum, and carbon resources, exhibiting a unique microporous structure.

[0016] Furthermore, the fermented food waste product has the following characteristics: organic matter content of 85%-90%, total humic acid of 38%-42%, free humic acid of 35%-40%, water-soluble humic acid of 14%-16%, moisture content of 3%-5%, and pH of 3.5-5.5. The pH of the fermented food waste product is within the range of 3.5-5.5, ensuring that the soil conditioner is acidic. Preferably, this invention uses the fermented food waste product produced by the applicant, and the production process can be referenced in CN101941851A.

[0017] Further, in step (1), the fermentation conditions are: 25℃-45℃, 100 r·min -1 -200r·min -1 Incubate for 16-28 hours;

[0018] In step (2), the fermentation conditions are: 25℃-35℃, 180 r·min -1 -220r·min -1 Culture for 3-6 days.

[0019] Furthermore, the specific process of step (3) is as follows:

[0020] The second mixture is subjected to wet granulation to obtain particles of the second mixture;

[0021] Mix 22-26 parts of fermented food waste products with 2-3 parts of starch slurry with a concentration of 10% to obtain the coating material;

[0022] The coating material and the second mixture particles are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:3, and coated in a tumbler at 40-60°C to obtain a saline-alkali soil conditioner with a particle size of 2.8mm-6.8mm.

[0023] This invention selects fermented food waste products as coating materials to protect the microorganisms in the fermentation products. Firstly, it provides nutrition while preventing the death of microorganisms during transportation or use; secondly, it increases the stability of microorganisms and masks the unpleasant odor of the fermentation products.

[0024] According to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a soil conditioner for saline-alkali land, which is made by the method described in any of the preceding claims.

[0025] According to a third aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the application of the saline-alkali soil conditioner as described above in improving the physicochemical properties of saline-alkali soil and enhancing soil biological activity.

[0026] Furthermore, the amount of the saline-alkali soil conditioner used is 300kg-600kg / mu.

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0028] 1. In the selection of raw materials, this invention selects fine coal gasification slag that still retains residual heat for energy utilization. By utilizing the microporous structure of the coal gasification slag, it promotes the growth of microorganisms and improves the biological activity of the soil. The coal gasification slag itself has good physical properties, such as high porosity, good water retention and aeration, which can improve the physical properties of saline-alkali soil.

[0029] 2. Using kitchen waste as an organic source not only treats waste but also provides organic nutrients to the soil. The fermented kitchen waste product disclosed in document CN101941851A was selected as a cost-effective organic matter. Furthermore, the pH value of this fermented kitchen waste product is between 3.5 and 5.5, making it an ideal raw material for conditioning saline-alkali soils. After fermentation and drying, the conditioning material is easy to store and transport, facilitating application.

[0030] 3. The cold-resistant short bacillus SDB5 inoculant used in this invention has a certain adsorption effect on heavy metals contained in coal gasification slag. At the same time, the cold-resistant short bacillus SDB5 has high salt and alkali resistance and can significantly promote plant growth, making the plant root system well developed, with a significant increase in new lateral roots, and has potassium solubilization effect. Thus, it lays the foundation for the microbial method to improve saline-alkali land, promote plant growth and increase soil available potassium.

[0031] 4. The compound microbial agent used in this invention consists of Bacillus, Lactobacillus casei G20, Lactobacillus, Halobacillus, Haloxylon ammodendron, and Beauveria bassiana. Among them, Bacillus has salt and alkali tolerance, strong extracellular polysaccharide production capacity, reduces soil infiltration capacity, and alleviates water migration capacity; Lactobacillus casei G20 is an endophytic bacterium in the intestine of dung beetles with salt and alkali tolerance characteristics, with a growth pH range of 3.0-9.0. During its growth, it secretes organic acid compounds such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), kynurenic acid, and gluconic acid, which can lower the pH value of the soil environment; Lactobacillus can increase the number of actinomycetes in the soil and reduce the number of pathogenic microorganisms; Halobacillus has high salt tolerance and can decompose organic matter under saline and alkali conditions; Haloxylon ammodendron is an important species for the development and utilization of soil microbial resources and the improvement of saline and alkali land. It has the ability to inhibit the pathogens of banana wilt, tomato early blight, soybean phytosis, and wheat sheath blight, and can also promote the germination rate and root length of wheat seedlings under salt stress. There is also Beauveria bassiana, which controls soil insects in saline-alkali land. The above compound microbial agents are all salt-tolerant and growth-promoting microorganisms. Their secreted extracellular polymers (EPS) can form soil aggregates with soil particles through van der Waals forces and electrostatic attraction, increasing soil permeability and reducing the toxic effects of salt ions and heavy metal cations on crops. In addition, Halobacillus, Halomonas aquamarina and cold-resistant short bacillus SDB5 work together in saline-alkali soil to maximize the reduction of heavy metals.

[0032] 5. The microbial coal gasification slag soil conditioner for saline-alkali land of the present invention can effectively improve the salinity, pH value and soil structure of saline-alkali soil, enhance soil fertility and plant growth, and has broad application prospects. It can be applied in agriculture, horticulture, forestry and other fields, and has important practical value and broad market prospects for improving the soil environment of saline-alkali land in my country, improving soil fertility and increasing crop yield. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 A process flow diagram for preparing the saline-alkali soil conditioner provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of soil microbial community abundance in Examples 5-10 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Cold-resistant short bacillus SDB5 inoculum (CGMCC No. 20136): purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center;

[0038] Bacillus subtilis: provided by the Microbiology Laboratory of Beijing Bowen Hezhong Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0039] Lactobacillus casei G20: Provided by the Synthetic Biology Laboratory, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang University;

[0040] Lactobacillus (ACCC 19955): Purchased from China Agricultural Microbial Culture Collection Center;

[0041] Halobacterium halophilum (ACCC 02805): purchased from China Agricultural Microbial Culture Collection Center;

[0042] *Haloxylon ammodendron* (CICC 24894): purchased from the China Industrial Microbial Culture Collection Center;

[0043] Beauveria bassiana (CCTCCAF 93312): purchased from China Center for Type Culture Collection;

[0044] Food waste fermentation products: purchased from Beijing Jiabowen Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0045] Example

[0046] The experiment was conducted in the Shuangyang area along the coast of Jiangsu Province, with the control group not using the soil conditioner.

[0047] Soil properties tested: The soil is salinized, with poor soil aggregate structure, easy compaction, and poor aeration, making it difficult to grow crops. The soil pH value is 8.66 (see Table 1 for specific soil physicochemical properties).

[0048] Table 1 Soil test data of the test site before the start of the experiment.

[0049] detection indicators Measured values Organic matter (%) 0.84 Salt content (%) 0.447 pH 8.66 Exchangeable sodium (mg / kg) 594

[0050] Analysis of soil testing factors at the experimental site:

[0051] (1) High soil pH: The soil pH in the experimental area was in the range of 8-9;

[0052] (2) Low organic matter content: Organic matter content is in the range of 0.6%-0.1%, which is relatively lacking;

[0053] (3) Slightly saline-alkali: The salt content is between 0.1% and 0.15%, which is considered slightly saline-alkali;

[0054] (4) Imbalance of soil microecology: The types and quantities of beneficial microorganisms in the soil are both low.

[0055] Thirteen plots of land of equal area were set up. Plots 1-10 were treated with the soil conditioner prepared in Examples 1-10 at a rate of 400 kg / mu. Plots 11-13 were treated according to the methods of Comparative Examples 1-3 and planted with rice. After 80 days, the yield of rice in the 13 experimental plots was tested. The test results are shown in the test example results.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner for saline-alkali land, comprising the following steps:

[0058] (1) Preparation of materials: Dry the coal gasification slag at 85℃ for 5 hours, pass it through a 20-mesh sieve, and sterilize it at 121℃ for 2 hours for later use; mix Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus casei G20, Lactobacillus, Halobacillus, Halomonas aquamarina and Beauveria bassiana in a mass ratio of 3:2:2:1:1:1 to obtain a compound microbial agent, wherein the effective viable count of Bacillus subtilis is greater than 200 million / g, the effective viable count of Lactobacillus casei G20 is greater than 50 million / g, the effective viable count of Lactobacillus casei is greater than 100 million / g, the effective viable count of Halobacillus is greater than 50 million / g, the effective viable count of Halomonas aquamarina is greater than 50 million / g, and the effective viable count of Beauveria bassiana is greater than 200 million / g.

[0059] (2) Dilute 0.1 parts of the cold-resistant short bacillus SDB5 inoculum with deionized water 500 times, add it to the fermenter, then add 20 parts of coal gasification slag, mix well, and ferment at 37°C at 180 r·min -1Fermentation was carried out for 24 hours, followed by a modified BCR method to degrade heavy metals in the coal gasification slag through a stepwise elution process: acid-soluble state (adding glacial acetic acid solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, shaking at 30 rpm for 14 hours at 25°C, letting stand for 3 minutes, separating solid and liquid, washing the coal gasification slag three times with deionized water, and eluting in a reducible state); reducible state (adding hydroxylamine hydrochloride solution (NH₂OH·HCl) at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, shaking at 30 rpm for 14 hours at 25°C, letting stand for 3 minutes, separating solid and liquid, washing the coal gasification slag three times with deionized water, and eluting in an oxidizable state); oxidizable state (adding hydrogen peroxide solution (H₂O₂) at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:2, digesting at 85°C for 1 hour, adding ammonium acetate solution to submerge the coal gasification slag, shaking at 30 rpm for 14 hours at 25°C, letting stand for 3 minutes, separating solid and liquid, washing the coal gasification slag three times with deionized water, and eluting in a reducible state). The solid product was the first mixture.

[0060] (3) Crush 45 portions of fermented food waste products through a 20-mesh sieve, and add them to the fermentation tank in proportion with the first mixture and 1 portion of compound microbial agent. Incubate at 28°C and 220 r·min. -1 After 4 days of cultivation, a second mixture was obtained.

[0061] (4) The second mixture is granulated in a disc granulator using a wet granulation process. The specific process is as follows: the wet second mixture obtained in step (3) is directly fed into the disc granulator, tilted at 30°, and rotated at 30 r / min to obtain particles of the second mixture.

[0062] (5) Coating preparation. The specific process is as follows: 23 parts of fermented food waste products are crushed and passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and mixed with 2 parts of 10% starch slurry to form a viscous coating material. The mixture is then passed through a roller at a temperature controlled at 48°C and coated onto the surface of the second mixture particles to form granules. The granules are then dried with a size of 2.8 mm to 6.8 mm.

[0063] (6) Pack in bags and store in a cool, dry place, avoiding direct sunlight and rain.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner for saline-alkali land, comprising the following steps:

[0066] (1) Preparation of materials: Dry the coal gasification slag at 85℃ for 5 hours, pass it through a 20-mesh sieve, and sterilize it at 121℃ for 2 hours for later use; mix Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus casei G20, Lactobacillus, Halobacillus, Halomonas aquamarina and Beauveria bassiana in a mass ratio of 3:2:2:1:1:1 to obtain a compound microbial agent, wherein the effective viable count of Bacillus subtilis is greater than 200 million / g, the effective viable count of Lactobacillus casei G20 is greater than 50 million / g, the effective viable count of Lactobacillus casei is greater than 100 million / g, the effective viable count of Halobacillus is greater than 50 million / g, the effective viable count of Halomonas aquamarina is greater than 50 million / g, and the effective viable count of Beauveria bassiana is greater than 200 million / g.

[0067] (2) Crush 45 portions of fermentation products from kitchen waste through a 20-mesh sieve, and add them to a fermenter in proportion to 20 portions of coal gasification slag and 1 portion of compound microbial agent. Incubate at 28℃ and 220 r·min. -1 After 4 days of cultivation, a second mixture was obtained.

[0068] (3) The second mixture is granulated in a disc granulator using a wet granulation process. The specific process is as follows: the wet second mixture obtained in step (2) is directly fed into the disc granulator, tilted at 30°, and rotated at 30 r / min to obtain particles of the second mixture.

[0069] (4) Coating preparation. The specific process is as follows: 23 parts of fermented food waste products are crushed and passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and mixed with 2 parts of 10% starch slurry to form a viscous coating material. The mixture is then passed through a roller at a temperature controlled at 48°C and coated onto the surface of the second mixture particles to form granules. The granules are then dried with a size of 2.8 mm to 6.8 mm.

[0070] (5) Pack in bags and store in a cool, dry place, avoiding direct sunlight and rain.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner for saline-alkali land, comprising the following steps:

[0073] (1) Preparation: Dry the coal gasification slag at 85℃ for 5 hours, pass it through a 20-mesh sieve, and sterilize it at 121℃ for 2 hours before use.

[0074] (2) Dilute 0.1 parts of the cold-resistant short bacillus SDB5 inoculum with deionized water 500 times, add it to the fermenter, then add 20 parts of coal gasification slag, mix well, and ferment at 37°C at 180 r·min -1Fermentation was carried out for 24 hours, followed by a modified BCR method to degrade heavy metals in the coal gasification slag through a stepwise elution process: acid-soluble state (adding glacial acetic acid solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, shaking at 30 rpm for 14 hours at 25°C, letting stand for 3 minutes, separating solid and liquid, washing the coal gasification slag three times with deionized water, and eluting in a reducible state); reducible state (adding hydroxylamine hydrochloride solution (NH₂OH·HCl) at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, shaking at 30 rpm for 14 hours at 25°C, letting stand for 3 minutes, separating solid and liquid, washing the coal gasification slag three times with deionized water, and eluting in an oxidizable state); oxidizable state (adding hydrogen peroxide solution (H₂O₂) at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:2, digesting at 85°C for 1 hour, adding ammonium acetate solution to submerge the coal gasification slag, shaking at 30 rpm for 14 hours at 25°C, letting stand for 3 minutes, separating solid and liquid, washing the coal gasification slag three times with deionized water, and eluting in a reducible state). The solid product was the first mixture.

[0075] (3) Crush 45 portions of fermented food waste products through a 20-mesh sieve and add them to the first mixture in a proportion to a fermentation tank. Incubate at 28°C and 220 r·min. -1 After 4 days of cultivation, a second mixture was obtained.

[0076] (4) The second mixture is granulated in a disc granulator using a wet granulation process. The specific process is as follows: the wet second mixture obtained in step (3) is directly fed into the disc granulator, tilted at 30°, and rotated at 30 r / min to obtain particles of the second mixture.

[0077] (5) Coating preparation. The specific process is as follows: 23 parts of fermented food waste products are crushed and passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and mixed with 2 parts of 10% starch slurry to form a viscous coating material. The mixture is then passed through a roller at a temperature controlled at 48°C and coated onto the surface of the second mixture particles to form granules. The granules are then dried with a size of 2.8 mm to 6.8 mm.

[0078] (6) Pack in bags and store in a cool, dry place, avoiding direct sunlight and rain.

[0079] Example 4

[0080] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner for saline-alkali land, comprising the following steps:

[0081] (1) Preparation of materials: Dry the coal gasification slag at 85℃ for 5 hours, pass it through a 20-mesh sieve, and sterilize it at 121℃ for 2 hours for later use; mix Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus casei G20, Lactobacillus, Halobacillus, Halomonas aquamarina and Beauveria bassiana in a mass ratio of 3:2:2:1:1:1 to obtain a compound microbial agent, wherein the effective viable count of Bacillus subtilis is greater than 200 million / g, the effective viable count of Lactobacillus casei G20 is greater than 50 million / g, the effective viable count of Lactobacillus casei is greater than 100 million / g, the effective viable count of Halobacillus is greater than 50 million / g, the effective viable count of Halomonas aquamarina is greater than 50 million / g, and the effective viable count of Beauveria bassiana is greater than 200 million / g.

[0082] (2) Dilute 0.1 parts of the cold-resistant short bacillus SDB5 inoculum with deionized water 500 times, add it to the fermenter, then add 20 parts of coal gasification slag, mix well, and ferment at 37°C at 180 r·min -1 Fermentation was carried out for 24 hours, followed by a modified BCR method to degrade heavy metals in the coal gasification slag through a stepwise elution process: acid-soluble state (adding glacial acetic acid solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, shaking at 30 rpm for 14 hours at 25°C, letting stand for 3 minutes, separating solid and liquid, washing the coal gasification slag three times with deionized water, and eluting in a reducible state); reducible state (adding hydroxylamine hydrochloride solution (NH₂OH·HCl) at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, shaking at 30 rpm for 14 hours at 25°C, letting stand for 3 minutes, separating solid and liquid, washing the coal gasification slag three times with deionized water, and eluting in an oxidizable state); oxidizable state (adding hydrogen peroxide solution (H₂O₂) at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:2, digesting at 85°C for 1 hour, adding ammonium acetate solution to submerge the coal gasification slag, shaking at 30 rpm for 14 hours at 25°C, letting stand for 3 minutes, separating solid and liquid, washing the coal gasification slag three times with deionized water, and eluting in a reducible state). The solid product was the first mixture.

[0083] (3) Crush 45 portions of fermented food waste products through a 20-mesh sieve, and add them to the fermentation tank in proportion with the first mixture and 1 portion of compound microbial agent. Incubate at 28°C and 220 r·min. -1 After 4 days of cultivation, a second mixture was obtained.

[0084] (4) The second mixture is granulated in a disc granulator using a wet granulation process. The specific process is as follows: the wet second mixture obtained in step (3) is directly fed into the disc granulator, tilted at 30°, and rotated at 30 r / min to obtain particles of the second mixture.

[0085] (5) Pack in bags and store in a cool, dry place, avoiding direct sunlight and rain.

[0086] Preparation Examples 1-6: Preparation of Compound Microbial Agents

[0087] Preparation Example 1

[0088] In Preparation Example 1, the compound microbial agent comprises the following components by mass fraction: Bacillus subtilis 30%, Lactobacillus casei G20 10%, Lactobacillus 20%, Halobacillus 10%, Halobacillus seawater 20%, and Beauveria bassiana 10%.

[0089] Preparation Example 2

[0090] In Preparation Example 2, the compound microbial agent comprises the following components in the indicated mass fractions: Bacillus subtilis 35%, Lactobacillus 10%, Halobacillus 15%, Halobacillus 25%, and Beauveria bassiana 15%.

[0091] Preparation Example 3

[0092] In Preparation Example 3, the compound microbial agent included the following components by mass fraction: Bacillus subtilis 40%, Lactobacillus casei G20 15%, Halobacillus halophilus 15%, Halobacillus seawater 15%, and Beauveria bassiana 15%.

[0093] Preparation Example 4

[0094] In Preparation Example 4, the compound microbial agent included the following components by mass fraction: Bacillus subtilis 20%, Lactobacillus casei G20 15%, Lactobacillus 30%, Haloxylon ammodendron 25%, and Beauveria bassiana 10%.

[0095] Preparation Example 5

[0096] In Preparation Example 5, the compound microbial agent comprises the following components by mass fraction: Bacillus subtilis 30%, Lactobacillus casei G20 20%, Lactobacillus 20%, Halobacillus 10%, and Beauveria bassiana 20%.

[0097] Preparation Example 6

[0098] In Preparation Example 6, the compound microbial agent comprises the following components by mass fraction: Bacillus subtilis 20%, Lactobacillus casei G20 20%, Lactobacillus 20%, Halobacillus 20%, and Haloxylon ammodendron 20%.

[0099] The component formulations for Preparation Examples 1 to 6 are shown in Table 2 below.

[0100] Table 2. Components of Compound Microbial Agent

[0101] Components Preparation Example 1 Preparation Example 2 Preparation Example 3 Preparation Example 4 Preparation Example 5 Preparation Example 6 Bacillus subtilis 30％ 35％ 40％ 20％ 30％ 20％ Lactobacillus casei G20 10％ 0％ 15％ 15％ 20％ 20％ Lactobacilli 20％ 10％ 0％ 30％ 20％ 20％ halophilic bacteria 10％ 15％ 15％ 0％ 10％ 20％ sea ​​salt monocytogenes 20％ 25％ 15％ 25％ 0％ 20％ Beauveria bassiana 10％ 15％ 15％ 10％ 20％ 0％

[0102] Example 5

[0103] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner for saline-alkali land. The only difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the compound microbial agent used is the same as the compound microbial agent soil conditioner used in Example 1.

[0104] Example 6

[0105] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner for saline-alkali land. The only difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the compound microbial agent used is the same as the compound microbial agent soil conditioner used in Example 2.

[0106] Example 7

[0107] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner for saline-alkali land, which differs from Embodiment 1 only in that...

[0108] The compound microbial agent used was the compound microbial agent soil conditioner prepared in Example 3.

[0109] Example 8

[0110] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner for saline-alkali land. The only difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the compound microbial agent used is the compound microbial agent soil conditioner prepared in Example 4.

[0111] Example 9

[0112] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner for saline-alkali land. The only difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the compound microbial agent used is the compound microbial agent soil conditioner prepared in Example 5.

[0113] Example 10

[0114] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner for saline-alkali land. The only difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the compound microbial agent used is the compound microbial agent soil conditioner prepared in Example 6.

[0115] Comparative Example 1

[0116] This comparative example provides a method for treating saline-alkali soil, in which rice is grown on the original test soil without applying any fertilizer.

[0117] Comparative Example 2

[0118] This comparative example provides a method for treating saline-alkali soil, including the following steps:

[0119] (1) Preparation: Dry the coal gasification slag at 85℃ for 5 hours, pass it through a 20-mesh sieve, and sterilize it at 121℃ for 2 hours before use.

[0120] (2) Mix 20 parts of coal gasification slag and 68 parts of fermentation products from kitchen waste thoroughly;

[0121] (3) Application rate: 400 kg / mu.

[0122] Comparative Example 3

[0123] This comparative example provides a method for treating saline-alkali soil, including the following steps:

[0124] (1) Apply bio-organic fertilizer to the original test soil and plant rice (the preferred bio-organic fertilizer is livestock and poultry manure, etc.);

[0125] (2) Application rate: 400 kg / mu.

[0126] Test Example 1

[0127] Experimental testing

[0128] Testing items and methods:

[0129] Soil pH value: This refers to the concentration of hydrogen ions in the soil solution. Soils with a pH value below 6.5 are acidic; soils with a pH value between 6.5 and 7.5 are neutral; and soils with a pH value above 7.5 are alkaline.

[0130] The pH value of the soil was tested according to NY / T1121.2-2006 "Soil Testing Part 2: Determination of Soil pH";

[0131] Soil organic matter was measured according to NY / T 1121.6-2006 "Soil Testing Part 6: Determination of Soil Organic Matter".

[0132] Soil salinity was measured according to NY / T 1121.16-2006 "Soil Testing Part 16: Determination of Soil Water-Soluble Salt Content".

[0133] The sodium exchange content in soil was measured according to LY / T 1248-1999 "Determination of exchangeable sodium in alkaline soil".

[0134] Application method of saline-alkali soil conditioner: Spread the saline-alkali soil conditioner on the soil surface, with an application rate of 300-600 kg per acre, and then plow.

[0135] Comparative Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3: Soil conditioners for saline-alkali land prepared in these examples:

[0136] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that Example 2 does not use the cold-resistant short bacillus SDB5 inoculum and the modified BCR method for degradation.

[0137] The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that Example 3 does not contain a compound microbial agent.

[0138] The difference between Example 4 and Example 1 is that no coating preparation was performed in Example 4.

[0139] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 is that Comparative Example 2 includes gasification slag and fermentation products of kitchen waste.

[0140] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 1 is that Comparative Example 3 adds bio-organic fertilizer.

[0141] The physicochemical properties of the saline-alkali soil conditioners prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0142] Table 3 Soil Testing Indicators

[0143] Testing items Organic matter (%) Salt content (%) exchangeable sodium mg / kg pH Comparative Example 1 0.87 0.438 586 8.56 Comparative Example 2 1.26 0.265 503 8.38 Comparative Example 3 1.42 0.239 459 8.34 Example 1 1.61 0.147 357 7.89 Example 2 1.56 0.283 489 8.21 Example 3 1.47 0.294 417 8.25 Example 4 1.55 0.189 380 7.93

[0144] The soil conditioners prepared in Examples 1-4 and the rice planted in Comparative Examples 1-3 were statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 4 below.

[0145] Table 4 Crop Measurement Indicators

[0146] Testing items Number of tillers Leaf length (cm) number of grains per ear Yield (kg / mu) Comparative Example 1 7.2 22.6 108 543.86 Comparative Example 2 10.1 25.7 121 582.24 Comparative Example 3 13.3 28.3 126 603.57 Example 1 17.5 31.9 143 640.69 Example 2 15.4 28.5 128 597.21 Example 3 14.6 27.4 122 595.85 Example 4 15.9 29.7 135 633.14

[0147] As shown in Table 3, compared to Examples 2-4, Example 1, being a complete implementation of the invention, showed the best effect in improving organic matter, and the greatest reduction in salinity, exchangeable sodium content, and pH. This indicates that the saline-alkali soil conditioners prepared in Examples 1-4 can effectively improve soil organic matter, salinity, and sodium ion content, reduce soil pH, affect soil physicochemical properties and fertility, and restore soil looseness. As shown in Table 4, compared to the control group in Comparative Example 1, Comparative Examples 2-3 improved the growth traits of planted rice; compared to Examples 2-4, Example 1, being a complete implementation of the invention, showed a higher number of tillers and grains per panicle, a faster growth rate, and the highest yield. This indicates that the saline-alkali soil conditioners prepared in Examples 1-4 can significantly increase the number of tillers and yield of planted crops, promote crop growth rate, and increase crop yield.

[0148] Test Example 2

[0149] Experimental testing

[0150] Testing items and methods:

[0151] The pH value of the soil was tested according to NY / T1121.2-2006 "Soil Testing Part 2: Determination of Soil pH";

[0152] Soil organic matter was measured according to NY / T 1121.6-2006 "Soil Testing Part 6: Determination of Soil Organic Matter".

[0153] Soil salinity was measured according to NY / T 1121.16-2006 "Soil Testing Part 16: Determination of Soil Water-Soluble Salt Content".

[0154] The sodium exchange content in soil was measured according to LY / T 1248-1999 "Determination of exchangeable sodium in alkaline soil".

[0155] Comparative examples 5-10 show the preparation of soil conditioners for saline-alkali land:

[0156] The difference between Example 5 and Example 1 is that the amount of each bacteria in the compound bacteria is different.

[0157] The difference between Example 6 and Example 5 is that the compound bacteria in Example 6 do not contain Lactobacillus casei G20.

[0158] The difference between Example 7 and Example 5 is that the compound bacteria in Example 7 do not contain lactobacillus.

[0159] The difference between Example 8 and Example 5 is that the compound bacteria in Example 8 do not contain halobacillus.

[0160] The difference between Example 9 and Example 5 is that the compound bacteria in Example 9 do not contain *Haloxylon ammodendron*.

[0161] The difference between Example 10 and Example 5 is that Beauveria bassiana was not present in the compound bacteria of Example 10.

[0162] The physicochemical properties of the saline-alkali soil conditioners prepared in Examples 5-10 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 5 below.

[0163] Table 5 Soil Testing Indicators for Examples 5-10

[0164]

[0165]

[0166] As shown in Table 5, compared to Examples 6-10, Example 5, being the complete example of the microbial compound agent of this invention, exhibits the best effect in improving organic matter, and the best reduction in salinity, soil exchangeable sodium content, and pH value. This indicates that the role of microorganisms in the saline-alkali soil conditioners prepared in Examples 5-10 cannot be ignored, as they can effectively improve soil organic matter, salinity, and sodium ion content, and reduce soil pH value.

[0167] Soil microorganisms of the saline-alkali soil conditioners prepared in Examples 5-10 were tested, and the results are shown in the table below. Figure 2 .from Figure 2 The test results show that the saline-alkali soil conditioners prepared in Examples 5-10 can significantly improve the microbial ecological structure in the soil of planted crops, affect the abundance of microbial communities, promote microbial balance, enhance the activity of micro-ecology, and improve soil fertility.

[0168] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a soil conditioner for saline-alkali land, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: (1) The coal gasification slag was mixed with the cold-resistant short bacillus SDB5 inoculum and fermented. The heavy metals contained in the coal gasification slag were washed off stepwise by the improved BCR method and the solid and liquid were separated to obtain the first mixture. (2) The first mixture, the fermentation product of kitchen waste and the compound microbial agent are mixed and fermented to obtain the second mixture; (3) The second mixture is subjected to wet granulation and coating to obtain the saline-alkali soil conditioner. The compound microbial agent is composed of Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus casei G20, Lactobacillus, Halobacillus, Halomonas aquamarina, and Beauveria bassiana in a mass ratio of 3-6:1-2:2-4:1-2:2-4:1-2. The effective viable count of Bacillus subtilis is greater than 200 million / g, the effective viable count of Lactobacillus casei G20 is greater than 50 million / g, the effective viable count of Lactobacillus is greater than 100 million / g, the effective viable count of Halobacillus is greater than 50 million / g, the effective viable count of Halomonas aquamarina is greater than 50 million / g, and the effective viable count of Beauveria bassiana is greater than 200 million / g. The mass ratio of the coal gasification slag, fermentation products of kitchen waste, cold-resistant short bacillus SDB5 inoculant, and compound inoculant is 20-30:45-52:0.05-0.5:1-2.

2. The method for preparing saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pore volume of the gasification slag is 0.24 cm. 3 / g-0.48cm 3 / g, pore size of 2.72nm-5.68nm, particle size of 0.3mm-1.5mm, and water content of 30%-60%.

3. The method for preparing saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fermentation products of the kitchen waste contain 85%-90% organic matter, 38%-42% total humic acid, 35%-40% free humic acid, 14%-16% water-soluble humic acid, 3%-5% moisture, and pH 3.5-5.

5.

4. The method for preparing saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the fermentation conditions are: 25℃-45℃, 100 r·min -1 -200r·min -1 Incubate for 16-28 hours; In step (2), the fermentation conditions are: 25℃-35℃, 180 r·min -1 -220r·min -1 Culture for 3-6 days.

5. The method for preparing saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process of step (3) is as follows: The second mixture is subjected to wet granulation to obtain particles of the second mixture; Mix 22-26 parts of fermented food waste products with 2-3 parts of starch slurry with a concentration of 10% to obtain the coating material; The coating material and the second mixture particles are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:3, and coated in a tumbler at 40-60°C to obtain a saline-alkali soil conditioner with a particle size of 2.8mm-6.8mm.

6. A soil conditioner for saline-alkali land, characterized in that, Made by the method of any one of claims 1-5.

7. The application of the saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 6 in improving the physicochemical properties of saline-alkali soil and enhancing soil biological activity.

8. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that, The dosage of the saline-alkali soil conditioner is 300-600 kg / mu.

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