A detachable torsion type scroll spring type metal damper

Abstract

The application discloses a detachable torsional volute spring type metal damper, which comprises a first sliding guide rod, a second sliding guide rod and a driving gear shaft, the driving gear shaft is connected with a small gear and a large gear which rotate coaxially, the small gear is meshed with the first sliding guide rod and the second sliding guide rod on the two sides respectively, the large gear is meshed with array distributed driven gears, the driven gears are connected with driven gear shafts, the driven gears are symmetrically provided with a first gear ring and a second gear ring at the two ends, the first gear ring is connected with a first volute spring, and the second gear ring is connected with a second volute spring, the torque directions of the first volute spring and the second volute spring are opposite, the first volute spring rotates and shrinks clockwise, and the second volute spring rotates and expands counterclockwise. The damper has good energy dissipation effect, can realize self-resetting and cyclic use, is convenient to disassemble, has strong repairability, and can realize that the damper is prior to the requirement of structure damage through adoption of three-stage gear sets and twice amplification of small displacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention pertains to metal dampers, specifically a detachable torsion-type spiral spring metal damper. Background Technology

[0002] Earthquakes, as a natural disaster, are of great concern to structural engineers due to their extreme destructiveness and unpredictability. To reduce damage to building structures under seismic loads, the development of novel energy dissipation and vibration reduction components has become a research hotspot in the field of earthquake-resistant engineering. Dampers are typically installed in structures to reduce their dynamic response under seismic and wind loads. There are many types of dampers, which can be mainly divided into four categories: metallic dampers, viscoelastic dampers, friction dampers, and viscous dampers.

[0003] Among them, metal dampers have become the preferred equipment for most old building repairs due to their simple mechanical properties, good energy dissipation effect, and low cost. However, most metal dampers have poor repairability. Once the core energy dissipation component is damaged, the entire energy dissipation damper cannot be put back into use. The damaged damper must be replaced to ensure the damper's cyclic use.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent application number 201910628655.6 discloses a detachable friction-bending composite metal damper with 12 rectangular limiting plates and a total of 32 bolt holes. Each time the core energy-consuming component is disassembled and replaced, 4 limiting plates and 16 bolts need to be removed. The core energy-consuming friction plate is also connected by bolts, which need to be loosened each time, making replacement and disassembly cumbersome. Another example is Chinese patent application number 201910571512.6, which discloses a torsional friction plate type metal damper. However, when the friction plate is worn, the entire energy-consuming part needs to be replaced. The energy-consuming part needs to be specially made and cannot amplify small deformations.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to solve the problems of making the replacement of damaged dampers more convenient and ensuring that dampers fail before the structure fails. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a detachable torsion scroll spring type metal damper that has good energy dissipation and shock absorption effect, is easy to disassemble, is easy to repair after damage, and can be reused repeatedly.

[0007] Technical Solution: The present invention discloses a detachable torsional spiral spring type metal damper, comprising a first sliding guide rod, a second sliding guide rod, and a driving gear shaft. The driving gear shaft is connected to a small gear and a large gear that rotate coaxially. The two sides of the small gear are respectively engaged with the first sliding guide rod and the second sliding guide rod. The large gear is engaged with an array of driven gears, and the driven gears are connected to the driven gear shaft. A first gear ring and a second gear ring are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the driven gear. The first gear ring is connected to a first spiral spring, and the second gear ring is connected to a second spiral spring. The torque directions of the first spiral spring and the second spiral spring are opposite.

[0008] Furthermore, the first spiral spring contracts by rotating clockwise, while the second spiral spring expands by rotating clockwise. Under the same driven gear shaft rotation, assuming the first spiral spring contracts, the second spiral spring expands. Thus, the same driven gear shaft experiences two opposing torques from the first and second spiral springs, enabling the spiral springs to self-reset, overcoming the poor repairability of traditional metal dampers. Secondly, the damping capacity of the damper can be adjusted by changing the size and thickness of the spiral springs.

[0009] Furthermore, a first limiting part is provided at the end of the first spiral spring, and a second limiting part is provided at the end of each of the second spiral springs. Both the first and second limiting parts are U-shaped.

[0010] The aforementioned detachable torsion spiral spring type metal damper also includes a protective shell; one end of the first sliding guide rod and the second sliding guide rod extends out of the protective shell, and the other end is provided with a limiting plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the protective shell includes an upper protective shell and a lower protective shell. Connecting lugs extend from both sides of the upper and lower protective shells and are connected by bolts. Both the upper and lower protective shells are provided with a first connecting slot for rotatably connecting to the drive gear shaft, a second connecting slot for rotatably connecting to the driven gear shaft, and a placement slot for accommodating the driven gear. The upper and lower protective shells are also provided with a first locking groove for engaging and fixing the first limiting part, and a second locking groove for engaging and fixing the second limiting part.

[0012] Furthermore, bolt holes for connecting to building structural components are provided at one end of the first sliding guide rod extending out of the protective shell and at one end of the second sliding guide rod extending out of the protective shell.

[0013] Furthermore, both the first and second sliding guide rods are provided with serrations, which mesh with the pinion gear.

[0014] Furthermore, the first gear ring is provided with a slot three that engages with the first limiting part of the first spiral spring, and the second gear ring is provided with a slot four that engages with the second limiting part of the second spiral spring.

[0015] Working principle: The first and second spiral springs contract and expand in opposite directions, causing the spiral springs to buckle and absorb energy. Since forces are reciprocal, the protective shell exerts a counterforce on the spiral springs, causing them to return to their original shape, thus repeating the cycle. The driven gear shaft rotates, causing the spiral springs to repeatedly buckle and deform, achieving energy dissipation and vibration reduction until the spiral springs fatigue and break, at which point they can be disassembled and replaced.

[0016] When subjected to lateral horizontal forces such as earthquakes or wind loads, this damper can amplify minute displacements twice through a three-stage gear set, achieving the requirement that the damper fails before the structure. The displacement is amplified twice through the three-stage gear engagement, where l = θ × r. The driving gear shaft contains two coaxial gears with different radii. When the pinion and gear rotate by the same angle, the radius of the larger gear is greater than that of the pinion; this is the first amplification. The gear face of the larger gear meshes with the gear face of the driven gear. Under the same radius condition, because the radius of the driven gear on the driven gear shaft is smaller than that of the mating larger gear on the driving gear shaft, the angle of rotation of the driven gear shaft is greater than that of the driving gear shaft; this is the second amplification.

[0017] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant features:

[0018] 1. It has good energy consumption effect, can achieve self-resetting and cyclic use, and is easy to disassemble and highly repairable;

[0019] 2. By using a three-stage gear set in conjunction with two amplifications of minute displacements, the requirement that the damper fails before the structure fails can be met.

[0020] 3. The specific dimensions of the spiral spring can be calculated according to the seismic requirements, which can realize the efficient use of the core energy-dissipating components, avoid the energy-dissipating components failing to meet the seismic requirements, and avoid material waste caused by the energy dissipation capacity far exceeding the seismic requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective shell 141 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower protective shell 142 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the engagement of the small gear 4 and the large gear 5 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the first sliding guide rod 1 and the second sliding guide rod 2 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first sliding guide rod 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first spiral spring 10 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second spiral spring 11 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first gear ring 8 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second gear ring 9 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] like Figure 1 The protective housing 14 of the detachable torsion-type spiral spring metal damper includes an upper protective housing 141 and a lower protective housing 142. Connecting lugs 16 extend and are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the upper and lower protective housings 141 and 142. Each connecting lug 16 has three bolt holes, and the upper and lower protective housings 141 and 142 are fixedly connected by matching bolts 17. Grooves are pre-drilled on the protective housing 14 for the movement of the first sliding guide rod 1 and the second sliding guide rod 2.

[0033] like Figures 2-3 The upper protective shell 141 and the lower protective shell 142 are vertically aligned and have one connecting slot 1401, four evenly spaced connecting slots 1402, and four evenly spaced placement slots 1403. Connecting slot 1401 is rotatably connected to the drive gear shaft 3, connecting slot 1402 is rotatably connected to the driven gear shaft 7, and placement slots 1403 are used to place the driven gear 6. The upper protective shell 141 is also provided with a locking groove 1404 for engaging and fixing the first limiting part 12, and the lower protective shell 142 is also provided with a locking groove 1405 for engaging and fixing the second limiting part 13. The positions of locking groove 1404 and locking groove 1405 do not coincide in the projection direction.

[0034] like Figures 4-6The protective shell 14 contains one driving gear shaft 3, one small gear 4, one large gear 5, four driven gears 6, four driven gear shafts 7, four first gear rings 8, four second gear rings 9, four first spiral springs 10, and four second spiral springs 11, capable of generating buckling deformation and dissipating energy through contraction and recovery. The small gear 4 and large gear 5 are coaxially rotatably connected to the driving gear shaft 3, driving them to rotate in the same direction. The two sides of the small gear 4 mesh with the first sliding guide rod 1 and the second sliding guide rod 2, respectively. The large gear 5 meshes with the driven gears 6, which are arranged in a 90-degree circumferential array. The driven gears 6 are coaxially rotatably connected to the driven gear shafts 7, driving them to rotate. The driven gears 6 have symmetrically arranged first gear rings 8 and second gear rings 9 near their upper and lower ends. The first gear rings 8 are connected to the first spiral springs 10, and the second gear rings 9 are connected to the second spiral springs 11. The first spiral spring 10 and the second spiral spring 11 have opposite torque directions, and their spirals extend in opposite directions during manufacturing.

[0035] The small gear 4 has a diameter of 30mm, the large gear 5 has a diameter of 60mm, and the driven gear 6 has a diameter of 30mm. When the first sliding guide rod 1 and the second sliding guide rod 2 drive the small gear 4 to rotate one revolution with an arc length of 94.2mm, the arc length of the large gear 5 is 188.4mm. This is the first time the arc length is magnified by two times. Since the driven gear 6 meshes with the large gear 5, the arc length of the large gear 5's rotation is the same as the arc length of the driven gear 6's rotation, which is 188.4mm. Given that the diameter of the driven gear 6 is 30mm, it can be calculated that when the arc length is 188.4mm, the driven gear 6 has rotated two revolutions.

[0036] The first spiral spring 10 and the second spiral spring 11 are connected through the same driven gear shaft 7. Therefore, when the driven gear shaft 7 rotates, assuming the first spiral spring 10 contracts, the second spiral spring 11 expands. This results in the driven gear shaft 7 experiencing two opposing torques from the first spiral spring 10 and the second spiral spring 11, achieving self-resetting of the spiral springs. By changing the spiral springs of different sizes, the damping capacity of the damper can be adjusted. According to JB / T7366-94, the formula for calculating the limiting torque of the spiral spring is:

[0037]

[0038] Where Ti is the limiting torque of the spiral spring, b is the width of the spiral spring, h is the thickness of the spiral spring, and σ b This represents the tensile strength limit of the spiral spring. The first spiral spring 10 and the second spiral spring 11 are made of GB3530 heat-treated spring steel strip of grade I, II, and III materials, and their specific properties are shown in Table 1 below.

[0039] Table 1. Hardness and strength of materials for the first spiral spring 10 (second spiral spring 11)

[0040]

[0041] In this embodiment, the damper achieves two-stage displacement amplification through a three-stage gear engagement, where l = θ × r, l is the arc length, θ is the rotation angle, and r is the radius. The arc of the large gear 5 is larger than that of the small gear 4; this is the first amplification. The gear surface of the large gear 5 meshes with the gear surface of the driven gear 6. Under the same arc conditions, because the radius of the driven gear 6 on the driven gear shaft 7 is smaller than that of the large gear 5 meshing on the driving gear shaft 3, the rotation angle of the driven gear shaft 7 is larger than that of the driving gear shaft 3; this is the second amplification.

[0042] The "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings" stipulates that for structures with a height not exceeding 40m, where shear deformation is dominant and mass and stiffness are relatively uniformly distributed along the height, the base shear method should be used to calculate their horizontal seismic load. The formula for the base shear method is:

[0043] F EK =α1G eq

[0044] Among them, F EK G represents the standard value of the total horizontal seismic action on the structure, α1 represents the horizontal seismic influence coefficient value of the structure's fundamental natural period (the seismic influence coefficient can be adopted according to the seismic influence coefficient curve based on the intensity, site category, and characteristic period zones and the structure's natural period listed in Appendix A of the "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings"), and G... eq This is the equivalent total gravity load of the structure.

[0045] Since the horizontal seismic force generates torque through the rotation of the pinion 4 via the first sliding guide rod 1 and the second sliding guide rod 2, and given the radius of the pinion 4, the torque generated by the horizontal seismic force can be calculated. According to the torque balance formula, the torque generated by the horizontal seismic force is equal to the total torque of the four spiral springs, thus allowing the calculation of the specific dimensions of the spiral springs.

[0046] like Figure 7 The first sliding guide rod 1 and the second sliding guide rod 2 have identical structures and are arranged symmetrically at the center. One end of the first sliding guide rod 1 extends out of the protective shell 14 and has a bolt hole 18 for connecting to the building structural components; the other end also extends out of the protective shell 14 and has a limiting plate 15 to prevent the end of the first sliding guide rod 1 from moving further into the protective shell 14. One end of the second sliding guide rod 2 also extends out of the protective shell 14 and has a bolt hole 18; the other end also extends out of the protective shell 14 and has a limiting plate 15. Both the first sliding guide rod 1 and the second sliding guide rod 2 are provided with serrations 19 that match the pinion 4.

[0047] like Figure 8 The first spiral spring 10 retracts by rotating clockwise, and the first spiral spring 10 has a U-shaped first limiting part 12 at both ends. The first limiting part 12 at one end of the first spiral spring 10 is engaged with the first gear ring 8, and the first limiting part 12 at the other end is fixedly connected to the slot 1404 of the upper protective shell 141.

[0048] like Figure 9 The second spiral spring 11 is clockwise rotating and diffuses, and both ends of the second spiral spring 11 are provided with U-shaped second limiting parts 13. The second limiting part 13 at one end of the second spiral spring 11 is engaged with the second gear ring 9, and the second limiting part 13 at the other end is fixedly connected to the slot 1405 of the lower protective shell 142.

[0049] like Figure 10 The first gear ring 8 has a slot 801 for engaging with the first limiting part 12 at one end of the first spiral spring 10, and the inner side has serrations that match the driven gear 6.

[0050] like Figure 11 The second gear ring 9 has a slot 901 for engaging with the second limiting part 13 at one end of the second spiral spring 11, and the inner side has serrations that match the driven gear 6.

[0051] The aforementioned structural components only need to be prefabricated in the factory and then assembled at room temperature. The protective shell 14 is connected by only six bolts, and the core energy-consuming component, the spiral spring, is connected to the protective shell 14 through a slot, making disassembly and assembly convenient.

Claims

1. A detachable torsion-type spiral spring metal damper, characterized in that: The device includes a first sliding guide rod (1), a second sliding guide rod (2), and a drive gear shaft (3). The drive gear shaft (3) is connected to a small gear (4) and a large gear (5) that rotate coaxially. The two sides of the small gear (4) are respectively engaged with the first sliding guide rod (1) and the second sliding guide rod (2). The large gear (5) is engaged with an array of driven gears (6). The driven gears (6) are connected to the driven gear shaft (7). The driven gears (6) have a first gear ring (8) and a second gear ring (9) symmetrically arranged at both ends. The first gear ring (8) is connected to a first spiral spring (10), and the second gear ring (9) is connected to a second spiral spring (11). The torque directions of the first spiral spring (10) and the second spiral spring (11) are opposite. The first spiral spring (10) rotates clockwise to contract, and the second spiral spring (11) rotates clockwise to expand.

2. The detachable torsion-type spiral spring metal damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first spiral spring (10) has a first limiting part (12) at its end, and the second spiral spring (11) has a second limiting part (13) at its end.

3. A detachable torsion-type spiral spring metal damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the first limiting part (12) and the second limiting part (13) are U-shaped.

4. A detachable torsion-type spiral spring metal damper according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a protective shell (14); one end of the first sliding guide rod (1) and the second sliding guide rod (2) extends out of the protective shell (14), and the other end is provided with a limiting plate (15).

5. A detachable torsion-type spiral spring metal damper according to claim 4, characterized in that: The protective shell (14) includes an upper protective shell (141) and a lower protective shell (142). Connecting ear plates (16) are provided on both sides of the upper protective shell (141) and the lower protective shell (142). The connecting ear plates (16) are connected by bolts (17).

6. A detachable torsional spiral spring type metal damper according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper protective shell (141) and the lower protective shell (142) are each provided with a first connecting slot (1401) for rotating connection with the drive gear shaft (3), a second connecting slot (1402) for rotating connection with the driven gear shaft (7), and a placement slot (1403) for placing the driven gear (6).

7. A detachable torsion-type spiral spring metal damper according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper protective shell (141) and the lower protective shell (142) are also provided with a first slot (1404) for locking and fixing the first limiting part (12) and a second slot (1405) for locking and fixing the second limiting part (13).

8. A detachable torsion-type spiral spring metal damper according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first sliding guide rod (1) extends out of the protective shell (14) at one end, and the second sliding guide rod (2) extends out of the protective shell (14) at one end, and is provided with bolt holes (18) for connecting with building structural components.

9. A detachable torsion-type spiral spring metal damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first sliding guide rod (1) and the second sliding guide rod (2) are provided with saw teeth (19), which mesh with the pinion (4).

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