Pulling and pressing self-balancing micro combined foundation

Abstract

The application discloses a novel tension-compression self-balanced micro combined foundation, which is characterized in that an anchor rod body is sleeved in a hollow cavity of a steel sleeve, an anchor head at the upper end of the anchor rod body protrudes from the top end of the steel sleeve, a hydraulic jack provides driving force for axial movement of the anchor rod body, an anchor block is a conical body and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the anchor rod body, a root key is arranged in a root key hole and can move along the root key hole, the root key is fixedly connected to a root key seat and is in sliding fit with a guide rail, under the jacking driving force of the hydraulic jack, the anchor rod body drives the anchor block to be lifted upwards, the root key protrudes from the outer periphery of the steel sleeve to form a root type anchor rod, a steel support is arranged at the top of the steel sleeve as a counterforce frame of the hydraulic jack, when the hydraulic jack drives the anchor head to be lifted, the steel support is pressed into a moderately weathered granite layer due to counterforce, and the column foot and the anchor head are fixedly welded to realize tension-compression self-balance. The application has the advantages of simple hole forming, better compression resistance and pullout resistance, stable foundation and suitability for mountainous geological conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the foundation of high-voltage power towers, and more specifically to the foundation of high-voltage power towers used for constructing transmission lines in mountainous geological conditions where large-scale excavation equipment is difficult to access. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of power production and demand, the length of transmission line poles and the length of transmission line loops are constantly increasing.

[0003] The stability and safety of high-voltage power towers in power transmission lines are essential for the efficient delivery of electricity to end users. A significant portion of power transmission projects require traversing mountainous areas. Current technologies typically employ rock-anchor composite foundations and rock-socketed pile foundations for the lower foundations of high-voltage towers built in mountainous regions. However, rock-anchor foundations require burying the pile cap in bedrock. When the overburden layer is thick, rock anchors can lead to excessive excavation and severe terrain damage. Furthermore, traditional rock-anchor foundations rely solely on the frictional resistance between the anchor and the surrounding rock, resulting in limited load-bearing capacity. Rock-socketed pile foundations have specific rock depth requirements. When the bottom is strongly weathered rock or soft rock, their advantages are not fully realized, and they may even experience inversion phenomena exceeding the design dimensions of conventional bored pile foundations. Rock-socketed pile foundations have large pile diameters and shafts, but large excavation equipment is difficult to access in mountainous conditions, increasing construction difficulty. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, this invention provides a novel tension-compression self-balancing micro-combined foundation that is simple to form holes and has little impact on the environment. It is adapted to the geological conditions of mountainous areas to achieve the invention objectives of simple hole formation, minimal damage to the surrounding environment, and good anchoring effect, while realizing mechanical miniaturization and obtaining better compressive and pull-out resistance to ensure the stability of the foundation.

[0005] The novel tension-compression self-balancing micro-combined foundation of this invention is characterized by the following features: a steel sleeve with a hollow cavity, the upper section of which is configured as an anchor rod, and a root key hole radially arranged on the lower section of the sleeve wall; an anchor rod body fitted into the hollow cavity of the steel sleeve, the upper end of which, with an anchor head protruding from the top of the steel sleeve, and a hydraulic jack at the top of the steel sleeve providing hydraulic driving force for the axial movement of the anchor rod body; an anchor block, which is a conical body with a small upper surface and a large lower surface, with a guide rail arranged along the generatrix of the conical body, the guide rail forming a wedge-shaped surface on the conical body; the anchor block being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the anchor rod body; and a root key placed in the root key hole. It can move radially along the root key hole; the root key is fixed to the root key seat, the root key seat is set in the guide rail and slides with the guide rail; under the lifting driving force provided by the hydraulic jack, the anchor rod body drives the anchor block to lift upward, so that the root key seat slides along the guide rail and drives the root key to move radially along the root key hole until the root key protrudes from the outer periphery of the steel sleeve, forming a root anchor rod; a steel support is set at the top of the steel sleeve, and the hydraulic jack uses the steel support as a reaction frame. While the hydraulic jack applies hydraulic driving force to the anchor head to lift the anchor head, the column foot of the steel support is pressed into the moderately weathered granite layer under the reaction force, and the tension and compression self-balance is achieved by fixing and welding the column foot and the anchor head.

[0006] The novel tension-compression self-balancing micro-combination foundation of this invention is also characterized by the fact that multiple sets of root keys are evenly distributed along the circumference.

[0007] The novel tension-compression self-balancing micro-combination foundation of this invention is characterized by the following: multiple root keys are arranged vertically on the same key seat, and the root key holes on the steel sleeve are set one-to-one with the root key seats, or one-to-one with each individual root key.

[0008] The novel tension-compression self-balancing micro-combined foundation of the present invention is also characterized by: a groove around the bottom outer periphery of the anchor block, and the root key seat sliding at the corresponding position is embedded in the groove, so that the anchor block and the root key seat are locked together.

[0009] The novel tension-compression self-balancing micro-combined foundation of the present invention is also characterized in that: at least two anchor blocks are arranged in series vertically, and the lower anchor block is fixedly connected to the upper anchor block with its top surface to form a vertical series connection between the anchor blocks; root key seats, root keys and root key holes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each anchor block to form a series root anchor rod.

[0010] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in:

[0011] 1. The present invention does not require extensive excavation of the overburden layer, thus reducing damage to the surrounding environment;

[0012] 2. In this invention, the root bonds can be arranged reasonably according to different geological environments, and their form is flexible;

[0013] 3. In the foundation of this invention, the root bonds can fully utilize the resistance of the rock mass in terms of structure, greatly improving the bearing capacity of the foundation;

[0014] 4. This invention uses a hydraulic jack to drive the jacking of the root key. It is equipped with anchor blocks in series and the number of blocks in series can be increased or decreased according to the needs of the foundation force, so as to adapt to different types of superfoundations.

[0015] 5. This invention achieves miniaturization of drilling machinery, effectively solving the problem that large equipment cannot reach mountainous areas;

[0016] 6. This invention effectively prevents the anchor bolt from falling and the root key seat from retracting by setting an interlock between the anchor block and the root key seat.

[0017] 7. This invention uses jacks to lift the entire anchor rod and gradually press down the reaction steel support, using a self-balancing method to provide sufficient kinetic energy, so that the tensile and compressive strength of the combined structure can be fully utilized;

[0018] 8. In this invention, the reaction steel support is pressed into the foundation by a jack and fixed relative to the anchor head, which effectively improves the foundation's pull-out and compressive strength. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a specific application of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2a This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the micro-combination foundation of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the micro-combination foundation of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the state before the root bond is pushed into the micro-combination foundation of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the state after the root bond is pushed into the micro-combination foundation of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5a This is a front view of the steel sleeve at the root key location in this invention;

[0025] Figure 5b This is a top view of the steel sleeve at the root key portion of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6a This is a front view of the root key and root key seat in this invention;

[0027] Figure 6b This is a side view of the root key and root key seat in this invention;

[0028] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the fit between the anchor block, the steel sleeve, and the root key in this invention;

[0029] Figure 8a This is a front view of the steel support frame in this invention;

[0030] Figure 8b This is a top view of the steel support frame in this invention;

[0031] The following are labeled in the diagram: 1. Upper anchor head, 2. Steel sleeve, 3. Anchor rod body, 4. Bolt, 5. Key seat, 6. Key, 7. Guide rail, 8. Anchor block, 9. Key hole, 10. Hydraulic jack, 11. Steel bracket, 12. Column foot, 13. Overburden layer, 14. Strongly weathered granite layer, 15. Moderately weathered granite layer. Detailed Implementation

[0032] See Figure 1 , Figure 2a Figure 2b , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the root anchor bolt structure is configured as follows:

[0033] A hollow steel sleeve 2 has an anchor rod at its upper section and a radially arranged keyway hole on the lower section of its cylindrical wall. The steel sleeve 2 forms a protective sleeve for the internal anchor rod body 3 and other components, ensuring a robust and reliable anchor rod structure. The anchor rod body 3 is fitted into the hollow cavity of the steel sleeve 2. The anchor head 1 at the upper end of the anchor rod body 3 protrudes from the top of the steel sleeve 2. A hydraulic jack is installed at the top of the steel sleeve 2, providing hydraulic driving force for the axial movement of the anchor rod body 3. Hydraulic control is used for the drive process, which is stable and reliable.

[0034] Figure 7 The anchor block 8 shown is a cone with a small top surface and a large bottom surface. A guide rail 7 is provided along the generatrix of the cone, and the guide rail 7 becomes a wedge-shaped surface on the cone. The anchor block 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the prestressed anchor rod 3 by bolts 4.

[0035] Figure 7 The root key 6 shown is placed in the root key hole and can move radially along the root key hole; the root key 6 is fixed to the root key seat 5, the root key seat 5 is set in the guide rail 7 and slides with the guide rail.

[0036] Under the lifting driving force provided by the hydraulic jack, the anchor rod body 3 drives the anchor block 8 to rise upward, the root key seat 5 slides along the guide rail 7, and drives the root key 6 to move radially along the root key hole, so that the root key 6 protrudes from the outer periphery of the steel sleeve 2 to form a root anchor rod.

[0037] Set the top of the steel sleeve 2 as follows Figure 8a and Figure 8bThe steel support 11 shown serves as a reaction frame for the hydraulic jack. While the hydraulic jack applies hydraulic driving force to the anchor head 1 to lift it, the column base 12 of the steel support 11 is pressed into the strongly weathered granite layer 14 under the reaction force. Tensile and compressive self-balancing is achieved through fixed welding of the column base 12 and the anchor head 1. After being ejected, the root keys are inserted into the rocks of the overburden layer 13, the strongly weathered granite layer 14, and the moderately weathered granite layer 15, respectively, engaging the surrounding rocks and greatly improving the bearing capacity, thus achieving a better anchoring effect.

[0038] In practice, the corresponding technical measures also include:

[0039] like Figure 5a and Figure 5b As shown, a root key hole 9 is opened on the steel sleeve 2 where the root key is located; multiple sets of root keys 6 are evenly distributed along the circumference, at least 2 sets, and four sets are shown in the figure.

[0040] like Figure 6a and Figure 6b As shown, in this embodiment, there are multiple root keys 6 distributed on the same key seat 5. The root key holes on the steel sleeve 2 are set one-to-one with the root key seats. Alternatively, each root key hole on the steel sleeve 2 can be set one-to-one with each individual root key.

[0041] like Figure 2a and Figure 2b As shown, at least two anchor blocks 8 are connected in series vertically. Figure 2a and Figure 2b The diagram illustrates a three-bar structure connected in series. The series connection means that the top of the lower steel sleeve 2 is provided with a male thread, and the bottom of the upper steel sleeve 2 is provided with a female thread. The two are fixed by rotation to form a vertical series connection between the upper and lower structures. The root key seat 5, root key 6, guide rail 7 and root key hole are provided in one-to-one correspondence with each anchor block 8 to form a series root anchor rod.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the hydraulic jack 10 provides an upward pulling force to the anchor head 1 and a downward pressure to the steel support 11, which finally causes the root key 6 to be squeezed out and embedded in the rock, providing sufficient pull-out resistance to the root foundation. Finally, the root foundation is welded to the reaction steel support 11 to form a tension-compression self-balancing foundation.

[0043] In the specific construction process, the first step is to use mechanized drilling to form the rod holes, which can be completed using a small 1.5t machine without the need for large excavation equipment, greatly reducing the construction difficulty. Then, for the root anchor rods placed in the rod holes, hydraulic jacks are used to push the root key into place until the root key seat and the anchor block interlock. The anchor head is then fixed to achieve permanent anchoring. Finally, the root anchor rods are connected to the upper foundation to complete the construction of the root foundation.

[0044] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-balancing micro-combined foundation for tension and compression, characterized by the following: A steel sleeve (2) has a hollow cavity. The upper section of the steel sleeve (2) is set as an anchor rod, and the lower section of the sleeve (2) has a root key hole arranged radially on the cylinder wall. An anchor rod body (3) is fitted into the hollow cavity of the steel sleeve (2). The upper end of the anchor rod body (3) has an anchor head (1) protruding from the top of the steel sleeve (2). A hydraulic jack is set at the top of the steel sleeve (2), and the hydraulic jack provides hydraulic driving force for the axial movement of the anchor rod body (3). An anchor block (8) is a cone with a small upper surface and a large lower surface. A guide rail (7) is set on the cone along the generatrix direction, and the guide rail (7) becomes a wedge-shaped surface on the cone. The anchor block (8) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the anchor rod body (3). A root key (6) is placed in the root key hole and can move radially along the root key hole. The root key (6) The anchor rod is fixed on the root key seat (5), which is set in the guide rail (7) and slides with the guide rail (7). Under the lifting driving force provided by the hydraulic jack (10), the anchor rod body (3) drives the anchor block (8) to lift upward, so that the root key seat (5) slides along the guide rail (7) and drives the root key (6) to move radially along the root key hole until the root key (6) protrudes from the outer periphery of the steel sleeve (2) to form a root anchor rod. A steel bracket (11) is set on the top of the steel sleeve (2). The hydraulic jack uses the steel bracket (11) as a reaction frame. While the hydraulic jack applies hydraulic driving force to the anchor head (1) to lift the anchor head, the column foot of the steel bracket (11) is pressed into the moderately weathered granite layer (14) under the reaction force. The tension and compression self-balance is achieved by fixing and welding the column foot and the anchor head.

2. The self-balancing micro-combined foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The root bond (6) is evenly distributed in multiple sets along the circumference.

3. The self-balancing micro-combined foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple root keys (6) are arranged vertically on the same key seat (5). The root key holes on the steel sleeve (2) are set one-to-one with the root key seat, or one-to-one with each individual root key.

4. The tension-compression self-balancing micro-combined foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: in The bottom outer periphery of the anchor block (8) has a groove, and the root key seat (5) that slides at the corresponding position is embedded in the groove, so that the anchor block (8) and the root key seat (5) are locked together.

5. The self-balancing micro-combined foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two anchor blocks (8) are arranged in series vertically. The lower anchor block is fixedly connected to the upper anchor block with its top surface to form a vertical series connection between the anchor blocks (8). Root key seat (5), root key (6) and root key hole are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each anchor block (8) to form a series root anchor rod.

Images