A feed that improves bovine rumen degradation rate and its application

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of biofeed technology, specifically relating to a feed for improving rumen degradation rate in cattle and its application. The silage is prepared by mixing elephant grass, sugarcane top leaves, corn stalks, and cassava branches in a mass ratio of 4:3:2:1. During the silage process, *Lactobacillus casei* R7-6 strain is added at an inoculum rate of 0.1%, and cellulase is added at an inoculum rate of 0.08%. The preservation number of *Lactobacillus casei* R7-6 is CCTCC NO: M2018435. This project group studied how to perform silage treatment with several different roughages as substrates to effectively improve the feed degradation rate in the bovine stomach and rumen, increase the effective utilization rate of roughage, and improve the weight of beef cattle, providing valuable guidance for improving economic efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of biological feed technology, specifically relating to a feed that improves the rumen degradation rate of cattle and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Guangxi is a major water buffalo producing area, boasting the largest water buffalo population in China. With the increasing scale of water buffalo farming and rising prices of grain raw materials such as corn and soybean meal, the competition between humans and livestock for grain is intensifying, placing higher and stricter demands on the supply of high-quality local feed resources. Located in a low-latitude region with a subtropical climate, Guangxi is warm and rainy, conducive to plant growth. Water buffalo are tolerant of roughage and can make extensive use of Guangxi's abundant non-grain roughage resources, such as pasture, straw, sugarcane tops and leaves, and other agricultural byproducts. Actively exploring new feed resources, rationally developing and utilizing local non-grain roughage resources, and developing grain-saving animal husbandry can alleviate the supply and demand imbalance of feed and effectively reduce breeding costs.

[0003] Compared to conventional feeds, non-grain roughages have disadvantages such as high fiber content, low protein content, poor palatability, and difficulty in digestion, which limit their effective development and utilization in feed. Reducing fiber content, increasing nutrient content, and improving palatability are key to enhancing the feed value of non-grain roughages. Cellulose is an important component of plant cell walls; appropriate amounts of cellulose can increase feed volume and improve the intestinal nutrient absorption environment. However, non-grain roughages suffer from drawbacks such as high fiber content, low protein content, and difficulty in digestion.

[0004] Silage is a common processing method for non-grain roughage. Existing technologies often involve adding certain dominant bacterial strains or cellulases during the silage process to improve roughage utilization efficiency. However, research on the co-ensilage of different dominant silage strains with cellulases is extremely limited, and different dominant silage strains exhibit varying fermentation effects on different non-grain roughages. Therefore, this applicant uses nylon bag experiments to scientifically evaluate the nutritional value of roughage and fermentation products treated with different dominant silage strains and cellulases, and to study their degradation rate in the buffalo rumen, providing theoretical support for the effective development and utilization of non-grain roughage resources. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a feed that improves the rumen degradation rate of cattle and its application. Through research, the applicant has discovered that when using several different roughages as substrates, how to carry out silage treatment can effectively improve the degradation rate of feed in the rumen of cattle, improve the effective utilization rate of roughage, and also increase the weight of beef cattle, which has good guiding value for improving economic benefits.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A feed to improve the rumen degradation rate of cattle, wherein the silage is prepared by mass ratio of elephant grass: sugarcane top leaves: corn stalks: cassava branches = 4:3:2:1.

[0008] Further explanation: during the silage process, Lactobacillus casei R7-6 strain was added at an inoculation rate of 0.1% and cellulase was added at an inoculation rate of 0.08%; the preservation number of Lactobacillus casei R7-6 is CCTCC NO: M 2018435.

[0009] To further clarify, the cellulase has an enzyme activity ≥10000 U / g.

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for improving the rumen degradation rate of cattle feed as described above. The method is as follows: elephant grass, sugarcane top leaves, corn stalks and cassava branches are cut into short lengths of 1cm to 4cm, mixed in a ratio of 4:3:2:1 by fresh weight, composted for 1 hour, and then inoculated with Lactobacillus casei R7-6 strain at a rate of 0.1% and cellulase at a rate of 0.08%. The mixture is mixed evenly, compacted and sealed for ensiling, and fermented in the dark for 60 days.

[0011] Further explanation: the cassava branches are fresh cassava branches; the corn stalks are fresh corn stalks; the cassava branches and corn stalks are pre-treated before ensiling, specifically by passing the cassava branches and corn stalks through a high-pressure roller mill twice.

[0012] To further clarify, the fermentation temperature is 25–30°C.

[0013] The present invention also provides an application of the feed described above, which improves the rumen degradation rate of cattle, in the weight gain of cattle.

[0014] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] This invention, through research on silage of elephant grass, sugarcane tops and leaves, corn stalks, and cassava branches at different mass ratios, determined the optimal mass ratio for silage. Experimental studies revealed that when elephant grass, sugarcane tops and leaves, corn stalks, and cassava branches are used as substrates, and silage is prepared with 0.1% inoculum containing *Lactobacillus casei* R7-6 strain and 0.08% inoculum containing cellulase, the resulting silage effectively improves rumen utilization and enhances the feed value of elephant grass, sugarcane tops and leaves, corn stalks, and cassava branches when fed to buffalo; thus providing a favorable feed for buffalo weight gain. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0017] Example 1:

[0018] 1. Roughage: Sugarcane tops, elephant grass, corn stalks, and cassava branches were used without any other additives. The main study focused on the effects of different mixing ratios on the silage fermentation quality of sugarcane tops, elephant grass, corn stalks, and cassava branches. The sugarcane tops, elephant grass, corn stalks, and cassava branches used in the experiment were all collected from the Mingyang Dairy Buffalo Experimental Base in Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The four mixed silage materials were chopped to approximately 2 cm for use. Routine nutrient composition determination was performed according to "Feed Analysis and Feed Quality Testing Technology". Dry matter (DM) was determined according to "Determination of Moisture in Feed" (GB / T6435-2014). Crude protein (CP) was determined using the Kjeldahl method. Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were determined using the methods of Van Soest et al. The routine nutrient composition of the raw materials is shown in Table 1.

[0019] Table 1. Nutritional composition of four raw materials before silage

[0020]

[0021] 2. Experimental method: A small-scale fermentation method was adopted. Sugarcane top leaves, elephant grass, corn stalks and cassava branches were weighed and mixed evenly according to the fresh weight ratio in Table 2. A total of 9 treatments were carried out, with 3 replicates for each treatment. The samples were placed in polyethylene film bags, 500g per bag, sealed with a vacuum packaging machine, and fermented at room temperature in the dark for 60 days before being opened and samples were taken for analysis.

[0022] Table 2. Mixing ratio of the four raw materials

[0023] Formula number Elephant grass Sugarcane tail leaves corn stalks Cassava branches Formula 1 100 0 0 0 Formula 2 0 100 0 0 Formula 3 0 0 100 0 Formula 4 0 0 0 100 Formula 5 40 30 20 10 Formula 6 30 40 10 20 Formula 7 20 10 30 40 Formula 8 10 50 15 25 Formula 9 50 10 25 15

[0024] Routine nutrient composition determination was performed according to "Feed Analysis and Feed Quality Testing Technology". Dry matter (DM) was determined according to "Determination of Moisture in Feed" (GB / T6435-2014). Crude protein (CP) was determined using the Kjeldahl method. Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were determined using the method of Van Soest et al. The nutrient composition after mixed storage is shown in the table below:

[0025] Table 34 Nutritional Composition of Feed Mixed with Different Specific Gravities

[0026]

[0027] Note: Data in the same column without the same uppercase letter in the superscript indicates that there is a significant difference between groups with different mixed storage ratios (P<0.05).

[0028] The results in the table above show that there is no significant difference in dry matter content among the feed formulations 1-9 after mixed storage.

[0029] There was no significant difference in crude protein content among the feed formulations 1-9 after mixed storage.

[0030] The crude ash content of the mixed feed formulations 1-9 showed significant differences. The order was: Formulation 9 > Formulation 1 > Formulation 5 > Formulation 6 > Formulation 7 > Formulation 8 > Formulation 2 > Formulation 3 > Formulation 4.

[0031] The neutral detergent fiber content varied significantly among feed formulations 1-9 after mixed storage. The order was: Formulation 5 > Formulation 2 > Formulation 9 > Formulation 1 > Formulation 3 > Formulation 6 > Formulation 8 > Formulation 7 > Formulation 4.

[0032] The acid detergent fiber content varied significantly among the feed formulations 1-9 after mixed storage. The order was: Formulation 4 > Formulation 7 > Formulation 8 > Formulation 6 > Formulation 9 > Formulation 2 > Formulation 5 > Formulation 3 > Formulation 1.

[0033] This indicates that a higher proportion of elephant grass and sugarcane tops and leaves results in higher nutritional value after mixed storage and fermentation; similarly, a higher proportion of corn stalks than cassava branches in the same ratio also results in higher nutritional value after mixed storage and fermentation. Therefore, this application continues to use the proportion of formula 5 for subsequent research.

[0034] Example 2:

[0035] Previous research has shown that different silage techniques result in varying fermentation effects, and the addition of different bacterial strains also affects the fermentation outcome. The applicant conducted experiments on several screened bacterial strains: *Lactobacillus casei* R7-6 strain with a 0.08% inoculum containing cellulase; the *Lactobacillus plantarum* R4-30 strain, with accession number CCTCC NO: M2018437, was deposited at the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) on July 2, 2018; the *Lactobacillus casei* R7-6 strain, with accession number CCTCC NO: M 2018435, was also deposited at the CCTCC on July 2, 2018, at Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.

[0036] The cellulase was preserved by our research team (enzyme activity ≥10000U / g).

[0037] 2. Experimental method: A small-scale fermentation method was adopted. Sugarcane top leaves, elephant grass, corn stalks and cassava branches were weighed and mixed evenly in a fresh weight ratio of 4:3:2:1. A total of 7 treatments were prepared, with 3 replicates for each treatment. The samples were placed in polyethylene film bags, 500g per bag, sealed with a vacuum packaging machine, and fermented at room temperature in the dark for 60 days before being opened and samples were taken for analysis.

[0038] Treatment 1: Add cellulase at an inoculum rate of 0.08%;

[0039] Treatment 2: Add Lactobacillus plantarum R4-30 strain at an inoculum rate of 0.1%;

[0040] Treatment 3: Add Lactobacillus casei R7-6 strain at an inoculum rate of 0.1%;

[0041] Treatment 4: Add cellulase at a rate of 0.08% + Lactobacillus plantarum R4-30 strain at a rate of 0.1%;

[0042] Treatment 5: Add cellulase at a rate of 0.08% + Lactobacillus casei R7-6 strain at a rate of 0.1%;

[0043] Treatment 6: Add cellulase at 0.08% inoculum, Lactobacillus casei R7-6 at 0.1% inoculum, and Lactobacillus plantarum R4-30 at 0.1% inoculum.

[0044] CK: No processing added.

[0045] Table 4. Nutrient composition of feed after mixed storage with different treatment methods

[0046]

[0047] Note: Data in the same column without the same uppercase letter in the superscript indicates that there is a significant difference between groups with different mixed storage ratios (P<0.05).

[0048] The results in the table above show that there was no significant difference in dry matter content between the mixed-storage feed treatment groups 1-6 and the CK group.

[0049] The crude protein content of the mixed feed treatment group 5 differed significantly from that of treatment groups 1-4, 6 and the CK group.

[0050] The crude ash content differed significantly between treatment groups 1-6 and the control group after mixed storage. The degree of increase in crude ash content varied among the different treatment groups. The order of increase from greatest to least was: treatment group 5 > treatment group 4 > treatment group 3 > treatment group 2 > treatment group 6 > treatment group 1 > control group.

[0051] The neutral detergent fiber content differed significantly between the mixed feed treatment groups 1-6 and the control group (CK). The degree of reduction in neutral detergent fiber content varied among the different treatment groups. The order of reduction from greatest to least was: treatment group 5 > treatment group 4 > treatment group 3 > treatment group 2 > treatment group 6 > treatment group 1 > CK group.

[0052] The acid detergent fiber content differed significantly between the mixed feed treatment groups 1-6 and the CK group. The degree of reduction in acid detergent fiber content varied among the different treatment groups. The order of reduction from greatest to least was: treatment group 5 > treatment group 4 > treatment group 3 > treatment group 2 > treatment group 6 > treatment group 1 > CK group.

[0053] The above results indicate that the addition of cellulase or strains during silage fermentation affects the nutritional composition of silage. The experimental results show that the addition of *Lactobacillus casei* R7-6 strain has the greatest impact on the decomposition of nutrients in the fermented substrate. Different strains have different decomposition abilities for different substrates, and the effects of co-ensilage fermentation with cellulase also vary, showing either promoting, inhibiting, or no effect. This project found that the optimal silage effect was achieved when the substrates of this application—grass, sugarcane tops, corn stalks, and cassava branches—were ensiled in a fresh weight ratio of 4:3:2:1, and mixed with cellulase at an inoculum level of 0.08% and *Lactobacillus plantarum* R4-30 strain at an inoculum level of 0.1%.

[0054] Example 3:

[0055] Results obtained from Example 2. Based on previous experience, our project team pretreated the cassava branches and corn stalks before ensiling. The specific treatment method was as follows: the cassava branches and corn stalks were treated twice by a high-pressure roller mill; then, elephant grass, sugarcane top leaves, corn stalks and cassava branches were chopped to 1cm-4cm in length, mixed in a ratio of 4:3:2:1 by fresh weight, and composted for 1 hour. After that, Lactobacillus casei R7-6 strain was inoculated at a rate of 0.1% and cellulase was added at a rate of 0.08%. The mixture was then mixed evenly, compacted, sealed and ensiled, and fermented in the dark for 60 days.

[0056] The impact of animal experiments conducted by this project team on [the project's] [activity / effects].

[0057] 1. Experimental animals and experimental diets

[0058] The experiment was conducted at the Mingyang Dairy Buffalo Experimental Base in Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Nine 2-week-old Nilirafi buffaloes with similar weight and body condition and equipped with rumen fistulas were selected as experimental animals and housed in the same pen. The basal diet was formulated with reference to the "Beef Cattle Feeding Standard" (NY / T 815-2004) and the Chinese Feed Composition and Nutritional Value Table (28th Edition, 2017). Feeding was carried out at 08:00 and 17:00 daily, with free access to water throughout the day. The pre-trial period was 7 days.

[0059] Experimental Group 1: The substrates, cassava branches and corn stalks, underwent pretreatment before ensiling. The specific treatment method was as follows: the cassava branches and corn stalks were treated twice by a high-pressure roller mill. Then, elephant grass, sugarcane top leaves, corn stalks and cassava branches were chopped to a length of 1cm to 4cm, mixed in a fresh weight ratio of 4:3:2:1, packed into polyethylene film bags, 500g per bag, sealed with a vacuum packaging machine, and fermented at room temperature in the dark for 60 days.

[0060] Experimental Group 2: Elephant grass, sugarcane top leaves, corn stalks and cassava branches were chopped to 1-4 cm in length, mixed in a fresh weight ratio of 4:3:2:1, packed into polyethylene film bags, 500 g per bag, sealed with a vacuum packaging machine, and fermented at room temperature in the dark for 60 days.

[0061] Experimental Group 3: Before ensiling, the substrates cassava branches and corn stalks underwent pretreatment. The specific treatment method was as follows: the cassava branches and corn stalks were treated twice by a high-pressure roller mill. Then, elephant grass, sugarcane top leaves, corn stalks and cassava branches were chopped to a length of 1cm to 4cm and mixed according to a fresh weight ratio of 4:3:2:1. After composting for 1 hour, Lactobacillus casei R7-6 strain was inoculated at a rate of 0.1% and cellulase was added at a rate of 0.08%. The mixture was then packed into polyethylene film bags, 500g per bag, sealed with a vacuum packaging machine, and fermented at room temperature in the dark for 60 days.

[0062] Experimental Group 4: Cut elephant grass, sugarcane top leaves, corn stalks and cassava branches into 1cm to 4cm lengths and mix them according to a fresh weight ratio of 4:3:2:1.

[0063] 2. Nylon bag test

[0064] The silage from experimental groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 was dried at 65℃ for 48 hours, then ground in a grinder and passed through a 40-mesh sieve for later use.

[0065] Weigh 5.0g of the sieved sample from experimental groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, and place it intact into an 8cm × 12cm nylon bag. Tie the bag tightly to prevent feed leakage. Each sample was tested in triplicate, randomly assigned to three groups, with two replicates at each time point. One hour before the start of the experiment, following the principle of "simultaneous placement and sequential removal," the nylon bags were inserted into the buffalo rumen through a rumen fistula and tied to a plastic tube. The bags were removed at 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 hours, rinsed under cold water until the water was clear, and the reaction was terminated. The bags were then dried in an oven at 65℃ to constant weight and stored in sealed bags for nutrient composition analysis.

[0066] 3. Calculation of rumen degradation characteristics

[0067] The real-time rumen degradation rate of nutrients at a certain time point is shown below:

[0068] A = (BC) / B × 100%.

[0069] In the formula: A represents the rumen degradation rate (%) of nutrients at a certain time point; B represents the content of a certain nutrient before degradation; C represents the content of a certain nutrient in the residue in the nylon bag after degradation.

[0070] The calculation of the rumen degradation parameter model uses wait [i] The proposed method, as shown in the formula below:

[0071] Dp=a+b×(1-e -ct );

[0072] ED = a + b × c / (c + k).

[0073] In the formula: Dp is the real-time degradation rate of rumen (%), a is the rapid degradation portion (%), b is the slow degradation portion (%), c is the degradation rate of the slow degradation portion (%) / h, t is the digestion time of the sample in the rumen (h), ED is the effective degradation rate of rumen, and k is the rumen outflow rate of nutrients in the feed (%) / h. In this experiment, k was taken as 0.025% / h.

[0074] 4. Statistics and Analysis

[0075] After the experimental results were initially compiled in Excel 2019, the values ​​of a, b, and c were calculated using non-linear regression in SPSS 26.0 software. Then, one-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple comparisons were performed. The results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and P < 0.05 is considered statistically significant.

[0076] Table 5. Degradation rate and degradation parameters of DM in different experimental groups in rumen

[0077]

[0078] The results in the table above show that DM degrades with increasing time in the buffalo rumen, and the degradation rate gradually increases. At 24h and 48h, the degradation rates of DM from highest to lowest are: experimental group 3 > experimental group 1 > experimental group 2 > experimental group 4. The degradation rate of experimental group 4 at each time point is significantly lower than that of the other experimental groups (P < 0.05).

[0079] In terms of rumen degradation parameters, the rapid degradation portion of DM treated with the present invention was significantly higher than that of other experimental groups (P<0.05); the slow degradation portion of DM in experimental group 3 was significantly higher than that of other groups (P<0.05); the effective degradation rate (ED value) of DM from high to low was experimental group 3 > experimental group 1 > experimental group 2 > experimental group 4, which was consistent with the ranking of real-time rumen degradation rate at 24h and 48h.

[0080] Table 6. Rumen degradation rate and degradation parameters of CP in different experimental groups

[0081]

[0082] As shown in the table above, the degradation rate of CP in each group of samples increased with the extension of degradation time in the buffalo rumen. The degradation rates of DM at 24h and 48h were in descending order as follows: experimental group 3 > experimental group 1 > experimental group 2 > experimental group 4. The degradation rate of experimental group 4 at each time point was significantly lower than that of other experimental groups (P < 0.05), indicating that the fermentation treatment using the scheme of the present invention can improve the rumen degradation rate of CP in roughage to varying degrees.

[0083] In terms of rumen degradation parameters, experimental group 3 had the highest rapid degradation fraction of CP, which was significantly higher than other groups (P<0.05). The effective degradation rate (ED value) of CP from high to low was experimental group 3 > experimental group 1 > experimental group 2 > experimental group 4. Among them, the improvement of experimental group 3 was the greatest, and the improvement of experimental group 4 was the smallest.

[0084] Table 7. Rumen degradation rate and degradation parameters of NDF in different experimental groups

[0085]

[0086] As shown in the table above, the rumen degradation rate of NDF was highest in experimental group 3 at all time points. The NDF degradation rate from highest to lowest was experimental group 3 > experimental group 1 > experimental group 2 > experimental group 4. The degradation rate of experimental group 4 was significantly lower than that of other experimental groups at all time points (P < 0.05). The rumen degradation rate of experimental group 3 showed a large increase.

[0087] The rapid degradation fraction of NDF in all samples was less than 10%. After treatment in experimental groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, the slow degradation fraction was: experimental group 3 > experimental group 2 > experimental group 1 > experimental group 4; the effective rumen degradation rate of NDF in experimental group 3 was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P < 0.05).

[0088] Table 8. Rumen degradation rate and degradation parameters of ADF in different experimental groups

[0089]

[0090] Rumen degradation parameters

[0091]

[0092] As shown in the table above, experimental group 3 had the highest ADF degradation rate at all time points, and it was significantly higher than other groups (P < 0.05). Experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 were the next highest, while experimental group 4 had the lowest degradation rate.

[0093] The rapid degradation fraction of ADF was less than 10%, similar to that of NDF. The slow degradation fraction and effective degradation rate of ADF in experimental group 3 were significantly higher than those in other groups (P < 0.05), while those in experimental group 4 were the lowest. Treatment with cellulase increased the rapid degradation fraction and effective degradation rate of roughage ADF in all groups, but the extent of the increase varied.

[0094] In summary, in this study, elephant grass, sugarcane tops and leaves, corn stalks, and cassava branches were chopped to 1-4 cm in length and mixed in a fresh weight ratio of 4:3:2:1. After composting for 1 hour, *Lactobacillus casei* R7-6 strain was inoculated at a rate of 0.1%, and cellulase was added at a rate of 0.08%. The mixture was thoroughly mixed, compacted, sealed, and ensiled. The silage was then fermented in the dark for 60 days. This treatment improved the rumen degradation rate of DM, CP, NDF, and ADF in the feed, significantly increasing the rapid degradation fraction of each nutrient and accelerating the early degradation rate. Therefore, in production, the research results of this application can be used to ferment substrate feed to improve the rumen degradation rate and nutritional value of the feed. Thus, it can be concluded that using the technical solution of this invention to feed buffalo has a beneficial effect on buffalo weight gain.

[0095] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A type of silage that improves the rumen degradation rate of buffalo, characterized in that: The silage for improving the rumen degradation rate of buffalo is prepared by the following method: elephant grass, sugarcane top leaves, corn stalks, and cassava branches are chopped to a length of 1-4 cm, mixed in a ratio of 4:3:2:1 by fresh weight, composted for 1 hour, and then inoculated with Lactobacillus casei R7-6 strain at a rate of 0.1% and cellulase at a rate of 0.08%. The mixture is thoroughly mixed, compacted, sealed, and ensiled for 60 days in the dark. The preservation number of Lactobacillus casei R7-6 is CCTCC NO: M 2018435.

2. The silage for improving the rumen degradation rate of buffalo according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cellulase has an enzyme activity ≥10000 U / g.

3. The silage for improving the rumen degradation rate of buffalo according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cassava branches are fresh cassava branches; the corn stalks are fresh corn stalks; the cassava branches and corn stalks are pre-treated before silage, specifically by passing the cassava branches and corn stalks through a high-pressure roller mill twice.

4. The silage for improving the rumen degradation rate of buffalo according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation temperature is 25–30°C.

5. The application of the silage described in claim 1, which improves the rumen degradation rate of buffalo, in the preparation of feed for cattle to increase weight.

Images