Rail transit vehicle seat and rail transit vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to a rail transit vehicle seat and a rail transit vehicle, which comprise a seat body made of a fiber-reinforced composite material, the bottom surface of the seat body is provided with a framework structure, the framework structure comprises a plurality of outer beams fixed to the bottom surface of the seat body, a cladding beam is arranged in the inner space of the outer beam, a square tube is arranged between the cladding beam and the inner bottom surface of the outer beam, the outer beam, the cladding beam and the square tube are all made of the fiber-reinforced composite material, and the space between the outer side surface of the cladding beam and the inner side surface of the outer beam is filled with foam material. The seat of the application can be integrally formed, has high structural strength and is light in weight.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail transit vehicle technology, specifically to a seat for rail transit vehicles and a rail transit vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The statements herein provide only background information in relation to this invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Currently, seats in rail transit vehicles are generally made of fiberglass. The bottom of the fiberglass seat has a frame made of metal. For example, patents CN214356017U and CN215510727U disclose rail transit vehicle seats with fiberglass as the seat surface and metal frame. However, the inventors found that fiberglass seats are heavy and inconvenient to install. Moreover, the frame and fiberglass seat are connected by bolts or other threaded fasteners or adhesives. After long-term use, the threaded fasteners are prone to breakage or the adhesive layer cracks, causing certain safety hazards. In addition, the frame is generally made of aluminum alloy metal profiles. The aluminum alloy profile frame structure is complex. The aluminum alloy profile frames corresponding to different models of rail transit vehicles need to be developed separately. The mold opening cost of aluminum alloy profiles is expensive, which increases the cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a seat for rail transit vehicles made of composite materials that can be integrally molded, avoiding the safety issues associated with bolted connections. Furthermore, the frame structure is simple, eliminating the need for re-molding the frame when used for different seat models, thus reducing production costs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a seat for rail transit vehicles, comprising a seat body made of fiber-reinforced composite material, a frame structure provided on the bottom surface of the seat body, the frame structure comprising a plurality of outer beams fixed to the bottom surface of the seat body, a covering beam provided in the internal space of the outer beams, a square tube provided between the covering beam and the inner bottom surface of the outer beam, the outer beams, the covering beam and the square tube are all made of fiber-reinforced composite material, and the space between the outer side surface of the covering beam and the inner side surface of the outer beam is filled with foam material.

[0007] Optionally, the outer beam and square tube are made of carbon fiber composite material, and the cladding beam is made of glass fiber composite material.

[0008] Optionally, the foam material is PET-filled foam material.

[0009] Optionally, the outer beam and the bottom of the square tube are provided with corresponding mounting holes to fix the seat body to the inner support of the rail vehicle.

[0010] Optionally, the mounting hole is a spindle-shaped hole.

[0011] Optionally, the seat body is provided with partitions at both ends along its length, and the partitions are made of fiber-reinforced composite material.

[0012] Optionally, the seat body consists of, from the outside in, a carbon fiber woven fabric layer, a glass fiber woven fabric layer, a carbon fiber unidirectional belt layer, and a carbon fiber woven fabric layer.

[0013] Optionally, the seat body includes a seat cushion portion, one end of which is connected to the bottom end of the backrest via an arc-shaped transition portion, and the other end of which is provided with a smooth corner portion for contacting the back of the passenger's legs. Both the backrest and the seat cushion portion are provided with recessed areas.

[0014] Optionally, the number of layers in the smooth corner and the recessed areas of the backrest and seat cushion is 20-22, preferably 21; the number of layers in the transition section is 18-19, preferably 19; and the number of layers in other parts of the seat body is 16-17, preferably 17.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a rail transit vehicle equipped with the rail transit vehicle seat described in the first aspect.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. The rail vehicle seat of the present invention is made of fiber-reinforced composite material. The outer beam, covering beam and square tube in the frame are also made of fiber-reinforced composite material. It can be integrally molded during production without the need to connect the frame and the seat body with threaded fasteners later. The connection strength between the frame and the seat body is high and can maintain good connection strength even after long-term use, which is safe. Moreover, due to the superior mechanical properties and lower density of fiber-reinforced composite material, the seat is lightweight.

[0018] 2. The rail vehicle seat of the present invention has a frame consisting only of an outer beam, a covering beam, a square tube, and filling foam. Compared with the structure of aluminum alloy profiles, it is simpler. When applied to different models of rail vehicles, it is only necessary to drill mounting holes on the outer beam and square tube according to the actual needs of the rail vehicle model. There is no need to re-mold and manufacture the corresponding aluminum alloy profiles, saving mold opening costs and reducing production costs.

[0019] 3. The rail vehicle seat of the present invention has PET foam filling the space between the cover tube and the outer beam. PET foam is a lightweight material. Combined with the cover beam and outer beam made of fiber reinforced composite material, it enhances the load-bearing capacity of the frame, giving the frame better mechanical properties and reducing the density of the frame. At the same time, it gives the frame certain seismic performance and ensures the structural strength of the frame during use.

[0020] 4. The rail vehicle seat of the present invention uses glass fiber and carbon fiber in combination in the seat body, and different layup designs are carried out in different load-bearing areas. The advantages of the mechanical properties of composite materials are comprehensively utilized to effectively reduce the deformation problem in the forming process of carbon and glass fiber composite materials and reduce interlayer stress. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a side view of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the frame and seat body fixing in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a partial enlarged view of the skeleton in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the seat body structure according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the seat body layer design according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] The components include: 1. Seat body, 2. Frame, 3. Partition, 4. Standard carbon fiber composite square tube, 5. Covering beam, 6. PET foam material, 7. Mounting holes, 8. Backrest, 9. Seat cushion, 10. Smooth corner, and 11. Transition section. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Example 1

[0031] This embodiment provides a seat for rail transit vehicles, such as Figures 1-3As shown, it includes a seat body 1, and a frame 2 is provided on the bottom surface of the seat body 1. The seat body 1 is fixedly connected to the bracket on the rail transit vehicle through the frame 2.

[0032] In this embodiment, the seat body 1 is made of fiber-reinforced composite material, and the frame 2 is also made of fiber-reinforced composite material. When the seat is manufactured, the seat body 1 and the frame 2 can be integrally formed without the need for subsequent fixing with threaded fasteners or adhesives.

[0033] like Figures 4-5 As shown, the frame 2 includes multiple outer beams. In this embodiment, two outer beams are provided, which are arranged in parallel and along the length of the seat body 1.

[0034] The outer beam is made of fiber-reinforced composite material, preferably carbon fiber composite material.

[0035] In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the outer beam is U-shaped, and the open side of the outer beam is set towards the bottom surface of the seat body 1. The outer beam includes a horizontal part and vertical parts located on both sides of the horizontal part. The top of the vertical part is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the seat body 1.

[0036] The outer beam has a covering beam 5 inside its internal space. The covering beam 5 is made of fiber-reinforced composite material, preferably glass fiber composite material.

[0037] The cross-sectional shape of the covering beam 5 is an inverted U-shape, and the open side is set facing the upper surface of the horizontal part of the outer beam. The covering beam 5 also includes a horizontal part and vertical parts located on both sides of the horizontal part. The bottom end of the vertical part is fixed to the bottom surface of the inner space of the outer beam, that is, fixed to the upper surface of the horizontal part of the outer beam.

[0038] A square tube is provided in the space between the covering beam 5 and the horizontal part of the outer beam. The square tube is made of fiber reinforced composite material, preferably carbon fiber composite material. In this embodiment, the square tube is the existing standard carbon fiber composite square tube 4.

[0039] The covering beam 5 presses the square tube tightly inside the outer beam.

[0040] The space between the inner side of the outer beam and the outer side of the covering beam 5 is filled with foam material, preferably PET foam material 6.

[0041] PET foam is a lightweight material. Combined with fiber-reinforced composite materials, the covering beam 5 and outer beam enhance the load-bearing capacity of the skeleton 2, giving the skeleton 2 better mechanical properties and reducing its density. At the same time, it gives the skeleton certain seismic performance, ensuring the structural strength of the skeleton 2 during use.

[0042] The frame 2 is also provided with a plurality of mounting holes 7, and the frame 2 is fixedly connected to the bracket on the rail transit vehicle through the mounting holes 7.

[0043] In this embodiment, the mounting hole 7 penetrates the horizontal part of the outer beam and the bottom wall of the square tube.

[0044] Furthermore, the mounting hole 7 is a spindle-shaped hole. When it is fixed to the bracket on the rail transit vehicle, the head of the bolt passes through the side with the larger area of ​​the spindle-shaped hole. Then the bolt and the frame 2 move relative to each other, so that the shank of the bolt enters the side with the smaller area of ​​the spindle-shaped hole. The spindle-shaped hole is used for limiting. Then the shank of the bolt passes through the fixing hole on the bracket and the nut is tightened to complete the fixing of the frame 2 and the bracket.

[0045] The skeleton 2 in this embodiment has undergone overall optimization design and is entirely produced using fiber-reinforced composite materials. Compared with traditional aluminum alloy profile skeletons, it reduces structural complexity and improves mechanical properties. For different models of rail vehicles, only the drilling position of the mounting holes 7 on the skeleton needs to be adjusted, without the need for redesign and mold opening, saving the cost of multiple mold openings and reducing the R&D cost of different models of products, reflecting the advanced nature of composite material design.

[0046] Along the length of the seat body 1, partitions 3 are provided on both sides of the seat body 1. The partitions 3 are also made of fiber-reinforced composite material and can be integrally formed with the seat body 1 and the frame 2. Preferably, the partitions 3 are made of carbon fiber composite material.

[0047] like Figure 6 As shown, the seat body 1 includes a seat cushion 9 for supporting the passenger. One side of the seat cushion 9 is connected to the bottom of the backrest 8 via an arc-shaped transition portion 11. The other side of the seat cushion 9 has a smooth corner portion 10 for contacting the back of the passenger's legs. The smooth corner portion 10 is an arc-shaped structure that bends towards the inside and bottom of the seat body. The backrest 8 has an arc-shaped structure that bends towards the passenger. The height of the side of the seat cushion 9 away from the backrest 8 is greater than the height of the other side. The area on the seat cushion 9 that contacts the passenger is a recessed area, and the area on the backrest 8 that contacts the passenger is a recessed area. The recessed area provides soft support for the contact area, which is in line with ergonomic principles. At the same time, the arc-shaped transition portion 11 can conform to the contour curve of the human waist, reduce damage to the lumbar spine, and increase the overall comfort of the seat.

[0048] The shape of the seat body 1 in this embodiment can reduce the pressure on the passenger's back, buttocks and legs, improve riding comfort, relieve passenger fatigue, and the overall shape is reasonable and beautiful.

[0049] In this embodiment, the smooth corners of the seat body 1, the backrest 8, and the recessed areas of the cushion 9 are all stress concentration areas. The smooth corners 10, the recessed areas of the backrest 8, and the recessed areas of the cushion 9 have a maximum of 20-22 layers, preferably 21 layers, to increase strength. At the same time, glass fiber and carbon fiber are used to increase the impact resistance at the corners and increase mechanical properties. The transition part 11 has the next highest number of layers, 18-19 layers, preferably 19 layers. Other parts of the seat body 1 are areas of uniform stress, with the lowest number of layers, 16-17 layers, preferably 17 layers.

[0050] like Figure 7 As shown, the entire layup adopts a symmetrical and balanced setting, that is, the layup angles of the layup on both sides of the symmetrical plane are symmetrically set, which reduces deformation problems during the forming process and reduces interlayer stress.

[0051] In this embodiment, the side where the passenger is located is defined as the outer side of the seat, and the other side of the seat is defined as the inner side. Along the direction from the outer side to the inner side, the overall layers of the seat body 1 are carbon fiber woven fabric layer, glass fiber woven fabric layer, carbon fiber unidirectional tape layer and carbon fiber woven fabric layer. The unidirectional tape layer is designed according to the principal stress direction obtained from simulation analysis. It is formed by carbon fiber + glass fiber integral vacuum assisted (VARI) molding, which reduces weight and manufacturing cost.

[0052] The number of layers for each type of ply can be allocated based on the total number of ply layers in different areas of the seat body 1, combined with the actual situation, and will not be described in detail here.

[0053] In this embodiment, the seat body 1 adopts a symmetrical and balanced design concept in its layering design. It combines glass fiber and carbon fiber and performs independent layering design in different load-bearing areas. It makes full use of the mechanical properties of composite materials, effectively reduces deformation problems in the carbon glass fiber composite material forming process, and reduces interlayer stress.

[0054] In this embodiment, the seat body 1 is made of fiber-reinforced composite material, and the outer beam, covering beam 5, and square tube in the frame 2 are also made of fiber-reinforced composite material. It can be integrally molded during production without the need for adhesives or other attachments. The manufacturing process has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, and high quality. There is no need to connect the frame and the seat body with threaded fasteners later. The connection strength between the frame 2 and the seat body 1 is high, and it can still maintain good connection strength during long-term use, which is safe. Moreover, due to the superior mechanical properties and lower density of fiber-reinforced composite material, the seat is lightweight. Compared with the original structure, with the same design stiffness and strength, the structure weight will be reduced by more than 30% due to the superior mechanical properties and lower density of fiber-reinforced composite material.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] This embodiment provides a rail transit vehicle equipped with the rail transit vehicle seat described in Embodiment 1. The remaining structure of the rail transit vehicle can be achieved using existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0057] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A seat for a rail vehicle, characterized by, The seat body made of fiber reinforced composite material, the bottom surface of the seat body is provided with a framework structure, the framework structure comprises a plurality of outer beams fixed to the bottom surface of the seat body, the inner space of the outer beam is provided with a cladding beam, a square tube is arranged between the cladding beam and the inner bottom surface of the outer beam, the outer beam, the cladding beam and the square tube are made of fiber reinforced composite material, the space between the outer side surface of the cladding beam and the inner side surface of the outer beam is filled with foam material, and the seat body can be integrally formed without the need for gluing or other accessory connecting parts during production; The outer beam and the square tube are made of carbon fiber composite material, and the cladding beam is made of glass fiber composite material; The foam material is PET filled foam material. The bottom of the outer beam and the square tube is provided with corresponding mounting holes to realize the fixation of the seat body and the inner support of the rail vehicle.

2. A seat for a rail vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The mounting hole is a spindle-shaped hole.

3. The seat for a rail vehicle according to claim 1, wherein The seat body is provided with a partition plate at both ends along the length direction, and the partition plate is made of fiber reinforced composite material.

4. The seat for a rail vehicle according to claim 1, wherein The seat body is sequentially provided with a carbon fiber woven cloth layer, a glass fiber woven cloth layer, a carbon fiber unidirectional tape layer and a carbon fiber woven cloth layer from outside to inside.

5. The seat for a rail vehicle according to claim 1, wherein The seat body comprises a seat cushion part, one end of the seat cushion part is connected to the bottom end of a backrest part through an arc-shaped transition part, the other end of the seat cushion part is provided with a smooth corner part for contacting the popliteal fossa of the passenger's leg, and the backrest part and the seat cushion part are both provided with recessed areas.

6. A seat for a rail vehicle as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that The number of plies of the smooth corner part and the recessed areas of the backrest part and the seat cushion part is 20-22, the number of plies of the transition part is 18-19, and the number of plies of other parts of the seat body is 16-17.

7. A seat for a rail vehicle as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that The number of plies of the smooth corner part and the recessed areas of the backrest part and the seat cushion part is 21, the number of plies of the transition part is 19, and the number of plies of other parts of the seat body is 17.

8. A rail vehicle, characterized by The rail transit vehicle is provided with the seat according to any one of claims 1-7.

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