927 results about "Type ventilator" patented technology

A ventilation system is controlled by detecting the resistance and elastance of the patient's respiratory system and adjusting the flow supplied by the ventilator accordingly. In one embodiment, the resistance is detected by controlling the ventilator to superimpose at least one forced single oscillation on the flow and observing the reaction of the respiratory system. In another embodiment, the elastance is detected by controlling the ventilator to supply a pressure which has the effect of temporarily occluding the respiratory system, waiting until the respiratory system has reached equilibrium, and observing the resulting state of the respiratory system. The detection techniques of these two embodiments can be used together.

A method for controlling breathing gas flow of a ventilator for assisted or controlled ventilation of a patient as a function of a tracheobronchial airway pressure of the patient. A ventilator tube, such as a tracheal tube or tracheostomy tube, can be introduced into a trachea of the patient and subjected to the breathing gas, and has an inflatable cuff and at least one lumen that is continuous from a distal end of the tube to a proximal end of the tube. An apparatus detects an airway pressure, in which the tracheobronchial airway pressure is ascertained by continuous or intermittent detection and evaluation of an intra-cuff pressure prevailing in the cuff of the tube inserted into the trachea. The breathing gas flow of the ventilator is controlled as a function of the intra-cuff pressure detected.

A patient ventilator system for automatically weaning a patient from a ventilator.

Systems and methods are described for application of a transitory corrective modification to a hot-wire anemometer flow voltage and / or calculated flow rate to compensate for transient thermal response of the anemometer during a change in mixture of a mixed gas being measured. According to one embodiment a method of applying the transitory corrective modification is provided. An output signal of an exhalation flow sensor of a medical ventilator is received. The flow sensor includes a hot-wire anemometer. The output signal is indicative of a rate of flow of expired gas by a patient. Transient thermal response of the hot-wire anemometer is compensated for by applying a corrective modification to the output signal or a value based thereon. The corrective modification is based at least in part on a fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) being supplied by the medical ventilator to the patient.

This disclosure describes systems and methods for ventilating a patient with a system that includes an accumulator for storing a gas mixture. The disclosure describes a novel approach for determining the concentrations of gas found in the accumulator by utilizing a sampling chamber. The disclosure further describes a novel approach for a fast delivery of a change in gas mixture to a patient by utilizing a variable-sized accumulator. This disclosure also describes systems and methods for ventilating a patient with a system that includes an accumulator located away from the flow path that reduces / eliminates pockets of an undesirable gas mixture from entering the gas flow path and reaching the patient after a gas mixture change by utilizing at least one of a dip-tube, a purge valve, and a variable size accumulator.

Method and apparatus for non-invasively determining the time onset (Tonset) and end (Tend) of patient inspiratory efforts. A composite pressure signal is generated comprising the sum of an airway pressure signal, a gas flow pressure signal obtained by applying a gain factor (Kf) to a signal representing gas flow rate and a gas volume pressure signal obtained by applying a gain factor (Kv) to a signal representing volume of gas flow. Kf and Kv values are adjusted to result in a desired linear trajectory of composite pressure signal baseline in the latter part of the exhalation phase. The current composite pressure signal is compared with (i) selected earlier composite pressure signal values and / or (ii) value expected at current time based on extrapolation of composite pressure signal trajectory at specified earlier times and / or (iii) the current rate of change in the composite pressure signal with a selected earlier rates of change. The differences obtained by the comparison are compared with selected threshold values. Tonset is identified when at least one of the differences exceeds the threshold values.

This disclosure describes systems and methods for detecting and quantifying transmission delays associated with distributed sensing and monitoring functions within a ventilatory system. Specifically, the present methods and systems described herein define an event-based delay detection algorithm for determining transmission delays between distributed signal measurement and processing subsystems and a central platform that receives data from these subsystems. It is important to evaluate and quantify transmission delays because dyssynchrony in data communication may result in the misalignment of visualization and monitoring systems or instability in closed-loop control systems. Generally, embodiments described herein seek to quantify transmission delays by selecting a ventilator-based defining event as a temporal baseline and calculating the delay between the inception of the defining event and the receipt of data regarding the defining event from one or more distributed sensing devices.

A system for reducing airway obstructions of a patient may include a ventilator, a control unit, a gas delivery circuit with a proximal end in fluid communication with the ventilator and a distal end in fluid communication with a nasal interface, and a nasal interface. The nasal interface may include at least one jet nozzle, and at least one spontaneous respiration sensor in communication with the control unit for detecting a respiration effort pattern and a need for supporting airway patency. The system may be open to ambient. The control unit may determine more than one gas output velocities. The more than one gas output velocities may be synchronized with different parts of a spontaneous breath effort cycle, and a gas output velocity may be determined by a need for supporting airway patency.

This disclosure describes systems and methods for monitoring and evaluating ventilatory parameters, analyzing those parameters and providing useful notifications and recommendations to clinicians. That is, modern ventilators monitor, evaluate, and graphically represent multiple ventilatory parameters. However, many clinicians may not easily recognize data patterns and correlations indicative of certain patient conditions, changes in patient condition, and / or effectiveness of ventilatory treatment. Further, clinicians may not readily determine appropriate ventilatory adjustments that may address certain patient conditions and / or the effectiveness of ventilatory treatment. Specifically, clinicians may not readily detect or recognize the presence of double triggering during ventilation. According to embodiments, a ventilator may be configured to monitor and evaluate diverse ventilatory parameters to detect double triggering and may issue notifications and recommendations suitable for a patient to the clinician when double triggering is implicated. The suitable notifications and recommendations may further be provided in a hierarchical format.

Ventilator systems include: (a) a mass flow controller; (b) a gas delivery valve in communication with the mass flow controller and configured to selectively dispense a plurality of different gases to a subject; (c) a first gas source in fluid communication with the gas delivery valve; (d) a second gas source in fluid communication with the gas delivery valve; (e) a first pressure sensor located upstream of the gas delivery valve; (f) a second pressure sensor located downstream of the gas delivery valve; and (g) a controller operatively associated with the first and second pressure sensors and the mass flow controller, the controller comprising computer program code that monitors the pressures measured by the first and second pressure sensors and automatically dynamically adjusts the flow rate of the mass flow controller.

A method of operating a ventilator assembly having inhalation and exhalation passages communicating with one another, and a respiration assembly that can perform repetitive respiratory cycles. The method includes (a) connecting the conduit with an open end of an endotracheal tube positioned within the trachea so that the open end leads into the airway below the vocal cords, (b) repetitively cycling the respiration assembly so that during the inhalation phase, gas in the inhalation passage flows through the endotracheal tube and into the airway, and during the exhalation phase, an exhalation valve is maintained relatively closed and the exhaled gases flow pass the vocal cords and out of the mouth thereby facilitating the patient's ability to speak, and (c) monitoring ring the pressure within at least one of the passages during both phases for determining the pressure within the patient for use in operating the ventilator assembly.

A mechanical inexsufflation device employs a ventilator for generating airflow under positive pressure, a first airflow channel connected to the ventilator, a first gate operative to selectively open or obstruct airflow through the first airflow channel, and a source of negative pressure airflow. The source of negative pressure gas flow may generate negative pressure simultaneously with the generation of airflow under positive pressure by the ventilator. A second gas flow channel connected to the source of negative pressure gas includes a second gate that may selectively open or obstruct gas flow through the second gas flow channel. A control unit operates to open or close the first and second gates in a mutually reciprocal and opposite manner. A patient interface unit conducts airflow to and from a patient's lungs according to the settings of the gates.

A method and an apparatus for monitoring and controlling flows in medical equipment including an anesthetic machine and a ventilator for influencing a patient's respiratory system are disclosed. The apparatus comprises a microprocessor and an airway system comprising drive gas conduits provided with an inhalation valve (2) and an exhalation valve (5) for gas discharging as well as a ventilator end flow sensor (3) for measuring the introduced or discharged drive gas flow through the valves. The airway system also comprises patient end breathing tubing in which a patient end flow sensor (11) for measuring the patient's inspired and expired gas flow is provided. By comparing the measured values of the two flow sensors against the characteristic curve of the inhalation valve (2), the microprocessor can judge the operation states and accuracy of the respective flow sensors and the inhalation valve (2).

A method and system for detecting an ineffective effort of a patient being mechanically ventilated by a ventilator comprises (i) monitoring a respiratory flow of air of the patient after said ventilator has cycled; (ii) creating a signal indicative of said flow; (iii) removing artefact from said signal; (iv) monitoring said signal for perturbations; and (v) determining that an ineffective effort has occurred when said perturbation is significant.

Method and apparatus for controlling a ventilator are described. The invention can be used to control mechanical ventilators as well as respiratory assist devices such as CPAP machines. The apparatus receives input data indicative of patient's oxygen level. A controller determines PEEP, or CPAP, and FIO2, on the basis of data indicative of the patient's oxygen level. In an alternative embodiment, the apparatus further receives input data indicative of patient's carbon dioxide levels, respiratory elastance and airway resistance, and barometric pressure. The controller further utilizes the said input data to determine the optimal values of tidal volume and breathing frequency for a next breath of the patient, and uses the respiratory elastance and airway resistance data to determine any necessary adjustments in the I:E ratio. The controller also applies safety rules, detects and corrects artifacts, and generates warning signals when needed.

A coupling for connecting an air supply to a respiratory support device has a latching mechanism which prevents the coupling from inadvertently axially displacing from the respiratory support device after they have been mated in a pneumatically discrete path. Non-axial forces are used to disengage the coupling from the respiratory support device. The coupling may include a trailing end adapter which permits rotation of the coupling relative to the air supply rather than to the respiratory support device.

A ventilator (10) that pressurizes gas from a body of gas to provide a flow of gas to an airway of a subject (14) such that the gas flow mechanically facilitates the respiration of the subject (14). In order to enhance the comfort of the subject (14) during ventilation by the ventilator (10), the ventilator (10) enables the subject (14) to make unsupervised adjustments to one or more of the properties of the gas flow, within predetermined limits.

A respiratory treatment apparatus configured to provide a flow of breathable gas to a patient, including a breathable air outlet, an outside air inlet, and an pneumatic block module, wherein the pneumatic block module includes: a volute assembly including an inlet air passage, a mount for a blower and an outlet air passage; the blower being mounted in the mount such that an impeller of the blower is in a flow passage connecting the inlet air passage and the outlet air passage; a casing enclosing the volute assembly, wherein air passages within the casing connect air ports on the volute assembly, wherein the inlet air passage of the volute assembly is in fluid communication with the outside air inlet and the outlet air passage of the volute assembly is in fluid communication with the air outlet.

A ventilator or fluid delivery system that provides a flow of gas to an airway of a user. The ventilator includes a source of gas (30, 32), a conduit (63, 65, 42) that carries the flow of gas to the airway of a patient, a first valve (38, 40) that controls a pressure, flow, or volume, of the flow of gas, a pressure sensor (46) operatively coupled to the conduit between the valve and the patient and adapted to monitor a pressure of the gas in the conduit, and a controller (50) adapted to control the valve based on an output of the pressure sensor The ventilator further includes a restrictor (62) provided in the conduit between the pressure sensor and the patient. The restrictor, in essence, divides the fluid delivery system such that a first volume is defined in the conduit between the valve and the restrictor and a second volume is defined in the conduit between the patient and the restrictor, wherein the first volume is less than the second volume. The control system controls the pressure, flow, or volume relative to the first volume so that an accurate, fast, and stable control of the pressure, flow, or volume is achieved.

The present invention relates to closed catheter suction systems used to aspirate secretions from the trachea of a patient and to rinse the catheter after such aspiration. The apparatus comprises a flexible suction catheter encased within a sheath that is fixed to a vacuum source at its proximal end and extendable through an adapter assembly at its distal end, near the patient. The adapter assembly connects the closed catheter suction system to a patient connector, and a suction control valve at the proximal end operates to aspirate secretions and to rinse the catheter. The closed catheter suction system also includes a lavage port and a rinse port, the latter of which is positioned near the distal end and is isolated from the ventilation circuit through the innovative use of a rinse chamber and a one-way valve. Advantageously, the lavage port is positioned near the proximal end, away from the patient, so as to prevent the accidental leakage of lavage into the ventilation circuit. Further, both the lavage port and the rinse port include a self-closing fill-valve that prevents the accidental loss of ventilator volume and which also prevents the discharge of infectious pathogens to the surrounding environment throughout the aspiration and rinse procedures.

PCT No. PCT / CA95 / 00144 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 6, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 6, 1997 PCT Filed Mar. 15, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO95 / 24936 PCT Pub. Date Sep. 21, 1995The flow of a biological fluid to an organ is computer controlled so that natural variation of such flow is simulated. Specifically described are control of a blood pump flow output during CPB to mimic normal pulsatile blood flow from the heart and control of a ventilator output To mimic normal breathing of healthy lungs. A pattern of variation over Time of instantaneous flow of a biological fluid to an organ of a mammalian species is established, a variable control parameter for regulation of flow of the biological fluid to the organ is generated in accordance with the pattern, and the flow of biological fluid is to the organ is controlled in accordance with the variable control parameter.

A ventilator for use by a clinician in supporting a patient presenting pulmonary distress. A controller with a touch-screen display operates a positive or negative pressure gas source that communicates with the intubated or negative pressure configured patient through valved supply and exhaust ports. A variety of peripheral, central, and / or supply / exhaust port positioned sensors may be included to measure pressure, volumetric flow rate, gas concentration, transducer, and chest wall breathing work. Innovative modules and routines are incorporated into the controller module enabling hybrid, self-adjusting ventilation protocols and models that are compatible with nearly every conceivable known, contemplated, and prospective technique, and which establish rigorous controls configured to rapidly adapt to even small patient responses with great precision so as to maximize ventilation and recruitment while minimizing risks of injury, atelectasis, and prolonged ventilator days.

The invention provides an improved ventilation method and method for controlling a ventilator apparatus in accordance with same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of controlling a ventilator apparatus comprising the steps of placing a ventilator in a mode capable of adjusting airway pressure (P) and time (T), monitoring expiratory gas flow, analyzing the expiratory gas flow over time (T) to establish an expiratory gas flow pattern, and setting and / or adjusting a low time (T2) based on the expiratory gas flow pattern. Alternatively, the present invention relates to a method of controlling a ventilator apparatus comprising the steps of placing a ventilator in a mode capable of adjusting airway pressure (P) and time (T), and setting a low airway pressure (P2) of substantially zero cmH2O.

An aircraft air-conditioning system provides ventilation, air-conditioning and fire protection for a below-deck stairwell and cargo hold that may be equipped with passenger sleeping compartment containers. An air mixing unit mixes fresh air and recycled air to supply mixed air through a first supply air main line (31) and a supply air unit (21) into the freight hold (4), and through a second supply air main line (32) into the stairwell (5). A trimming air unit (7A) provides hot bleed air from the aircraft engines into the mixed air supplied through the first and second supply air main lines (31, 32). An exhaust air line (11) extracts exhaust air from the freight hold (4), while an exhaust air supplemental line (15) extracts exhaust air from the stairwell (5), both of which are connected to an exhaust air main line with an exhaust air ventilator (16) that blows the exhaust air overboard. A bypass line (8) provides bypass air if needed for the demands of the ventilator (16). Regulating valves and non-return flap valves in the supply air line and in the exhaust air line regulate the flow of air and prevent back-flow. Temperature sensors are connected to a controller that regulates the temperature of the mixed supply air to achieve a comfortable temperature in the freight hold and in the stairwell. In the event of fire, the air valves are closed, to seal-off the freight hold (4) and prevent the spread of smoke into the stairwell or other ventilated areas.

Method and apparatus are described for determining respiratory system resistance (R) in a patient receiving gas from a ventilator. A negative pulse in the pressure and / or flow output of the ventilator during selected inflation cycles is generated and Paw, V dot and V are measured at a point (T0) near the beginning of the pulse, at a point (T1) near the trough of the negative pulse and at a point (T-1) preceding T0. The value of R is calculated from the difference between Paw. V dot and V at TO and at TI and where the change in patient generated pressure (Pmus) in the interval TO-TI is estimated by extrapolation from the different between Paw, V dot and V and T0 and at T-I, in accordance with Equation 8.

Ventilator systems include: (a) a mass flow controller; (b) a gas delivery valve in communication with the mass flow controller and configured to selectively dispense a plurality of different gases to a subject; (c) a first gas source in fluid communication with the gas delivery valve; (d) a second gas source in fluid communication with the gas delivery valve; (e) a first pressure sensor located upstream of the gas delivery valve; (f) a second pressure sensor located downstream of the gas delivery valve; and (g) a controller operatively associated with the first and second pressure sensors and the mass flow controller, the controller comprising computer program code that monitors the pressures measured by the first and second pressure sensors and automatically dynamically adjusts the flow rate of the mass flow controller.

A manual inexsufflator including a standard mechanical ventilator, a medical suction unit, and a piston-like sliding valve mechanism which connects a patient ventilation interface with either the ventilator or the suction unit. By sliding the valve mechanism in and out the user selectively connects the patient to either the ventilator, for purposes of insufflation, or the suction unit, for purposes of exsufflation. The ventilator may generate expiratory positive airway pressure between inexsufflation cycles.