409 results about "Controlled ventilation" patented technology

A method for controlling breathing gas flow of a ventilator for assisted or controlled ventilation of a patient as a function of a tracheobronchial airway pressure of the patient. A ventilator tube, such as a tracheal tube or tracheostomy tube, can be introduced into a trachea of the patient and subjected to the breathing gas, and has an inflatable cuff and at least one lumen that is continuous from a distal end of the tube to a proximal end of the tube. An apparatus detects an airway pressure, in which the tracheobronchial airway pressure is ascertained by continuous or intermittent detection and evaluation of an intra-cuff pressure prevailing in the cuff of the tube inserted into the trachea. The breathing gas flow of the ventilator is controlled as a function of the intra-cuff pressure detected.

An apparatus to measure cardiac output (Q) and other parameters such as alveolar ventilation (VA), minute CO₂ elimination from the lung (VCO₂ ), minute oxygen consumption (VO₂), oxygenated mixed venous partial pressure of CO₂, (PvCO₂-oxy), true mixed venous partial pressure of CO₂(PvCO₂), PaCO₂, mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO₂), pulmonary shunt, and anatomical dead space, consisting of: a) a breathing circuit with characteristics that: i. on exhalation, exhaled gas is kept substantially separate from inhaled gas; ii. oninhalation, when V_E is greater than FGS flow, the subject inhales FGS first and then inhales a gas that is substantially SGS, for the balance of inhalation; b) gas sensor means for monitoring gas concentrations at the patient-circuit interface c) a first gas set (FGS), and a second gas set (SGS), said second gas set which may comprise previously exhaled gases or exogenous gases or both d) a gas flow control means for controlling the rate of FGS flow into the breathing circuit e) means to identify phase of breathing, said means may consist of pressure sensors or analysis of signal generated by gas sensors or other means known to those skilled in the art; f) machine intelligence consisting of a computer or logic circuit capable of controlling the gas flow control means, receiving the output of the gas sensor means and means to identify phased of breathing, and performing the calculations for measuring cardiac output and other parameters as outlined in the disclosure.

A method and system for controlling ventilation in a welding helmet is provided. The invention may be adapted to a wide variety of system types, and may reduce or eliminate the need for a shroud or barrier around the head and neck of the welder, of the type used in PAPR systems. The airflow system includes forward and rearward air streams, directed onto the face of the welder, onto the top of the head of the welder, and toward the back of the head of the welder. The air streams help to cool the welder, provide a fresh source of air for breathing, and create a positive pressure system that reduces or excludes entrainment of contaminated external air into the forwardly directed air flow. Certain embodiments may include streams that are filtered, split or redirected via deflectors and conduits to achieve the aforementioned goals.

A totally integrated ventilation system is contained in the outside air inlet stream. The system samples and controls ventilation airflow as it enters a structure. An air valve connecting the outside air inlet stream to the return plenum is controlled by a valve positioning device and a processor that monitors sensors located in the outside air inlet stream, air quality data provided by a telecommunications link and the HVAC system control signals. The air quality data includes locally broadcast air pollution data or air quality alert data related to accidents or terrorist attacks. The processor and valve positioning device simultaneously control a separate pressure relief valve that allows contaminated air to be exhausted from the structure. An alternate configuration uses a supplemental fan to introduce the outside air inlet stream directly into the structure where HVAC systems are not used. A status and control panel that provides an interface to the occupants or an automation system is provided along with a test box that can monitor the processor to determine the total volume of ventilation air introduced into the structure. This test data is used to program processor timing inputs to achieve desired ventilation results.

In a demand control ventilation (DCV) system, ID codes of tags worn by occupants are detected in each room by a tag detector and wirelessly communicated to a zonal occupancy compiler. The zonal occupancy count arrived at by the compiler is transmitted to a DCV microprocessor, which interfaces with the ventilation controller of the building's HVAC system and sets the zonal ventilation rate based on the occupancy count and applicable ASHRAE standards.

The present invention relates to a catheter for ventilating a patient, with a ventilation channel for alternately delivering and removing air and/or oxygen to and from the patient's airways, the catheter having a maximum external diameter of at most 6 mm, mm, and the ventilation channel having an open end, and a connector end for connection to a gas flow reversing element. According to the invention, the catheter is provided with means or elements for measuring the pressure outside the ventilation channel near the open end. The catheter preferably has a pressure measurement channel, with an open measurement end near the open end of the ventilation channel, and a measurement connector piece for connecting a pressure display device. Of particular advantage is a catheter with an expansion body (cuff) that is fluidically connected to a supply channel through which the expansion body can be increased or reduced in size by means of a fluid. The jet ventilation catheter according to the invention permits a novel ventilation principle that can be regarded as a bridge between classical jet ventilation and conventional controlled ventilation and that opens up possibilities for new and improved interventions in the airways.

A tracheal tube ventilation apparatus to more effectively remove expired gases. In one preferred embodiment, one or more leak holes are created in the side walls of an endotracheal tube so that expired gases can leak out of the endotracheal tube above the larynx, such as into the back of the mouth (i.e., oropharynx). Each leak hole might advantageously have a diameter between 0.5 and 4.0 mm. In another preferred embodiment, a tube is attached to a proportionately larger leak hole (e.g., up to 8.0 mm) so that the expired gases can be directed away from the leak hole to a specific location, such as directed out of the mouth. In the case of mechanically controlled ventilation, a positive end expiratory pressure can be applied to this tube to mechanically assist with the process of exhaling. In each of these embodiments, it is preferred, but not required, that the endotracheal tube be an ultra-thin walled, two stage tube so as to further assist in the reduction of resistance to the flow of oxygen/air.

Construction features of roadbed are as follows: building vent-pipes perpendicular to direction of roadbed in certain depth of road embankment; installing ventilating units of automatic controlling temperature at end part of vent-pipe; setting up thermal-protection material between vent-pipes/entire up part of vent-pipes with earth material being covered and tamped. The said automatic controlling ventilating units carries out heat exchange between inside roadbed and airflow in low temperature outside. The thermal-protection material protects ever frost effectively. Thus, the invention prevents frost heave and thaw collapse caused by season change so as to keep stability of roadbed in high level. The invention solves issue of carrying construction in zone of frozen earth.

A safety device for controlling ventilation of a vehicle compartment. The safety device is mounted in a vehicle with electric windows, including: a power supply connected with a motor for driving the electric window; a controlling circuit connected with the power supply; and a thermal sensor disposed in the compartment of the vehicle and connected with the controlling circuit. The thermal sensor serves to sense the temperature in the compartment and transmit signals to the controlling circuit. In the case that the temperature in the compartment reaches a certain value, the controlling circuit powers on the power supply to activate the motor for opening the window. Therefore, the compartment is ventilated and the temperature of the compartment can be lowered.

Method for controlling an air conditioning system including the steps of measuring a Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) according to thermal environmental parameters of a room, performing a first air conditioning mode if the PMV falls outside of a preset allowable range, for controlling an air flow speed and a room temperature, and performing a second air conditioning mode if the PMV falls within the allowable range, for controlling ventilation and air cleaning operation, whereby improving the IAQ (Indoor Air Quality) further by enhancing the PPIS by performing air conditioning so that the PMV reaches to an optimum range, and then, by generating active materials (oxygen/terpene).

The invention discloses a fuzzy-control-based method for controlling ventilation of tunnels, which is characterized in that a first fuzzy controller and a second fuzzy controller respectively output a first blower quantity value and a second blower quantity value, the number of blowers which need to be turned on is obtained by choosing the bigger one of the first blower quantity value and the second blower quantity value; the input quantity of the first fuzzy controller is the current concentration of carbon monoxide and the current concentration increment thereof; the input quantity of the second fuzzy controller is the current smoke concentration and the current smoke concentration increment. The method of the invention does not depend on mathematical modeling of the controlled object and can realize intelligent control of tunnel ventilation based on the fuzzy control.

An energy recovery ventilation system is described which allows for continuous fan speed control through pulse width modulation of direct current fans. The energy recovery ventilation described is capable of fine motor speed control without the disadvantages of high noise, low efficiency and a fixed number of speeds present in commonly-used speed-varying techniques used with alternating current (AC) fans. This may be accomplished through the use of direct current (DC) fans and pulse width modulation. A controller is used to optimize the ventilation and energy efficiency of the system through the use of several temperature sensors. The energy recovery ventilation also provides a control process for self-optimization of the energy recovery ventilation, in case the supply and exhaust airflows are unequal. An unbalance may be detected by calculating the thermal efficiencies of the exhaust and supply airflows.

A device and apparatus is disclosed for coupling to a conduit, and a method to prevent a pressure within at least a portion of the conduit from increasing above a predetermined value. The device comprises a vent having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. The vent is selectively actuable between a first closed configuration and a second vent configuration in which there is fluid communication between a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet to thereby vent a fluid. The device also comprises a controller connectable to a hydraulic supply to control selective actuation of the vent. The controller comprises a first surface exposed to fluid from the hydraulic supply and a second surface exposed to fluid from the conduit. The first and second surfaces are arranged such that the vent is actuable into the second vent configuration when the pressure within the conduit increases above the predetermined value.

In a vehicular air conditioning apparatus, a first blower unit is connected by a connection duct to a side portion of a casing constituted by respective air passages. On a lower portion of the casing, the first blower unit is connected together with a second blower unit. As a result of a controller controlling driving of an ventilation switching damper, based on a load voltage to a second blower fan of the second blower unit, a first front passage and a first rear passage are placed in communication, whereby a portion of the air from the first blower unit passes through the first front passage, a communication opening, and the first rear passage, and is supplied to a second cooling section of an evaporator, such that when the second blower fan is rotated at a low speed, freezing of water droplets in the second cooling section is avoided.

A ventilator provides breathing support to a patient in an EMG controlled mode, and has an input that receives an EMG signal representative of breathing activity from the patient and a control unit for controlling the ventilation in dependence of said EMG signal. The ventilator has a registration unit that registers the actual breathing support provided from the ventilator to the patient, and the control unit determines if there is asynchrony between the EMG signal and the breathing activity and, in case of asynchrony, causes a switch from EMG controlled ventilation to a second ventilation mode not dependent on the EMG signal. If synchrony is detected the ventilator can return to EMG controlled ventilation.

The invention provides a method to reduce the thermal energy used in a commercial building by use of thermal parameters which are derived from readily-available data both internal and external to the building. By deriving a statistical relationship for each of the OFVR—Overnight Forced Ventilation Rate—and DFAR—day-time forced air replacement—, based on the weather forecast, the invention provides controlling the time and duration for which the mechanical cooling system is to be turned off or disabled from supplying chilled water to the ventilation system, which in turn, supplies tempered fresh air to some of all of a selected commercial building.

The present invention provides for an electronic control system for an adjustable kitchen island having a cooking surface and a vent hood, an island height control for controlling the height of the adjustable kitchen island and a vent hood control for controlling the position of the vent hood over the cooking surface. The vent hood is laterally adjustable between extended and retracted positions, and is height adjustable between raised and lowered positions.

A climate control system is provided with a control vent unit that a driver may adjust for a desired direction of airflow. After the driver does so, a control system automatically and/or simultaneously adjusts the position of the remaining vents so as to direct respective air flow to substantially the same location in the vehicle. Preferably, a similar control vent is provided on the passenger side of the vehicle. Should a passenger adjust the passenger control vent unit, the control system will automatically and/or simultaneously adjust the remaining vents on the passenger side to direct the respective air flow to the selected position in the passenger side of the vehicle.

A system and method for advanced digital economization for an HVAC system having an economizer. A digital processing unit is configured to open a damper of an economizer within a dead-band range that allows for preemptive cooling prior to a call for cooling. This economization strategy allows for free cooling (outside air) without having to pay energy costs for cooled (air-conditioned) air. The system and method can be used with or without demand control ventilation (DCV). The method also includes a “self-learning” strategy with outside air and return air sensor to regularly sense past economizer damper modifications and average out recent readings to help set the dead-band range. The method can include the ability to work in conjunction with a variable supply fan speed control, provide fault detection, self-correct, auto-configure, and report system status.