This invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for intelligent identification of polar ice rinks, comprising a main body, a solar panel, control wings, a
propeller, and an observation cabin. The UAV is powered by
solar energy, enabling a long endurance. The control wings are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the main body, enabling ascent, descent, and steering. The
propeller provides propulsion, working in conjunction with the control wings to complete ascent, descent, and steering movements. The observation cabin incorporates multiple functional modules for ice rink identification, UAV and transport ship positioning,
data transmission, and status monitoring. Illumination warning lights are installed on the leading edges of the wings to facilitate ice rink identification and landing during polar night conditions. A method for intelligent identification of polar ice rinks using this UAV is also provided. This invention enables detailed and accurate observation of
sea ice morphology around shipping lanes, obtaining precise
sea ice data to aid polar transport ships in navigation, assist captains in decision-making, and reduce the risk of distress.