A method and system for screening and breeding plant varieties resistant to heavy metal stress

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of screening and breeding methods and systems of heavy metal stress-resistant plant varieties, method includes: at least based on heavy metal configuration scheme and / or different construction experimental group and control group of plant variety and cultivation;Obtain the anti-stress capacity parameter, heavy metal enrichment capacity parameter and comprehensive cost parameter of experimental group and control group in cultivation process;According to the above parameters of experimental group and control group, the comprehensive evaluation result corresponding to the heavy metal configuration scheme of experimental group is calculated;According to the comprehensive evaluation result of experimental group, at least one plant variety applied to target area is selected.The method and system of the present application can obtain the accurate quantification data of plant anti-stress capacity and heavy metal enrichment capacity under different heavy metal categories and content, can provide data support for the screening and configuration of plant varieties for multi-cycle management process, so as to realize the low-cost and high-efficiency heavy metal pollution remediation management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plant breeding, screening and cultivation technology, and in particular to a method and system for screening and cultivating plant varieties resistant to heavy metal stress. Background Technology

[0002] Industrial development is accompanied by pollution control and environmental governance, especially for industries prone to heavy metal pollution, such as heavy non-ferrous metal mining and beneficiation (copper, lead-zinc, nickel-cobalt, tin, antimony, and mercury mining and beneficiation), heavy non-ferrous metal smelting (copper, lead-zinc, nickel-cobalt, tin, antimony, and mercury smelting), lead-acid battery manufacturing, electroplating, chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing, and leather tanning and processing. Key heavy metal pollutants to be controlled in these industries include lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), thallium (Ti), and antimony (Sb). Waste gas, solid waste, and liquid waste generated from these industrial activities carry heavy metal pollutants and pollute water bodies, farmland, and other essential production and living environments closely related to human life, causing heavy metal pollutants to accumulate through the food chain and affect the health of plants and animals.

[0003] Existing technologies for treating heavy metal pollutants in water and soil include various physicochemical methods based on pollutant immobilization, filtration, ion exchange, and insoluble immobilization, as well as biological methods based on phytoaccumulation and removal. Physicochemical methods are mainly used to treat pollutants with high concentrations, but the required equipment is expensive and can easily cause secondary pollution, making them unsuitable for polluted areas with widespread medium to low concentrations, such as natural water bodies and farmland areas contaminated with heavy metals. Therefore, screening and cultivating plant varieties suitable for bioaccumulation and removal through genetic engineering, inducing substances, and program design to achieve the removal and treatment of heavy metal pollutants is of great significance for the treatment of natural water bodies and farmland areas with medium to low concentrations of heavy metals.

[0004] Phytoremediation of soil heavy metals is an environmental pollution control technology based on the theory that plants absorb, accumulate, metabolize, and transform certain heavy metal elements. It involves selecting and planting optimally selected plants to utilize the plants and their coexisting soil environment to remove, transfer, degrade, or fix harmful heavy metal elements in the soil, thereby restoring the normal function of the soil system. It boasts advantages such as low cost, environmental friendliness, thorough remediation, effective protection of soil structure and its biological components, and high practical application value. Commonly used methods for screening plants for chromium remediation in soil include field surveys, special plant methods, and soil seed banks. However, these methods suffer from poor controllability, complex screening processes, long experimental cycles, and high economic costs.

[0005] In the prior art, patent CN105961385A discloses a novel use of tea polyphenols to promote the germination of corn seeds under heavy metal stress, as well as a seed soaking solution and germination method. Patent CN114467541A discloses the application of dopamine in improving plant resistance to heavy metal stress. The solutions in these patents use inducing substances containing tea polyphenols or dopamine to apply soaking or irrigation to plant seeds or tissues, thereby enhancing the plant's ability to resist heavy metal stress during germination and growth. However, the target plant varieties for these solutions are mainly economic crops, and the inducing substances are primarily used to enhance stress resistance to improve crop growth, but their ability to remediate soil pollution is very limited.

[0006] Patent CN101731085A discloses a method for screening energy crop varieties suitable for planting in areas contaminated with heavy metals. The method includes the following steps: (1) planting energy crops in areas contaminated with heavy metals; (2) measuring the plant height, plant diameter, and sucrose content of the crops every 2-3 months; (3) measuring the yield of the screened energy crops; (4) measuring the fermentable sugar content in the energy crops; (5) measuring the heavy metal content of the energy crops; (6) fermenting the energy crops and calculating the sugar conversion rate and fermentation rate of the energy crops by measuring the residual sugar content and ethanol content; (7) comparing and analyzing the data measured in the above steps to screen out energy crop varieties suitable for planting in areas contaminated with heavy metals. Patent CN105797969A discloses a method for screening plants for soil heavy metal chromium remediation. The method includes the following steps: preliminary screening and determination of remediation plants, field planting and potted field planting of remediation plants, field experimental setup and rapid detection of soil heavy metal content using portable instruments, sample collection, preparation and laboratory traditional chemical method detection, and screening and determination of remediation plants. The technical solution of the above patent screens plant varieties suitable for soil heavy metal bioremediation through control experiments of several plant varieties. However, the screening process mainly considers the changes in heavy metals in soil and plants, without incorporating crop growth cycle, crop enrichment concentration change pattern and treatment cost into the screening evaluation criteria.

[0007] Based on the above analysis, existing technologies for plant variety screening and cultivation based on inducing substances or program design mainly fall into two categories: First, screening or cultivating economic crop varieties with resistance to heavy metal stress and low heavy metal accumulation based on inducing substances or program design, to achieve large-scale agricultural planting in polluted areas and ensure that product indicators are within safe ranges; Second, screening or cultivating pollution remediation varieties with resistance to heavy metal stress and high heavy metal accumulation based on inducing substances or program design, to be planted in polluted areas for several cycles to achieve the bio-extraction and transfer of metal pollutants. Especially considering that the heavy metal composition of the area to be treated continuously changes during the remediation process, how to achieve intercropping or alternating planting of multiple plant varieties based on predicted or measured parameters of heavy metal composition is of great significance for improving the efficiency and quality of heavy metal pollution remediation.

[0008] Therefore, the selection and cultivation program needs to comprehensively evaluate the selected plant varieties based on the climatic and environmental characteristics of the target area for heavy metal pollution control in order to fully consider the application effect of the plant varieties. The comprehensive evaluation may include various evaluation indicators such as stress resistance, heavy metal accumulation capacity, accumulation cycle, and comprehensive cost. Based on the above evaluation results, a database of plant varieties’ resistance to heavy metal stress and heavy metal accumulation capacity can be established, thereby obtaining low-cost and high-efficiency plant varieties suitable for the target area for heavy metal pollution control.

[0009] Furthermore, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding among those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the inventors studied a large number of documents and patents when making this invention, but due to space limitations, not all details and contents were listed in detail. However, this does not mean that the present invention does not possess the features of these prior art. On the contrary, the present invention already possesses all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0010] Screening for hyperaccumulating heavy metal plant varieties for ecological restoration of sites heavily polluted by industrial and mining activities is a common technical approach in the existing field. This screening process typically employs multiple varieties corresponding to different soil heavy metal concentrations. For example, patent document CN105750212A discloses a method for screening hyperaccumulating heavy metal plant varieties. This method includes several steps: setting a screening standard concentration, selecting initial screening plant varieties, and screening for hyperaccumulating heavy metal plant varieties. Seeds of each pre-treated initial screening plant variety are sown in multiple soil samples with different heavy metal concentrations and field-managed until they grow into plants. The heavy metal content of each soil sample, as well as the heavy metal content in the roots and aboveground parts of the corresponding plant, are then measured. This technical solution requires setting multiple test concentrations and then selecting based on the half-lethal concentration to determine the baseline concentration that the plant can tolerate, thus ultimately obtaining the standard concentration. However, the screening method in this technical solution can only screen varieties with strong hyperaccumulation capacity under a single environment. This assumes that the plant seeds can germinate under heavy metal stress and maintain a stable heavy metal adsorption capacity throughout their entire life cycle. This differs significantly from the actual adsorption capacity of hyperaccumulating heavy metal plant varieties to dynamic changes in heavy metals. In reality, when plant seeds germinate under heavy metal stress, they may exhibit different germination and growth states. For example, seeds may not germinate; or after germination, root growth may be inhibited in the following days due to the large amount of heavy metals absorbed, ultimately failing to achieve a complete heavy metal accumulation growth cycle; or the seeds may germinate with relatively normal root and stem / leaf growth, thus achieving a complete heavy metal accumulation growth cycle. Therefore, relying solely on screening plant varieties during the bud stage, when plants are highly sensitive to heavy metals, cannot achieve the technical effect of effectively treating different polluted areas throughout the entire plant growth cycle. To address at least some of the shortcomings of the existing technology, this invention provides a method for screening and cultivating heavy metal-resistant plant varieties, comprising the following steps:

[0011] Experimental and control groups were constructed and cultured based on at least different heavy metal configuration schemes and / or plant varieties;

[0012] During the cultivation process, parameters of stress resistance, heavy metal enrichment capacity, and overall cost were obtained for the experimental and control groups.

[0013] The comprehensive evaluation results of the experimental group corresponding to the heavy metal configuration scheme were calculated based on the stress resistance parameters, heavy metal enrichment parameters, and comprehensive cost parameters of the experimental group and the control group.

[0014] Based on the comprehensive evaluation results of the experimental group, at least one plant variety was selected for application in the target area.

[0015] To obtain plant varieties that can adapt to planting target areas containing different heavy metals, existing technologies have developed technical solutions to determine plant varieties for specific planting target areas by conducting full-cycle growth evaluations of selected plant varieties. For example, patent document CN115643981A discloses a method for screening varieties of locally hyperaccumulating heavy metals plants. When the selected plant survives, the heavy metal content in its aboveground parts is higher than that in its roots, the concentration of substances in its aboveground parts is higher than that in its roots, and the heavy metal content in the soil before treatment is higher than that after treatment, the plant variety is determined to be a hyperaccumulating heavy metal plant. However, this technical approach relies solely on the absolute change in heavy metal content during plant cultivation to evaluate its heavy metal accumulation capacity. It fails to consider other planting factors that also influence the remediation of the target area, such as crop growth cycle, the pattern of heavy metal accumulation concentration changes, and remediation costs. Plant varieties obtained using this approach can only ensure normal growth in environments with specific types of heavy metal pollution; they cannot guarantee the same planting results when planting methods or cycles change. For example, the accumulation concentration in plant roots increases with the plant's growth cycle, leading to a decrease in its subsequent accumulation capacity for specific types of heavy metals. Therefore, accurate and comprehensive evaluation of plant variety selection is crucial for achieving effective heavy metal pollution remediation. Existing technologies for screening plant varieties that hyperaccumulate heavy metals mainly rely on the relative or absolute changes in heavy metal content in plants or culture media, while rarely incorporating factors such as crop growth cycle, crop accumulation concentration variation patterns, and remediation costs into the screening and evaluation criteria. In particular, given the significant differences in stress resistance and heavy metal accumulation capacity among different plant varieties under varying heavy metal categories and concentrations, multi-cycle pollution remediation processes in different polluted areas require intercropping or alternating planting of different plant varieties to achieve low-cost and high-efficiency remediation of areas polluted by different heavy metal categories and concentrations.

[0016] Therefore, compared with the prior art, the screening and cultivation method of the present invention has several experimental groups and several control groups based on different configurations of candidate plants and heavy metal configuration schemes. The different heavy metal configuration schemes can manifest as different heavy metal categories or different heavy metal concentrations. Based on the above distinguishing technical features, the problem to be solved by the present invention can include: how to improve the comprehensiveness of the overall evaluation results of plant variety screening. Specifically, for the same plant species, the comparison between several experimental groups is mainly used to reflect the plant's heavy metal accumulation capacity under different heavy metal configuration schemes, and the comparison between the experimental group and the control group is mainly used to reflect the plant's resistance to heavy metal stress under different heavy metal configuration schemes. The experimental groups and control groups are cultivated under artificial or natural cultivation conditions, and the light, precipitation, and temperature environment of the several experimental groups and control groups during the cultivation process are kept consistent to ensure the accuracy of the control experiment. In existing plant variety selection processes, the plant's resistance to heavy metal stress is qualitatively evaluated only through the germination status of seeds. Furthermore, the impact of the plant's resistance to heavy metal stress during its growth period on integrated remediation cannot be qualitatively or quantitatively analyzed. Consequently, the plant's resistance to heavy metal stress cannot be incorporated into the overall plant variety selection process, resulting in selected plant varieties that cannot achieve more efficient heavy metal pollution remediation. In contrast, the heavy metal stress resistance parameters of this invention can be quantified using plant growth status data, specifically including germination data, characteristic bioaccumulation at the same growth time, and characteristic growth time at the same bioaccumulation. Heavy metal accumulation parameters can be quantified by the accumulation per unit mass of plant at each growth stage, the accumulation per unit plant, and the variation in content in the soil water used for plant cultivation. The comprehensive cost parameters include seed cost, management cost, and transportation and processing cost.

[0017] The above-mentioned parameters of resistance to heavy metal stress, heavy metal accumulation capacity, and comprehensive cost are taken into consideration to obtain a comprehensive evaluation result. The comprehensive evaluation result can be reflected by a comprehensive score or comprehensive grade, or the comprehensive evaluation result can be formed into chart data. The chart data is used to show the ranking characteristics and specific data of plant stress resistance, heavy metal accumulation capacity, and comprehensive cost parameters under different heavy metal configuration schemes. This allows one or more plants selected based on the comprehensive evaluation result to be suitable for intercropping or alternating planting for several cultivation cycles to achieve low-cost and high-efficiency remediation of heavy metal pollution.

[0018] Preferably, experimental and control groups are constructed and cultured based on different heavy metal configuration schemes and / or plant varieties, including:

[0019] Several experimental groups were constructed based on different heavy metal configurations and different plant varieties, and several control groups were constructed based on different plant varieties.

[0020] Several experimental groups and several control groups were planted in culture containers arranged in the target area;

[0021] The experimental and control groups were cultured under natural and / or artificial culture conditions implemented in the target area.

[0022] In addition, for the same plant variety, different soil and water substrates with different heavy metal configurations were used between several experimental groups and between the experimental groups and the corresponding control groups.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the screening and cultivation scheme of the present invention can perform cultivation of experimental and control groups in the target area to be repaired. Several experimental and control groups are planted in cultivation containers arranged in the target area, and cultivated under the same cultivation conditions in the target area. Based on the above distinguishing technical features, the problem to be solved by the present invention can include: how to ensure effective variable control in the screening and cultivation process. Specifically, for the same plant species, the present invention can set up several experimental groups, with the experimental groups using a soil and water substrate containing heavy metals. The number of experimental groups is determined according to the number of heavy metal configuration schemes, for example, it can be an integer multiple of the number of heavy metal configuration schemes. At least one control group is set up for the same plant species, using a soil and water substrate that does not contain heavy metals or whose heavy metal content is within the natural background range. To achieve variable control of the experimental and control groups, both experimental and control groups are cultivated in the target area or a simulated target area's climatic environment, thereby ensuring that the experimental and control groups only have two variables: plant variety and heavy metal configuration scheme. With the above-described configuration, the culture container of the present invention can be used to isolate the influence of the soil in the target area on the plant growing environment, so that several experimental groups and control groups receive the same natural or artificial culture conditions in the target area. This ensures that the culture conditions for the same plant are consistent in terms of environmental temperature, rainfall, light, etc., except for the heavy metal configuration scheme, thereby ensuring the accuracy of parameter control in the screening process and improving the effectiveness of screening plant varieties and corresponding heavy metal configuration schemes.

[0024] Preferably, obtaining stress resistance parameters for the experimental and control groups during cultivation includes: collecting at least one or more of the germination survival rate, characteristic growth time, and characteristic biomass of the experimental and control plants and calculating the stress resistance parameters. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can calculate stress resistance parameters using the characteristic parameters of different plants. Based on the above-mentioned distinguishing technical features, the problem to be solved by the present invention may include: how to accurately assess the stress resistance performance of different plants to different concentrations of heavy metals. Further, the calculation of the stress resistance parameters of the experimental group is performed by comparing the germination survival rate, characteristic growth time, and characteristic biomass of the experimental group with those of the control group to obtain several characteristic ratios for calculating the stress resistance parameters. Further, obtaining the characteristic ratios of germination survival rate, characteristic growth time, and characteristic biomass is performed by adjusting the comparison relationship between the experimental and control groups to control the characteristic ratios to be positively correlated with the stress resistance parameters. The calculation of stress resistance parameters can be implemented by weighted summation of several characteristic ratios. Furthermore, the characteristic ratio is adjusted by modifying the comparison between the experimental and control groups to ensure a positive correlation between the characteristic ratio and the stress resistance parameter. Furthermore, this invention allows for the setting of several culture containers in each experimental or control group, or several plants in one culture container, based on the morphological size of the plant variety and the size of the culture container. This ensures that the germination survival rate, characteristic growth time, and characteristic biomass are averaged across the various culture containers or plants, thereby improving the accuracy of the plant characteristic parameters obtained from different groups.

[0025] Preferably, obtaining heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters for the experimental and control groups during cultivation includes: collecting at least one or more of the following parameters from the experimental group plants under the corresponding heavy metal configuration: heavy metal accumulation category, heavy metal accumulation concentration, and heavy metal accumulation per plant. Further, collecting the heavy metal accumulation category, heavy metal accumulation concentration, and heavy metal accumulation per plant from the experimental group plants at characteristic time or characteristic biomass states, and obtaining heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters for the plants under the corresponding heavy metal configuration based on these parameters.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can obtain heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters of experimental and control groups during cultivation. Based on the above-mentioned distinguishing technical features, the problem to be solved by the present invention may include: how to accurately evaluate the heavy metal accumulation performance of different candidate plants for different concentrations of heavy metal content. Further, obtaining the heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters of plants under the corresponding heavy metal configuration scheme includes: calculating several first ratios between the heavy metal accumulation amount of different heavy metal accumulation categories and the heavy metal content of the corresponding heavy metal category in the heavy metal configuration scheme, and using the sum of the several first ratios and a second ratio to the number of heavy metal categories in the heavy metal configuration scheme as the heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters of the experimental group plants under the heavy metal configuration scheme.

[0027] Alternatively, data charts can be created based on the heavy metal accumulation categories and amounts in the experimental group plants under corresponding heavy metal configurations. For example, a coordinate system can be constructed with heavy metal category as the x-axis and heavy metal content as the y-axis. The heavy metal accumulation categories, heavy metal accumulation contents, and the heavy metal categories and contents in the corresponding heavy metal configurations can then be plotted on the coordinate system to form line graphs or curves. The heavy metal accumulation capacity parameter is determined by the ratio of the area enclosed by the line / curve formed by the heavy metal accumulation content relative to the x-axis to the area enclosed by the line / curve formed by the heavy metal content in the heavy metal configuration relative to the x-axis. Specifically, the heavy metal accumulation capacity parameter is used to evaluate the absolute or relative accumulation values ​​of candidate plants for different types of heavy metals and different heavy metal concentrations. Hyperaccumulating plants often have a strong accumulation capacity for one or more heavy metals, and their accumulation capacity at different concentrations varies based on their stress resistance performance. Therefore, by using heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters to reflect the absolute and relative accumulation capacity of plants for different heavy metal categories and contents, a heavy metal accumulation capacity evaluation table or data chart of plants can be established, thereby achieving an accurate and intuitive assessment of the heavy metal accumulation performance of different candidate plants for different concentrations of heavy metal contents.

[0028] Preferably, obtaining the comprehensive cost parameters for the experimental and control groups during the cultivation process includes: collecting at least one or more of the following: crop cost per unit area, management cost per unit area, and transfer cost per unit area to calculate the comprehensive cost parameters. These costs vary primarily depending on the plant variety. For example, different plant varieties require different planting densities and have different growth dimensions, resulting in differences in the number of crops per unit area, the frequency of crop management, and the amount of crop bioaccumulation per unit area. This leads to differences in crop cost per unit area, management cost per unit area, and transfer cost per unit area; therefore, the comprehensive cost parameters are mainly related to the plant variety.

[0029] Preferably, the comprehensive evaluation results corresponding to the heavy metal configuration schemes for the experimental groups are calculated based on the stress resistance parameters, heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters, and comprehensive cost parameters of the experimental and control groups. This includes: weighted summation of the stress resistance parameters, heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters, and comprehensive cost parameters to calculate the comprehensive score and / or comprehensive grade corresponding to the comprehensive evaluation results. Alternatively, the comprehensive evaluation results can also be presented as data charts composed of the stress resistance parameters, heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters, and comprehensive cost parameters of the experimental groups. This involves visually displaying the ranking characteristics and parameter data of the plant stress resistance parameters, heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters, and comprehensive cost parameters under different heavy metal configuration schemes.

[0030] Preferably, at least one plant variety is selected for application in the target area based on the comprehensive evaluation results of the experimental group. This includes selecting one or more plants to be planted in the target area for several cultivation cycles based on the comprehensive evaluation results of the plants in the experimental group, the heavy metal configuration scheme in the target area, and the expected change pattern of the heavy metal configuration scheme in several cultivation cycles. This ensures that the plants planted in the target area for several cultivation cycles can cover the main heavy metal pollutants in the target area by enriching them, and achieves economical and efficient heavy metal pollution control through the selection and configuration of plant varieties.

[0031] Preferably, the present invention also provides a screening and cultivation system for plant varieties resistant to heavy metal stress. The system is used to perform the above-described screening and cultivation method. The system includes: an experimental cultivation module, which constructs and cultivates experimental groups and control groups based on at least different heavy metal configuration schemes and / or plant varieties; a monitoring and acquisition module, which acquires stress resistance parameters, heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters, and comprehensive cost parameters of the experimental groups and control groups during the cultivation process; a calculation and analysis module, which calculates the comprehensive evaluation results of the experimental groups corresponding to the heavy metal configuration schemes based on the stress resistance parameters, heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters, and comprehensive cost parameters of the experimental groups and control groups; and a screening and configuration module, which selects at least one plant variety applicable to the target area based on the comprehensive evaluation results of the experimental groups. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method steps according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system functional connections according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] List of reference numerals

[0035] 100: Experimental culture module; 200: Monitoring and data acquisition module; 300: Calculation and analysis module; 400: Screening and configuration module. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Any orientation specified in this invention is provided for the reader's convenience only and does not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the invention.

[0037] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] This invention provides a method and system for screening and cultivating plant varieties, particularly a method and system for screening and cultivating plant varieties resistant to heavy metal stress, belonging to the field of plant breeding screening and cultivation technology. In existing technologies, the screening and cultivation of plant varieties with good resistance to heavy metal stress and controlled heavy metal accumulation from existing local plants, transplanted plants, or newly bred plants is mostly based on direct comparisons of the final products or only on comparisons of the changes in heavy metal content in the soil or plants. However, the stress resistance and heavy metal accumulation capacity of plant varieties are not effectively quantified and linked to the overall planting cost. Especially when the stress resistance and heavy metal accumulation capacity of different plant varieties vary significantly under different heavy metal categories and contents, multi-cycle pollution remediation processes in different polluted areas require intercropping or alternating planting of different plant varieties to achieve a low-cost, high-efficiency remediation process for areas polluted by different heavy metal categories and contents.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the screening and cultivation method of the present invention includes: S1: constructing experimental groups and control groups based on at least different heavy metal configuration schemes and / or plant varieties and cultivating them; S2: obtaining stress resistance parameters, heavy metal enrichment parameters, and comprehensive cost parameters of the experimental groups and control groups during the cultivation process; S3: calculating the comprehensive evaluation results of the experimental groups corresponding to the heavy metal configuration schemes based on the stress resistance parameters, heavy metal enrichment parameters, and comprehensive cost parameters of the experimental groups and control groups; S4: selecting at least one plant variety applicable to the target area based on the comprehensive evaluation results of the experimental groups.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in order to accurately collect the stress resistance and heavy metal accumulation capacity of different plants, the screening and cultivation method of the present invention constructs several experimental groups and several control groups based on several control parameters. The control parameters include heavy metal configuration schemes and plant varieties. Thus, the screening and cultivation method of the present invention can construct several experimental groups based on different heavy metal configuration schemes and different plant varieties, and construct several control groups based on different plant varieties.

[0041] Specifically, different heavy metal configuration schemes include different heavy metal categories and heavy metal contents. The heavy metal categories and corresponding heavy metal contents can be obtained based on the collection information of different pollution areas in the local area, or by sampling and collecting soil and water bodies in the target area and using them as culture media for plants.

[0042] Regarding the specific setup of the experimental and control groups, several experimental groups were constructed based on different heavy metal configuration schemes and different plant varieties. These included: for specific target areas where the heavy metal categories were already determined, different heavy metal configuration schemes were configured for different varieties of candidate plants. The different heavy metal configuration schemes primarily involved the same heavy metal categories but different heavy metal contents among the experimental groups. Alternatively, for several target areas with different heavy metal categories, different heavy metal configuration schemes were configured for different varieties of candidate plants. The different heavy metal configuration schemes primarily involved different heavy metal categories and / or heavy metal contents among the experimental groups. Several control groups were constructed based on different plant varieties. These control groups were placed in several culture containers and provided with soil and water bodies free of heavy metals or with heavy metal contents within the natural background range as the culture medium. This ensured that the control groups and experimental groups were under the same artificial or natural culture conditions with the same light, temperature, and climate. "Heavy metals within the natural background range" refers to the types and background levels of heavy metals contained in soil and water bodies under natural conditions. Heavy metal elements at background levels can serve as trace elements required for plant growth.

[0043] The different experimental groups were mainly used to investigate the stress resistance and heavy metal accumulation performance of the selected plants to different concentrations of heavy metals. Stress resistance can be quantified by stress tolerance, specifically characterized by plant growth data, such as bioaccumulation at characteristic time points or growth time at characteristic bioaccumulation levels. Bioaccumulation refers to the accumulation of certain elements or recalcitrant compounds from the surrounding environment by organisms throughout their metabolically active period through various processes such as absorption, adsorption, and ingestion, which then accumulate as the organism grows and develops. Concentration coefficientThe phenomenon of continuous increase refers to the amount of specific elements or compounds accumulated by organisms, which is called bioaccumulation. Heavy metal accumulation can be quantified by its accumulation capacity, which can be characterized by the accumulation amount during plant growth or the variation in soil content. This includes the accumulation per unit mass of plant at each growth stage, the accumulation per unit plant, and the variation in content in the soil water used for plant cultivation. For different plant varieties, under the same heavy metal configuration, the heavy metal accumulation capacity of different plant varieties can be determined by comparing the accumulation per unit mass, the accumulation per unit cultivation cycle, or the variation in content in soil water.

[0044] Setting up different control groups is mainly to establish reference standards for the growth status of different plant varieties under non-heavy metal stress. For the same plant variety, several experimental groups with different heavy metal configurations can be compared with the control group of that plant variety. The comparison includes growth status data such as growth rate, growth height, and biomass accumulation, which can be quantified as biomass accumulation at a characteristic time or growth time at a characteristic biomass accumulation.

[0045] For example, a farmland area polluted by metal smelting waste liquid is selected as the target area for remediation. The heavy metal pollutants mainly include four types: A, B, C, and D (e.g., four of the heavy metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium, arsenic, and copper). The plants to be selected include four hyperaccumulating plant species a, b, c, and d that are suitable for treating heavy metal pollution and are suitable for the natural climate environment of the target area (e.g., four of the following: water chestnut, foxtail grass, Leymus chinensis, wild chrysanthemum, Miscanthus sinensis, and Erigeron canadensis). Compared to ordinary plants, hyperaccumulating plants need to possess four basic characteristics: 1. Critical content characteristic: the heavy metal content in the aboveground parts of the plant, such as stems, leaves, or foliage, should reach a certain critical content standard, such as 1000 mg / kg for lead and 100 mg / kg for cadmium; 2. Translocation characteristic: the heavy metal content in the aboveground parts of the plant is greater than that in the roots, specifically defined as the ratio of the element content in the aboveground parts to the content of the same element in the underground parts being greater than 1, used to evaluate the plant's ability to transport and accumulate heavy metals from the underground to the surface; 3. Tolerance characteristic: the plant has strong tolerance to heavy metals; 4. Accumulation coefficient characteristic: the accumulation coefficient in the aboveground parts of the plant is greater than 1, meaning that the ratio of the concentration of a certain element or compound in the organism to its concentration in the environment is greater than 1. The screening and cultivation method of this invention is mainly used to quantify tolerance and accumulation coefficient characteristics and, combined with comprehensive cultivation costs, to screen one or more plants suitable for the target area to be remediated. It can also be used to calculate and verify the critical content and translocation characteristics of plants.

[0046] Therefore, for the target area to be repaired, the plant varieties in the control parameters of this invention are a, b, c, and d, and the heavy metal configuration schemes are four heavy metals A, B, C, and D and their corresponding contents in the target area. To accurately collect data on the stress resistance and heavy metal accumulation capacity of different plants and to further screen the selected hyperaccumulating plants, three experimental groups and one control group were set up for each plant. The plant varieties in the three experimental groups were the same, and the heavy metal contents in the heavy metal configuration schemes were 100%, 50%, and 20%, respectively. The heavy metal content in the control group was the background value of the target area. Therefore, when there are four candidate plants, the number of experimental groups was set to 12, and the number of control groups was set to 4. The experimental groups and control groups were cultivated under the same conditions.

[0047] Preferably, to ensure effective variable control during the screening and cultivation process, the screening and cultivation method of the present invention performs cultivation on experimental and control groups in the target area to be repaired. Several experimental and control groups are planted in cultivation containers arranged in the target area, and the experimental and control groups are cultivated under the same cultivation conditions in the target area. For the same plant variety, different heavy metal configuration schemes are used between several experimental groups and / or between experimental groups and their corresponding control groups. Specifically, the cultivation containers are filled with soil or water containing different heavy metal configuration schemes. For the same plant variety, the three experimental groups are respectively placed in soil containing 100%, 50%, and 20% of four heavy metals A, B, C, and D as the culture medium, while the control group is placed in soil that meets the natural background range of the target area as the culture medium. The 50% and 20% contents can be obtained by dilution and mixing, or by quantitatively adding the corresponding heavy metal categories and contents required by the heavy metal configuration scheme to a soil and water medium that does not contain heavy metals or whose heavy metal content is within the natural background range. The culture container is used to isolate the soil of the target area from the plant growing environment, so that several experimental groups and control groups receive the same natural or artificial culture conditions in the target area, and the culture conditions for the same plant are kept consistent in terms of environmental temperature, rainfall, light, etc., except for the heavy metal configuration scheme.

[0048] Preferably, to accurately assess the stress resistance performance of different plants to different concentrations of heavy metals, the screening and cultivation method of the present invention obtains stress resistance parameters of experimental and control groups during the cultivation process, including: collecting one or more of the following parameters from the germination survival rate, characteristic growth time, and characteristic biomass of the experimental and control plants and calculating the stress resistance parameters. Further, the calculation of the stress resistance parameters of the experimental group is performed by comparing the germination survival rate, characteristic growth time, and characteristic biomass of the experimental group with those of the control group to obtain several characteristic ratios for calculating the stress resistance parameters. These characteristic ratios are adjusted to ensure a positive correlation between the characteristic ratios and the stress resistance parameters. Depending on the morphological size of the plant variety and the size of the cultivation container, each experimental or control group can be placed in several cultivation containers or several plants can be placed in one cultivation container, such that the germination survival rate, characteristic growth time, and characteristic biomass are averages of the data from the several cultivation containers or the several plants.

[0049] Specifically, under the controlled artificial or natural culture conditions of the experimental and control groups in this invention, for the same plant species, several experimental and control groups differ only in their heavy metal configurations. The plant's stress resistance is primarily reflected by comparing the results of these experimental and control groups. Stress resistance is quantified using stress resistance parameters, which reflect the comparison of growth status data between the experimental and control groups. To ensure the objectivity of the plant's stress resistance and its applicability to the target region, the stress resistance parameters of this invention are relative reference values, providing a direct comparison between plant growth status data under different heavy metal configurations and plant growth status data within the natural background range.

[0050] For example, stress resistance parameters are reflected by germination survival rate, characteristic growth time, and characteristic biomass. Germination survival rate reflects the toxic effects of heavy metals on the germination stage and the plant's resistance to heavy metal stress during the seed and seedling stages. Characteristic growth time is the cultivation time required for a plant to reach a specific growth stage, such as the cultivation time from the end of flowering to fruit ripening. Characteristic biomass is the amount of biomass a plant can achieve at a certain cultivation stage, such as the biomass at one month or three months. Biomass mainly considers the aboveground parts of the plant, allowing it to be calculated based on plant size (plant height, plant range, etc.) and facilitating harvesting and removal when applied over a large area in the target region. Therefore, germination survival rate, characteristic growth time, and characteristic biomass are used to comprehensively evaluate plant growth status data under different heavy metal configurations, including growth rate and growth morphology. For the same plant variety, the stress resistance parameters of several experimental groups can be calculated and determined based on the ratios of germination survival rate, characteristic growth time, and characteristic biomass between the experimental and control groups.

[0051] Preferably, to accurately assess the heavy metal accumulation performance of different candidate plants for different concentrations of heavy metals, the screening and cultivation method of the present invention obtains heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters of the experimental group and the control group during the cultivation process, including: collecting one or more of the heavy metal accumulation category, heavy metal accumulation concentration, and heavy metal accumulation amount per plant in the experimental group plants and calculating the heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters. Further, the heavy metal accumulation category and heavy metal accumulation concentration of the experimental group plants at characteristic time or characteristic biomass state are collected, and the heavy metal accumulation category and corresponding heavy metal accumulation concentration are paired to serve as heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters for different heavy metal categories; or the heavy metal accumulation category and heavy metal accumulation concentration of the experimental group plants at characteristic time or characteristic biomass state are collected, and the ratio of the heavy metal accumulation concentration corresponding to the heavy metal category to the heavy metal concentration of the corresponding heavy metal category in the soil is used as the heavy metal accumulation capacity parameter for that heavy metal category. The method for determining heavy metals can be as follows: collect and grind the tissues of the above-ground parts of the plant and place them in a crucible. Use an electric furnace to completely carbonize them, then ashing them at 600 degrees Celsius for 6 hours. Dissolve them in 2 mol / L hydrochloric acid, transfer the solution to a quantitative bottle and make up to volume. Filter the filtrate and determine the heavy metal types and content on an atomic absorption spectrophotometer.

[0052] Specifically, heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters can be used to evaluate the absolute or relative accumulation values ​​of candidate plants for different types and concentrations of heavy metals. Hyperaccumulating plants often have a strong accumulation capacity for one or more heavy metals, and their accumulation capacity at different concentrations varies based on their stress resistance. Therefore, heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters can reflect the absolute and relative accumulation capacity of plants for different heavy metal categories and concentrations, allowing for the creation of plant heavy metal accumulation capacity evaluation tables or data graphs. For example, a data graph can use heavy metal category as the x-axis and heavy metal accumulation capacity parameter as the y-axis. Since there are significant differences in the heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters of different plants relative to heavy metal category, the data will contain several curves or broken lines representing the changes in the heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters of different plants relative to heavy metal category. The peak points corresponding to these broken lines or curves represent the main heavy metal categories that are accumulated and remediated.

[0053] Preferably, to accurately assess the comprehensive cultivation cost of different plants, the screening and cultivation method of the present invention obtains comprehensive cost parameters for the experimental and control groups during the cultivation process, including: collecting one or more of the following: crop cost per unit area, management cost per unit area, and transfer cost per unit area to calculate the comprehensive cost parameter. The comprehensive cost parameter characterizes the entire process cost of planting, managing, collecting, transporting, and treating heavy metals using this type of plant, and can serve as a cost reference for large-scale planting in the target area. The comprehensive cost parameter can be obtained by summing the crop cost per unit area, management cost per unit area, and transfer cost per unit area. Specifically, under natural cultivation conditions, the crop cost per unit area mainly includes the cost of purchasing plant seeds; the management cost per unit area mainly includes labor and equipment costs during planting and harvesting; and the transfer cost per unit area mainly includes transfer fees and post-processing fees. Post-processing methods may include incineration, composting, compression landfilling, high-temperature decomposition, ashing, and liquid-phase extraction.

[0054] Preferably, the comprehensive evaluation results corresponding to the heavy metal configuration scheme of the experimental group are obtained based on the stress resistance ability parameters, heavy metal accumulation ability parameters, and comprehensive cost parameters of the experimental group. This includes: weighted summation of the stress resistance ability parameters, heavy metal accumulation ability parameters, and comprehensive cost parameters to calculate the comprehensive score and / or comprehensive grade corresponding to the comprehensive evaluation results. The comprehensive evaluation results are used to comprehensively assess the plant's stress resistance performance, heavy metal accumulation performance, and cost control, thereby obtaining one or more plant species suitable for the target area. Further, the weighted summation calculation of the stress resistance ability parameters, heavy metal accumulation ability parameters, and comprehensive cost parameters corresponds to a first to a third coefficient. Since the stress resistance ability parameter is positively correlated with the comprehensive score / comprehensive grade, the heavy metal accumulation ability parameter is positively correlated with the comprehensive score / comprehensive grade, and the comprehensive cost parameter is negatively correlated with the comprehensive score / comprehensive grade, the first and second coefficients are positive, while the third coefficient is negative.

[0055] Preferably, the comprehensive evaluation results can also be represented by data charts consisting of stress resistance parameters, heavy metal accumulation parameters, and comprehensive cost parameters of the experimental groups. Specifically, the data charts can show the ranking characteristics and specific data of the stress resistance parameters, heavy metal accumulation parameters, and comprehensive cost parameters of plants under different heavy metal configuration schemes. Furthermore, the plant stress resistance parameters and heavy metal accumulation parameters can be configured as functions relative to the heavy metal category and / or heavy metal content. These functions can be presented as data charts to quantify the selective accumulation of different heavy metal categories by different plant varieties and their stress resistance to different heavy metal contents. The data charts can also be quantified and stored to form a database for subsequent screening reference. For another target area where the heavy metal category and corresponding heavy metal content are determined, one or more plants can be directly selected to perform the remediation task by searching the database.

[0056] Preferably, at least one plant variety is selected for application in the target area based on the comprehensive evaluation results of the experimental group. This includes selecting one or more plants planted in the target area for several cultivation cycles based on the comprehensive evaluation results of the experimental group plants, the heavy metal configuration scheme in the target area, and the expected change patterns of the heavy metal configuration scheme within several cultivation cycles. The comprehensive score or comprehensive grade in the comprehensive evaluation results is used to comprehensively evaluate the plant's remediation capacity for the target area. However, it may only target one or more heavy metals in the target area and is difficult to effectively enrich all categories of heavy metals. Therefore, based on the heavy metal configuration scheme in the target area, a curve or broken line representing the change of heavy metal enrichment capacity parameters of different plants relative to heavy metal categories can be clearly represented by a data chart of heavy metal enrichment capacity parameters. The peak point corresponding to the above broken line or curve corresponds to the main heavy metal category enriched and remediated. Multiple plants are selected for application in the target area according to different heavy metal configuration schemes so that the curves or broken lines of heavy metal enrichment capacity parameters of multiple plants can cover the main heavy metal pollutants in the target area. Based on the above screening and cultivation process, it is possible to adapt to situations where the stress resistance and heavy metal accumulation capacity of different plant varieties vary significantly under different heavy metal categories and contents. One or more plant varieties can be selected for intercropping or alternating planting in multi-cycle pollution remediation processes to achieve a low-cost and high-efficiency treatment process for areas polluted by different heavy metal categories and contents.

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides a screening and cultivation system for plant varieties resistant to heavy metal stress. The system is used to perform the above-mentioned screening and cultivation method. The system includes: an experimental cultivation module, which constructs and cultivates experimental groups and control groups based on at least different heavy metal configuration schemes and / or plant varieties; a monitoring and acquisition module, which acquires stress resistance parameters, heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters, and comprehensive cost parameters of the experimental groups and control groups during the cultivation process; a calculation and analysis module, which calculates the comprehensive evaluation results of the experimental groups and heavy metal configuration schemes based on the stress resistance parameters, heavy metal accumulation capacity parameters, and comprehensive cost parameters of the experimental groups and control groups; and a screening and configuration module, which selects at least one plant variety applicable to the target area based on the comprehensive evaluation results of the experimental groups.

[0058] Specifically, the experimental culture module is mainly used to perform a control culture process for the selected plants in the experimental and control groups. When different culture containers are placed according to the plant varieties and heavy metal configuration schemes, the experimental culture module primarily ensures the consistency of other growth factors between the experimental and control groups, such as light, temperature, and soil moisture. Therefore, the experimental culture module can be set up based on the natural environment of the target area or based on an artificially simulated environment. The main devices and equipment may include: several culture containers for arranging the selected plants, mechanisms for controlling sunlight exposure or artificial light sources, mechanisms for controlling temperature, and mechanisms for controlling soil moisture, etc.

[0059] The monitoring and acquisition module is mainly used to monitor and collect corresponding status or parameter information of plants and the soil and water substrate used for plant cultivation. This module primarily includes several acquisition and operation mechanisms and testing and inspection mechanisms. The acquisition and operation mechanisms may include camera devices and various sensors, while the testing and inspection mechanisms may include heavy metal monitoring devices, size and weight measuring devices, and corresponding recording and analysis equipment. The calculation and analysis module's calculations and analyses are mainly performed by a computer and software programs. The screening and configuration module can be configured with an interactive program interface. This interface provides standardized information input items, allowing the screening and configuration module to provide plant varieties suitable for planting in the target area across multiple cultivation cycles to achieve heavy metal remediation, based on the processing results of the calculation and analysis module and input information about the target area.

[0060] It should be noted that the specific embodiments described above are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can devise various solutions inspired by the disclosure of this invention. These solutions all fall within the scope of this invention and its protection. Those skilled in the art should understand that this specification and its accompanying drawings are illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for screening and cultivating plant varieties resistant to heavy metal stress, characterized in that, The screening and cultivation method includes the following steps: At least based on different heavy metal configuration schemes and / or plant varieties, experimental groups and control groups were constructed and cultured, including: constructing several experimental groups based on different heavy metal configuration schemes and different plant varieties and constructing several control groups based on different plant varieties. For the same plant variety, water and soil substrates with different heavy metal configuration schemes were used between several experimental groups and between experimental groups and corresponding control groups. The stress resistance parameters, heavy metal accumulation parameters, and comprehensive cost parameters of the experimental and control groups during the cultivation process are obtained. The acquisition of the stress resistance parameters of the experimental and control groups during the cultivation process includes: collecting at least one or more of the germination survival rate, characteristic growth time, and characteristic biomass of the experimental and control plants and calculating the stress resistance parameters. The calculation of the stress resistance parameters of the experimental group is performed by comparing the germination survival rate, characteristic growth time, and characteristic biomass of the experimental group with the germination survival rate, characteristic growth time, and characteristic biomass of the control group to obtain several characteristic ratios for calculating the stress resistance parameters. The comprehensive evaluation results of the experimental group corresponding to the heavy metal configuration scheme were calculated based on the stress resistance parameters, heavy metal enrichment parameters, and comprehensive cost parameters of the experimental group and the control group. Obtaining heavy metal enrichment parameters for the experimental and control groups during cultivation also includes: The specific parameters for obtaining the heavy metal accumulation capacity of plants under the corresponding heavy metal configuration scheme are set as follows: Calculate several first ratios between the heavy metal enrichment amount of different heavy metal enrichment categories and the heavy metal content of the corresponding heavy metal categories in the heavy metal configuration scheme, and use the sum of several first ratios and the second ratio of the number of heavy metal categories in the heavy metal configuration scheme as the heavy metal enrichment capacity parameter of the experimental group plants under the heavy metal configuration scheme. The specific parameters for obtaining the heavy metal accumulation capacity of plants under the corresponding heavy metal configuration scheme are set as follows: Data charts were created based on the heavy metal enrichment categories and amounts of the experimental group plants under the corresponding heavy metal configuration schemes. Construct a coordinate system with heavy metal category as the horizontal axis and heavy metal content as the vertical axis. Then, display the heavy metal enrichment category, heavy metal enrichment content, and heavy metal category and content in the corresponding heavy metal configuration scheme in the coordinate system to form a line graph or curve graph. The heavy metal enrichment capacity parameter is determined by the ratio of the area enclosed by the broken line / curve formed by the heavy metal enrichment content relative to the horizontal axis to the area enclosed by the broken line / curve formed by the heavy metal content in the heavy metal configuration scheme relative to the horizontal axis.

2. The screening and cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtaining stress resistance parameters for the experimental and control groups during cultivation also includes: The characteristic ratios for germination survival rate, characteristic growth time, and characteristic biomass were obtained by adjusting the comparison between the experimental and control groups to ensure that the characteristic ratios were positively correlated with the stress resistance parameters.

3. The screening and cultivation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heavy metal enrichment capacity parameters of the experimental and control groups during the cultivation process were obtained, including: At least one or more of the following parameters should be collected from the experimental group plants under the corresponding heavy metal configuration scheme: heavy metal enrichment category, heavy metal enrichment concentration, and heavy metal enrichment amount per plant, and heavy metal enrichment capacity parameters should be obtained.

4. The screening and cultivation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Obtaining heavy metal enrichment parameters for the experimental and control groups during cultivation also includes: The heavy metal enrichment categories, concentrations, and individual plant enrichment amounts of plants in the experimental group were collected at characteristic times or under characteristic biomass conditions. Based on these heavy metal enrichment categories, concentrations, and individual plant enrichment amounts, the heavy metal enrichment capacity parameters of the plants under the corresponding heavy metal configuration schemes were obtained.

5. The screening and cultivation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the comprehensive evaluation results of the experimental group, at least one plant variety was selected for application in the target area, including: Based on the comprehensive evaluation results of the experimental group plants, the heavy metal configuration scheme of the target area, and the expected change pattern of the heavy metal configuration scheme within several cultivation cycles, one or more plants were selected to be planted in the target area for several cultivation cycles.

6. A screening and breeding system for plant varieties resistant to heavy metal stress, configured to perform the screening and breeding method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The screening and breeding system includes: The experimental culture module (100) is configured to construct experimental groups and control groups based on different heavy metal configuration schemes and / or plant varieties and to culture them. It is configured to construct several experimental groups based on different heavy metal configuration schemes and different plant varieties and to construct several control groups based on different plant varieties. For the same plant variety, the water and soil substrates with different heavy metal configuration schemes are used between several experimental groups and between experimental groups and corresponding control groups. The monitoring and acquisition module (200) acquires stress resistance parameters, heavy metal enrichment parameters, and comprehensive cost parameters of the experimental group and the control group during the cultivation process. The acquisition of stress resistance parameters of the experimental group and the control group during the cultivation process includes at least collecting one or more of the germination survival rate, characteristic growth time, and characteristic biomass of the experimental group plants and the control group plants and calculating the stress resistance parameters. The calculation of the stress resistance parameters of the experimental group is performed by comparing the germination survival rate, characteristic growth time, and characteristic biomass of the experimental group with the germination survival rate, characteristic growth time, and characteristic biomass of the control group respectively to obtain several characteristic ratios for calculating the stress resistance parameters. The calculation and analysis module (300) calculates the comprehensive evaluation results of the experimental group corresponding to the heavy metal configuration scheme based on the stress resistance ability parameters, heavy metal enrichment ability parameters and comprehensive cost parameters of the experimental group and the control group. The screening and configuration module (400) selects at least one plant variety to be applied to the target area based on the comprehensive evaluation results of the experimental group. The configuration is to select one or more plants to be planted in the target area for several cultivation cycles based on the comprehensive evaluation results of the experimental group plants, the heavy metal configuration scheme of the target area and the expected change pattern of the heavy metal configuration scheme within several cultivation cycles.

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