Rail milling cutter suitable for multiple rail types

Abstract

The application relates to a rail milling cutter suitable for multiple rail types in the field of special profile machining milling cutters, which comprises a milling cutter head located on the upper side of a rail, a plurality of groups of modular tool holders are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the milling cutter head, the ends, away from the milling cutter head, of the plurality of groups of modular tool holders are fixedly connected with hydraulic units matched with the modular tool holders, and the ends, away from the modular tool holders, of the plurality of hydraulic units are fixedly connected with integrated milling cutter modules matched with the hydraulic units. In the working process, the length size of the hydraulic unit is controlled, real-time detection pressure data of the internal pressure of the hydraulic unit is obtained, the real-time detection pressure data is compared with existing Internet of Things storage pressure data, the working state of the rail milling cutter is monitored in real time, the working abnormality of the rail milling cutter can be found in time, manual maintenance is carried out, defects of the rail that are difficult to remove by machines can be manually removed, and the rail milling cutter is suitable for multiple rail types.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a rail end mill adapted to various rail types, and particularly to a rail end mill adapted to various rail types used in the field of end mills for machining special profiles. Background Technology

[0002] Railway tracks are the infrastructure of railway transportation. They bear a variety of static and dynamic loads, including vertical, lateral, and longitudinal loads. These loads are transferred from the rails to the roadbed through sleepers and the ballast. Through mechanical theory, the stress and strain generated by the various components of the track under various load conditions are analyzed and studied to determine its load-bearing capacity and stability. Since railway tracks are mostly located in the open and exposed to the elements, they are prone to forming an oxide layer on their surface. This oxide layer can affect the surface strength of the rails. Therefore, railway workers need to regularly use rail milling cutters to clean the oxide layer on the rail surface.

[0003] The specification of invention patent CN113751777A discloses an online repair milling cutter for railway tracks, including a cutter head and several modular tool holders distributed circumferentially along the outer wall of the cutter head. Several cutting blades for repairing damaged tracks are detachably connected to the modular tool holders. The modular tool holders are connected to the peripheral wall of the cutter head by fastening bolt kits. There is a gap between two adjacent modular tool holders. This invention has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, short assembly time, easy and precise contour adjustment, good repair effect, high flatness of the repaired railway track surface, accurate track shape contour, and stable operation of high-speed transport equipment.

[0004] The aforementioned invention application only discloses the working method on straight railway tracks. However, railway tracks in reality have curved sections, and the forces that these curved sections bear when the train turns are much greater than those on straight railway tracks. Therefore, the repair work on the curved sections of railway tracks is also extremely important. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that existing track milling cutters are difficult to effectively repair curved railway tracks.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a rail end mill adaptable to various rail types, comprising an end mill disc located on the upper side of the rail and a support box on the side of the rail. Multiple sets of modular tool holders are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the end mill disc. Each set of modular tool holders has a matching hydraulic unit fixedly connected to its end away from the end mill disc. Each set of hydraulic units has an integrated end mill module fixedly connected to its end away from the modular tool holders. A support post is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support box, and a linkage shaft rotatably connects the support post to the end mill disc. Multiple strong electromagnetic force units, including strong electromagnets, are inserted into the end of the support box closest to the rail. The strong electromagnetic force units attract the rail.

[0007] Among the rail milling cutters adapted to various rail types mentioned above, effective repair work can be carried out on rails of various types, improving the working efficiency of rail milling cutters.

[0008] As a further improvement of this application, the milling cutter head includes a cutter head body with multiple weight-reducing holes drilled on the cutter head body to reduce the overall mass of the milling cutter head, making the support box less prone to tipping over under the action of the milling cutter head.

[0009] As a further improvement of this application, the modular tool holder includes a tool holder body. A limiting wing is fixedly connected to the side of the tool holder body near the support pile. Multiple discharge ports are chiseled on the limiting wing. The setting of the limiting wing can, to a certain extent, prevent the milling cutter head from tilting excessively, while the setting of the discharge ports can remove chips, so that the chips generated by the integrated milling cutter module are not easy to accumulate in large quantities and are not easy to affect the normal cutting operation of the integrated milling cutter module.

[0010] As a further improvement of this application, the fan-shaped angle of each of the multiple modular tool holders, hydraulic units, and integrated milling cutter modules is selected according to actual working needs. The smaller the angle of the modular tool holders, hydraulic units, and integrated milling cutter modules, the higher the accuracy of the hydraulic pressure measured during the working process of the hydraulic unit, which is suitable for the repair work of high-quality rails of high-speed railways. Conversely, the lower the working accuracy of the hydraulic unit, the more suitable it is for the repair work of ordinary railways.

[0011] As another improvement of this application, a protective shell is provided on the outside of the strong electromagnet. The protective shell is made of a non-magnetic material, which can reduce the accumulation of chips generated by the integrated milling cutter module on the strong electromagnet and is less likely to affect the tightness between the strong electromagnetic force unit and the rail.

[0012] As a further improvement to this application, a limiting block is fixedly connected to one end of the protective shell located inside the support box. Elastic supplementary unit one and elastic supplementary unit two are fixedly connected between the protective shell and the inner wall of the support box and between the limiting block and the inner wall of the support box, respectively. This allows multiple strong electromagnetic force units to adapt to the curved rails, reducing the contact area between the rails and the strong electromagnetic force units caused by the bending of the rails. This makes it less likely to cause the adsorption force to be too small and to cause the milling cutter head, support box and its auxiliary structures to overturn.

[0013] As a further improvement to this application, both the first and second elastic supplementary units are filled with air-hardening gel material. When the first and second elastic supplementary units rupture under excessive pressure, the air-hardening gel material will flow out and solidify rapidly, preventing the multiple strong electromagnetic force units from undergoing smooth deformation. This allows staff to promptly detect abnormalities in the strong electromagnetic force units and replace them, reducing the impact on the detection structure caused by damage to the first and second elastic supplementary units.

[0014] In summary, this method utilizes multiple strong electromagnetic force units to attach a support box to the side of the rail. Then, energizing these units ensures they are tightly attached to the rail side, simultaneously securing the support box. Next, a rail milling cutter is assembled from a cutter head, modular tool holder, hydraulic unit, and integrated milling cutter module. This cutter is then mounted to the support box via a linkage shaft. The support box, pulled by a track vehicle or similar device matched to the rail, moves along the rail at a preset speed. During operation, this method controls the length of the hydraulic unit to obtain real-time pressure data. This real-time pressure data is compared with existing IoT-stored pressure data to monitor the working status of the rail milling cutter in real time. This allows for timely detection of abnormalities, enabling manual repair and removal of defects in the rail that are difficult to remove by machine. This method is applicable to various rail types. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a diagram of a rail milling cutter adapted to multiple rail types according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a front view of a rail milling cutter adapted to multiple rail types according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a side view of a rail milling cutter adapted to multiple rail types according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the milling cutter head according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the modular tool holder according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting module according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a front sectional view of the limiting module according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a top sectional view of the limiting module according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the strong magnetic force unit according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating the main operation of a rail milling cutter adapted to multiple rail types, according to the first embodiment of this application.

[0025] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0026] 1. Rail, 2. Milling cutter head, 201. Cutter head body, 202. Weight reduction hole, 3. Modular tool holder, 301. Tool holder body, 302. Limiting wing, 303. Unloading port, 4. Hydraulic unit, 5. Integrated milling cutter module, 6. Linkage shaft, 7. Support box, 8. Strong electromagnetic force unit, 801. Protective shell, 802. Strong electromagnet, 803. Limiting block, 9. Elastic supplement unit one, 10. Elastic supplement unit two, 11. Support pile. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following describes one embodiment of this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] First implementation method:

[0029] Figure 1-3 and Figure 5-7 This invention illustrates a rail end mill adapted to various rail types, comprising an end mill disc 2 located on the upper side of rail 1 and a support box 7 on the side of rail 1. Multiple sets of modular tool holders 3 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the end mill disc 2. Each set of modular tool holders 3 is fixedly connected to a hydraulic unit 4 that matches its own end at the end away from the end mill disc 2. Each set of hydraulic units 4 is fixedly connected to an integrated end mill module 5 that matches its own end at the end away from the modular tool holders 3. A support post 11 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support box 7. A linkage shaft 6 is rotatably connected between the support post 11 and the end mill disc 2. Multiple strong electromagnetic force units 8 are inserted into the end of the support box 7 near rail 1. The strong electromagnetic force unit 8 includes a strong electromagnet 802, which is attracted to rail 1.

[0030] In this scheme, multiple strong electromagnetic force units 8 are used to attach the support box 7 to the side of the rail 1. Then, the strong electromagnetic force units 8 are energized, so that the multiple strong electromagnetic force units 8 are tightly attached to the side of the rail 1, and the support box 7 is fixed at the same time. Then, the milling cutter head 2, modular tool holder 3, hydraulic unit 4 and integrated milling cutter module 5 are assembled to form a rail milling cutter. The rail milling cutter is then assembled to the support box 7 through the linkage shaft 6. The support box 7 moves along the rail 1 at a preset speed under the traction of a track car or other device that matches the rail 1.

[0031] In particular, the hydraulic unit 4 in this solution contains a hydraulic structure, which can be controlled by a control terminal to ultimately adjust the overall thickness of the hydraulic unit 4. The aforementioned hydraulic structure and its control method are well-known technologies to those skilled in the art, and therefore are not disclosed in detail in this application. Those skilled in the art can make reasonable designs based on existing technologies to meet the usage requirements of this solution.

[0032] Please see Figure 10 A method for using a rail milling cutter that is compatible with multiple rail types mainly includes the following steps:

[0033] S1. Work preparation: Conduct on-site inspection of the rail 1 to be repaired. The inspection includes, but is not limited to, the shape of the rail, and sampling the surface of the rail 1 at fixed intervals to determine the type and thickness of the oxide on the surface of the rail 1. Cutting experiments are conducted at the sampling locations to determine the forward speed of the subsequent support box 7 and the auxiliary structures installed on it. At the same time, the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic unit 4 during the cutting experiment is measured and the experimental data is uploaded.

[0034] S2. Repair plan determination: Based on the experimental data collected during the work preparation, the repair plan is determined: Based on the measured oxide thickness on the surface of rail 1, the extension length of the hydraulic unit 4 in working state is determined, and the cutting depth of the integrated milling cutter module 5 is determined. At the same time, based on the forward speed of the support box 7 and its auxiliary structures determined by the cutting experiment in step S1, the repair plan is determined.

[0035] S3. Repair work is underway. Under the action of the traction device, the support box 7 moves forward on the rail 1 at a preset speed. The milling cutter head 2 rotates at high speed under the action of the power source. The hydraulic unit 4 will also extend according to the preset experimental data to ensure the cutting depth of the integrated milling cutter module 5. At the same time, the hydraulic unit 4 will also measure its own internal hydraulic pressure to obtain real-time pressure data and upload the real-time pressure data to the control terminal of the milling cutter head 2.

[0036] S4. Data Detection: The control terminal on the milling cutter head 2 will perform real-time inspection of the real-time pressure data transmitted to it. When the difference between the real-time pressure data and the detected pressure data in step S1 is within a controllable range, it is determined that the rail milling cutter is in normal working condition, and the repair work continues until the work is completed. However, when the real-time pressure data abnormally exceeds the controllable range, the support box 7 and its auxiliary structures will immediately issue an alarm and stop the machine. Personnel will inspect the rail milling cutter and manually eliminate defects on the surface of the rail 1. After ensuring that the rail milling cutter fault is completely eliminated, the repair work will continue after passing the above fault point.

[0037] Specifically, in this application, since the rail is a standard basic equipment with publicly available standards for its dimensions and quality, experimental data can be tested based on the standard rail before it is put into use, and the data can be stored in the IoT terminal. In the subsequent rail repair work, the cutting test step can be skipped, and the corresponding IoT-stored pressure data can be searched in the IoT terminal through the pressure data monitored on site to determine the repair plan. At the same time, real-time pressure data will also be recorded during the repair work. After the repair work is completed, the real-time pressure data will be uploaded to the IoT terminal in a unified manner, increasing the amount of pressure data stored in the IoT and facilitating subsequent work.

[0038] During operation, this solution controls the length of the hydraulic unit 4 to obtain real-time pressure data of the internal pressure of the hydraulic unit 4. The real-time pressure data is then compared with the pressure data stored in the Internet of Things to monitor the working status of the track milling cutter in real time. This allows for timely detection of abnormalities in the track milling cutter, enabling manual maintenance and removal of defects in the rail 1 that are difficult to remove by machine. This solution is applicable to various rail types.

[0039] Please see Figure 4-5 The milling cutter head 2 includes a cutter head body 201, on which multiple weight-reducing holes 202 are drilled to reduce the overall mass of the milling cutter head 2, making the support box 7 less prone to tipping over under the action of the milling cutter head 2. The modular tool holder 3 includes a tool holder body 301, on which a limiting wing 302 is fixedly connected. The limiting wing 302 has multiple discharge ports 303. The setting of the limiting wing 302 can, to a certain extent, prevent the milling cutter head 2 from tilting excessively, while the setting of the discharge ports 303 can further prevent the milling cutter head 2 from tilting excessively. The chip removal system prevents the chips generated by the integrated milling cutter module 5 from accumulating excessively and affecting its normal cutting operation. The fan-shaped angles of the multiple modular tool holders 3, hydraulic units 4, and integrated milling cutter module 5 are selected according to actual work needs. The smaller the angles of the modular tool holders 3, hydraulic units 4, and integrated milling cutter module 5, the higher the accuracy of the hydraulic pressure measured by the hydraulic unit 4 during operation, which is suitable for high-quality rail repair work on high-speed railways. Conversely, the lower the working accuracy of the hydraulic unit 4, the more suitable it is for repair work on ordinary railways.

[0040] Please see Figure 6-9The strong electromagnet 802 is fitted with a protective shell 801, which is made of a non-magnetic material. This reduces the accumulation of debris generated by the integrated milling cutter module 5 on the strong electromagnet 802, and does not easily affect the tightness between the strong electromagnetic force unit 8 and the rail 1. One end of the protective shell 801 located inside the support box 7 is fixedly connected to a limiting block 803. Elastic supplementary unit 1 9 and elastic supplementary unit 2 10 are fixedly connected between the protective shell 801 and the inner wall of the support box 7, and between the limiting block 803 and the inner wall of the support box 7, respectively. This allows the multiple strong electromagnetic force units 8 to adapt to the curved rail 1, reducing the rail bending caused by the curve of the rail 1. 1. The contact area with the strong electromagnetic force unit 8 is too small, which makes it difficult to cause the adsorption force to be too weak, and it is difficult to cause the milling cutter head 2, support box 7 and its auxiliary structures to overturn. Both the elastic supplement unit 1 9 and the elastic supplement unit 2 10 are filled with air-hardening gel material. When the elastic supplement unit 1 9 and the elastic supplement unit 2 10 are subjected to excessive pressure and break, the above-mentioned air-hardening gel material will flow out and solidify quickly, so that multiple strong electromagnetic force units 8 can no longer change and deform smoothly. The staff can detect the abnormality of the strong electromagnetic force unit 8 in time and replace it, reducing the impact on the detection structure caused by the damage of the elastic supplement unit 1 9 and the elastic supplement unit 2 10.

[0041] In light of current practical needs, the above-described embodiments adopted in this application are not limited to these. Any changes made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A rail end mill adaptable to multiple rail types, characterized in that: The system includes a milling cutter head (2) located on the upper side of the rail (1) and a support box (7) on the side of the rail (1). Multiple sets of modular cutter clips (3) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the milling cutter head (2). A hydraulic unit (4) matching itself is fixedly connected to the end of the multiple sets of modular cutter clips (3) away from the milling cutter head (2). An integrated milling cutter module (5) matching itself is fixedly connected to the end of the multiple hydraulic units (4) away from the modular cutter clips (3). A support pile (11) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support box (7). A linkage shaft (6) is rotatably connected between the support pile (11) and the milling cutter head (2). Multiple strong electromagnetic force units (8) are inserted into the end of the support box (7) near the rail (1). The strong electromagnetic force unit (8) includes a strong electromagnet (802). The strong electromagnet (802) is attracted to the rail (1). Its usage method includes the following steps: S1. Work preparation: Conduct on-site investigation of the rail (1) to be repaired. The investigation includes, but is not limited to, the shape of the rail, and sampling the surface of the rail (1) at fixed intervals to determine the type and thickness of oxides on the surface of the rail (1). Cutting experiments are conducted at the sampling locations to determine the forward speed of the subsequent support box (7) and its attached structures. At the same time, the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic unit (4) during the cutting experiment is measured and uploaded to form experimental data. S2. Repair plan determination: Based on the data collected during the work preparation, the repair plan is determined: Based on the measured oxide thickness on the surface of the rail (1), the extension length of the hydraulic unit (4) in working state is determined, and the cutting depth of the integrated milling cutter module (5) is determined. At the same time, based on the forward speed of the support box (7) and its auxiliary structures determined by the cutting experiment in step S1, the repair plan is determined. S3. The repair work is underway. The support box (7) moves forward on the rail (1) at a preset speed under the action of the traction device. The milling cutter head (2) rotates at high speed under the action of the power source. The hydraulic unit (4) will also extend according to the preset experimental data to ensure the cutting depth of the integrated milling cutter module (5). At the same time, the hydraulic unit (4) will also measure its own internal hydraulic pressure to obtain real-time pressure data and upload the real-time pressure data to the control terminal of the milling cutter head (2). S4. Data detection: The control terminal mounted on the milling cutter head (2) will perform real-time inspection of the real-time pressure data transmitted to itself. When the difference between the real-time pressure data and the detected pressure data in step S1 is within a controllable range, it is determined that the rail milling cutter is in normal working condition and the repair work continues until the work is completed. However, when the real-time pressure data is abnormally beyond the controllable range, the support box (7) and its auxiliary structures will immediately issue an alarm and stop the machine. Staff will inspect the rail milling cutter and manually eliminate the defects on the surface of the rail (1). After ensuring that the rail milling cutter fault is completely eliminated, the repair work will continue after passing the above fault point.

2. The rail milling cutter adaptable to multiple rail types according to claim 1, characterized in that: The milling cutter head (2) includes a cutter head body (201), on which multiple weight-reducing holes (202) are drilled to reduce the overall mass of the milling cutter head (2).

3. A rail milling cutter adaptable to multiple rail types according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modular cutter clip (3) includes a cutter clip body (301), and a limiting wing (302) is fixedly connected to the side of the cutter clip body (301) near the support pile (11). The limiting wing (302) has multiple discharge ports (303).

4. A rail milling cutter adaptable to multiple rail types according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modular tool holders (3), hydraulic units (4), and integrated milling cutter modules (5) comprise multiple fan-shaped units of different angles and sizes.

5. A rail milling cutter adaptable to multiple rail types according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strong electromagnet (802) is covered with a protective shell (801), which is made of a non-magnetic material.

6. A rail milling cutter adaptable to multiple rail types according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protective shell (801) is fixedly connected to a limiting block (803) at one end inside the support box (7). The protective shell (801) and the inner wall of the support box (7) are respectively fixedly connected to an elastic supplement unit one (9) and an elastic supplement unit two (10).

7. A rail end mill adapted to multiple rail types according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both the first elastic supplement unit (9) and the second elastic supplement unit (10) are filled with air-hardening gel material.

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